CN111234866A - Process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for regenerating base oil by using waste mineral oil, which comprises the following steps: pretreating waste mineral oil; adding the pretreated material into a primary extraction device for primary extraction; adding the first-stage extraction residual material into a second-stage extraction device for second-stage extraction; adding the secondary extraction residue material into a high molecular distillation device for high molecular distillation; recovering the solution catalyst; recovering the solution catalyst to obtain extract oil and the solution catalyst; the solution catalyst can be recycled, and the extract oil is the base oil product. The process of the invention is simple, the cost is low, the operation is easy, the product recovery rate is as high as 75-80%, and the refined oil product meets the index requirements of the base oil; the process is simple, and the reaction condition is mild; the investment is small; the operation cost is low.

Description

Process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a waste recycling process, and particularly relates to a process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil.

Background

The waste mineral oil is mineral oil extracted and refined from petroleum, coal and oil shale, and changes the original physical and chemical properties due to the action of external factors in the processes of mining, processing and using, and can not be used continuously. The main sources of the method are as follows: firstly, the original physical and chemical properties are changed due to the effects of impurity pollution, oxidation and heat, so that the oil cannot be replaced when being used continuously; oil sludge and oil foot produced by oil extraction and refining; deposits produced during the warehousing of mineral oils; and oil residue, filter medium and the like in the oil replacement and regeneration processes of equipment such as machinery, power, transportation and the like. The waste mineral oil is mainly hydrocarbon substances with relatively small carbon atoms, and is mostly unsaturated hydrocarbon. The main component of the catalyst is hydrocarbons with different chain lengths, and the performance is stable.

At present, the regeneration process of the waste mineral oil mainly comprises the following steps: 1) the repurification process, including settling, centrifugating, filtering, flocculating, one or several unites, the main purpose of this process is to remove water, general mechanical impurity of suspension and mechanical impurity dispersed steadily in colloidal state in the waste oil, but the quality of oil made is bad, among them the waste residue, flocculate, etc. will cause the secondary pollution to the environment; 2) the method is characterized in that chemical refining or adsorption refining is added on the basis of 'repurification', namely, after impurity removal or flocculation, bleaching clay or sulfuric acid-bleaching clay refining, or chemical demetalization, chemical demulsification and the like are carried out, so as to produce metal working fluid, lubricating oil used under non-harsh conditions, mold release oil, clean fuel, clean road oil and the like. The process is based on the current environmental protection, the process technology also has a serious secondary pollution problem, and the quality of the produced regenerated oil generally can not reach the new oil standard; 3) the third type of re-refining process is the main process of waste oil treatment at present, and with the development of process technology, more advanced treatment processes are derived on the basis, such as the application of molecular distillation, the application of deep hydrogenation treatment and the like, so that the quality of waste oil regeneration products is greatly improved.

In patent CN105062557B, an acid-free refining method of waste mineral oil is disclosed, in which a refined liquid is added to a distillate obtained by distilling waste mineral oil, and after mixing, standing for separation and decoloring, a qualified oil product is obtained, wherein the refined liquid comprises a catalyst and an alkali solution, and the process does not need to add sulfuric acid, thereby not only achieving the quality of the oil product treated by a sulfuric acid-clay refining process, but also removing the odor of the oil product, and most importantly, completely eliminating the environmental pollution caused by sulfuric acid residues.

In patent CN109054894A, a method for vacuum distillation-hydrogenation treatment of waste mineral oil is disclosed, in which the waste mineral oil is pretreated, then distilled under normal pressure, then vacuum distilled, and the raw material treated by vacuum distillation is hydrorefined to obtain the finished product. The waste mineral oil treated by the process has high purity, the service life of the waste mineral oil is prolonged, the acidity of the product is reduced, the hydrogenation process generally needs higher temperature and pressure, the requirement on equipment is extremely strict, and the potential safety hazard is larger.

Based on the refining and purifying process of the waste mineral oil at present, the process method and equipment are simplified, the production difficulty is reduced, the recovery rate is improved, and the technical problem to be solved by the industry at present is improved.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil,

in order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: carrying out pretreatment on the waste mineral oil, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain distillate, wherein the purpose of the pretreatment is to remove solid impurities in the waste mineral oil;

the second step is that: adding the pretreated material into a primary extraction device for primary extraction to obtain water, light fuel oil and a primary extraction residual material; the obtained water enters a sewage treatment station for treatment and then is recycled; collecting the obtained light fuel oil for later use;

the third step: adding the first-stage extraction residual material into a second-stage extraction device for second-stage extraction to obtain No. 100 base crude oil and a second-stage extraction residual material;

the fourth step: adding the secondary extraction residue material into a high molecular distillation device for high molecular distillation to obtain No. 150 base crude oil and No. 250 base crude oil;

the fifth step: recovering a solution catalyst from No. 100 leached crude oil through primary solution catalytic extraction, recovering a solution catalyst from No. 150 base crude oil through secondary solution catalytic extraction, and recovering a solution catalyst from No. 250 base crude oil through tertiary solution catalytic extraction;

and a sixth step: recovering the solution catalyst to obtain extract oil and the solution catalyst; the solution catalyst can be recycled, and the extract oil is the base oil product.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.

The process of the invention is simple, the cost is low, the operation is easy, the product recovery rate is as high as 75-80%, and the refined oil product meets the index requirements of the base oil; the process is simple, and the reaction condition is mild; the investment is small; the operation cost is low.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil comprises the following steps: carrying out pretreatment on the waste mineral oil, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain distillate, wherein the purpose of the pretreatment is to remove solid impurities in the waste mineral oil; adding the pretreated material into a primary extraction device for primary extraction to obtain water, light fuel oil and a primary extraction residual material; the obtained water enters a sewage treatment station for treatment and then is recycled; collecting the obtained light fuel oil for later use; adding the first-stage extraction residual material into a second-stage extraction device for second-stage extraction to obtain No. 100 base crude oil and a second-stage extraction residual material; adding the secondary extraction residue material into a high molecular distillation device for high molecular distillation to obtain No. 150 base crude oil and No. 250 base crude oil; recovering a solution catalyst from No. 100 leached crude oil through primary solution catalytic extraction, recovering a solution catalyst from No. 150 base crude oil through secondary solution catalytic extraction, and recovering a solution catalyst from No. 250 base crude oil through tertiary solution catalytic extraction; recovering the solution catalyst to obtain extract oil and the solution catalyst; the solution catalyst can be recycled, and the extract oil is the base oil product.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. The process for regenerating base oil from waste mineral oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the first step is as follows: carrying out pretreatment on the waste mineral oil, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain distillate, wherein the purpose of the pretreatment is to remove solid impurities in the waste mineral oil;

the second step is that: adding the pretreated material into a primary extraction device for primary extraction to obtain water, light fuel oil and a primary extraction residual material; the obtained water enters a sewage treatment station for treatment and then is recycled; collecting the obtained light fuel oil for later use;

the third step: adding the first-stage extraction residual material into a second-stage extraction device for second-stage extraction to obtain No. 100 base crude oil and a second-stage extraction residual material;

the fourth step: adding the secondary extraction residue material into a high molecular distillation device for high molecular distillation to obtain No. 150 base crude oil and No. 250 base crude oil;

the fifth step: recovering a solution catalyst from No. 100 leached crude oil through primary solution catalytic extraction, recovering a solution catalyst from No. 150 base crude oil through secondary solution catalytic extraction, and recovering a solution catalyst from No. 250 base crude oil through tertiary solution catalytic extraction;

and a sixth step: recovering the solution catalyst to obtain extract oil and the solution catalyst; the solution catalyst can be recycled, and the extract oil is the base oil product.