CN111238936A - A test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A testing device for a metal material mechanical tensile test comprises a supporting rod, a first connecting rod, a pressure sensor, a third mounting plate, a second connecting rod and two groups of clamping components for clamping a standard tensile sample; two ends of the plurality of support rods are respectively connected with the top plate and the workbench; the top plate is provided with a lifting device for driving the first mounting plate to move towards or away from the workbench; the plurality of first connecting rods are respectively connected with the first mounting plate and the third mounting plate; the second mounting plate is positioned between the first mounting plate and the third mounting plate, and a space for mounting the pressure sensor is reserved between the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate; the plurality of second connecting rods are respectively connected with the second mounting plate and the fourth mounting plate; the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, the third mounting plate and the fourth mounting plate are parallel to each other; the two groups of clamping assemblies are respectively connected with the workbench and the fourth mounting plate; the sample is perpendicular to the table. The invention can conveniently clamp and tightly fix the test sample to be tested.

Description

A test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, in particular to a testing device for mechanical tensile testing of metal materials.

Background technique

Mechanics experiment is an indispensable item in physics class experiments. Through experiments, students can understand physics knowledge intuitively and clearly. The tensile test of materials is a branch of mechanical experiments. Through the tensile test, students can clearly understand the materials. The tensile strength of the metal material, the correlation between the elastic force and the extension length is studied, and the accurate elastic coefficient is obtained; when the metal material is subjected to tensile testing, the metal material needs to be processed into a standard sample according to the standard as shown in Figure 1 However, the existing testing device for metal material tensile samples is inconvenient to clamp and fix the standard sample, and after clamping and tightening the sample, it is easy to cause extrusion deformation to the sample, which may affect the The accuracy of the test; for this reason, a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials is proposed in this application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

(1) Purpose of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials. Compression deformation.

(2) Technical solutions

The invention provides a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials, comprising a workbench, a support rod, a top plate, a first mounting plate, a first connecting rod, a second mounting plate, a pressure sensor, a third mounting plate, a second mounting plate, a a connecting rod, a fourth mounting plate, and two sets of clamping assemblies for clamping standard tensile specimens; wherein, one set of clamping assemblies includes a first fixing plate, a clamping piece, a threaded rod and a second fixing plate;

Two ends of the plurality of support rods are respectively connected to the top plate and the workbench; the lower end surface of the workbench is provided with a plurality of support columns; the top plate is provided with a lifting device for driving the first mounting plate to move towards or away from the workbench;

One end of the plurality of first connecting rods is respectively connected to the lower end surface of the first installation plate, and the plurality of first connecting rods are respectively connected to the third installation plate; the third installation plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes; the second installation plate is located on the Between the first mounting plate and the third mounting plate, and between the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate, there is space for installing the pressure sensor; one end of the plurality of second connecting rods is respectively connected to the second mounting plate, and the plurality of The other ends of the two connecting rods pass through the first through holes one by one and are connected to the fourth mounting plate; wherein the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate, the third mounting plate and the fourth mounting plate are parallel to each other;

The clamping piece is arranged on the first fixing plate, and one end of the clamping piece extends inwardly along the central axis and is provided with a first hollow chamber; the diameter value of the first hollow chamber is greater than the width value of the parallel end of the sample; One end extends inward from the central axis and is provided with a second hollow chamber; the inner wall of the second hollow chamber is a curved surface, the second hollow chamber is communicated with the first hollow chamber, and the diameter of the second hollow chamber gradually increases along the direction toward the first hollow chamber. Decrease, the second hollow chamber and the first hollow chamber are provided with slits on the clamping pieces for the parallel sections of the sample to pass through;

The first fixing plate is vertically arranged on the second fixing plate; the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate; Connect the workbench.

Preferably, the two groups of clamping assemblies further include two nuts; the two nuts are respectively connected with two threaded rods, and the end faces of the two nuts facing the workbench and the fourth mounting plate press the workbench and the fourth mounting plate respectively.

Preferably, it includes a plurality of bolts; wherein, the first fixing plate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes; the outer peripheral surface of the clamping member is provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes;

The plurality of bolts are respectively threaded through the plurality of threaded holes and screwed into the plurality of threaded blind holes; wherein the bolts, the threaded holes and the threaded blind holes correspond one by one.

Preferably, the clamping member has a cylindrical structure; the projection of the first fixing plate is a fan ring, and the inner diameter of the first fixing plate is the same as the outer diameter of the clamping member.

Preferably, it includes a baffle; the baffle is vertically arranged on the workbench, and the baffle is provided with a scale line along its height direction.

Preferably, it includes two sets of protective plates and inserting components; wherein, the lower end face of the top plate is provided with a chute along its length direction; the upper end face of the worktable is provided with a groove along its length direction;

The two sets of protection boards are both perpendicular to the workbench, the upper ends of the two sets of protection boards are slidably connected to the chute, the lower ends of the two sets of protection boards protrude into the grooves, and the two sets of protection boards are fixedly connected by inserting components.

Preferably, the protective plate is made of impact-resistant transparent material.

Preferably, the plug-in component is made of stainless steel pins.

Preferably, it includes a plurality of guide rods; wherein, the first mounting plate is provided with a plurality of vertical second through holes;

The plurality of guide rods are vertically distributed with the worktable, one end of the plurality of guide rods is respectively connected to the worktable, and the other ends of the plurality of guide rods respectively pass through the plurality of second through holes one by one and are connected to the top plate.

Preferably, it includes a host and a switch; the switch and the host are both arranged on the workbench, the host is provided with a display screen, and the host is provided with a circuit board and a microcontroller; the microcontroller is arranged on the circuit board, and the microcontroller controls the connection The lifting device, the microcontroller is communicated with the display screen and the pressure sensor; the switch is electrically connected to the circuit board.

The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

In the present invention, during use, a suitable clamping component is selected according to the size of the sample to clamp the sample, and the clamping component is easily installed with the fourth mounting plate and the worktable through the provided threaded rod, so as to facilitate the clamping Replace the holding components; adjust the distance between the two sets of clamping components, and extend the parallel section of the sample from the gap on the two clamping members into the first hollow chamber and the second hollow chamber that are connected to each other, and pass the lifting device. Increase the distance between the two sets of clamping components, the first mounting plate continues to move toward the side away from the worktable, and the end face of the sample with the transition radius is pressed against the inner wall of the second hollow chamber, that is, the sample passes through the clamp Hold the component for clamping and fixing; at this time, the pressure sensor is pressed between the second mounting plate and the third mounting plate. By presetting the pressure threshold of the pressure sensor, when the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor reaches the set value , the device stops running; control the lifting device to drive the first mounting plate to move toward the worktable, and then remove the stretched sample from the clamping assembly for measurement; simple operation and convenient use;

In addition, safety protection is carried out through the set protective plate to improve the safety of the experiment.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a top view of a standard sample for tensile testing of existing metallic materials.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing device for mechanical tensile testing of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping component in a testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a first fixing plate in a testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a clamping member in a testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 in a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1, workbench; 2, support column; 3, support rod; 4, guide rod; 5, top plate; 6, lifting device; 7, first installation plate; 8, switch; 9, main engine; 10, first connecting rod; 11, second mounting plate; 12, pressure sensor; 13, third mounting plate; 14, second connecting rod; 15, fourth mounting plate; 16, baffle plate; 17, nut; 18, first a fixing plate; 19, a clamping piece; 191, a first hollow chamber; 192, a second hollow chamber; 193, a gap; 20, a threaded rod; 21, a protective plate; 22, a plug assembly; 23, a second fixing plate ; 24, bolts; 25, threaded holes.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Also, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 2-8, a test device for mechanical tensile test of metal materials proposed by the present invention includes a workbench 1, a support rod 3, a top plate 5, a first mounting plate 7, a first connecting rod 10, a second The mounting plate 11, the pressure sensor 12, the third mounting plate 13, the second connecting rod 14, the fourth mounting plate 15 and two sets of clamping assemblies for clamping standard tensile specimens; wherein, one set of clamping assemblies includes the first fixing plate 18, the clamping piece 19, the threaded rod 20 and the second fixing plate 23;

The two ends of the plurality of support rods 3 are respectively connected to the top plate 5 and the workbench 1; the lower end surface of the workbench 1 is provided with a plurality of support columns 2; the lower end surfaces of the plurality of support columns 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of rubber pads;

The top plate 5 is provided with a lifting device 6 for driving the first mounting plate 7 to move toward or away from the workbench 1; further, the lifting device 6 is selected but not limited to a hydraulic cylinder; the lifting device 6 can be selected from a motor, a reel and a rope; One end of the rope is connected to the first installation plate 7, and the other end of the rope is wound on the reel; the reel is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor, and the technical effect of driving the first installation plate 7 to move is achieved through the above arrangement; this is generally the prior art. ;

One ends of the plurality of first connecting rods 10 are respectively connected to the lower end surface of the first mounting plate 7, and the plurality of first connecting rods 10 are respectively connected to the third mounting plate 13; the third mounting plate 13 is provided with a plurality of first through holes;

The second mounting plate 11 is located between the first mounting plate 7 and the third mounting plate 13, and a space for mounting the pressure sensor 12 is left between the second mounting plate 11 and the third mounting plate 13;

One ends of the plurality of second connecting rods 14 are respectively connected to the second mounting plate 11, and the other ends of the plurality of second connecting rods 14 respectively pass through the plurality of first through holes and are connected to the fourth mounting plate 15; The mounting plate 7, the second mounting plate 11, the third mounting plate 13 and the fourth mounting plate 15 are parallel to each other;

The clamping member 19 is arranged on the first fixing plate 18, and one end of the clamping member 19 extends inwardly along its central axis with a first hollow chamber 191; the diameter value of the first hollow chamber 191 is greater than the width value of the parallel end of the sample; The other end of the clamping member 19 extends inwardly along its central axis and is provided with a second hollow chamber 192; the inner wall of the second hollow chamber 192 is a curved surface, the second hollow chamber 192 is communicated with the first hollow chamber 191, and the second hollow chamber 192 is along the The diameter value gradually decreases toward the direction of the first hollow chamber 191, the second hollow chamber 192 and the first hollow chamber 191 are provided with a slit 193 on the clamping member 19 for the parallel section of the sample to pass through;

The first fixing plate 18 is vertically arranged on the second fixing plate 23; the threaded rod 20 is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate 23; Another group of threaded rods 20 is threadedly connected to the workbench 1; it should be noted that the fourth mounting plate 15 and the workbench 1 are respectively provided with threaded mounting holes for threadedly matching the threaded rods 20; the central axes of the two threaded mounting holes coincide In addition, the slits 193 on the two clamping members 19 are all facing the same direction and the central axes of the slits 193 are coincident. During the test, the sample is perpendicular to the workbench 1.

In the present invention, during use, a suitable clamping component is selected to clamp the sample according to the size of the sample, and the clamping component is easily installed with the fourth mounting plate 15 and the workbench 1 through the provided threaded rod 20, thereby It is convenient to replace the clamping components; adjust the distance between the two sets of clamping components, and extend the parallel section of the sample from the gap 193 on the two clamping members 19 into the first hollow chamber 191 and the second hollow chamber 191 that communicate with each other. In the empty chamber 192, the distance between the two groups of clamping components is increased by the lifting device 6, the first mounting plate 7 continues to move toward the side away from the worktable 1, and the end face of the sample with the transition radius is connected to the second hollow chamber. The inner wall of 192 is pressed tightly, that is, the sample is clamped and fixed by the clamping assembly; at this time, the pressure sensor 12 is pressed between the second mounting plate 11 and the third mounting plate 13, and the pressure of the pressure sensor 12 is preset by presetting the pressure sensor 12. Threshold value, when the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 12 reaches the set value, the device stops running; the lifting device 6 is controlled to drive the first mounting plate 7 to move toward the worktable 1, and then the stretched sample is removed from the clamping assembly. Take it off for measurement; easy to operate and easy to use.

In an optional embodiment, the two sets of clamping assemblies further include two nuts 17 ; the two nuts 17 are respectively connected to the two threaded rods 20 by thread, and the two nuts 17 face the end faces of the workbench 1 and the fourth mounting plate 15 Press the worktable 1 and the fourth mounting plate 15 respectively; the provided nut 17 improves the firmness of the clamping assembly after installation.

In an optional embodiment, it includes a plurality of bolts 24; wherein, the first fixing plate 18 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 25; the outer peripheral surface of the clamping member 19 is provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes;

The plurality of bolts 24 are respectively threaded through the plurality of threaded holes 25 and screwed into the plurality of threaded blind holes; wherein, the bolts 24, the threaded holes 25 and the threaded blind holes are in one-to-one correspondence; the first fixing plate 18 and the clamping member 19 The bolts 24 are detachably connected to facilitate the replacement of the clamping piece 19 .

In an optional embodiment, the clamping member 19 is a cylindrical structure; the projection of the first fixing plate 18 is a fan ring, and the inner diameter of the first fixing plate 18 is the same as the outer diameter of the clamping member 19 .

In an optional embodiment, a baffle plate 16 is included; the baffle plate 16 is vertically arranged on the workbench 1, and the baffle plate 16 is provided with a scale line along its height direction; The upper end face is parallel to the O scale of the scale line. By observing the scale line and stretching the sample, it can be visually observed that it is stretched.

In an optional embodiment, it includes two sets of protective plates 21 and inserting assemblies 22; wherein, the lower end surface of the top plate 5 is provided with a chute along its length direction; the upper end surface of the workbench 1 is provided along its length direction with a chute groove;

The two sets of protective plates 21 are both perpendicular to the workbench 1 , the upper ends of the two sets of protective plates 21 are slidably connected to the chute, the lower ends of the two sets of protective plates 21 are both protruding into the grooves, and the two sets of protective plates 21 are fixedly connected by the insert assembly 22 . ; Safety protection is carried out by the set protective plate 21 to improve the safety of the experiment.

In an optional embodiment, the protective plate 21 is made of impact-resistant transparent material to facilitate the observation of the tensile sample.

In an optional embodiment, the plug-in assembly 22 is selected from but not limited to stainless steel pins.

In an optional embodiment, a plurality of guide rods 4 are included; wherein, the first mounting plate 7 is provided with a plurality of vertical second through holes;

A plurality of guide rods 4 are vertically distributed with the workbench 1 , one end of the plurality of guide rods 4 is respectively connected to the workbench 1 , and the other ends of the plurality of guide rods 4 respectively pass through the plurality of second through holes and are connected to the top plate 5 .

In an optional embodiment, it includes a host 9 and a switch 8; the switch 8 and the host 9 are both arranged on the workbench 1, the host 9 is provided with a display screen, and the host 9 is provided with a circuit board and a microcontroller; The controller is arranged on the circuit board, the microcontroller controls the connection to the lifting device 6, and the microcontroller communicates with the display screen and the pressure sensor 12; the switch 8 is electrically connected to the circuit board; The device is powered; the lifting device 6 is controlled by a microcontroller.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned specific embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate or explain the principle of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the appended claims of this invention are intended to cover all changes and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims (10)

1. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal materials is characterized by comprising a workbench (1), supporting rods (3), a top plate (5), a first mounting plate (7), a first connecting rod (10), a second mounting plate (11), a pressure sensor (12), a third mounting plate (13), a second connecting rod (14), a fourth mounting plate (15) and two groups of clamping components for clamping a standard tensile sample; wherein, one group of clamping components comprises a first fixing plate (18), a clamping piece (19), a threaded rod (20) and a second fixing plate (23);

two ends of the plurality of support rods (3) are respectively connected with the top plate (5) and the workbench (1); a plurality of supporting columns (2) are arranged on the lower end surface of the workbench (1); the top plate (5) is provided with a lifting device (6) for driving the first mounting plate (7) to move towards or away from the workbench (1);

one end of each first connecting rod (10) is connected with the lower end face of the first mounting plate (7), and each first connecting rod (10) is connected with the third mounting plate (13); a plurality of first through holes are formed in the third mounting plate (13); the second mounting plate (11) is positioned between the first mounting plate (7) and the third mounting plate (13), and a space for mounting the pressure sensor (12) is reserved between the second mounting plate (11) and the third mounting plate (13); one ends of the second connecting rods (14) are respectively connected with the second mounting plates (11), and the other ends of the second connecting rods (14) respectively penetrate through the first through holes one by one and are connected with the fourth mounting plates (15); the first mounting plate (7), the second mounting plate (11), the third mounting plate (13) and the fourth mounting plate (15) are parallel to each other;

the clamping piece (19) is arranged on the first fixing plate (18), and a first hollow bin (191) is arranged at one end of the clamping piece (19) extending inwards along the central axis thereof; the diameter value of the first hollow bin (191) is larger than the width value of the parallel end of the sample; the other end of the clamping piece (19) is provided with a second hollow bin (192) extending inwards along the central axis thereof; the inner wall of the second hollow bin (192) is a curved surface, the second hollow bin (192) is communicated with the first hollow bin (191), the diameter value of the second hollow bin (192) is gradually reduced along the direction towards the first hollow bin (191), and the second hollow bin (192) and the first hollow bin (191) are provided with a gap (193) for the parallel section of the test sample to pass through on the clamping piece (19);

the first fixing plate (18) is vertically arranged on the second fixing plate (23); the threaded rod (20) is rotatably connected with a second fixing plate (23); one threaded rod (20) arranged at the upper end of the sample is in threaded connection with the fourth mounting plate (15), and the other group of threaded rods (20) arranged at the lower end of the sample is in threaded connection with the workbench (1).

2. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two groups of clamping components further comprise two nuts (17); two nuts (17) are respectively in threaded connection with two threaded rods (20), and the two nuts (17) respectively press the workbench (1) and the fourth mounting plate (15) towards the end faces of the workbench (1) and the fourth mounting plate (15).

3. The testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal material according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of bolts (24); wherein, a plurality of threaded holes (25) are arranged on the first fixing plate (18); the outer peripheral surface of the clamping piece (19) is provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes;

the bolts (24) respectively penetrate through the threaded holes (25) in a threaded mode and are screwed into the threaded blind holes in a threaded mode; wherein, the bolts (24), the threaded holes (25) and the threaded blind holes are in one-to-one correspondence.

4. A testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal material according to claim 3, wherein the holding member (19) is a cylindrical structure; the projection of the first fixing plate (18) is a fan ring, and the inner diameter value of the first fixing plate (18) is the same as the outer diameter value of the clamping piece (19).

5. The testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal material according to claim 1, comprising a baffle plate (16); the baffle (16) is vertically arranged on the workbench (1), and the baffle (16) is provided with scale marks along the height direction.

6. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal materials is characterized by comprising two groups of protection plates (21) and inserting and combining assemblies (22); wherein, the lower end surface of the top plate (5) is provided with a sliding chute along the length direction thereof; the upper end surface of the working table (1) is provided with a groove along the length direction;

two sets of guard plates (21) are all perpendicular with workstation (1), and the upper end sliding connection spout of two sets of guard plates (21), the lower extreme of two sets of guard plates (21) all stretch into the recess in, and two sets of guard plates (21) close subassembly (22) fixed connection through inserting.

7. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal materials as claimed in claim 6, wherein the protection plate (21) is made of an impact-resistant transparent material.

8. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal materials as claimed in claim 6, wherein the inserting assembly (22) is a stainless steel bolt.

9. The testing device for mechanical tensile test of metal material according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of guide rods (4); wherein, the first mounting plate (7) is provided with a plurality of vertical second through holes;

a plurality of guide bars (4) and workstation (1) vertical distribution, workstation (1) are connected respectively to the one end of a plurality of guide bars (4), and a plurality of second through-holes are passed respectively one by one to the other end of a plurality of guide bars (4) and roof (5) are connected.

10. The testing device for the mechanical tensile test of the metal material is characterized by comprising a host machine (9) and a switch (8); the switch (8) and the host (9) are both arranged on the workbench (1), a display screen is arranged on the host (9), and a circuit board and a microcontroller are arranged in the host (9); the microcontroller is arranged on the circuit board, the microcontroller controls and is connected with the lifting device (6), and the microcontroller is in communication connection with the display screen and the pressure sensor (12); the switch (8) is electrically connected with the circuit board.

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