CN111238789A - Comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts - Google Patents
Comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN111238789A CN111238789A CN202010200217.2A CN202010200217A CN111238789A CN 111238789 A CN111238789 A CN 111238789A CN 202010200217 A CN202010200217 A CN 202010200217A CN 111238789 A CN111238789 A CN 111238789A
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- oil cylinder
- axis
- shaft part
- part supporting
- shaft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts. Which comprises a base, a torsion motor arranged on the base and two shaft part supporting frames, wherein the two shaft part supporting frames are coaxially arranged with the torsion motor, a motor shaft of the torsion motor is connected with a coupler, the coupler is connected with a torsion sensor, two radial sides of each shaft part supporting frame are respectively provided with a Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder connected with the Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder, the front end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is provided with a bidirectional force transducer, an X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is respectively arranged between two shaft part supporting frames at two sides of the axis of the two shaft part supporting frames, the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is connected with the shaft part supporting frame far away from the torsion motor, and the base is provided with a Y-axis force application oil cylinder corresponding to the lower parts of the two shaft part supporting frames respectively, and the piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder is connected with the bottom end of the corresponding shaft part supporting frame through a connecting rod mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive mechanical test device for large shaft parts, and belongs to the technical field of testing machines.
Background
The spindle is a typical shaft component that transfers rotational motion and torque to other parts through the connection at the end of the spindle. In operation, the main shaft is subjected to torque and bending moments, and also requires high rotational accuracy. The main shaft is a key part of the equipment, and the manufacturing quality of the main shaft directly influences the working performance, safety, reliability and service life of the whole equipment.
In the prior art, a mechanical material testing machine for shaft members is provided, and each shaft member is subjected to mechanical calculation and finite element analysis. Even if various main shafts have strict production standards and inspection standards, the problems still inevitably occur in the actual use process, such as: in the automobile industry, the whole rear suspension falls off and the driving safety is seriously influenced because the rear suspension longitudinal trailing arm is broken in the driving process; cage accidents are caused by the breakage of a main shaft of the mining hoister; if the axle of the running locomotive is broken, serious consequences can be caused; the wind generating set can cause great economic loss if the large shaft fails. The first is the material performance index problem; and then whether the detection equipment can comprehensively reflect the real performance index of the detected piece is detected. In the prior art, a material testing machine for a shaft part can realize single mechanical detection of pressure, tension, torsion and the like, but cannot complete various static mechanical detection, vibration, fatigue and the like, dynamic mechanical detection and reliability tests of a comprehensive tested part. Due to the lack of a comprehensive mechanical material testing machine, the quality of key components of high-end equipment such as a large shaft and the like can only depend on redundancy in engineering calculation and material selection, and the quality of products is strictly guaranteed in the processing process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive mechanical testing device for key components of high-end equipment such as a main shaft, a bearing, a gear box and the like.
Taking wind power generation as an example, the stress condition of a wind generating set is the most complex, and the end part of the main shaft of the wind generating set is under the combined action of 6 spatial degrees of freedom forces and moments such as radial load, axial load, bending moment, torque and the like in the actual operation working condition. If the large-shaft part mechanical detection test bed taking the stress condition of the large shaft of the wind generating set as the standard can be developed successfully, the mechanical detection of other various main shafts can be covered, and the mechanical detection test bed has important significance for mastering the performance index of the main shaft, improving the product quality of the main shaft and ensuring the working reliability of the main shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the comprehensive mechanical test device for the large-scale shaft parts, which can accurately simulate the load of the large-scale shaft parts under the operating condition and carry out comprehensive mechanical test on the large-scale shaft parts.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a large-scale axle type part comprehensive mechanical test device which characterized by: the device comprises a base, a torsion motor and two shaft part supporting frames, wherein the torsion motor and the two shaft part supporting frames are arranged on the base, the two shaft part supporting frames are coaxially arranged with the torsion motor, a motor shaft of the torsion motor is connected with a coupler, the coupler is connected with a torsion sensor, two Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinders arranged along the Z-axis direction are respectively arranged at two radial sides of each shaft part supporting frame and connected with the coupler, a bidirectional force measuring sensor is arranged at the front end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder, an X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder arranged along the X-axis direction is respectively arranged between the two shaft part supporting frames at two axial sides of the two shaft part supporting frames, the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is connected with the part supporting frame far away from the torsion motor, and a Y-axis force application oil cylinder arranged along the Y-axis direction is respectively arranged at the, the Y-axis force application oil cylinder is fixed on the base through the oil cylinder support, and the piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder is connected with the bottom end of the corresponding shaft part supporting frame through a connecting rod mechanism.
When the shaft coupling device works, a sample to be measured is supported and fixed through the two shaft part supporting frames, and the torsion sensor arranged on the shaft coupling is connected with one end of the sample to be measured. The torsion motor is used for providing torsion for a test sample, the Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is used for maintaining or providing Z-axis directional load for the test sample, the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder is used for providing X-axis directional load, the Y-axis force application oil cylinder is used for maintaining or providing Y-axis directional load for the test sample, and the connecting rod mechanism is used for converting the thrust of the force application oil cylinder into the Y-axis directional load. Two Y-axis force application oil cylinders are matched with four Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinders arranged in the Z-axis direction to generate radial loads of the shaft parts in any directions. The bidirectional force measuring sensor is arranged at the front end of the Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder and used for measuring the applied load, and the torsion sensor is used for obtaining the comprehensive torque provided for the test sample. The invention can simulate various load conditions of the measured object under the actual operation condition by controlling the jacking force and the pulling force of each oil cylinder according to the stress model of the large-shaft part, and can simulate various loads with six degrees of freedom. The system feedback is obtained by collecting the load of the load sensor and the torsion sensor in the equipment, and the system load is continuously adjusted, so that the complex stress working condition of the shaft part is finally realized. The invention applies force to a sample to be tested by adopting the link mechanism, has simple and compact structure and saves space, can realize the loading of any radial force by matching with the oil cylinder in the Z-axis direction, avoids the constraint problem between the oil cylinder forces generated by arranging the oil cylinders in both directions of Y, Z, is convenient to control and reduces the arrangement space and the cost.
Furthermore, link mechanism includes looks articulated application of force connecting rod I and application of force connecting rod II, the tailpiece of the piston rod of Y axle application of force hydro-cylinder is articulated with the one end of application of force connecting rod I, and the one end of application of force connecting rod II is articulated with axle type part braced frame's bottom.
Further, the coupler is a diaphragm flexible coupler. The flexible coupling of the diaphragm is adopted to connect the torsion motor and the torsion sensor, certain different axial degrees can be allowed, and the requirement on installation is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through a special structural design, the control system is used for controlling the actions of each oil cylinder and electricity to apply load to the shaft sample to be tested, the load under the operation working condition of the shaft part can be accurately simulated, the comprehensive mechanical test on the large shaft part can be completed, and the accuracy of the test result of the large shaft part can be ensured. The invention applies force to a sample to be tested by adopting the link mechanism, has simple and compact structure and saves space, can realize the loading of any radial force by matching with the oil cylinder in the Z-axis direction, avoids the constraint problem between the oil cylinder forces generated by arranging the oil cylinders in both directions of Y, Z, is convenient to control and reduces the arrangement space and the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
in the figure, the device comprises a torque motor 1, a torque motor 2, a base 3, a bidirectional force measuring sensor, a bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4, a bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder Z, a connecting shaft 5, a bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 6, a bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder X, a bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 7, a coupling 8, a torque sensor 9, a shaft part supporting frame 10, a large shaft part 11, an oil cylinder support 12, a force application oil cylinder Y, a force application connecting rod I, a force application connecting rod 14 and a force application connecting rod II.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by way of non-limiting examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the attached drawings, the comprehensive mechanical test device for the large-scale shaft parts comprises a base 2, wherein a torsion motor 1 and two shaft part supporting frames 9 are arranged on the base 2, and the two shaft part supporting frames 9 and the torsion motor 1 are coaxially arranged. A shaft coupling 7 is connected to a motor shaft of the torque motor 1, and a torque sensor 8 is connected to the shaft coupling 7. In this embodiment, the coupling 7 is a flexible diaphragm coupling, which allows a certain different axial degree. Two radial sides of each shaft part supporting frame 9 are respectively provided with a Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 arranged along the Z-axis direction, the lower end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 is connected with an oil cylinder support on the base 2 through a connecting shaft 5, and the piston rod end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 is hinged with a connecting structure arranged on the corresponding shaft part supporting frame 9. The front end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 is provided with a bidirectional force measuring sensor 3. An X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 6 arranged along the X-axis direction is respectively arranged at two sides of the axis of the two shaft part supporting frames 9, one end of the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 6 is connected with an oil cylinder bracket arranged on the base 2 through a connecting shaft, and the other end of the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 6 is hinged with a connecting structure arranged on the shaft part supporting frame 9 far away from the torsion motor 1. A Y-axis force application cylinder 12 is provided on the base 2 at the lower portion thereof corresponding to the two shaft-like part support frames 9, respectively, and is arranged along the Y-axis direction. One end of a Y-axis force application oil cylinder 12 is fixed on the base 2 through an oil cylinder support 11, and a piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder 12 is hinged with a connecting structure arranged at the bottom end of the corresponding shaft part supporting frame 9 through a connecting rod mechanism.
In this embodiment, the link mechanism includes a force application connecting rod i 13 and a force application connecting rod ii 14 hinged through a connecting shaft, a piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder 12 is hinged with one end of the force application connecting rod i 13, and one end of the force application connecting rod ii 14 is hinged with a bottom end of the shaft part supporting frame 9.
When the large shaft part support device works, a large shaft part 10 to be measured is supported and fixed through the two shaft part support frames 9, and the torsion sensor 8 is connected with one end of the large shaft part 10. In the invention, a torsion motor 1 is used for providing torsion for a test sample, a Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 is used for maintaining or providing Z-axis directional load for the test sample, an X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 6 is used for providing X-axis directional load, a Y-axis force application oil cylinder 12 is used for maintaining or providing Y-axis directional load for the test sample, and a link mechanism is used for converting the thrust of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder 12 into Y-axis directional load. The two Y-axis force application oil cylinders 12 are matched with the four Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinders 4 arranged in the Z-axis direction to generate radial loads of the shaft parts in any directions. The bidirectional load cell 3 arranged at the front end of the Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder 4 is used for measuring the applied load, and the torsion sensor 8 is used for obtaining the comprehensive torque provided for the test sample.
When the device works, the control system is used for controlling the oil cylinders and the electric action to apply load to the shaft samples, the load of each force transducer and each torsion transducer is collected to obtain system feedback, and the system load is continuously adjusted through a stress model preset by the control system, so that the complex stress working condition of the shaft parts is finally realized. After the required dynamic loading and hold load time was completed, the test was stopped. Various measuring tools are used for detecting the shape, position and size changes of the sample, and a nondestructive inspection technology is used for detecting whether destructive damage exists in the shaft material. And finally, detecting the shaft sample in a complex stress environment.
Other parts in this embodiment are the prior art, and are not described herein again.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale axle type part comprehensive mechanical test device which characterized by: the device comprises a base (2), a torsion motor (1) and two shaft part supporting frames (9) which are arranged on the base (2), wherein the two shaft part supporting frames (9) are coaxially arranged with the torsion motor (1), a shaft coupling (7) is connected on a motor shaft of the torsion motor (1), a torsion sensor (8) is connected on the shaft coupling (7), a Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder (4) which is arranged along the Z-axis direction is respectively arranged at two radial sides of each shaft part supporting frame (9) and connected with the Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder, a force-measuring bidirectional sensor (3) is arranged at the front end of each Z-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder (4), an X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder (6) which is arranged along the X-axis direction is respectively arranged at two axial sides between the two shaft part supporting frames (9), the X-axis bidirectional push-pull oil cylinder (6) is connected with the shaft part supporting frame (9) far away from the torsion motor, the base (2) is provided with a Y-axis force application oil cylinder (12) which is arranged along the Y-axis direction corresponding to the two shaft part supporting frames (9) at the lower part of the two shaft part supporting frames respectively, the Y-axis force application oil cylinder (12) is fixed on the base (2) through an oil cylinder support, and the piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder (12) is connected with the bottom end of the corresponding shaft part supporting frame (9) through a connecting rod mechanism.
2. The comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the link mechanism comprises a force application connecting rod I (13) and a force application connecting rod II (14) which are hinged to each other, the piston rod end of the Y-axis force application oil cylinder (12) is hinged to one end of the force application connecting rod I (13), and one end of the force application connecting rod II (14) is hinged to the bottom end of the shaft part supporting frame (9).
3. The comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the coupler (7) is a diaphragm flexible coupler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010200217.2A CN111238789A (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010200217.2A CN111238789A (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111238789A true CN111238789A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010200217.2A Pending CN111238789A (en) | 2020-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | Comprehensive mechanical test device for large-scale shaft parts |
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| CN (1) | CN111238789A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115575114A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-06 | 溧阳市新力机械铸造有限公司 | Strength detection device of motor shaft casting |
-
2020
- 2020-03-20 CN CN202010200217.2A patent/CN111238789A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115575114A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-01-06 | 溧阳市新力机械铸造有限公司 | Strength detection device of motor shaft casting |
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