CN111237146A - Geothermal branch well constant temperature difference power generation system - Google Patents
Geothermal branch well constant temperature difference power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237146A CN111237146A CN202010037029.2A CN202010037029A CN111237146A CN 111237146 A CN111237146 A CN 111237146A CN 202010037029 A CN202010037029 A CN 202010037029A CN 111237146 A CN111237146 A CN 111237146A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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Abstract
The invention provides a geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system which comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein the main shaft sleeve penetrates through an overburden stratum and a high-temperature geothermal rock stratum; a plurality of branch wells are distributed on the side wall of the main shaft casing, and a main shaft gathering and transmitting cable is arranged in the main shaft casing; a constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group is arranged in each branch well and is connected with a main shaft gathering and transmission cable through a wiring branch well male joint and a main shaft cable female joint; the bottom of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is seated on the inner wall of the main shaft sleeve to ensure that the main shaft gathering and transmission cable is in a straightening state; the top is connected with a ground power collection and transmission control center; the ground power collection and transmission control center is networked with an external power transmission grid. The invention has simple and feasible design, can improve the utilization of geothermal resources to the maximum extent by adopting the branch wells, provides stable electric energy supply, and realizes the underground thermoelectric power generation because each branch well section does not influence each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geothermal power generation, and particularly relates to a geothermal branch well constant temperature difference power generation system.
Background
Huge heat energy is stored in the earth, and the heat energy is about 5 ten thousand times of the energy of global oil and gas resources. With the gradual shortage of traditional fossil energy, geothermal resources are taken as clean energy with huge reserves, no pollution and reproducibility, meet the requirements of the modern industrial society, pay more and more attention to the development and utilization research of geothermal resources, and become hot spots for the development and research of new energy.
The primary development and utilization mode of geothermal resources is well drilling. With the continuous development of the capacity of drilling equipment, the development depth and the development width of geothermal heat, the drilling depth of a geothermal well generally reaches more than kilometers, and geothermal resources with higher grade can be obtained only by drilling three or four kilometers in many areas, so that the construction cost is higher.
Geothermal power generation is the most important way of geothermal utilization. The geothermal power generation mode mainly comprises two main types of steam type geothermal power generation and hot water type geothermal power generation, the steam type geothermal power generation mode is simple, but dry steam geothermal resources are very limited, more electric energy needs to be consumed for the hot water type geothermal power generation, and the investment is larger. In recent years, the technology and process for manufacturing thermoelectric power generation materials are continuously improved, and the thermoelectric power generation technology is gradually increased. The thermoelectric power generation material generates power by utilizing the Seebeck effect principle, and when different temperatures are applied to two sides of a thermoelectric power generation unit consisting of an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor, electromotive force is generated between the thermoelectric power generation units, so that heat energy is directly converted into electric energy. In the power generation process of the temperature difference power generation material, the output power of the temperature difference power generation device is increased along with the increase of the temperature difference. Generally, the geothermal thermal fluid or heat source is relatively stable in temperature, so the best way to increase the temperature difference is to reduce the cold end face temperature of the thermoelectric power generation device.
The application number 201610496310.6 of Chinese patent application discloses a formation self-cold-source type hot dry rock thermoelectric power generation system, wherein the part of a thermoelectric power generation module, which is in contact with a bare hot dry rock reservoir, is a high-temperature hot end, the part of the underground thermoelectric power generation module, which is in direct contact with a shaft, is a low-temperature cold end, and the underground thermoelectric power generation module, an anode lead, a ground load and a cathode lead are sequentially connected to form a closed circuit. The invention does not occupy extra ground area, but has low power generation capacity and power generation efficiency.
The Chinese patent application with the application number of 201810524089.X discloses a U-shaped pipe heat exchange closed circulation underground thermoelectric power generation system, wherein a part of cold fluid is shunted to enter an oil sleeve annular flow channel under the action of an underground shunt, and the temperature of the part of cold fluid can be gradually increased in the rising process; and the other part of cold fluid continuously flows downwards to enter the U-shaped pipe heat exchanger, and after the heat transferred by the formation hot fluid is absorbed, the temperature is increased to become circulating hot fluid and flow out of the ground. The thermoelectric power generation module generates electric energy under the action of temperature difference, and the electric energy is input into the electric energy output module through the connection cable. The invention can realize stable power supply, but more power is consumed by increasing the temperature difference in a water cooling mode, and the investment is larger.
The chinese patent application No. 201810524090.2 discloses a twin-well closed cycle downhole thermoelectric power generation system and method, which does not affect the subsequent utilization of produced fluid, but needs to drill a wellbore a and a wellbore B in the same stratum at the same time, so that the development cost is high, only medium and low temperature geothermal resources can be utilized, and the utilization rate of geothermal resources is not high.
Therefore, a geothermal power generation system which can fully utilize geothermal resources, consumes less electric energy, has high power generation efficiency and provides stable electric energy supply is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system, the design of the invention does not need to inject fluid as the cold end surface of the temperature difference power generation, the power generation efficiency is improved directly through a constant temperature difference power generation system, the spiral distributed multilateral well can improve the utilization of geothermal resources to the maximum extent, reduce the number of development wells, reduce the development cost, provide stable power supply, and has simple and feasible design, simple and convenient field operation and proper floor space.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein the main shaft sleeve penetrates through an overburden stratum and a high-temperature geothermal rock stratum;
a plurality of branch wells are distributed on the side wall of the main shaft casing, and a main shaft gathering and transmitting cable is arranged in the main shaft casing; a constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group is arranged in each branch well and is connected with a main shaft gathering and transmission cable through a wiring branch well male joint and a main shaft cable female joint;
the bottom of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is seated on the inner wall of the main shaft sleeve to ensure that the main shaft gathering and transmission cable is in a straightening state;
the top is connected with a ground power collection and transmission control center; the ground power collection and transmission control center is networked with an external power transmission grid.
The constant temperature difference generating cylinder group comprises a plurality of thermoelectric generating cylinders, each thermoelectric generating cylinder comprises an outer cylinder, each outer cylinder is a closed cylinder, and the outer cylinders are provided with male connectors and female connectors which can be sequentially connected to form the constant temperature difference generating cylinder group;
one end of the thermoelectric generation cylinder is a cable male joint, and the other end of the thermoelectric generation cylinder is a cable female joint;
the outer cylinder is also internally provided with a low-temperature liquid cylinder, and the outer cylinder and the low-temperature liquid cylinder have the same axial lead; a thermoelectric power generation module and a thermoelectric refrigeration module are arranged in an annular cavity between the outer cylinder and the low-temperature liquid cylinder; the thermoelectric refrigeration modules and the thermoelectric power generation modules are alternately arranged in sequence and are isolated by the isolation blocks; the area of the thermoelectric power generation module is larger than that of the thermoelectric refrigeration module;
the low-temperature liquid cylinder is of a sealing structure, and the outer wall of the low-temperature liquid cylinder is connected with the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric power generation chip and also connected with the thermoelectric refrigeration module;
a certain gap is formed between the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group and the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum, and heat-conducting liquid is filled in the gap.
The thermoelectric power generation module comprises a plurality of thermoelectric power generation chips, and the thermoelectric power generation chip group comprises a power generation hot end insulated heated component, a power generation hot end metal conductor group, a power generation cold end insulated heat release component, a power generation module cathode, a power generation module anode and a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group; the power generation hot end insulated heated component is in close contact with the outer cylinder, and the power generation cold end insulated heat release component is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid cylinder; the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is formed by alternately and pairwise arranging a plurality of groups of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors; one end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is arranged in the power generation hot end insulated heated component, and the other end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is arranged in the power generation cold end insulated heat release component; in the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group, the cold end of an N-type semiconductor of the first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is externally connected with the negative electrode of the power generation module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor hot end and the P-type semiconductor hot end of the first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group are connected through a first conductor in the power generation hot end metal conductor group; the cold ends of the P-type semiconductors of the first group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are connected with the cold ends of the N-type semiconductors of the second group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups through a first conductor of the power generation cold end metal conductor group; connecting the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor into a series structure according to the cyclic connection; and the cold ends of the P-type semiconductors of the last group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are externally connected with the anode of the power generation module through a lead.
The thermoelectric refrigeration module comprises a refrigeration chip group, wherein the refrigeration chip group comprises a refrigeration hot end insulated heated component, a refrigeration hot end metal conductor group, a refrigeration cold end insulated heat-releasing component, a refrigeration module cathode, a refrigeration module anode and a thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group; the refrigeration hot end insulated heated component is in close contact with the outer cylinder, and the refrigeration cold end insulated heat release component is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid cylinder; the thermoelectric cooling semiconductor group is formed by arranging a group of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors in pairs alternately; one end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group is arranged in the refrigeration hot end insulated heated component, and the other end is arranged in the refrigeration cold end insulated heat release component; in the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group, the N-type semiconductor hot end is externally connected with the anode of the refrigeration module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor cold end and the P-type semiconductor cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group are connected through a refrigeration cold end metal conductor group; the P-type semiconductor hot end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group is externally connected with the negative electrode of the refrigeration module through a lead.
The positive pole of the power generation module of the thermoelectric power generation module is externally connected with the positive pole of the refrigeration module of the thermoelectric refrigeration module through a lead, and the negative pole of the power generation module of the thermoelectric power generation module is externally connected with the negative pole of the refrigeration module of the thermoelectric refrigeration module through a lead.
The main shaft cable female joint is connected to the main shaft gathering and transporting cable through an upper joint and a lower joint; the side interface wiring branch well male joint.
The branch and the main well form an included angle of 30-60 degrees; the lateral wells are distributed around the main well in a spiral manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the underground geothermal multi-branch well mode is adopted to realize underground heat taking and power generation, and potential environmental problems in the traditional geothermal production process are avoided.
2. The geothermal multilateral well is formed by 1 straight well casing well cementation main shaft and n spirally distributed inclined open hole multilateral wells along the petroleum engineering drilling technology, can improve the utilization of geothermal resources to the maximum extent, does not occupy extra ground area, reduces the cost of ground power generation devices, reduces the number of developed wells and reduces the development cost.
3. The constant temperature difference power generation subsystem comprises a constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group and a geothermal rock stratum in n branch well bores, wherein the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group mainly comprises a thermoelectric power generation module, a thermoelectric refrigeration module and a low-temperature liquid cylinder, constant temperature difference is generated between high-temperature geothermal energy and low-temperature liquid in the branch well bores, the interaction conversion of electric energy and cold energy can be stably realized, pollution is avoided, the service life is long, and the control is easy.
4. The main shaft gathering and transmission cable subsystem is connected with all the branch well power generation subsystems and transmits electric energy to the ground electric energy gathering and transmission control center, so that each branch well section forms a closed thermoelectric power generation subsystem, geothermal resources can be fully utilized, stable electric energy supply is provided, and mutual influence is avoided.
In conclusion, the design of the invention is simple and feasible, the utilization of geothermal resources can be improved to the maximum extent by adopting the branch wells, stable electric energy supply is provided, and each branch well section does not influence each other, thereby realizing underground thermoelectric power generation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the main well of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the thermoelectric flashlight of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a thermoelectric generation module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a thermoelectric cooling module of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multilateral well cable joint according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system comprises a main shaft casing 3, wherein the main shaft casing 3 penetrates through an overburden 1 and a high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2;
a plurality of branch wells are distributed on the side wall of the main shaft casing 3, and a main shaft gathering and transmitting cable 4 is arranged in the main shaft casing 3; a constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group 6 is arranged in each branch well, and the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group 6 is connected with the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 through a wiring branch well male connector 7 and a main shaft cable female connector 5;
the bottom of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is provided with a clamping mechanism 10, and the clamping mechanism 10 is seated on the inner wall of the main shaft casing 3, so that the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is in a straightened state;
the top is connected with a ground power collection and transmission control center 11; the ground power collection and transmission control center 11 is networked with the external power transmission grid 13.
The high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2 is buried by thousands of meters, the overlying stratum 1 is a heat insulation layer such as sedimentary rock or soil covered from the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2 to the ground surface, and the stratum temperature is gradually reduced from bottom to top and is lower than the reservoir temperature of the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2. And forming a main shaft by a drilling mode, cementing the well by a casing 3, and forming an open hole section of the branch well by a windowing sidetracking drilling mode or a hydraulic jet drilling mode. The diameter of the well hole of the branch well is about 80-200mm according to the drilling hole forming mode, the length of the well hole is about 20-200m, and the axis of the branch well hole and the main well hole form an included angle of 30-60 degrees, so that the constant temperature difference generator set 6 can smoothly enter the branch well hole under the action of self weight. The branch well bores are distributed in a spiral mode, and geothermal stratum energy sources are developed to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 3, the constant temperature difference generator set 6 includes a plurality of thermoelectric generators, each thermoelectric generator includes an outer cylinder 105, the outer cylinder 105 is a closed cylinder, the outer cylinder 105 is provided with a male connector 107 and a female connector 106, which can be sequentially connected to form the constant temperature difference generator set 6;
one end of the thermoelectric generation cylinder is provided with a cable male connector 108, and the other end is provided with a cable female connector 109;
the constant temperature difference generating cylinder group 6 is composed of a plurality of thermoelectric generating cylinders, each thermoelectric generating cylinder is 10m long and cylindrical, the diameter of each thermoelectric generating cylinder can be 80-200mm according to needs, each thermoelectric generating cylinder is independent closed assembling equipment, and the thermoelectric generating cylinder group with the length of about 200m can be connected in series.
The outer cylinder 105 is made of high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, so that the outer cylinder 105 is prevented from being corroded by liquid in the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2; the outer cylinder 105 is also internally provided with a low-temperature liquid cylinder 101, and the outer cylinder 105 and the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101 have the same axial lead; a thermoelectric power generation module 102 and a thermoelectric refrigeration module 103 are arranged in an annular cavity between the outer cylinder 105 and the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101; the thermoelectric refrigeration modules 103 and the thermoelectric power generation modules 102 are alternately arranged in sequence and are isolated by the isolation blocks 104; the area of the thermoelectric generation module 102 is larger than that of the thermoelectric cooling module 103; the power generation energy is far greater than the refrigeration energy, the interactive transformation of the electric energy and the cold energy can be stably realized, the pollution cannot be caused, the service life is long, and the control is easy.
The low-temperature liquid cylinder 101 is a sealing structure, and the outer wall of the low-temperature liquid cylinder is connected with the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric generation chip 102 and also connected with the thermoelectric refrigeration module 103;
a certain gap is formed between the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group 6 and the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2, and heat conducting liquid is filled in the gap, so that the collapse of the wall of a geothermal well can be avoided on the one hand, and heat can be conducted on the other hand, and high temperature is transferred to the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group 6.
The constant temperature difference generating set group 6 is sequentially sent into the corresponding branch well holes from the bottom according to the well design scheme, connection with the main well shaft gathering and transporting cable 4 is waited, meanwhile, due to the formation of temperature difference, the constant temperature difference generating set group 6 starts generating electricity and is completely used for refrigerating the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101, the temperature of the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101 is lower, the temperature difference formed by the constant temperature difference generating set group 6 is larger, and the generating energy is more as the time that the constant temperature difference generating set group 6 does not output in the well is longer.
As shown in fig. 4, the thermoelectric power generation module 102 includes a plurality of thermoelectric power generation chips, and the thermoelectric power generation chip set includes a power generation hot-side insulated heated component 201, a power generation hot-side metal conductor set 202, a power generation cold-side metal conductor set 203, a power generation cold-side insulated heat-releasing component 204, a power generation module cathode 205, a power generation module anode 206, and a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor set 207; the power generation hot end insulated heating component 201 is tightly contacted with the outer cylinder 105, and the power generation cold end insulated heat release component 204 is directly contacted with the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101; the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group 207 is formed by arranging a plurality of groups of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors in pairs alternately; one end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group 207 is arranged in the power generation hot end insulating and heating component 201, and the other end is arranged in the power generation cold end insulating and heat releasing component 204; in the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group 207, the cold end of the N-type semiconductor of the first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is externally connected with the negative electrode 205 of the power generation module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor hot end and the P-type semiconductor hot end of the first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group are connected through a first conductor in the power generation hot end metal conductor group 202; the cold ends of the P-type semiconductors of the first group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are connected with the cold ends of the N-type semiconductors of the second group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups through a first conductor of the power generation cold-end metal conductor group 203; connecting the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor into a series structure according to the cyclic connection; the P-type semiconductor cold ends of the last group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are externally connected with the anode 206 of the power generation module through wires.
As shown in fig. 5, the thermoelectric refrigeration module 103 includes a refrigeration chip group, where the refrigeration chip group includes a refrigeration hot-end insulated heated component 301, a refrigeration hot-end metal conductor group 302, a refrigeration cold-end metal conductor group 303, a refrigeration cold-end insulated heat-releasing component 304, a refrigeration module cathode 306, a refrigeration module anode 305, and a thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group 307; the refrigerating hot end insulating and heating component 301 is in close contact with the outer cylinder 105, and the refrigerating cold end insulating and heat-releasing component 304 is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101; the thermoelectric cooling semiconductor group 307 is formed by arranging a group of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors in an alternating and paired manner; one end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group 307 is arranged in the refrigeration hot-end insulated heated component 301, and the other end is arranged in the refrigeration cold-end insulated heat-releasing component 304; in the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group 307, the hot end of an N-type semiconductor is externally connected with the anode 305 of the refrigeration module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor cold end and the P-type semiconductor cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group 307 are connected through a refrigeration cold end metal conductor group 303; the P-type semiconductor hot end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group 307 is externally connected with the refrigeration module cathode 306 through a lead.
The power generation module anode 206 of the thermoelectric power generation module 102 is externally connected with the refrigeration module anode 305 of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 103 through a wire, and the power generation module cathode 205 of the thermoelectric power generation module 102 is externally connected with the refrigeration module cathode 306 of the thermoelectric refrigeration module 103 through a wire.
The thermoelectric refrigeration module 103 continuously generates cold energy under the supply of stable electric energy, and the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101 can continuously refrigerate; meanwhile, the thermoelectric generation module 102 continuously generates electric energy at a constant temperature difference, and the generated energy is much larger than the refrigeration energy.
As shown in fig. 6, the main wellbore cable box 5 is connected to the main wellbore gathering cable 4 through an upper joint 401 and a lower joint 402; the side interface 403 connects the lateral male connector 7.
The underground robot picks up the male connector 7 of the branch well and sends the male connector into the female connector 5 of the main shaft cable, when the male connector is meshed with the female connector, the anti-drop clamping mechanism of the female connector is automatically locked, and the locking mechanism can be controlled by the underground robot to be unlocked. Meanwhile, the joint has the function of controlling electric energy input or feedback, can detect the power generation state of the branch well, and can suspend collecting electric energy once the power generation efficiency of the branch well is low.
A plurality of main shaft cable joint mechanisms consisting of a main shaft cable female joint 5 and a branch shaft male joint 7 are connected in series and are put into a preset well depth after being assembled on the ground, a power supply of the main shaft cable is connected, a clamping mechanism 10 at the bottom of the main shaft cable is controlled to be seated on the inner wall of a main shaft sleeve 3, the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is in a straightening state by lifting the cable, the bending and breaking of the shaft bottom cable are avoided, and the main shaft cable female joint 5 and the branch shaft male joint 7 are favorably positioned and connected in a matching mode.
The working principle of the system is as follows:
the main shaft of the geothermal multilateral well 12 is formed in a drilling mode, a main shaft casing 33 is sleeved for well cementation, and a open hole section of the multilateral well is formed in a windowing sidetracking or hydraulic jet drilling mode. The constant temperature difference generating cylinder group 6 is sequentially sent into corresponding branch well bores from the bottom, and the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum 2 provides a heat source for the thermoelectric generating module 102 and becomes a high-temperature hot end of the thermoelectric generating module 102. The refrigerant liquid in the low-temperature liquid cylinder 101 provides a cold source for the thermoelectric power generation module 102, and becomes a low-temperature cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 102. The thermoelectric generation module 102 generates electric power by a temperature difference between the temperature of the refrigerant liquid of the low temperature liquid drum 101 and the temperature of the high temperature geothermal rock layer 2. Most of the power is delivered to the main shaft gathering cable 4 and a small portion of the power is delivered to the adjacent thermoelectric cooling module 103 for continuous cooling of the cryogenic liquid drum 101. And a plurality of main shaft cable joint mechanisms are connected in series and are arranged at the preset well depth after being assembled on the ground, the power supply of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is connected, the clamping mechanism 10 at the bottom of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is controlled to be seated on the inner wall of the main shaft casing 3, and the main shaft gathering and transmission cable 4 is pulled and is in a straightening state. And (3) descending a downhole robot from a wellhead, picking up and matching and installing the branch well male connector 7 from the bottommost branch well into the main shaft cable female connector 5 and locking. And each branch well male joint 7 is sequentially and respectively installed to the main shaft collecting and transmitting cable 4, so that the electric energy of the constant temperature difference generating set group 6 of the branch well is transmitted to the main shaft collecting and transmitting cable 4, collected to the ground collecting and transmitting control center 11 and boosted to the external power transmission network 13.
In conclusion, the geothermal branch well adopted by the invention does not occupy extra ground area, reduces the cost of a ground power generation device, reduces the number of development wells, reduces the development cost, greatly reduces the early investment and the later maintenance cost, has simple operation in the whole process, low engineering difficulty and small dependence degree on the environment, and can improve the utilization of geothermal resources to the maximum extent.
The constant-temperature-difference power generation cylinder set combines the thermoelectric power generation module and the thermoelectric refrigeration module, utilizes the high-performance thermoelectric power generation module to fully develop geothermal resources, simultaneously ensures the temperature difference between two ends of the thermoelectric power generation module based on the thermoelectric refrigeration module without additionally injecting cold fluid, can realize the direct conversion from heat energy to electric energy, improves the power generation efficiency, and has great application potential and development prospect.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the components in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be correspondingly changed in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The components of the above embodiments may be combined into one component, or may be further divided into a plurality of sub-components.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system is characterized by comprising a main well casing (3) in a main well, wherein the main well casing (3) penetrates through an overburden (1) and a high-temperature geothermal rock stratum (2);
a plurality of branch wells are distributed on the side wall of the main shaft casing (3), and a main shaft gathering and transmission cable (4) is arranged in the main shaft casing (3); a constant-temperature difference power generation cylinder group (6) is arranged in each branch well, and the constant-temperature difference power generation cylinder group (6) is connected with a main shaft gathering and transmission cable (4) through a wiring branch well male joint (7) and a main shaft cable female joint (5);
the bottom of the main shaft gathering and transmission cable (4) is provided with a clamping mechanism (10), and the clamping mechanism (10) is seated on the inner wall of the main shaft casing (3) to ensure that the main shaft gathering and transmission cable (4) is in a straightened state;
the top is connected with a ground power collection and transmission control center (11); the ground power collection and transmission control center (11) is connected with an external power transmission grid (13) in a network.
2. The geothermal branch well constant temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the constant temperature difference power generation barrel group (6) comprises a plurality of temperature difference power generation barrels, each temperature difference power generation barrel comprises an outer barrel (105), the outer barrel (105) is a closed cylinder, the outer barrel (105) is provided with a male connector (107) and a female connector (106), and the male connector and the female connector can be sequentially connected to form the constant temperature difference power generation barrel group (6);
one end of the thermoelectric generation cylinder is a cable male joint (108), and the other end is a cable female joint (109);
a low-temperature liquid cylinder (101) is also arranged in the outer cylinder (105), and the outer cylinder (105) and the low-temperature liquid cylinder (101) have the same axial lead; a thermoelectric power generation module (102) and a thermoelectric refrigeration module (103) are arranged in an annular cavity between the outer cylinder (105) and the low-temperature liquid cylinder (101); the thermoelectric refrigeration modules (103) and the thermoelectric power generation modules (102) are alternately arranged in sequence and are isolated by the isolation blocks (104); the area of the thermoelectric power generation module (102) is larger than that of the thermoelectric cooling module (103);
the low-temperature liquid cylinder (101) is of a sealing structure, and the outer wall of the low-temperature liquid cylinder is connected with the low-temperature end of the thermoelectric generation chip (102) and also connected with the thermoelectric refrigeration module (103);
a certain gap is formed between the constant temperature difference power generation cylinder group (6) and the high-temperature geothermal rock stratum (2), and heat-conducting liquid is filled in the gap.
3. The geothermal multilateral well constant-temperature-difference power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the thermoelectric power generation module (102) comprises a plurality of thermoelectric power generation chips, and the thermoelectric power generation chip group comprises a power generation hot-end insulated heated component (201), a power generation hot-end metal conductor group (202), a power generation cold-end metal conductor group (203), a power generation cold-end insulated heat-releasing component (204), a power generation module cathode (205), a power generation module anode (206) and a thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group (207); the power generation hot end insulated heating component (201) is in close contact with the outer cylinder (105), and the power generation cold end insulated heat release component (204) is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid cylinder (101); the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group (207) is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of groups of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors in pairs; one end of the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group (207) is arranged in the power generation hot end insulating and heating component (201), and the other end is arranged in the power generation cold end insulating and heat releasing component (204); in the thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group (207), the cold end of an N-type semiconductor of a first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group is externally connected with the negative electrode (205) of the power generation module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor hot end and the P-type semiconductor hot end of the first thermoelectric power generation semiconductor group are connected through a first conductor in the power generation hot end metal conductor group (202); the cold ends of the P-type semiconductors of the first group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are connected with the cold ends of the N-type semiconductors of the second group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups through a first conductor of a power generation cold end metal conductor group (203); connecting the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor into a series structure according to the cyclic connection; the P-type semiconductor cold ends of the last group of thermoelectric power generation semiconductor groups are externally connected with the anode (206) of the power generation module through wires.
4. The geothermal multilateral well constant-temperature-difference power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the thermoelectric refrigeration module (103) comprises a refrigeration chip set, and the refrigeration chip set comprises a refrigeration hot-end insulated heated component (301), a refrigeration hot-end metal conductor set (302), a refrigeration cold-end metal conductor set (303), a refrigeration cold-end insulated heat-release component (304), a refrigeration module cathode (306), a refrigeration module anode (305) and a thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor set (307); the refrigeration hot end insulated heating component (301) is in close contact with the outer cylinder (105), and the refrigeration cold end insulated heat-releasing component (304) is in direct contact with the low-temperature liquid cylinder (101); the thermoelectric cooling semiconductor group (307) is formed by arranging a group of N-type semiconductors and P-type semiconductors in pairs alternately; one end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group (307) is arranged in the refrigeration hot-end insulated heated component (301), and the other end is arranged in the refrigeration cold-end insulated heat-release component (304); in the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group (307), the hot end of an N-type semiconductor is externally connected with the positive electrode (305) of the refrigeration module through a lead; the N-type semiconductor cold end and the P-type semiconductor cold end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group (307) are connected through a refrigeration cold end metal conductor group (303); the P-type semiconductor hot end of the thermoelectric refrigeration semiconductor group (307) is externally connected with the refrigeration module cathode (306) through a lead;
the positive pole (206) of the power generation module (102) is externally connected with the positive pole (305) of the refrigeration module of the thermoelectric refrigeration module (103) through a lead, and the negative pole (205) of the power generation module of the thermoelectric power generation module (102) is externally connected with the negative pole (306) of the refrigeration module of the thermoelectric refrigeration module (103) through a lead.
5. A geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the main wellbore cable female joint (5) is connected to the main wellbore gathering and transportation cable (4) through an upper joint (401) and a lower joint (402); the side interface (403) is connected with a branch well male connector (7).
6. The geothermal multilateral well constant temperature difference power generation system of claim 1, wherein the branch forms an angle of 30-60 ° with the main well; the lateral wells are distributed around the main well in a spiral manner.
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| WO2024086746A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-25 | Helmerich & Payne Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for managing temperatures in wellbores |
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