CN111233394A - Prefabricated building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Prefabricated building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/026—Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
- C04B2111/00672—Pointing or jointing materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building and a preparation method thereof. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar comprises the following raw materials: cement, fly ash, fine aggregate, furnace bottom slag, a plastic retaining agent, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent and modified starch ether; the early strength agent comprises nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum; the furnace bottom slag is pretreated by the following steps: mixing and grinding the furnace bottom slag, the fly ash, the sodium nitrate and the active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45-50min, adding the water glass, the polyvinyl alcohol and the epoxy resin, placing at 60-80 ℃, mixing for 10-20min, adding the sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 70-80 ℃, stirring for 20-30min, and placing at 90-120 ℃ for drying. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar has the advantages of recycling furnace bottom slag, reducing cost, being green and environment-friendly, short curing time, good plasticity, difficult slipping and flowing and difficult cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The prefabricated building is an important point for practicing a green development concept in the field of buildings, and compared with the traditional cast-in-place building, the prefabricated building can shorten the construction period by 25-30%, save water by 50%, reduce building plastering mortar by about 60%, save wood by about 80%, reduce construction energy consumption by about 20%, reduce construction waste by more than 70%, and obviously reduce construction dust and noise pollution.
The mortar material for the prefabricated building is prepared by dry mixing of main components such as specific cementing materials, fine aggregates, functional modifiers and the like, is mainly used for mortar series materials on the prefabricated building and comprises reserved joint sealing mortar for the prefabricated building, splicing and joint filling mortar for the prefabricated building and seat slurry for the prefabricated building; the prefabricated building reserved joint sealing mortar is mainly used for sealing reserved joints before grouting when prefabricated member steel bars are connected by adopting sleeve grouting and connecting laminated slabs and wallboards.
In the prior art, a Chinese patent application No. 201410365697.2 discloses a building dry-mixed plastering mortar, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-30% of portland cement, 2-5% of desulfurized gypsum powder, 1-3% of sodium bentonite, 0.05-0.1% of polypropylene fiber, 10-20% of fly ash, 0.3-0.5% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.5-0.7% of VAE redispersible latex powder, 5-10% of performance modifier and the balance of construction fine sand, wherein the performance modifier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of vermiculite powder, 20-30% of metakaolin, 5-10% of graphene, 5-10% of sodium gluconate and the balance of glutinous rice flour.
The existing building dry-mixed mortar has the advantages of high bonding strength, water retention, crack resistance and good construction performance, but is slow in solidification, and when the mortar is used in a reserved seam in the vertical direction, the phenomena of flowing and slipping are easy to occur.
The bottom slag is ash slag with coarse grain size discharged from the bottom of industrial and civil coal-fired boilers such as thermal power plants, urban centralized heating systems and the like, generally has a broken stone porous structure, and mainly comprises SiO2、Al2O3And Fe2O3. The daily output of the furnace bottom slag in each large power generation plant and thermal power plant is quite large, 1/3 tons of furnace bottom slag can be generated when 1 ton of medium is combusted generally, the furnace bottom slag is mostly limited to the recycling of brick and tile plants at present, the application technologies are relatively backward, the utilization rate of the furnace bottom slag is low, the environment is polluted, and the great waste of resources is also caused.
Therefore, the problem to be solved urgently is to develop the plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building, which has the advantages of quick curing time, good plasticity and difficult slipping and flowing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building, which has the advantages of recycling furnace bottom slag, reducing cost, environmental protection, short curing time, good plasticity and difficulty in slipping and flowing.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building, which has the advantages of simple preparation method and easy operation.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of cement, 20-60 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of fine aggregate, 40-80 parts of bottom slag, 0.1-10 parts of plastic retaining agent, 0.1-5 parts of early strength agent, 0.1-5 parts of water reducing agent and 1-5 parts of modified starch ether;
the early strength agent comprises nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum with the mass ratio of 1 (1.1-1.4) to 0.7-0.9;
the furnace bottom slag is pretreated by the following steps: mixing and grinding 15-25 parts of bottom slag, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of sodium nitrate and 6-12 parts of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45-50min, adding 4-7 parts of water glass, 30-50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-2 parts of epoxy resin, mixing for 10-20min at 60-80 ℃, adding 0.4-1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 70-80 ℃, stirring for 20-30min, and drying at 90-120 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the furnace bottom slag is a fused mass of unburned coal and has more black carbon particles compared with fly ash, the adsorption is stronger, the water demand and the loss on ignition are higher, but the setting time is shortened, the calcium sulfate content in the furnace bottom slag is higher, the calcium sulfate is easy to react with calcium aluminate in cement to generate ettringite, and the plastering mortar is easy to generate volume expansion in the later period to cause structural damage, so that the furnace bottom slag, fly ash, ammonium nitrate and active magnesium oxide are mixed and ground, the water demand ratio can be reduced, the decomposition of anhydrous calcium sulfate in the furnace bottom slag is accelerated, the furnace bottom slag hydration is promoted and is converted into dihydrate gypsum together with calcium nitrite, the formation of hydrate is facilitated, the volume expansion in the later period is reduced, the active magnesium oxide can excite the furnace bottom slag, the fly ash is doped to obtain higher strength, and the microscopic appearance of the furnace bottom slag surface is in a fine and compact aluminum-rich latticed crystal structure, the drying shrinkage of the mortar can be reduced, the polyvinyl alcohol is modified by epoxy resin and water glass to increase the viscosity, the addition of the water glass can improve the adhesive strength of the polyvinyl alcohol, active epoxy groups are contained in the molecular chain of the epoxy resin, so that the epoxy resin and the polyvinyl alcohol are subjected to cross-linking reaction to form insoluble and infusible high polymers with a three-dimensional network structure, the porous structure of the surface of furnace bottom slag is improved, the water consumption is reduced, the workability of plastering mortar is improved, the shrinkage rate is reduced, the bonding strength of the mortar is increased, and the mortar is prevented from slipping and flowing.
The nanometer silicon nitride, the coal gangue and the gypsum are used as early strength agents, and due to the small size, the multiple surface atomicity and the high reaction activity of the nanometer silicon nitride, after the cement is added, the nanometer silicon nitride can generate hydration reaction with cement minerals and hydration products due to the high activity of the nanometer silicon nitride, so that the hydration reaction is accelerated, the gelling property of a system is increased, the directional arrangement orientation of CH crystals is improved, the interface structure is excessive from plane arrangement to space structure, and the comprehensive performance of the interface is improved, so that the early strength performance of the mortar is improved, and meanwhile, the nanometer silicon nitrideThe small size can fill up the pores in the mortar, so that the internal structure of the mortar is more compact, the pore structure is improved, the rapid nucleation of hydration products can be accelerated, the nano silicon nitride has good chemical stability, excellent mediation performance and excellent mechanical property, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of the mortar can be improved, the gypsum can reduce the water demand of furnace bottom slag and improve the activity index of the furnace bottom slag, silicon and aluminum oxide are generally used as main chemical components in coal gangue, and the gypsum also contains ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and other rare elements, and can promote CaF2And calcium sulfate with C3A combines to form C11A7·CaF2And C4A3S, while favoring C3And (4) forming S.
Further, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 40 parts of fine aggregate, 60 parts of bottom slag, 5 parts of plastic retaining agent, 5 parts of early strength agent, 3 parts of water reducing agent and 3 parts of modified starch ether.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw material proportion of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building is more accurate, and the using amount is more accurate, so that the prepared dry-mixed plastering mortar has better adhesive property and plasticity, can be quickly condensed, and can be prevented from slipping and flowing when the reserved joint is sealed vertically.
Further, the modified starch ether is prepared by the following method: mixing 5-10 parts by weight of 90-95% ethanol, 1-3 parts by weight of corn starch, 6-12 parts by weight of monochloroacetic acid and 2-4 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, stirring at 40-50 ℃ for 4-6h, adding 1-3 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, continuing to react at 40-50 ℃ for 8-10h, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7 by using glacial acetic acid, washing and filtering by using a solution prepared by mixing ethanol and water according to the mass ratio of 8-9:1, drying a filter cake at 45 ℃ for 10h, crushing, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt earlier the mode of adding acid and then making up the alkali, be favorable to etherification reaction's going on, improve substitution degree and reaction rate, insert carboxymethyl group in the starch, hydrophilicity constantly strengthens, starch granule absorbs water the inflation, arrange compactly between the granule, overstock each other, the interaction force increases, and the carboxymethyl group of inserting makes starch side chain carbon chain increase, viscosity improves to increase the cohesive strength of plastering mortar, and modified starch ether uses with the plastic-retaining agent is cooperateed, can play the effect of thickening water conservation, reduce drying shrinkage.
Further, the water reducing agent is one or a composition of more of lignosulfonate, 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation sodium salt, melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent or polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
Further, the plastic retention agent is one or a combination of more of methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose or lignocellulose.
Further, the fly ash is ground for 10-15min, the fineness is 4-5.8%, the water demand ratio is 102-108%, the ignition loss is 5.2-5.5%, and the SO content is3The content is 0.35-0.45%, and the content of free calcium oxide is 0.4-0.5%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the active ingredients of the fly ash are silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and the fly ash can generate a stable cementing material after being mixed with cement and water, so that the plastering mortar has higher strength, the particle composition and the particle shape of the fly ash are changed to a certain extent after being ground, and after being ground, the glass beads and the adhesive bodies in the particles are dispersed, so that part of porous glass bodies are crushed to form compact powder, therefore, the ground fly ash contains more irregular glass bodies, the pores among the fly ash particles are reduced, the water demand is reduced, and the adsorption on the plastic retention agent is reduced.
Further, the fine aggregate comprises river sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3-2.8, the mud content is 1-2%, the mud block content is 0%, and the apparent density is 2687-3Bulk density of 1642-1700kg/m3。
By adopting the technical scheme, the river sand is high in hardness and good in wear resistance, the clay and other harmful impurities are low in content, the plastering mortar is good in scouring resistance, the fineness modulus is appropriate, the plastering mortar is good in workability, good in construction workability and easy to stir, and can be filled in pores among aggregates, the compactness and the strength of the plastering mortar are improved, the porosity of the plastering mortar is reduced, and the compressive strength of the plastering mortar is improved.
Further, the raw materials also comprise construction waste powder, the using amount of the construction waste powder is 20-30 parts, and the construction waste powder is prepared by the following method: crushing, screening and secondarily crushing waste concrete to obtain powder, uniformly mixing the powder, nano-alumina and graphene according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8-1:0.6-0.8, adding polyamide and silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly mixing at 80-100 ℃, drying at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30min, taking out and grinding to obtain building waste powder, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the silane coupling agent to the powder is 1-2:0.3-0.5: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the construction waste contains unhydrated cement, hydration products and the like, and can perform hydration reaction and secondary hydration reaction with water under the action of water glass, so that the strength of a system is improved, the doped nano aluminum oxide and graphene have higher heat conductivity coefficients, the plastering mortar has better heat conductivity, temperature stress caused by inconsistent internal and external temperatures in the hardening process of the plastering mortar is avoided, the surface of a plastering layer is prevented from cracking and falling in a large area, and the polyamide and silane coupling agent are doped, so that the hardness and toughness of construction waste powder can be improved, and the shrinkage rate of the plastering mortar in drying is reduced.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively drying the furnace bottom slag, the fine aggregate and the construction waste powder until the water content is lower than 0.2%, and sieving the materials by a 3mm sieve;
and S2, mixing the sieved furnace bottom slag and fine aggregate with cement, fly ash, a plastic retention agent, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent and modified starch ether to prepare the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building.
By adopting the technical scheme, the furnace bottom slag, the fine aggregate and the construction waste powder are dried to reduce the water content, and then are mixed with the rest raw materials, and the preparation method is simple and easy to operate.
Further, when preparing the plastering mortar, mixing and stirring the dry-mixed plastering mortar and water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.12-0.26, wherein the stirring speed is 80-100r/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dry-mixed plastering mortar can be used only by mixing and stirring with water, and the application method is simple and easy to operate.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, because the invention adopts the furnace bottom slag as the raw material of the dry-mixed plastering mortar, the invention can replace partial river sand, reduce the cost, recycle the furnace bottom slag, reduce the stacking of the furnace bottom slag and save resources, because the fly ash, the sodium nitrate and the active magnesium oxide are used for blending and grinding with the furnace bottom slag, and then the furnace bottom slag is blended with the epoxy resin, the polyvinyl alcohol and the water glass, thereby improving the porous structure on the surface of the furnace bottom slag, reducing the water demand of the furnace bottom slag, increasing the bonding strength and the plasticity of the furnace bottom slag, improving the workability of the plastering mortar and simultaneously reducing the drying shrinkage rate of the mortar, so that the plastering mortar can be prevented from slipping and flowing when the plastering mortar is sealed and vertically reserved seams.
Secondly, the nano silicon nitride, the coal gangue and the gypsum are preferably adopted as the early strength agent, and the nano silicon nitride has high reaction activity and small size, so that when the nano silicon nitride is added into cement, hydration reaction of hydration products can be promoted, the interface structure is improved, the early strength of the mortar is improved, the setting time is shortened, and meanwhile, after the mortar is cured, the interior of the mortar is more compact, the chemical stability is good, and the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the high temperature resistance of the mortar can be improved.
And the modified starch ether and the cellulose ether used as a plastic retention agent have synergistic effect, so that the effects of thickening and moisture retention can be achieved, the water retention rate of the mortar is increased, the drying shrinkage is reduced, and the phenomena of slipping and flowing of the mortar are prevented at the same time.
Fourthly, building waste powder is mixed into the dry-mixed plastering mortar, the waste concrete, the nano aluminum oxide, the graphene, the polyamide and the like are used for preparing the building waste powder, the waste concrete is recycled, the pollution to the environment and the waste of land resources are reduced, and the nano aluminum oxide and the graphene have higher heat conductivity, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the building waste powder can be increased, and the phenomena of cracking and falling caused by inconsistent internal and external temperatures during the solidification of the plastering mortar are avoided.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation examples 1 to 3 of modified starch ethers
Preparation example 1: mixing 5kg of 90% ethanol, 1kg of cassava starch, 6kg of monochloroacetic acid and 2kg of sodium hydroxide, stirring for 6h at 40 ℃, adding 1kg of sodium hydroxide, continuing to react for 10h at 40 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 6.5 by using glacial acetic acid, washing and filtering a solution prepared by mixing ethanol and water according to the mass ratio of 8:1, drying a filter cake for 10h at 45 ℃, crushing, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.
Preparation example 2: mixing 8kg of 93% ethanol, 2kg of corn starch, 9kg of monochloroacetic acid and 3kg of sodium hydroxide, stirring for 5h at 45 ℃, adding 2kg of sodium hydroxide, continuing to react for 9h at 45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 6.8 by using glacial acetic acid, washing and filtering a solution prepared by mixing ethanol and water according to the mass ratio of 8.5:1, drying a filter cake at 45 ℃ for 10h, crushing, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.
Preparation example 3: mixing 10kg of 95% ethanol, 3kg of corn starch, 12kg of monochloroacetic acid and 4kg of sodium hydroxide, stirring for 4h at 50 ℃, adding 3kg of sodium hydroxide, continuing to react for 8h at 50 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 7 by using glacial acetic acid, washing and filtering a solution prepared by mixing ethanol and water according to the mass ratio of 9:1, drying a filter cake at 45 ℃ for 10h, crushing, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.
Examples
In the following examples, the nano-silicon nitride is selected from nano-silicon nitride sold by Shanghai Neihou nanometer technology Limited under the No. NO-N-004-1, the calcium lignosulfonate is selected from calcium lignosulfonate sold by Shanghai Yunji New Material technology Limited under the model MG-3, the 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation sodium salt is selected from 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation sodium salt sold by Nanjing Hengyi good trade Limited under the model CAS 36290-04-7, the melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent is selected from melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent sold by Shanghai Yangyu New Material construction Limited under the model PRC1016, the polycarboxylate water reducing agent is selected from KDSP-1 type polycarboxylate high-performance water reducing agent sold by Shanxi Kaidi building materials Limited under the model, the methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether is selected from HH-20M methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether sold by Wuhan Ruixing Source technology Limited under the model, The methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether is selected from methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether sold by Shanghai ministerial engineering science and technology Limited with the model of HPMC-20, the hydroxyethyl cellulose ether is selected from QP-100MH hydroxyethyl cellulose ether sold by Huayuekming trade Limited of Dongguan city, the carboxymethyl cellulose is selected from CA-F03 carboxymethyl cellulose sold by Duomiduo New materials Limited of Guangzhou, the lignocellulose is selected from lignocellulose sold by Dunnan New materials science and technology (Shanghai) Limited with the model of 006, the polyvinyl alcohol is selected from PVA2488 type polyvinyl alcohol sold by silver-looping engineering Limited of Guangzhou, the water glass and the epoxy resin are selected from E-51 type epoxy resin sold by Wuxi Qian Guangxi chemical materials Limited, the nano alumina is selected from nano alumina sold by Hangzhou Zhi titanium purification technology Limited with the model of VK-L30, the graphene is selected from graphene sold by Qingdao rock-ocean carbon material Co., Ltd and with the model of HGP-3A, the polyamide is selected from polyamide sold by Shanghai Yinxin plastic science Co., Ltd and with the model of 101L, and the silane coupling agent KH550 is selected from silane coupling agent KH550 sold by Henan Hui chemical Co., Ltd and with the model of 01.
Example 1: the raw material proportion of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building is shown in Table 1, and the preparation method of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively drying the furnace bottom slag and the fine aggregate until the water content is lower than 0.2%, and sieving the materials by a 3mm sieve;
wherein the fine aggregate is river sand with fineness modulus of 2.3, mud content of 1%, and mud block contentThe amount is 0%, and the apparent density is 2687g/cm3Having a bulk density of 1642kg/m3The furnace bottom slag is pretreated as follows: mixing and grinding 15kg of furnace bottom slag, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of sodium nitrate and 6kg of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45min, adding 4kg of water glass, 30kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1kg of epoxy resin, mixing for 20min at 60 ℃, adding 0.4kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 30min, and drying at 90 ℃;
s2, mixing 40kg of sieved furnace bottom slag and 30kg of fine aggregate with 80kg of cement, 20kg of fly ash, 0.1kg of plastic retention agent, 0.1kg of early strength agent, 0.1kg of water reducing agent and 1kg of modified starch ether to prepare the assembly type building reserved seam sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar, wherein the cement is P.O42.5 portland cement, the fly ash is ground for 10min, the fineness is 4%, the water demand ratio is 102%, the ignition loss is 5.2%, and SO is added3The early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum according to the mass ratio of 1:1.1:0.7, the particle size of the nano silicon nitride is 20nm, the water reducing agent is calcium lignosulfonate and a melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and the modified starch ether is prepared by preparation example 1.
The dry-mixed plastering mortar is prepared into a plastering mortar formula, and is mixed and stirred with water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.12, the stirring speed is 80r/min, and the stirring time is 10 min.
TABLE 1 raw material ratio of sealing dry-mixed mortar for prefabricated construction reserved joint in examples 1-5
Example 2: the raw material proportion of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building is shown in Table 1, and the preparation method of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively drying the furnace bottom slag and the fine aggregate until the water content is lower than 0.2%, and sieving the materials by a 3mm sieve;
wherein the fine aggregate is river sand with fineness modulus of 2.5, mud content of 1.5%, mud block content of 0%, and apparent density of 2693g/cm3Bulk density of 1670kg/m3The furnace bottom slag is pretreated as follows:
mixing and grinding 15kg of furnace bottom slag, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of sodium nitrate and 6kg of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45min, adding 4kg of water glass, 30kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1kg of epoxy resin, mixing for 20min at 60 ℃, adding 0.4kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 30min, and drying at 90 ℃;
s2, mixing 50kg of sieved furnace bottom slag and 35kg of fine aggregate with 85kg of cement, 30kg of fly ash, 3kg of plastic retention agent, 3kg of early strength agent, 2kg of water reducing agent and 2kg of modified starch ether to prepare the assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar, wherein the cement is P.O42.5 portland cement, the fly ash is ground for 13min, the fineness is 4.9%, the water demand ratio is 105%, the ignition loss is 5.3%, and SO is added3The content of the modified starch ether is 0.4 percent, the content of free calcium oxide is 0.45 percent, the plastic retention agent is methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and hydroxyethyl cellulose ether with the mass ratio of 1:1, the early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum with the mass ratio of 1:1.1:0.7, the particle size of the nano silicon nitride is 20nm, the water reducing agent is 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation sodium salt, and the modified starch ether is prepared by the preparation example 2.
The dry-mixed plastering mortar is prepared into a plastering mortar formula, and is mixed and stirred with water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.18, wherein the stirring speed is 90r/min, and the stirring time is 8 min.
Example 3: the raw material proportion of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building is shown in Table 1, and the preparation method of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively drying the furnace bottom slag and the fine aggregate until the water content is lower than 0.2%, and sieving the materials by a 3mm sieve;
wherein the fine aggregate is river sand, fineness modulus is 2.5, mud content is 1.5%, mud block content is 0%, and apparent density is 2700g/cm3Bulk density of 1700kg/m3The furnace bottom slag is pretreated as follows: grinding 15kg of furnace bottom slag, 10kg of fly ash, 5kg of sodium nitrate and 6kg of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45min, adding 4kg of water glass, 30kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1kg of epoxy resin, mixing at 60 ℃ for 20min, adding 0.4kg of hexametaphosphateHeating sodium phosphate to 70 deg.C, stirring for 30min, and drying at 90 deg.C;
s2, mixing 60kg of sieved furnace bottom slag and 40kg of fine aggregate with 90kg of cement, 40kg of fly ash, 5kg of plastic retention agent, 5kg of early strength agent, 3kg of water reducing agent and 3kg of modified starch ether to prepare the assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar, wherein the cement is P.O42.5 Portland cement, the fly ash is ground for 15min, the fineness is 5.8%, the water demand ratio is 108%, the ignition loss is 5.5%, and SO is added3The early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in a mass ratio of 1:1.1:0.7, the particle size of the nano silicon nitride is 20nm, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and the modified starch ether is prepared by preparation example 3.
The dry-mixed plastering mortar is prepared into a plastering mortar formula, and is mixed and stirred with water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.26, wherein the stirring speed is 100r/min, and the stirring time is 5 min.
Examples 4 to 5: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that the raw material formula is shown in the table 1.
Example 6: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that furnace bottom slag is pretreated by the following steps: mixing 25kg of furnace bottom slag, 20kg of fly ash, 10kg of sodium nitrate and 12kg of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 50min, adding 7kg of water glass, 50kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 2kg of epoxy resin, placing at 80 ℃, mixing for 10min, adding 1kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 20min, and placing at 120 ℃ for drying.
Example 7: a dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building is different from that in example 1 in that 20kg of furnace bottom slag, 15kg of fly ash, 8kg of sodium nitrate and 9kg of active magnesium oxide are mixed and ground, the mixture is ground for 48min, 6kg of water glass, 40kg of polyvinyl alcohol and 1.5kg of epoxy resin are added, the mixture is placed at 70 ℃ for mixing for 15min, 0.7kg of sodium hexametaphosphate is added, the temperature is raised to 75 ℃, the mixture is stirred for 25min, and the mixture is placed at 105 ℃ for drying.
Example 8: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that the early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in a mass ratio of 1:1.2: 0.8.
Example 9: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that the early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in a mass ratio of 1:1.4: 0.9.
Example 10: compared with the embodiment 1, the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the prefabricated building reserved joint is characterized in that the mortar also comprises 20kg of construction waste powder, and the construction waste powder is prepared by the following method: crushing, screening and secondarily crushing waste concrete to obtain powder, uniformly mixing the powder, nano-alumina and graphene according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8:0.6, adding polyamide and silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly mixing at 80 ℃, drying at 40 ℃ for 30min, taking out and grinding to obtain building waste powder, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the silane coupling agent to the powder is 1:0.3:1, the particle size of the nano-alumina is 30nm, the particle size of the graphene is 3 mu m, drying the building waste powder, furnace bottom slag and fine aggregate, and mixing with raw materials such as cement.
Example 11: compared with the embodiment 1, the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the prefabricated building reserved joint is characterized in that the mortar also comprises 25kg of construction waste powder, and the construction waste powder is prepared by the following method: crushing, screening and secondarily crushing waste concrete to obtain powder, uniformly mixing the powder, nano-alumina and graphene according to the mass ratio of 1:0.9:0.7, adding polyamide and silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly mixing at 90 ℃, drying at 45 ℃ for 25min, taking out and grinding to obtain building waste powder, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the silane coupling agent to the powder is 1.5:0.4:1, the particle size of the nano-alumina is 30nm, the particle size of the graphene is 3 mu m, drying the building waste powder, furnace bottom slag and fine aggregate, and mixing with raw materials such as cement.
Example 12: compared with the embodiment 1, the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the prefabricated building reserved joint is characterized in that the mortar also comprises 30kg of construction waste powder, and the construction waste powder is prepared by the following method: crushing, screening and secondarily crushing waste concrete to obtain powder, uniformly mixing the powder, nano-alumina and graphene according to the mass ratio of 1:1:0.8, adding polyamide and silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly mixing at 100 ℃, drying at 50 ℃ for 20min, taking out and grinding to obtain building waste powder, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the silane coupling agent to the powder is 2:0.5:1, the particle size of the nano-alumina is 30nm, the particle size of the graphene is 3 mu m, drying the building waste powder, furnace bottom slag and fine aggregate, and mixing with raw materials such as cement.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that nano silicon nitride is not added into the early strength agent.
Comparative example 2: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that the early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in a mass ratio of 1:1: 0.6.
Comparative example 3: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building and the embodiment 1 is that the early strength agent is prepared by mixing nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in a mass ratio of 1:1.5: 1.
Comparative example 4: a dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building is different from that of the plastering mortar in example 1 in that fly ash, sodium nitrate and active magnesium oxide are not added when bottom slag is pretreated.
Comparative example 5: a dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of an assembly type building is different from the plastering mortar in example 1 in that water glass, polyvinyl alcohol and epoxy resin are not added when bottom slag is pretreated.
Comparative example 6: an assembly type dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing a reserved joint of a building is different from the embodiment 1 in that modified starch ether is replaced by hydroxypropyl modified starch ether sold by Zhengzhou Puer chemical product Co.
Comparative example 7: the difference between the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the prefabricated construction reserved joint and the embodiment 10 is that nano-alumina and graphene are not added into construction waste powder.
Comparative example 8: a difference of the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the prefabricated construction reserved joint from the embodiment 10 is that no polyamide is added into the construction waste powder.
Comparative example 9: taking the building dry-mixed plastering mortar prepared in the embodiment 1 in the Chinese invention patent document with the application number of 201010260323.6 as a reference, (1) respectively drying river sand and furnace bottom slag until the water content is lower than 0.2%, screening out large particles with the size of more than 3mm, and warehousing for later use; (2) 100kg of plastering mortar master batch is prepared, and the plastering mortar master batch comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 8.2kg of powdery naphthalene water reducing agent, 0.63kg of fatty alcohol sulfate anionic surfactant, 3.1kg of cellulose ether, 15.3kg of attapulgite and 72.77kg of I-grade fly ash; putting the raw materials into a mixer, fully mixing for 4 minutes, and uniformly mixing and then putting the mixture into an additive bin for later use; (3) preparing 100kg of dry-mixed plastering mortar DPM5.0 finished product, wherein the dry-mixed plastering mortar comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 17.2kg of ordinary portland cement, 7.1kg of I-grade fly ash, 49.8kg of river sand, 23.8kg of furnace bottom slag and 2.1kg of plastering mortar master batch; the materials are put into a mixer and fully mixed for 3 minutes, the dry-mixed plastering mortar DPM5.0 can be obtained after even mixing, and when the dry-mixed plastering mortar is used, a proper amount of water is added and the mixture is evenly stirred.
Performance test
Dry-mixed plastering mortars were prepared and mixed with water to prepare plastering mortars according to the methods of examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 9, the properties of the plastering mortars were measured according to the following methods, and the results of the measurements are reported in Table 2:
1. bonding strength: detecting according to JGJ/T220 technical specification of plastering mortar;
2. shrinkage rate: detecting according to GB/T25181-2019 premixed mortar;
3. setting time: detecting according to GB/T25181-2019 premixed mortar;
4. water retention: detecting according to GB/T24181-2019 premixed mortar;
5. coefficient of thermal conductivity: detection is carried out according to GB/T20473-2006 building thermal insulation mortar.
TABLE 2 Performance testing of the plastering mortars prepared in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 9
As can be seen from the data in table 2, the plastering mortar prepared in examples 1 to 9 has the advantages of high adhesive strength, short setting time, high early strength, strong adhesive force, no slipping and flowing of the plastering mortar when sealing the vertical reserved seam, low later shrinkage, good flexibility, difficult cracking and high thermal conductivity, and the building waste powder is doped in examples 10 to 12 to recover the waste concrete, and the thermal conductivity of the prepared plastering mortar is improved, so that the plastering mortar does not crack and fall off in a large area due to temperature stress caused by inconsistent internal and external temperatures in the hardening process.
In comparative example 1, as the nano silicon nitride is not added in the early strength agent, the detection result shows that the 3-day compressive strength of the plastering mortar is reduced, the initial setting time is prolonged, and the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced.
In comparative example 2, because the mass ratio of the nano silicon nitride to the coal gangue to the gypsum in the early strength agent is 1:1:0.6, the use amount of the coal gangue and the gypsum is reduced relative to the nano silicon nitride, the detection result shows that the early strength of the plastering mortar is reduced, and the setting time is prolonged.
Comparative example 3 since the mass ratio of silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum in the early strength agent is 1:1.5:1, it can be seen from the data in table 2 that the plastering mortar prepared in comparative example 3 has reduced compressive strength, prolonged setting time and reduced thermal conductivity.
In comparative example 4, as no fly ash, sodium nitrate and active magnesium oxide were added during the pretreatment of the bottom slag, the results of the test showed that the 28-day shrinkage of the plastering mortar was increased, the later-stage drying shrinkage was severe, the early-stage compressive strength was reduced, and the water retention was reduced.
Comparative example 5 since no water glass, polyvinyl alcohol and epoxy resin were added during the pretreatment of the bottom slag, the prepared plastering mortar had severe late shrinkage, was liable to crack, and had a reduced adhesive strength,
comparative example 6 a commercially available modified starch ether was used instead of the starch ether prepared according to the present invention, and it was found from the test results that the modified starch ether prepared according to comparative example 6 had decreased water retention, decreased adhesive strength, and increased shrinkage.
In the comparative example 7, since the graphene and the nano aluminum oxide are not added in the construction waste powder, the early strength of the plastering mortar is reduced, and the heat conductivity coefficient is reduced.
In comparative example 8, since no polyamide was added to the construction waste powder, the adhesive strength of the plastering mortar was decreased and the shrinkage ratio was increased in 28 days, as compared with example 10.
Comparative example 9 is plastering mortar prepared by using the existing furnace bottom slag, and the comparison of the detection results shows that the plastering mortar has the advantages of small bonding strength, low early strength, large shrinkage rate, long setting time and large heat conductivity coefficient.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the fabricated building is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of cement, 20-60 parts of fly ash, 30-50 parts of fine aggregate, 40-80 parts of bottom slag, 0.1-10 parts of plastic retaining agent, 0.1-5 parts of early strength agent, 0.1-5 parts of water reducing agent and 1-5 parts of modified starch ether;
the early strength agent comprises nano silicon nitride, coal gangue and gypsum with the mass ratio of 1 (1.1-1.4) to 0.7-0.9;
the furnace bottom slag is pretreated by the following steps: mixing and grinding 15-25 parts of bottom slag, 10-20 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of sodium nitrate and 6-12 parts of active magnesium oxide, grinding for 45-50min, adding 4-7 parts of water glass, 30-50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 1-2 parts of epoxy resin, mixing for 10-20min at 60-80 ℃, adding 0.4-1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate, heating to 70-80 ℃, stirring for 20-30min, and drying at 90-120 ℃.
2. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of cement, 40 parts of fly ash, 40 parts of fine aggregate, 60 parts of furnace bottom slag, 5 parts of plastic retaining agent, 5 parts of early strength agent, 3 parts of water reducing agent and 3 parts of modified starch ether.
3. The fabricated building prepared joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the modified starch ether is prepared by the following method: mixing 5-10 parts by weight of 90-95% ethanol, 1-3 parts by weight of corn starch, 6-12 parts by weight of monochloroacetic acid and 2-4 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, stirring at 40-50 ℃ for 4-6h, adding 1-3 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide, continuing to react at 40-50 ℃ for 8-10h, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7 by using glacial acetic acid, washing and filtering by using a solution prepared by mixing ethanol and water according to the mass ratio of 8-9:1, drying a filter cake at 45 ℃ for 10h, crushing, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.
4. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the water reducing agent is one or a combination of lignosulfonate, 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensed sodium salt, melamine high-efficiency water reducing agent or polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
5. The fabricated building crack sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any of claims 1-2, wherein the plastic retention agent is one or a combination of methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose or lignocellulose.
6. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the fly ash is ground for 10 to 15min, the fineness is 4 to 5.8 percent, the water demand ratio is 102 to 108 percent, the ignition loss is 5.2 to 5.5 percent, and the SO content is 108 percent3The content is 0.35-0.45%, and the content of free calcium oxide is 0.4-0.5%.
7. The assembly type construction reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the fine aggregate comprises river sand, the fineness modulus is 2.3 to 2.8, the mud content is 1 to 2 percent, the mud block content is 0 percent, and the apparent density is 2687-3Bulk density of 1642-1700kg/m3。
8. The assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the raw materials further comprise construction waste powder, the amount of the construction waste powder is 20 to 30 parts, and the construction waste powder is prepared by the following method: crushing, screening and secondarily crushing waste concrete to obtain powder, uniformly mixing the powder, nano-alumina and graphene according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8-1:0.6-0.8, adding polyamide and silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly mixing at 80-100 ℃, drying at 40-50 ℃ for 20-30min, taking out and grinding to obtain building waste powder, wherein the mass ratio of the polyamide to the silane coupling agent to the powder is 1-2:0.3-0.5: 1.
9. A preparation method of the assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, respectively drying the furnace bottom slag, the fine aggregate and the construction waste powder until the water content is lower than 0.2%, and sieving the materials by a 3mm sieve;
and S2, mixing the sieved furnace bottom slag and fine aggregate with cement, fly ash, a plastic retention agent, an early strength agent, a water reducing agent and modified starch ether to prepare the dry-mixed plastering mortar for sealing the reserved joint of the prefabricated building.
10. The preparation method of the assembly type building reserved joint sealing dry-mixed plastering mortar according to claim 9, wherein when preparing the plastering mortar, the dry-mixed plastering mortar and water are mixed and stirred according to the mass ratio of 1:0.12-0.26, the stirring speed is 80-100r/min, and the stirring time is 5-10 min.
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