CN111237732A - Thermoelectric decoupling system and method for gas turbine cogeneration unit - Google Patents
Thermoelectric decoupling system and method for gas turbine cogeneration unit Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
- F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1892—Systems therefor not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heat and power decoupling system for a gas turbine combined heat and power generation unit, which comprises: the system comprises a fused salt heat storage and release system, a waste heat boiler, a chimney, a gas turbine, a turbine medium pressure cylinder, a turbine low pressure cylinder, a generator and a heat consumer. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the high-temperature flue gas generated after the gas turbine generates electricity is used for heating the molten salt for heat storage, so that high energy consumption caused by a direct-fired boiler is avoided, the natural gas consumption is reduced, and the steam cost is reduced; compared with the existing heat accumulating type electric boiler peak regulation technology, the problem of high energy consumption caused by converting high-quality electric power into steam is avoided; the invention does not need to transform a gas turbine and a waste heat boiler, only adds a set of molten salt heat storage and release system, realizes the heat and power decoupling of the gas turbine cogeneration unit, and solves the problem that a direct-fired steam boiler with high energy consumption is forced to be adopted due to the stop of the gas turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat and power decoupling system and a heat and power decoupling method for a gas turbine cogeneration unit, which are mainly suitable for gas turbine cogeneration units with different capacities.
Background
The installed capacity of the combined heat and power generation unit in China reaches 16655 ten thousand kW, accounts for 24.02% of the same-capacity thermal power generating unit, accounts for 17.23% of the total capacity of the generating units in China, most of the combined heat and power generation units are coal-fired heat supply units, and for electricity and heat load centers in cities, the combined heat and power generation units of a gas turbine are gradually adopted, the installed scale exceeds 1200 thousand kW, and the heat supply flow exceeds 1900 t/h. After natural gas enters a gas turbine for power generation, flue gas at 450-620 ℃ is introduced into a waste heat boiler for recovery, generated steam supplies heat to the outside or drives a steam turbine generator unit to generate power, steam is extracted from the middle of a steam turbine for heat supply, the gas turbine cogeneration unit has the advantages of small occupied area, flexible start and stop and the like, the emission amount of dust, ash, SO2 and NOx is extremely small, and the CO2 and water consumption are only 1/2 and 1/3 of a coal-fired unit. The energy-saving and environment-friendly energy-saving energy-.
In 2018, the yield of the Chinese natural gas exceeds 1603 to billion cubic meters, the apparent consumption of the Chinese natural gas reaches 2803 to billion cubic meters, the year-on-year increase is 17.5%, the consumption of the Chinese natural gas increases 190.7 to billion cubic meters in nearly ten years, and the supply gap is continuously enlarged. The natural gas consumption of the whole province in 2018 of coastal areas with more installed capacity of the combined heat and power generation of the gas turbine is increased by more than the national growth rate, for example, 28.6 percent, and the natural gas supply is more tight. At present, onshore natural gas supply on the upper reaches is not light in light seasons, the price is high, the gas price in light seasons still maintains 20% floating level in heating seasons, because the domestic natural gas exploitation amount is limited, the supply is increased mainly by imported LNG, the price of the imported LNG is higher than that of onshore natural gas, and the price level of the gas source in China is increased. At present, the gas turbine cogeneration unit in China has low running hours due to limited gas supply, high gas price and high power generation cost.
Taking coastal areas as an example, the annual operation hours of a heat and power cogeneration unit of a combustion engine are about 2500 hours, the combustion engine basically starts and stops at night in the day, and the load rate of the combustion engine in the day is 70%. The heat supply is generally stopped in 20 days accumulated before and after the year, continuous heat supply is needed in other times, and the heat supply load at night is generally 60-70% of that in the daytime. The annual heating hours are about 5000 hours calculated as the average heating flow. When the gas turbine is stopped, the gas boiler keeps supplying heat to the outside, and the gas boiler needs to operate for 3500 hours all the year round. According to statistics, the gas-steam boiler needs to burn 85Nm3 natural gas per ton of steam, the fuel cost per ton of steam is more than 250 yuan, the natural gas boiler directly burns the natural gas to generate steam, and the natural gas cannot be utilized in a gradient manner.
And the gas turbine cogeneration unit needs 45-50 Nm3 natural gas per ton of steam through cogeneration and cascade utilization. The steam is generated by adopting high-temperature flue gas discharged by a gas turbine as far as possible, and the steam is more beneficial to improving the energy utilization efficiency than the steam generated by directly burning natural gas, so that the energy consumption cost is reduced for the society. Therefore, it is very important to provide a system and a method for decoupling heat and power for a co-generation unit of a combustion engine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a heat and power decoupling system and a method for a gas turbine cogeneration unit.
The heat and power decoupling system for the gas turbine cogeneration unit comprises: the system comprises a fused salt heat storage and release system, a waste heat boiler, a chimney, a gas turbine, a steam turbine medium pressure cylinder, a steam turbine low pressure cylinder, a generator and a heat user; the molten salt heat accumulation and release system comprises a high-temperature molten salt tank, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a low-temperature molten salt tank, a low-temperature molten salt pump, a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger, a deoxygenation water tank, a water pump, a molten salt preheater, a molten salt steam generator and a molten salt steam superheater;
the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump; the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump is connected with the molten salt preheater, the molten salt steam generator and the molten salt steam superheater in sequence; the molten salt preheater is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank; the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump; the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump is connected with the inlet A of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger; an outlet A corresponding to the inlet A on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank;
the outlet of the deoxygenation water tank is connected with the inlet of the water pump; the outlet of the water pump is connected with the molten salt preheater, the molten salt steam generator and the molten salt steam superheater in sequence; the fused salt steam superheater is connected with a heat consumer;
the gas turbine is connected with an inlet B of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger; an outlet B corresponding to the inlet B on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger is connected with a chimney; the gas turbine is also connected with a waste heat boiler; the waste heat boiler is connected with the chimney; the waste heat boiler is also connected with one end of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder; the other end of the steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder is connected with a steam turbine low pressure cylinder; the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is also connected with a generator; the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is also connected with a heat consumer.
Preferably, the molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank is low-melting-point ternary molten salt or composite molten salt.
Preferably, the gas turbine includes a small-sized combustion engine, a medium-sized combustion engine and a large-sized combustion engine; the single machine capacity of the gas turbine is 2 MW-470 MW; the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine is 400-650 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature drop of the high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank is less than or equal to 1.5 ℃ every 24 hours, and the high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank can continuously supply heat for 1-7 days after single heat storage.
Preferably, the deoxygenated water tank stores demineralized water or saturated deoxygenated water for converting steam; the saturated deoxygenated water is deoxygenated water at normal temperature or deoxygenated water after heating.
The operation method of the thermoelectric decoupling system for the gas turbine cogeneration unit comprises the following steps:
step 2, when the gas turbine cogeneration unit stops running, the molten salt heat storage and release system is adjusted to a heat release mode, desalted water or saturated deoxygenated water is extracted from the deoxygenation water tank and is boosted by a water pump, and then the desalted water or the saturated deoxygenated water is heated by high-temperature molten salt in a molten salt preheater, a molten salt steam generator and a molten salt steam superheater to generate phase change; the high-temperature molten salt releases heat to convert desalted water or saturated deoxygenated water into superheated steam; the generated superheated steam is supplied to the user using heat.
Preferably, after the molten salt heat accumulation and release system in the step 1 is adjusted to a heat release mode, the natural gas is saved by 40-50% per ton of steam.
Preferably, the water pump in step 2 is used for pressurization, the outlet pressure of the water pump is determined by the pressure of the heating steam, and the outlet pressure of the water pump is higher than the pressure of the heating steam.
Preferably, when the gas turbine cogeneration unit in the step 2 is stopped, the intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the generator and the exhaust-heat boiler are all stopped.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the high-temperature flue gas generated after the gas turbine generates electricity is used for heating the molten salt for heat storage, so that high energy consumption caused by a direct-fired boiler is avoided, the natural gas consumption is reduced, and the steam cost is reduced.
(2) Compared with the existing heat accumulating type electric boiler peak regulation technology, the problem of high energy consumption caused by the fact that high-quality electric power is converted into steam is solved.
(3) The invention does not need to transform a gas turbine and a waste heat boiler, only adds a set of molten salt heat storage and release system, realizes the heat and power decoupling of the gas turbine cogeneration unit, and solves the problem that a direct-fired steam boiler with high energy consumption is forced to be adopted due to the stop of the gas turbine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a heat and power decoupling system for a gas turbine cogeneration unit.
Description of reference numerals: the system comprises a high-temperature molten salt tank 1, a high-temperature molten salt pump 2, a low-temperature molten salt tank 3, a low-temperature molten salt pump 4, a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5, a deoxygenation water tank 6, a water pump 7, a molten salt preheater 8, a molten salt steam generator 9, a molten salt steam superheater 10, a waste heat boiler 11, a chimney 12, a gas turbine 13, a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 14, a turbine low pressure cylinder 15, a generator 16 and a heat user 17.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention aims to fully utilize the efficient and economic operation capacity of the gas turbine cogeneration unit, reduce the starting of a direct-fired steam boiler caused by the stop of the gas turbine as much as possible, improve the energy utilization level and reduce the steam cost.
The invention discloses a heat and power decoupling technology and a heat and power decoupling system based on a gas turbine cogeneration unit, which aim to improve the peak regulation capacity of the gas turbine cogeneration unit or improve the heat supply economy and safety.
The heat and power decoupling system for the gas turbine cogeneration unit comprises: the system comprises a fused salt heat accumulation and release system, a waste heat boiler 11, a chimney 12, a gas turbine 13, a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 14, a turbine low pressure cylinder 15, a generator 16 and a heat user 17; the molten salt heat storage and release system comprises a high-temperature molten salt tank 1, a high-temperature molten salt pump 2, a low-temperature molten salt tank 3, a low-temperature molten salt pump 4, a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5, a deoxygenation water tank 6, a water pump 7, a molten salt preheater 8, a molten salt steam generator 9 and a molten salt steam superheater 10;
the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 1 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 2; the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 2 is connected with a molten salt preheater 8, a molten salt steam generator 9 and a molten salt steam superheater 10 in sequence according to the molten salt steam superheater 10, the molten salt steam generator 9 and the molten salt preheater 8; the molten salt preheater 8 is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3; the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump 4; the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump 4 is connected with the inlet A of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5; an outlet A corresponding to the inlet A on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 1;
the outlet of the deoxygenation water tank 6 is connected with the inlet of a water pump 7; an outlet of the water pump 7 is connected with a molten salt preheater 8, a molten salt steam generator 9 and a molten salt steam superheater 10 in sequence according to the molten salt preheater 8, the molten salt steam generator 9 and the molten salt steam superheater 10; the fused salt steam superheater 10 is connected with a heat user 17;
the gas turbine 13 is connected with an inlet B of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5; an outlet B corresponding to the inlet B on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger 5 is connected with a chimney 12; the gas turbine 13 is also connected with the waste heat boiler 11; the waste heat boiler 11 is connected with a chimney 12; the waste heat boiler 11 is also connected with one end of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 14; the other end of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 14 is connected with a turbine low pressure cylinder 15; the steam turbine low-pressure cylinder 15 is also connected with a generator 16; the turbine low pressure cylinder 15 is also connected to a heat consumer 17.
The molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank 1 and the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is low-melting-point ternary molten salt or composite molten salt.
The gas turbine 13 includes a small-sized combustion engine, a medium-sized combustion engine and a large-sized combustion engine; the single-machine capacity of the gas turbine 13 is 2 MW-470 MW; the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine 13 is 400 to 650 ℃.
The temperature drop of the high-temperature molten salt tank 1 and the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is less than or equal to 1.5 ℃ every 24 hours, and the high-temperature molten salt tank 1 and the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 can continuously supply heat for 1-7 days after single heat storage.
The deoxygenation water tank 6 stores demineralized water or saturated deoxygenated water for converting steam; the saturated deoxygenated water is deoxygenated water at normal temperature or deoxygenated water after heating.
Example (b):
taking a 9F gas turbine unit as an example, the generating power is 340MW under the rated working condition, the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the gas turbine is 604 ℃, the flow rate of the flue gas is 2355t/h, the enthalpy value of the high-temperature flue gas is 653kJ/kg, the rated heat supply flow rate is 100t/h, the heat supply parameters are 1.7MPa and 260 ℃, the enthalpy value of steam is 3010kJ/kg, a set of heat storage and peak regulation system for heating the molten salt by the flue gas of the gas turbine with the capacity of 950MWh is designed, the single steam yield of the system is 1200t, and the steam is merged into an industrial steam supply.
The heat exchange area of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger is 1800 square meters, the molten salt steam generator is 1200 square meters, the molten salt steam superheater is 60 square meters, the design flow rate of the low-temperature and high-temperature molten salt pump is 650t/h, the design flow rate of the water pump is 100t/h, the design lift is 80m, the radius of the low-temperature and high-temperature molten salt tank is 8m, the height of the low-temperature and high-temperature molten salt tank is 12m, the molten salt is 3000t, the floor area of the whole system is 600 square meters, and the.
A heat storage process: the high-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 604 ℃ is led to a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger from the outlet of the combustion engine at the flow rate of 500 tons per hour, the flow rate of the flue gas accounts for 23 percent of the total flow rate, and the heat storage time is determined according to the running time of the combustion engine. The 130 ℃ low-temperature molten salt is conveyed to a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger from a low-temperature molten salt tank through a low-temperature molten salt pump at a flow rate of 650 tons per hour to exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas discharged by a combustion engine, the molten salt is heated to 420 ℃ and stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger is reduced to 110 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged outside through an original chimney.
Heat release flow: the high-temperature molten salt with the temperature of 420 ℃ is conveyed to the molten salt steam superheater 10, the molten salt steam generator 9 and the molten salt preheater 8 from the high-temperature molten salt tank through the high-temperature molten salt pump at the flow rate of 600 tons per hour, 20-100 t/h of saturated deoxygenated water is led out from the water outlet of the deoxygenation water tank and is heated by the molten salt to generate steam with the temperature of 1.7MPa and 260 ℃, and the generated steam with the temperature of 20-100 t/h is supplied to a hot user.
The system has the advantages that the single steam yield of 1200 tons, the rated steam yield of 100t/h and the minimum steam yield of 20t/h, the temperature of the molten salt heat storage tank is reduced by 1 ℃ every 24h, the single heat storage can be continuously used for 3-5 days, the consumption of natural gas per ton of steam is reduced by 40m3 compared with a direct-fired steam boiler, the price of natural gas per m3 is calculated according to 3 yuan, the heat release efficiency of the molten salt heat storage is calculated according to 95%, 114 yuan can be reduced per ton of steam, 4104 ten thousand yuan can be reduced per year, the investment can be recovered within 2 years, and the economic and social benefits are obvious.
Claims (9)
1. A decoupling system of heat and electricity for a gas turbine cogeneration unit, comprising: the system comprises a fused salt heat storage and release system, a waste heat boiler (11), a chimney (12), a gas turbine (13), a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (14), a turbine low pressure cylinder (15), a generator (16) and a heat user (17); the molten salt heat storage and release system comprises a high-temperature molten salt tank (1), a high-temperature molten salt pump (2), a low-temperature molten salt tank (3), a low-temperature molten salt pump (4), a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5), a deoxygenation water tank (6), a water pump (7), a molten salt preheater (8), a molten salt steam generator (9) and a molten salt steam superheater (10);
the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank (1) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump (2); the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump (2) is connected with a molten salt preheater (8), a molten salt steam generator (9) and a molten salt steam superheater (10) in sequence according to the molten salt steam superheater (10), the molten salt steam generator (9) and the molten salt preheater (8); the molten salt preheater (8) is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank (3); the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump (4); the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt pump (4) is connected with the inlet A of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5); an outlet A corresponding to the inlet A on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank (1);
the outlet of the deoxygenation water tank (6) is connected with the inlet of a water pump (7); an outlet of the water pump (7) is connected with the molten salt preheater (8), the molten salt steam generator (9) and the molten salt steam superheater (10) in sequence according to the molten salt preheater (8), the molten salt steam generator (9) and the molten salt steam superheater (10); a heat user (17) for connecting the molten salt steam superheater (10);
the gas turbine (13) is connected with an inlet B of the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5); an outlet B corresponding to the inlet B on the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5) is connected with a chimney (12); the gas turbine (13) is also connected with a waste heat boiler (11); the waste heat boiler (11) is connected with the chimney (12); the waste heat boiler (11) is also connected with one end of a steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (14); the other end of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (14) is connected with a turbine low pressure cylinder (15); the steam turbine low pressure cylinder (15) is also connected with a generator (16); the low-pressure cylinder (15) of the steam turbine is also connected with a heat consumer (17).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank (1) and the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is ternary molten salt or composite molten salt with low melting point.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the gas turbine (13) comprises a small-sized combustion engine, a medium-sized combustion engine and a large-sized combustion engine; the single-machine capacity of the gas turbine (13) is 2 MW-470 MW; the exhaust gas temperature of the gas turbine (13) is 400-650 ℃.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the temperature drop of the high-temperature molten salt tank (1) and the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is less than or equal to 1.5 ℃ every 24 hours, and the high-temperature molten salt tank (1) and the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) can continuously supply heat for 1-7 days after single heat storage.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: the deoxygenation water tank (6) stores demineralized water or saturated deoxygenated water for converting steam; the saturated deoxygenated water is deoxygenated water at normal temperature or deoxygenated water after heating.
6. A method of operating a decoupling system for a co-generation unit of a combustion engine as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
step 1, when a gas turbine cogeneration unit operates, a molten salt heat storage and release system is adjusted to a heat storage mode, high-temperature flue gas is pumped out from a smoke exhaust pipeline of a gas turbine (13) to a flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5) to heat molten salt in a low-temperature molten salt tank (3), and the heated molten salt is stored in a high-temperature molten salt tank (1); the flue gas heated by the flue gas molten salt heat exchanger (5) is discharged through a chimney (12); because the high-temperature flue gas entering the waste heat boiler (11) is reduced, the power generation load of the power generator (16) is reduced, and the reduced power generation load is balanced by improving the power generation load of the gas turbine (13);
step 2, when the gas turbine cogeneration unit stops running, the molten salt heat storage and release system is adjusted to a heat release mode, desalted water or saturated deoxygenated water is extracted from the deoxygenation water tank (6) and is boosted through the water pump (7), and then the desalted water or the saturated deoxygenated water is heated by high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt preheater (8), the molten salt steam generator (9) and the molten salt steam superheater (10) to generate phase change; the high-temperature molten salt releases heat to convert desalted water or saturated deoxygenated water into superheated steam; the generated superheated steam is supplied to a user (17) using heat.
7. Method of operating a decoupling system of heat and power for a gas turbine cogeneration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: and (2) after the molten salt heat storage and release system in the step 1 is adjusted to a heat release mode, saving natural gas by 40-50% for each ton of steam.
8. Method of operating a decoupling system of heat and power for a gas turbine cogeneration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: and 2, the water pump (7) is used for pressurizing, the outlet pressure of the water pump (7) is determined by the heat supply steam pressure, and the outlet pressure of the water pump (7) is higher than the heat supply steam pressure.
9. Method of operating a decoupling system of heat and power for a gas turbine cogeneration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: and 2, when the gas turbine cogeneration unit is stopped, stopping the operation of the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder (14), the turbine low pressure cylinder (15), the generator (16) and the waste heat boiler (11).
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| CN112984485A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-18 | 华能江阴燃机热电有限责任公司 | Cogeneration low-temperature waste heat storage system |
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