CN111237127B - Pitch control method for black-start starting process of offshore wind generating set - Google Patents
Pitch control method for black-start starting process of offshore wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237127B CN111237127B CN202010030538.2A CN202010030538A CN111237127B CN 111237127 B CN111237127 B CN 111237127B CN 202010030538 A CN202010030538 A CN 202010030538A CN 111237127 B CN111237127 B CN 111237127B
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0236—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades by changing the active surface of the wind engaging parts, e.g. reefing or furling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
- F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable pitch control method for a black start startup process of an offshore wind generating set, wherein in the process of increasing the rotating speed of a generator, the rotating speed Vz of a resonance generator is set, a region of Vz (1 +/-A%) is set as a resonance region, in order to ensure that the resonance region is passed through as soon as possible in the black start process, the resonance region is set as Vz (1 +/-B%), when the rotating speed VG of the generator is less than Vz x (1-B%), a given value VG1 of the rotating speed of the generator is a smaller value between the actual rotating speed VG + C and Vz x (1-B%) of the generator, and the obtained rotating speed VG1 of the generator sequentially passes through a rotating speed controller and a pitch angle controller to obtain a final pitch angle which is; when Vz (1-B%) < generator rotation speed VG < Vz (1+ B%), the given value VG2 of the generator rotation speed is a small value between the actual rotation speed VG + D of the generator and the actual rotation speed Vz (1+ B%), and the obtained generator rotation speed VG2 is sequentially obtained through a rotation speed controller and a pitch angle controller, and is input to a pitch system to execute the propeller opening. The invention can safely start the propeller and start the machine on the basis of meeting the requirement of black start control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of black start of an offshore wind generating set, in particular to a variable pitch control method for the black start starting process of the offshore wind generating set, which can safely start the propeller and start the machine on the basis of meeting the black start control requirement.
Background
Offshore wind resources are abundant, and more offshore wind power plants are built in the future along with the development of offshore wind power generation technology. During construction of an offshore wind power plant or grid fault of the wind power plant, an offshore wind generating set is in an island state, an uninterruptible power supply of the offshore wind generating set cannot guarantee long-time power supply inside the wind generating set, and the offshore wind generating set cannot dehumidify, prevent salt mist and lubricate machinery due to long-time power loss of the wind generating set, so that irreversible damage to electrical equipment and mechanical parts is caused.
The prior patent 201910154245.2 proposes a method for controlling the starting process of a black start unit of an offshore wind turbine generator system. However, no detailed mention is made in this patent of how the pitch control is performed during start-up.
In addition, the factors of wind speed change, impeller overspeed, tower resonance area and power loss during black start need to be considered during black start startup, so that the wind generating set can rapidly reach a self-sufficient power supply state in a safe state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a variable pitch control method for a black start starting process of an offshore wind generating set, which can ensure that the rotating speed of a generator can pass through a resonance region as soon as possible to reach the target rotating speed required by the black start in the black start process of the wind generating set in the safe condition of the set, and realize the self-sufficient power supply state of the wind generating set.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a variable pitch control method for a black start starting process of an offshore wind generating set is characterized in that in the rising process of the rotating speed of a generator of the wind generating set, the rotating speed Vz of a resonance generator is set, and a Vzx (1 +/-A%) area is set as a resonance area, wherein the value of A is 10; in order to ensure that the resonant region is crossed as soon as possible in the black start period, the resonant region is Vzx (1 +/-B%), namely the lower limit value of the resonant region is Vzx (1-B%), the upper limit value is Vzx (1+ B%), wherein A is less than B, and the specific value of B is determined according to the paddle opening test of a variable pitch system of the wind generating set when the wind generating set is started in the black start;
when the generator rotation speed VG is less than Vz (1-B%), the generator rotation speed given value VG1 is a smaller value between VG + C and Vz (1-B%), namely VG1 is min (VG + C, Vz (1-B%)), and the obtained generator rotation speed given value VG1 obtains a pitch angle given value theta through a rotation speed controller1Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta1Obtaining a final pitch angle through a pitch angle controller, and inputting the final pitch angle to a pitch control system of the wind generating set to execute blade opening;
when Vz x (1-B%) < generator rotation speed VG < Vz x (1+ B%), the generator rotation speed given value VG2 is a smaller value between VG + D and Vz x (1+ B%), namely VG2 ═ min (VG + D, Vz x (1+ B%)), and the obtained generator rotation speed given value VG2 obtains a pitch angle given value theta through a rotation speed controller2Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta2The final pitch angle is obtained through a pitch angle controller, anInputting the wind power into a variable pitch system of the wind generating set to execute the oar opening;
in the formula, C, D is two reference quantities, C is less than D, C, D value is considered in the period of black start, so that the variable pitch system is in the state of starting the blade as soon as possible without retreating the blade, and the specific numerical value is determined by the test of the variable pitch system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. by controlling the rotating speed of the generator, the rotating speed of the generator can be ensured to pass through the resonance area as soon as possible during the black start.
2. Under the condition that the electric energy of the wind generating set is limited, the variable pitch is controlled to only carry out the action of opening the pitch or not, the electric energy loss is reduced, and the machine is safely started.
3. The damage of the offshore wind generating set under the power grid fault can be effectively prevented, and the reliability of the offshore wind generating set is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of pitch control.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a resonance region.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of generator set point calculation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The main components of the wind generating set comprise a permanent magnet generator, a gear box, blades, an impeller, a tower barrel, a main control system, a pitch control system, a full-power converter, a step-up transformer, a low-voltage cabinet and a high-voltage ring main unit, wherein when the wind generating set is in a shutdown state, the pitch angle is generally in a position of 89 degrees or 90 degrees, and at the moment, airflow does not generate torque on the blades; when the wind generating set is changed from the shutdown state to the running state, the pitch angle is reduced to the standby angle from 89 degrees or 90 degrees at a certain speed. The main control system of the wind generating set can perform pitch control according to the rotating speed of the generator, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the pitch control can be performed indirectly by controlling the rotating speed of the generator.
Secondly, the following factors need to be noticed during the process of opening the propeller and raising the speed:
1. under the condition that an uninterruptible power supply is used for supplying power and the electric energy is limited, the actions of each actuating mechanism of the unit are required to be reduced to the greatest extent under the condition of ensuring the safety state of the whole machine, and the electric energy loss is reduced.
For a variable pitch system, in order to reduce electric energy loss, only a pitch opening action or no action is required in the pitch opening and speed increasing process, and the pitch is allowed to be retracted when the impeller is over-speed or the unit fails.
2. For the condition that the first-order natural frequency of a tower and the blade passing frequency are coupled by 3P in the starting and power generation process of the wind generating set, a resonance rotating speed area of the generator is set according to the natural frequency of the tower in the rotating speed increasing process, when the rotating speed is in the resonance rotating speed area, the blades are controlled to be opened to increase the rotating speed of the generator, so that the rotating speed of the generator quickly passes through the upper limit of the resonance area, and the risk of tower collapse caused by tower resonance due to frequency coupling is avoided.
3. In the process of increasing the rotating speed, the blade is reasonably controlled to be opened by considering the change of the wind speed, the rotating speed of the generator and the rotating speed acceleration of the generator are ensured to be controlled in a safe range, and the rotating speed of the impeller is prevented from being overspeed or out of control.
Therefore, in summary, the pitch control method for the black start startup process of the offshore wind turbine generator system provided by the invention has the following specific conditions:
during the increase of the generator rotation speed, the resonant generator rotation speed Vz is set, and a region Vz × (1 ± a%) is set as a resonance region, and a value is usually 10. In order to ensure that the resonant region is crossed as soon as possible in the black start period, the resonant region is VzX (1 +/-B%), namely the lower limit value of the resonant region is VzX (1-B%), the upper limit value of the resonant region is VzX (1+ B%), wherein A is less than B, the specific value of B is determined according to a pitching system starting test of the wind generating set when the wind generating set is started in the black start, and the arrangement of the resonant region is shown in FIG. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, when the generator rotation speed VG < Vz × (1-B%), the generator rotation speed given value VG1 is a smaller value between VG + C and Vz × (1-B%), i.e., VG1 ═ min (VG + C, Vz × (1-B%)), and the obtained generator rotation speed given value VG1 is used to obtain the pitch angle given value θ via the rotation speed controller1Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta1The final pitch angle is obtained through a pitch angle controller and is input to a pitch control system to be executedAnd (5) opening the paddles. When Vz x (1-B%) < generator rotation speed VG < Vz x (1+ B%), the generator rotation speed given value VG2 is a smaller value between VG + D and Vz x (1+ B%), namely VG2 ═ min (VG + D, Vz x (1+ B%)), and the obtained generator rotation speed given value VG2 obtains a pitch angle given value theta through a rotation speed controller2Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta2And obtaining a final pitch angle through a pitch angle controller, and inputting the final pitch angle to a pitch control system to execute blade opening.
Wherein C, D is two reference amounts and C < D. C. And D, taking the value into consideration that the pitch control system is in a pitch control state as soon as possible without retreating the pitch during the black start period, wherein the specific numerical value is determined by the test of the pitch control system.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that the changes in the shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A pitch control method for a black start starting process of an offshore wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps: setting a resonant generator rotating speed Vz in the process of increasing the generator rotating speed of a wind generating set, and setting a Vz x (1 +/-A%) area as a resonant area, wherein A takes the value of 10; in order to ensure that the resonant region is crossed as soon as possible in the black start period, the resonant region is Vzx (1 +/-B%), namely the lower limit value of the resonant region is Vzx (1-B%), the upper limit value is Vzx (1+ B%), wherein A is less than B, and the specific value of B is determined according to the paddle opening test of a variable pitch system of the wind generating set when the wind generating set is started in the black start;
when the generator rotation speed VG is less than Vz (1-B%), the generator rotation speed given value VG1 is a smaller value between VG + C and Vz (1-B%), namely VG1 is min (VG + C, Vz (1-B%)), and the obtained generator rotation speed given value VG1 obtains a pitch angle given value theta through a rotation speed controller1Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta1Obtaining a final pitch angle through a pitch angle controller, and inputting the final pitch angle to a pitch control system to execute blade opening;
when Vz × (1-B%) < generator speed VG < Vz × (1+ B%), the generator speed given value VG2 is a smaller value between VG + D and Vz × (1+ B%), i.e., VG2 ═ min (VG + D, Vz × (1+ B%)) The obtained generator rotating speed given value VG2 is used for obtaining a pitch angle given value theta through a rotating speed controller2Then setting the pitch angle to a given value theta2Obtaining a final pitch angle through a pitch angle controller, and inputting the final pitch angle to a pitch control system of the wind generating set to execute blade opening;
in the formula, C, D is two reference quantities, C is less than D, C, D value is considered in the period of black start, so that the variable pitch system is in the state of starting the blade as soon as possible without retreating the blade, and the specific numerical value is determined by the test of the variable pitch system.
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| CN116146417B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-08-11 | 中车山东风电有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for traversing passive dynamic interval of rotating speed of wind generating set |
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| CN103187912B (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Wind driven generator torque control method for passing through resonance band quickly |
| CN104405581B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2017-03-08 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Wind generating set rotating speed control method and control system |
| JP6559559B2 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-08-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Wind power generation system and operation method of wind power generation system |
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| CN108087194B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-10-22 | 上海电气风电集团有限公司 | A kind of control method and device reducing wind-power generating unit tower vibration |
| CN110657066B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Wind turbine generator set control method, controller and device |
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