CN111231361A

CN111231361A - Horizontal plunger type pipe extruder

Info

Publication number: CN111231361A
Application number: CN202010030959.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭小波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-01-13
Filing date: 2020-01-13
Publication date: 2020-06-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal plunger type pipe extruder which comprises a hydraulic system, an electric control system, a feeding system, a host and a matched die. The equipment improves a series of defects of the original vertical plunger type extruder, and can be used for producing and processing various high-viscosity high-molecular polymers (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the like) pipes. When producing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipe, the method is not limited by the molecular weight, thereby producing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipe with excellent processing performance, and being also used for processing and molding non-plastic materials such as metal, ceramic powder and the like. The invention has simple and reliable structure, wide application range and convenient popularization and application.

Description

Horizontal plunger type pipe extruder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plastic extrusion molding equipment, is mainly used for extruding pipes or hollow profiles, and particularly relates to a horizontal plunger type pipe extruder.

Background

The plastic extrusion molding equipment comprises a screw extruder and a plunger extruder, the plunger extruder is mainly used for molding high-viscosity materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the like, the existing horizontal plunger extruder is mainly used for producing bars or solid products, and pipes or hollow products are produced by the vertical plunger extruder, but the vertical plunger extruder needs to be arranged at a height position equivalent to a second floor or a third floor to produce longer products, and due to the influence of a field and an installation mode, the production of the vertical plunger extruder has different limits on the caliber, the length and the molding quality of the pipes, and the operation is troublesome, so the vertical plunger extruder cannot be applied in a large scale. At present, the modified screw extruder is mostly used for producing polytetrafluoroethylene pipes and a small amount of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipes, and the modified screw extruder is mostly used for producing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene industrial pipes which are widely applied at present, but the performance of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is influenced due to modification.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a horizontal plunger type pipe extruder to overcome the defects of the existing equipment and enable the horizontal plunger type pipe extruder to be widely applied to the forming and processing of various high-viscosity polymers.

The technical scheme of the invention is a horizontal plunger type pipe extruder, and as shown in figure 1, the horizontal plunger type pipe extruder is a general mechanism diagram of the invention, and the equipment consists of a hydraulic station, an electric control cabinet and an extruder main machine. The hydraulic station 1 serves as a power unit to provide power for all oil cylinders of a main machine of the extruder, the electric control cabinet 2 is responsible for a power supply system, a heating system and a control system of the main machine of the whole set of equipment, the main machine of the extruder presses and molds materials after feeding of a feeding device and pushes the materials to a sintering area, and the final shape and size of a product are obtained through a shaping device after heating, sintering and molding.

The main frame of the extruder is the core technology of the invention, and as shown in figure 2, the main frame is a top view of the main frame, a four-plate four-column plate-frame type hydraulic press structure is adopted, each plate respectively bears different functions, the structure and function of the device are not changed by the change of the number of guide posts and the shape of a plate frame, a tail plate 4 is a mounting plate of a main oil cylinder 3, a core mold fixing plate 5 is arranged in front of the tail plate, a core mold 18 is fixed on the plate through a core mold support 19 and moves back and forth along with the main oil cylinder, a fixing plate 6 of an extruder plunger 16 is arranged in front of the core mold fixing plate, two auxiliary oil cylinders 17 are arranged on any one side of the two sides of the plunger, the main functions are that when the core mould is retreated and reset, the plunger piston keeps the state of pressing materials and resets after the core mould is reset, the head plate 9 is a fixed plate of the mould base 11, wherein, through holes with proper sizes are arranged on the plunger fixing plate and the die base fixing plate according to the production requirements of products so as to adapt to the installation of dies.

The main machine of the extruder can complete the production of pipes with corresponding specification and size by matching with a corresponding matched mould, for example, fig. 3 is a sectional view of the mould structure of the invention, the structure of the mould structure comprises a core mould 18, a plunger 16, a mould base 11, a feeding mould 15 and an outer mould 12, the core mould is a cylindrical metal object with a smooth surface, in the embodiment of the invention, the design of an electric heating module arranged in the core mould is adopted to improve the production efficiency, a temperature sensing line and a power line of the electric heating module penetrate out of a threading pin 20 of the core mould base, the whole core mould is tightly pressed and fixed on the core mould base 19 by a core mould fixing bolt 13, and the threading pin can not only play a threading function but also play. When a small-caliber pipe or a thin-wall pipe and the like are produced without heating a core die, the core die can be fixed on a core die support by other methods such as direct threaded connection without a core die fixing bolt, a plunger 16 is a cylindrical metal pipe with a mounting flange and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the pipe are matched, the cylindrical metal pipe is fixed on a plunger fixing plate through a flange, a die base 11 is an intermediate body for fixing an outer die 12 and a feeding die 15, the middle of the die base is a through hole with the same inner diameter as the outer die, and a cooling water flow passage is arranged at the periphery of the through hole to cool materials so as to ensure. The feeding die is a hollow cylinder with a plane cut at the upper part and a feeding port 22, the hollow cylinder is connected to the inner side of the die base through a flange, an intermediate bin 10 is arranged on the plane, and a material pressing cylinder 8 is arranged right above the feeding port and used for ensuring the consistency of materials in a feeding cavity through the downward pressing of the cylinder during feeding and keeping the pressure to prevent the materials from overflowing from the feeding port during the operation of the plunger. The outer mold is fixed on a mold base through a flange, a proper number of heating rings are arranged outside the outer mold according to production requirements to heat and sinter and form materials, an extension section is arranged on a core mold fixing bolt at the outer end of a core mold, a sizing mold 14 with a slight taper is installed on the extension section, and a free stroke is arranged between the sizing mold and the core mold to ensure that the sizing mold does not move synchronously with the core mold when the materials are extruded.

The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: the material is fed into an intermediate bin 10 above a feeding die 15 from a large hopper 7 above a machine table, a level indicator is arranged on the intermediate bin to control the feeding frequency of the large hopper, the material naturally enters a cavity between the feeding die and a plunger in the lower part through a feeding hole 22 due to the action of gravity, the plunger 16 is always kept at the rear position in the feeding hole in the feeding die and does not separate from the feeding die when in work, then an air cylinder 8 above the feeding hole works to compact the material in the feeding cavity and continuously maintain pressure, a main oil cylinder 3 starts to work to push a core die 18 forwards, the plunger 16 is pushed forwards by a step surface of a core die seat to stop and keep a certain time after the material is forwards pressed to a fixed position, at the moment, the air cylinder 8 is retracted, an auxiliary oil cylinder 17 works to keep the plunger in the existing state when the pressure maintaining of the main oil cylinder is finished, and then the, the auxiliary oil cylinder works again after the main oil cylinder is reset to reset the plunger to the original position, the feeding hole is opened to enter the next circulation, the materials are continuously pressed to a sintering area for sintering and forming through continuous circulation, and the materials are cooled and shaped to form a qualified product, and the whole process is completed through PLC control in the electric control cabinet. The equipment has simple and reliable structure, wide applicability and good mould centering property, can greatly improve the production efficiency by heating the core mould and the outer mould simultaneously, can produce various high molecular polymer pipes which are difficult to extrude by the screw extruder, in particular ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pipes, and can also be used for processing other powder forming pipes such as ceramics, metals and other materials.

Description of the drawings: fig. 1 is a general structural diagram of the present invention, fig. 2 is a top view of a main frame, and fig. 3 is a sectional view of a mold structure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal plunger type pipe extruder comprises (1) a main machine, as shown in figure 2, and is characterized in that the horizontal hydraulic press structure is a four-plate four-column horizontal hydraulic press structure, and a core mould fixing plate and a plunger fixing plate are controlled by a main oil cylinder and an auxiliary oil cylinder respectively to realize specific functions, and (2) a mould, as shown in figure 3, the horizontal plunger type pipe extruder is characterized in that the core mould, the plunger and a mould base are respectively arranged on the corresponding fixing plates of the hydraulic press, the motion matching precision of the plunger and the core mould is ensured by a guide column of the hydraulic press, and the mould base has the effects of cooling and material pressure-resistant cavities besides the function of connecting an outer mould and a feeding mould.

2. As shown in figure 3, the special fixing mode of the core die is utilized to open threading holes on the core die and the core die support and install threading pins, and the heating module can be arranged in the core die through the threading pins and simultaneously heat the materials with the heating module of the outer die, so that the sintering time of the materials is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

3. As shown in figure 1, an intermediate bin and a material pressing cylinder are arranged above a feeding hole of a feeding die so as to ensure the continuity of feeding and the consistency of feeding pressure.

4. Referring to fig. 3, a slidable setting mold is provided at the end of the core mold to set the material.