CN111231453A - Carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111231453A CN111231453A CN202010149266.8A CN202010149266A CN111231453A CN 111231453 A CN111231453 A CN 111231453A CN 202010149266 A CN202010149266 A CN 202010149266A CN 111231453 A CN111231453 A CN 111231453A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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Abstract
The invention provides a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure and a preparation method thereof.A carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure is formed by arranging an aluminum honeycomb plate between a carbon fiber plate and an aluminum alloy plate for the first time, so that air between the carbon fiber plate and the aluminum alloy plate is exhausted in the forming process, the plate surface is prevented from forming fine bulges, the structural strength of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure is improved, and meanwhile, the aluminum honeycomb plate contains air in honeycomb holes, so that the carbon fiber plate and the aluminum alloy plate are not separated from each other due to the air, and the plate surface is smoother; because the structure of the aluminum honeycomb plate enables the aluminum honeycomb plate to have lower density, higher strength and stability, and the carbon fiber plate has higher specific strength, specific modulus and lower density, the aluminum honeycomb plate realizes a good supporting effect on the aluminum alloy plate, and controls the whole weight while obviously improving the rigidity of the structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon fiber composite materials, in particular to a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As a traditional metal material, the aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and good processability. The method is often well applied to the aircraft industry, the automobile industry, the home decoration industry, the electrical appliance industry and the like. For example, in the home appliance industry, the housing of the home appliance is often formed by injection molding using plastic materials such as high-fluidity ABS, PC, PP, and the like. Compared with ABS, PC and PP plastic materials, the aluminum alloy shell is lighter and thinner, and the appearance design is stronger. Therefore, aluminum alloy is selected as a raw material for a series of products such as high-end mobile phones, tablet computers, ultrathin televisions and the like.
However, the aluminum alloy shell which is relatively thin and light is often reduced along with the reduction of the wall thickness, the rigidity is gradually reduced, and the shell is easy to deform. In recent years, carbon fiber composite materials are continuously on the market, and carbon fibers have high specific strength and specific modulus and low density 1/3 compared with aluminum, and are novel materials with light weight and high strength. Therefore, the technical personnel consider that the carbon fiber composite material and the aluminum alloy are combined together to solve the deformation problem of the aluminum alloy, but in the actual combination process, the carbon fiber composite material plate surface and the aluminum alloy plate surface can form tiny bulges, and the structural strength of the whole composite structure is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defect that fine bulges are easily formed on the surface of the carbon fiber composite material and the surface of the aluminum alloy plate in the combining process of the existing aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite material, and the structural strength of the whole composite structure is influenced, and provides the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure and the preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure which comprises a carbon fiber plate, an aluminum alloy plate and an aluminum honeycomb plate, wherein the aluminum honeycomb plate is arranged between the carbon fiber plate and the aluminum alloy plate;
the tie coat sets up respectively between carbon fiber board and aluminium honeycomb panel and between aluminium alloy plate and the aluminium honeycomb panel to stack up carbon fiber board, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate as an organic whole through the tie coat.
Furthermore, the aperture of the honeycomb-shaped holes on the aluminum honeycomb plate is 4-6 mm.
Further, the thickness of the carbon fiber plate is 0.5-0.7 mm;
the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 0.5-0.7 mm;
the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate is 3-5 mm.
Further, the material of the bonding layer is a high-temperature-resistant structural adhesive film, preferably a J-99 high-temperature-resistant structural adhesive film.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, which comprises the following steps:
forming a bonding layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate, and forming a bonding layer on one surface of the carbon fiber plate;
placing the aluminum honeycomb plate between two bonding layers, and attaching the aluminum honeycomb plate with the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber plate to obtain a combined structure;
and carrying out first heat preservation on the combined structure under a first negative pressure, and obtaining the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure after pressure reduction and temperature reduction.
Further, the pressure of the first negative pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa;
the first heat preservation temperature is 150-.
Further, the temperature of the composite structure is raised from room temperature to 150-200 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 3-8 ℃/min.
Further, before forming the bonding layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate, the method also comprises the steps of carrying out first ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using an alkaline degreasing agent, washing with water and then drying;
and after the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using the alkaline degreasing agent, the method further comprises the step of performing second ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a neutral degreasing agent.
Further, the alkaline degreasing agent is a CL-102 degreasing agent; the neutral degreasing agent is a TM-26 degreasing agent.
Further, the preparation method of the carbon fiber plate comprises the following steps:
forming a release agent layer on the inner surface of the flat plate mould;
laying a plurality of layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth on the release agent layer to form a fiber material layer;
introducing a resin material into the layer of fibrous material under vacuum conditions;
and carrying out second heat preservation on the fiber material layer impregnated with the resin material under a second negative pressure, and reducing the pressure and the temperature to obtain the carbon fiber plate.
Further, the fibers in the adjacent unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are perpendicular to each other;
the vacuum degree of the step of introducing the resin material into the fiber material layer is between-0.06 Mpa and-0.1 Mpa.
Further, the step of performing a second heat preservation on the fiber material layer impregnated with the resin material under a second negative pressure includes:
heating to 90-110 deg.C at 1.5-2.5 deg.C/min under second negative pressure of 0.15-0.25Mpa, and maintaining for 15-25 min;
heating to 140-160 deg.C at 2.0-2.5 deg.C/min under a third negative pressure of 0.45-0.55Mpa, and maintaining the temperature for 90-120 min.
Further, the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth can be 3K, 6K or 12K unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, wherein the higher the K value is, the higher the strength of the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is.
Further, the resin material is mixed with the curing agent at room temperature in a certain ratio before the introduction of the fiber material layer.
Further, the resin material is high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin;
the ratio is 1: (1-2).
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure comprises a carbon fiber plate, an aluminum alloy plate and an aluminum honeycomb plate, wherein the aluminum honeycomb plate is arranged between the carbon fiber plate and the aluminum alloy plate; the tie coat sets up respectively between carbon fiber board and aluminium honeycomb panel and between aluminium alloy plate and the aluminium honeycomb panel to stack up carbon fiber board, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate as an organic whole through the tie coat. First through set up aluminium honeycomb panel between carbon fiber plate and aluminium alloy plate, the discovery can guarantee that the air between carbon fiber plate and the aluminium alloy plate arranges to the greatest extent at carbon fiber plate, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate layer forming process, avoids the face to form tiny swell, improves aluminium matrix composite structure's of carbon fiber structural strength, simultaneously, aluminium honeycomb panel is because honeycomb hole contains the air for can not take place the separation because of the air between carbon fiber plate and the aluminium alloy plate, the face is more level and more smooth.
2. According to the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure provided by the invention, due to the structure of the aluminum honeycomb plate, the aluminum honeycomb plate has lower density, higher strength and stability, and the carbon fiber plate has higher specific strength, specific modulus and lower density (the density is only 1/3 of aluminum alloy), so that a good supporting effect on the aluminum alloy plate is realized, the rigidity of the structure is obviously improved, and the integral weight is controlled. According to the test, the structure has a mass 20-40% less than that of a pure aluminum alloy plate of the same stiffness. Meanwhile, the aluminum honeycomb plate has higher compressive strength and good heat preservation, heat insulation, heat dissipation and shock resistance, and the carbon fiber plate has good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, so that the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure also has the performances or properties and has good adaptability to different environments; through the test, adopt aluminium honeycomb panel as the core, have bigger intensity than traditional strengthening rib structure aluminum plate, therefore the deflection is littleer.
3. According to the preparation method of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, the aluminum alloy plate, the carbon fiber plate, the aluminum honeycomb plate and the bonding layer form a combined structure and then are heated under negative pressure, so that the bonding layer is solidified to bond each structural layer, and then the firm carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure is obtained.
4. According to the preparation method of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using the alkaline degreasing agent and is dried after being washed by water, so that grease on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate can be fully dissolved, oil stains on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate can be effectively removed, no solvent is remained, and the cleaning effect is superior to that of a mode of spraying the degreasing agent, so that effective bonding with a bonding layer is ensured, and the integral strength of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure is further ensured; after the first ultrasonic cleaning, the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to second ultrasonic cleaning by using a neutral degreasing agent and then is washed clean by using clear water, so that the surface of the aluminum alloy plate can be further cleaned, oil stains are removed completely, the aluminum alloy plate is suitable for heavy oil stain aluminum alloy plates, meanwhile, the neutral degreasing agent cannot oxidize the metal surface, the metal surface is blackened, and the cleaning agent is simpler to remove; the carbon fiber plate is prepared by adopting the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, so that the cost of raw materials is reduced by more than 50%, and in the preparation process, the fiber material layer impregnated with the resin material is subjected to segmented pressure application and temperature rise to reduce the defects in the fiber material layer, so that the structure of the carbon fiber plate is more uniform and stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram of a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-carbon fiber plate; 2-aluminum alloy plate; 3-aluminum honeycomb panel; 4-autoclave; 5-demoulding cloth; 6-vacuum bag; 7-vacuum tube.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, which includes a carbon fiber plate 1, an aluminum alloy plate 2, and further includes,
the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is arranged between the carbon fiber plate 1 and the aluminum alloy plate 2;
the tie coat sets up respectively between carbon fiber plate 1 and aluminium honeycomb panel 3 and between aluminium alloy plate 2 and the aluminium honeycomb panel 3 to through the tie coat with carbon fiber plate 1, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate 2 range upon range of as an organic whole.
Above-mentioned aluminium base composite structure of carbon fiber, first through set up aluminium honeycomb panel 3 between carbon fiber plate 1 and aluminium alloy plate 2, the discovery can be at carbon fiber plate 1, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate 2 layers forming process, guarantee that the air between carbon fiber plate 1 and the aluminium alloy plate 2 is arranged to the greatest extent, avoid the face to form tiny swell, improve the structural strength of aluminium base composite structure of carbon fiber, and simultaneously, aluminium honeycomb panel 3 includes the air because cellular hole, make can not take place the separation because of the air between carbon fiber plate 1 and the aluminium alloy plate 2, the face is more level and more smooth. Because the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 has lower density, higher strength and stability due to the structure, and the carbon fiber plate 1 has higher specific strength, specific modulus and lower density (the density is only 1/3 of aluminum alloy), the aluminum honeycomb plate 2 is well supported, and the whole weight is controlled while the rigidity of the structure is obviously improved. Simultaneously, aluminum honeycomb panel 3 has higher compressive strength, and has good heat preservation, thermal-insulated, heat dissipation, shock resistance, and carbon fiber plate 1 has good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, therefore carbon fiber aluminium base composite construction also has above performance or nature, all has good adaptability to different environment.
Further, the thickness of the carbon fiber plate 1 is 0.5-0.7 mm; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate 2 is 0.5-0.7 mm; the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 3-5 mm. The strength and the weight of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure are controlled by controlling the thickness of each structural layer, so that the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure has good strength and low weight.
Furthermore, the aperture of the honeycomb holes on the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 4-6 mm, the aperture size is related to the compressive strength and the supporting force thereof, and the moderate aperture size ensures that the aluminum honeycomb plate has low weight while having good supporting force.
Furthermore, the material of the bonding layer is a high-temperature resistant structural adhesive film, preferably a J-99 high-temperature resistant structural adhesive film. The high-temperature-resistant structural adhesive film has high structural strength in a high-temperature state, and cannot be softened and lose efficacy, so that the adhesive is cracked.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, which comprises the following steps:
forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate 2, and forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the carbon fiber plate 1;
placing the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 between the two bonding layers, and attaching the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 with the aluminum alloy plate 2 and the carbon fiber plate 1 to obtain a combined structure;
covering the surface of the composite structure with demolding cloth 5 and air-permeable felt, placing into a vacuum bag 6, vacuumizing at normal temperature, maintaining the negative pressure in the bag, confirming that the positions of the structural layers are not deviated, transferring into an autoclave 4, heating to 170 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, simultaneously applying external pressure of 0.3Mpa, keeping the temperature for 90min, stopping pressure and temperature, cooling along with a furnace, taking out the combined structure from the autoclave and removing the bag when the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, thus obtaining the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure. The autoclave process is shown in fig. 2, and the vacuum-pumping operation in autoclave 4 is performed through vacuum tube 7.
The preparation process of the carbon fiber plate 1 comprises the following steps:
forming a release agent layer on the inner surface of the flat plate mould; laying a plurality of layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth on the release agent layer, sequentially laying the release agent cloth 5, the flow guide net and the air felt on the carbon fiber cloth, and filling the whole into a vacuum bag 6; introducing high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin into the fiber material layer under the condition that the vacuum degree is-0.06 Mp so as to discharge bubbles in the resin; after the fiber is completely soaked, moving the fiber into an autoclave 4, vacuumizing and maintaining the vacuum degree of 0.10Mpa, then heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 20min, simultaneously applying external pressure of 0.2Mpa, then heating to 150 ℃ at the speed of 2.0 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 100min, and increasing the external pressure to 0.5 Mpa. Stopping vacuumizing, closing heating, pressurizing, cooling with the furnace, taking out of the tank when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, and demolding. The fibers in the adjacent unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are mutually vertical, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth can be 3K unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.
Further, prior to introduction into the layer of fibrous material, the high temperature epoxy resin and curing agent are mixed at room temperature in a ratio of 1: 1, and mixing.
Wherein the surface blowing of the aluminum alloy sheet 2 comprises the steps of:
carrying out first ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, and drying after washing by using water;
after the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using an alkaline degreasing agent, the method further comprises the step of performing second ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent.
Immersing the aluminum alloy plate into an ultrasonic cleaning tank containing an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, soaking for 5min, keeping the temperature in the tank at 60 ℃, brushing the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a brush roller, soaking into the ultrasonic cleaning tank containing a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent, rinsing for 2-3 times by using pure water after soaking for 3min, and drying the rinsed aluminum plate by using hot air.
Wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber plate 1 is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate 2 is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 4mm, and the aperture of the honeycomb holes on the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 5 mm.
The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment has a smooth surface, and through tests, the structure has the mass 30% less than that of a pure aluminum alloy plate with the same rigidity, and the bending strength of the structure is improved by 40% compared with that of a traditional aluminum plate with a reinforcing rib structure; through testing the rigidity of the composite board, the rigidity of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment is improved by 20 percent compared with the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure without the aluminum honeycomb board.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, which comprises the following steps:
forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate 2, and forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the carbon fiber plate 1;
placing the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 between the two bonding layers, and attaching the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 with the aluminum alloy plate 2 and the carbon fiber plate 1 to obtain a combined structure;
covering the surface of the composite structure with demolding cloth 5 and air-permeable felt, placing into a vacuum bag 6, vacuumizing at normal temperature, maintaining the negative pressure in the bag, confirming that the positions of the structural layers are not deviated, transferring into an autoclave 4, heating to 200 ℃ at 8 ℃/min, simultaneously applying 0.2Mpa external pressure, keeping the temperature for 80min, stopping pressure and temperature, cooling along with a furnace, taking out the combined structure from the autoclave and removing the bag when the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, thus obtaining the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure. The autoclave process is shown in fig. 2, and the vacuum-pumping operation in autoclave 4 is performed through vacuum tube 7.
The preparation process of the carbon fiber plate 1 comprises the following steps:
forming a release agent layer on the inner surface of the flat plate mould; laying a plurality of layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth on the release agent layer, sequentially laying the release agent cloth 5, the flow guide net and the air felt on the carbon fiber cloth, and filling the whole into a vacuum bag 6; introducing high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin into the fiber material layer under the condition that the vacuum degree is-0.1 Mpa so as to discharge bubbles in the resin; after the fiber is completely soaked, moving the fiber into an autoclave 4, vacuumizing and maintaining the vacuum degree of 0.10Mpa, then heating to 110 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 15min, simultaneously applying external pressure of 0.15Mpa, then heating to 160 ℃ at the speed of 2.5 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 90min, and increasing the external pressure to 0.45 Mpa. Stopping vacuumizing, closing heating, pressurizing, cooling with the furnace, taking out of the tank when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, and demolding. The fibers in the adjacent unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are mutually vertical, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth can be 6K unidirectional carbon fiber cloth.
Further, prior to introduction into the layer of fibrous material, the high temperature epoxy resin and curing agent are mixed at room temperature in a ratio of 1: 1, and mixing.
Wherein the surface blowing of the aluminum alloy sheet 2 comprises the steps of:
carrying out first ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, and drying after washing by using water;
after the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using an alkaline degreasing agent, the method further comprises the step of performing second ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent.
Immersing the aluminum alloy plate into an ultrasonic cleaning tank containing an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, soaking for 5min, keeping the temperature in the tank at 60 ℃, brushing the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a brush roller, soaking into the ultrasonic cleaning tank containing a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent, rinsing for 2-3 times by using pure water after soaking for 3min, and drying the rinsed aluminum plate by using hot air.
Wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber plate 1 is 0.5 mm; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate 2 is 0.5 mm; the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 5mm, and the aperture of the honeycomb holes on the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 6 mm.
The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment has a smooth surface, and through tests, the structure has the mass 20% less than that of a pure aluminum alloy plate with the same rigidity, and the bending strength of the structure is improved by 66% compared with that of a traditional aluminum plate with a reinforcing rib structure; through testing the rigidity of the composite board, the rigidity of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment is improved by 20 percent compared with the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure without the aluminum honeycomb board.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure, which comprises the following steps:
forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate 2, and forming an adhesive layer on one surface of the carbon fiber plate 1;
placing the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 between the two bonding layers, and attaching the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 with the aluminum alloy plate 2 and the carbon fiber plate 1 to obtain a combined structure;
covering the surface of the composite structure with demolding cloth 5 and air-permeable felt, placing into a vacuum bag 6, vacuumizing at normal temperature, maintaining the negative pressure in the bag, confirming that the positions of the structural layers are not deviated, transferring into an autoclave 4, heating to 150 ℃ at 3 ℃/min, applying external pressure of 0.4Mpa, keeping the temperature for 100min, stopping pressure and temperature, cooling along with a furnace, taking out the combined structure from the autoclave and removing the bag when the temperature is reduced to below 80 ℃, thus obtaining the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure. The autoclave process is shown in fig. 2, and the vacuum-pumping operation in autoclave 4 is performed through vacuum tube 7.
The preparation process of the carbon fiber plate 1 comprises the following steps:
forming a release agent layer on the inner surface of the flat plate mould; laying a plurality of layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth on the release agent layer, sequentially laying the release agent cloth 5, the flow guide net and the air felt on the carbon fiber cloth, and filling the whole into a vacuum bag 6; introducing high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin into the fiber material layer under the condition that the vacuum degree is-0.08 Mpa so as to discharge bubbles in the resin; after the fiber is completely soaked, moving the fiber into an autoclave 4, vacuumizing and maintaining the vacuum degree of 0.10Mpa, then heating to 90 ℃ at 1.5 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 25min, simultaneously applying external pressure of 0.25Mpa, then heating to 140 ℃ at 2.3 ℃/min and preserving the temperature for 120min, and increasing the external pressure to 0.55 Mpa. Stopping vacuumizing, closing heating, pressurizing, cooling with the furnace, taking out of the tank when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, and demolding. The fibers in the adjacent unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are mutually vertical, and the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth can be 12K unidirectional fiber cloth.
Further, prior to introduction into the layer of fibrous material, the high temperature epoxy resin and curing agent are mixed at room temperature in a ratio of 1: 2, and mixing.
Wherein the surface blowing of the aluminum alloy sheet 2 comprises the steps of:
carrying out first ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, and drying after washing by using water;
after the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using an alkaline degreasing agent, the method further comprises the step of performing second ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent.
Immersing the aluminum alloy plate into an ultrasonic cleaning tank containing an alkaline CL-102 degreasing agent, soaking for 5min, keeping the temperature in the tank at 60 ℃, brushing the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a brush roller, soaking into the ultrasonic cleaning tank containing a neutral TM-26 degreasing agent, rinsing for 2-3 times by using pure water after soaking for 3min, and drying the rinsed aluminum plate by using hot air.
Wherein the thickness of the carbon fiber plate 1 is 0.7 mm; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate 2 is 0.7 mm; the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 3mm, and the aperture of the honeycomb holes on the aluminum honeycomb plate 3 is 4 mm.
The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment has a smooth surface, and through tests, the structure has 40% less mass than a pure aluminum alloy plate with the same rigidity, and the bending strength of the structure is improved by 75% compared with that of a traditional aluminum plate with a reinforcing rib structure; through testing the rigidity of the composite board, the rigidity of the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure prepared by the embodiment is improved by 20 percent compared with the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure without the aluminum honeycomb board.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure comprises a carbon fiber plate and an aluminum alloy plate, and is characterized by also comprising,
the aluminum honeycomb plate is arranged between the carbon fiber plate and the aluminum alloy plate;
the tie coat sets up respectively between carbon fiber board and aluminium honeycomb panel and between aluminium alloy plate and the aluminium honeycomb panel to stack up carbon fiber board, aluminium honeycomb panel and aluminium alloy plate as an organic whole through the tie coat.
2. The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the honeycomb holes of the aluminum honeycomb panel is 4-6 mm.
3. The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbon fiber sheet has a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm;
the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 0.5-0.7 mm;
the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb plate is 3-5 mm.
4. The carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the bonding layer is made of a high temperature resistant structural adhesive film, preferably a J-99 high temperature resistant structural adhesive film.
5. A method for preparing a carbon fiber aluminium-based composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
forming a bonding layer on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate, and forming a bonding layer on one surface of the carbon fiber plate;
placing the aluminum honeycomb plate between two bonding layers, and attaching the aluminum honeycomb plate with the aluminum alloy plate and the carbon fiber plate to obtain a combined structure;
and carrying out first heat preservation on the combined structure under a first negative pressure, and obtaining the carbon fiber aluminum-based composite structure after pressure reduction and temperature reduction.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first negative pressure is 0.2 to 0.4 Mpa;
the first heat preservation temperature is 150-.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the temperature of the composite structure is raised from room temperature to about 150 ℃ to about 200 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 3-8 ℃/min.
8. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, further comprising a step of performing a first ultrasonic cleaning of the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet using an alkaline degreasing agent and drying after washing with water before forming the adhesive layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy sheet;
and after the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to first ultrasonic cleaning by using the alkaline degreasing agent, the method further comprises the step of performing second ultrasonic cleaning on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by using a neutral degreasing agent.
9. The method for producing a carbon fiber sheet according to any one of claims 5 to 8, comprising the steps of:
forming a release agent layer on the inner surface of the flat plate mould;
laying a plurality of layers of unidirectional carbon fiber cloth on the release agent layer to form a fiber material layer;
introducing a resin material into the layer of fibrous material under vacuum conditions;
and carrying out second heat preservation on the fiber material layer impregnated with the resin material under a second negative pressure, and reducing the pressure and the temperature to obtain the carbon fiber plate.
10. The production method according to claim 9, wherein fibers in the adjacent unidirectional carbon fiber cloth are perpendicular to each other;
the vacuum degree of the step of introducing the resin material into the fiber material layer is between-0.06 Mpa and-0.1 Mpa.
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the step of subjecting the fiber material layer impregnated with the resin material to a second heat preservation under a second negative pressure comprises:
heating to 90-110 deg.C at 1.5-2.5 deg.C/min under second negative pressure of 0.15-0.25Mpa, and maintaining for 15-25 min;
heating to 140-160 deg.C at 2.0-2.5 deg.C/min under a third negative pressure of 0.45-0.55Mpa, and maintaining the temperature for 90-120 min.
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