CN111230526A

CN111230526A - Cam type stress-free clamping device

Info

Publication number: CN111230526A
Application number: CN202010119738.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 易晓满; 张安顺; 陈建波; 马彪; 刘子渝; 曹壹傑
Original assignee: Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2020-06-05

Abstract

The invention relates to a cam type stress-free clamping device, which comprises: the pressing device comprises a pressing nail, a C-shaped gasket, a pressing plate, a sliding block type metal base plate, two rubber gaskets and a cam. The pressing plate can be fixed in the base with the T-shaped groove by the pressing nail and the C-shaped gasket, and the superposition and separation of the convex surface at the lower part of the pressing nail and the T-shaped notch are realized by rotating the outer hexagonal head on the pressing nail, so that the pressing plate is loosened and clamped; the cam is arranged on the pressure plate through a lower cylindrical pin, and the cam is tightly pushed and loosened by rotating an outer hexagonal head at the upper end of the cam; the rubber gaskets are clamped on two sides of the metal base plate and between the cam and a part to be processed, and clamping force is dispersed. The clamp has the characteristics of high clamping efficiency and strong universality.

Description

Cam type stress-free clamping device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, in particular to a cam type stress-free clamping device.

Background

In the machining process, especially in the rough machining process, due to the large amount of cutting scraps, the clamping stress is prevented from being too large as much as possible; on the other hand, in order to repair and make holes, the clamp is required not to be lapped on the top surface of the part. Therefore, when a part is roughly machined, repaired and drilled, the part is generally fixed in a stress-free clamping mode with a side surface pressed, so that deformation caused by stress release after machining and interference collision between a cutter and a clamp during repairing in the machining process are avoided.

The existing stress-free clamping scheme has certain limitations: firstly, in the clamping process, the part to be processed needs to be compressed by repeatedly rotating a screw for pre-compression and knocking an adjusting pressure plate, the clamping process is long in time, and the clamping efficiency is low; secondly, the clamping reliability is poor because the clamping force of knocking and pressing is difficult to control

The same thing as this patent is not found by referring to the existing patents and academic papers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cam type unstressed clamping device which can be quickly fixed on a special tool with a T-shaped groove, quickly and tightly jacks a part to be machined from the side surface of the part to be machined through the rotation of a cam to realize the unstressed clamping of the part to be machined, and has the advantages of high clamping efficiency and high reliability.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a cam type unstressed clamping device comprises a pressing nail, a pressing plate, a base, a T-shaped stop block and a cam; the back half part of the pressure plate is provided with an open slot, the middle part of the pressure plate is provided with a step, two sides of the bottom of the front half part are provided with step-shaped chutes, and the front end of the pressure plate is provided with a through hole; the upper end of the compression nail is a nail head, the middle part of the compression nail is a polished rod, and the lower end of the compression nail is provided with a top block; the base is provided with a T-shaped groove; the bottom of the base plate is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding groove of the pressing plate; the bottom of the cam is provided with a bolt; the pressing nail is arranged in an open slot of the pressing plate, and the lower end of the pressing nail is clamped in a T-shaped slot of the base; the bolt at the bottom of the cam is rotatably arranged in the through hole of the pressing plate; the slide block of the backing plate is arranged in the slide groove of the pressing plate, the T-shaped stop block is arranged on the other T-shaped groove of the base, and the part is clamped between the backing plate and the T-shaped stop block.

The top block at the lower end of the compression nail is provided with a step in a slope transition mode, and the top surface of the step is a plane.

The included angle between the transition inclined plane of the step of the top block of the pressing nail and the horizontal plane is not more than 30 degrees.

The width of the top surface of the step of the top block of the compression nail is smaller than the width of the T-shaped notch of the base.

And a C-shaped gasket is arranged between the upper end nail head of the compression nail and the pressure plate.

The sliding block of the base plate is in clearance fit with the sliding groove of the pressing plate.

Rubber gaskets are arranged between the cam and the base plate and between the base plate and the part.

The maximum radius of the cam is at least 3 mm larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate, and the minimum radius of the cam is not larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate.

The invention has the following advantages:

the pressing plate is fixed in the base with the T-shaped groove through the pressing nail and the C-shaped gasket, the superposition and separation of the convex surface at the lower part of the pressing nail and the T-shaped notch are realized through rotating the outer hexagon on the pressing nail, and the loosening and clamping of the pressing plate are conveniently and quickly realized; the side face is tightly propped through rotating the cam, the clamping force is easy to control, and the clamping is more reliable; the rotary side surface is clamped, the stroke is short, the operation is convenient, and the process of stress-free clamping can be more efficient; the rubber gaskets are arranged on the two sides of the metal base plate, so that the stress of the part to be processed is uniformly dispersed; the clamping efficiency is high, and the commonality is strong.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of one embodiment.

Figure 2 is an exploded view of one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an example application of one embodiment.

Figure 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of one embodiment clamped in a T-shaped slot in a base.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present patent refers to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present patent application.

Example 1

A part 11 to be processed is placed on a base 9 of the cam type stress-free clamping device, and the base 9 comprises a T-shaped groove; the rear half part of a pressing plate 3 is provided with an open slot, the middle part is provided with a step, two sides of the bottom of the front half part are provided with step-shaped chutes, and the front end is provided with a through hole; the upper end of the compression nail 1 is a nail head, the middle part is a polished rod, and the lower end is provided with a top block; the base 9 is provided with a T-shaped groove; the bottom of the backing plate 5 is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding groove of the pressing plate; the bottom of the cam 7 is provided with a bolt; the pressing nail 1 is arranged in an open slot of the pressing plate 3, and the lower end of the pressing nail is clamped in a T-shaped slot of the base 9; the bolt at the bottom of the cam 7 is rotatably arranged in the through hole of the pressure plate 3; the slide block of the backing plate 5 is arranged in the slide groove of the pressing plate 3, the T-shaped stop block 10 is arranged on the other T-shaped groove of the base 9, and the part is clamped between the backing plate 5 and the T-shaped stop block 10.

Example 2

When a part is clamped, a T-shaped stop block 10 is placed on a T-shaped groove of a base 9 on the right side of the part;

the bolt of the cam 7 is clamped into the through hole of the pressure plate 3 so that the bolt can rotate but cannot be pulled out;

a backing plate 5 is arranged on the left side of the part;

penetrating a compression pin 1 into an open slot of a pressure plate 3, placing a top block of the compression pin 1 into a T-shaped slot of a base 9, and closing a sliding slot of the pressure plate 3 with a sliding block of a base plate 5;

rubber gaskets are arranged on two sides of the base plate 5;

heightening the compression nail 1 by using a C-shaped gasket 2 until the C-shaped gasket 2 with the minimum specification can not be cushioned in any more, wherein the C-shaped gasket comprises various thickness specifications, and preferably, the minimum specification is not more than 1 mm;

after the pressing nail 1 is rotated by 90 degrees, the top surface of the top block at the lower end of the pressing nail is vertical to the T-shaped notch, the pressing plate 3 is pressed on the base 9, and the front end of the pressing plate is in contact with the part 11 to be processed; the included angle between the inclined plane of the top block of the compression nail 1 and the horizontal plane is preferably not more than 30 degrees; the width of the top surface of the top block is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical rod and is smaller than the width of the T-shaped notch of the base; the upper end of the compression nail 1 is preferably in an external hexagon shape;

the rotating cam 7 extends out of the front end of the pressing plate to tightly push the part to be processed; the maximum radius of the cam 7 is larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate, preferably at least larger than 3 mm; the minimum radius is no greater than the distance from the cam axis to the front face of the platen 3.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, a cam type unstressed clamping device comprises a compression pin 1, a C-shaped gasket 2, a pressure plate 3, a metal backing plate 5 in the form of a slider, two

rubber gaskets

4 and 6 and a cam 7. The cam 7 is fixed at the front end of the pressing plate 3 through a cylindrical pin with a clamping groove at the lower end and can rotate around the cylindrical pin without being detached; after

rubber gaskets

4 and 6 are respectively stuck to the two sides of the base plate 5, a sliding block of the base plate 5 is inserted into a groove at the front end of the pressing plate 3; the pressing plate is clamped into the pressing nail 1 through an open slot at the rear end of the pressing plate 3, and the pressing plate 3 can be pressed by inserting C-shaped gaskets 2 with different thickness specifications into the pressing nail 1. The rubber gasket 4 is sandwiched between the cam and the metal back plate 5, which can prevent the cam 7 from being damaged due to line contact, and increase friction to lock the cam 7, preventing the cam 7 from rotating. When the rubber gasket 6 is clamped between the metal base plate 5 and the part 11 to be processed, the friction can be increased and the surface of the part 11 can be protected from generating indentation. The metal backing plate 5 uniformly transmits uneven loads transmitted by the cam 7 and the rubber 4, so that the stress area of the part 1 is increased, the load is uniformly distributed, and the surface of the part 11 to be processed is prevented from generating indentation. An included angle between the inclined plane of the lower end top block of the compression nail 1 and the horizontal plane is preferably not more than 30 degrees, so that the resistance in screwing is reduced; the width of the top surface of the top block at the lower end of the compression nail 1 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical rod and is smaller than the width of the T-shaped notch of the base 9, so that the lower end can sink into the T-shaped notch; the upper end nail head of the pressing nail 1 is in an outer hexagon shape, and a hexagon wrench can be used for screwing. The C-shaped gasket 2 comprises a variety of thickness specifications, preferably a minimum specification of no more than 1 mm. The upper end of the cam 7 is hexagonal, and can be screwed by using a hexagonal wrench; the lower end of the clamping plate is provided with a bolt with a clamping groove, and the clamping plate can be arranged in a front end hole of the pressing plate 3 and is not detached any more, so that the clamping plate is convenient to use.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in an application example of an embodiment, a specific application process of the cam type unstressed clamping device 8 is as follows: a part 11 to be processed is placed on a base 9 with a T-shaped groove, and the right side surface of the part is abutted against a T-shaped stop block 10 to realize positioning; inserting the lower end face of a compression nail 1 of a clamping device 8 into a T-shaped groove through a round hole in a tool 9, and sliding the lower end face to a position outside the round hole of the T-shaped groove; tightly attaching the processed part 11 to the backing plate 5; rotating the compression nail 1 to enable the top surface of the lower end of the compression nail to be aligned with the notch of the T-shaped groove, and adding the C-shaped gasket 2 until the C-shaped gasket with the minimum specification can not be inserted any more; rotating a cam 7 of a clamping device 8 until the cam 7 does not protrude out of the front end of the pressing plate 3, adjusting the position of the pressing plate 3 until the front end of the pressing plate 3 contacts the rubber gasket 4, and enabling the rubber gasket 6 to be attached to the left side surface of the part 11; screwing the upper end of the compression nail 1 to enable the top surface of a top block at the lower end of the compression nail 1 to be tightly attached to the T-shaped groove, so that the pressing plate 3 can be fixed on the base 9; the upper end of the cam 7 is screwed, so that the cam 7 protrudes out of the front end of the pressing plate 3, and the part can be tightly pressed. Before and after the pressing of the pressing nail 1, the moving distance of the top surface of the lower end of the pressing nail relative to the base 9 in the vertical direction is slightly larger than the minimum specification thickness of the C-shaped gasket 2, so that the pressing plate can be pressed on the base. The minimum radius of the cam 7 is not more than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end surface of the pressing plate 3, so that the cam 7 can not protrude out of the front end of the pressing plate 3; the maximum radius is larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate, so that the cam can protrude out of the front end face of the pressing plate to press the part.

The present invention has been described in more detail with reference to specific examples, but the specific description should not be construed as limiting the invention. It will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected by a person skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cam type unstressed clamping device is characterized by comprising a pressing nail, a pressing plate, a base, a T-shaped stop block and a cam; the back half part of the pressure plate is provided with an open slot, the middle part of the pressure plate is provided with a step, two sides of the bottom of the front half part are provided with step-shaped chutes, and the front end of the pressure plate is provided with a through hole; the upper end of the compression nail is a nail head, the middle part of the compression nail is a polished rod, and the lower end of the compression nail is provided with a top block; the base is provided with a T-shaped groove; the bottom of the base plate is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding groove of the pressing plate; the bottom of the cam is provided with a bolt; the pressing nail is arranged in an open slot of the pressing plate, and the lower end of the pressing nail is clamped in a T-shaped slot of the base; the bolt at the bottom of the cam is rotatably arranged in the through hole of the pressing plate; the slide block of the backing plate is arranged in the slide groove of the pressing plate, the T-shaped stop block is arranged on the other T-shaped groove of the base, and the part is clamped between the backing plate and the T-shaped stop block.

2. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: the top block at the lower end of the compression nail is provided with a step with an inclined surface transition, and the top surface of the step is a plane.

3. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 2, wherein: the included angle between the transition inclined plane of the step of the top block of the pressing nail and the horizontal plane is not more than 30 degrees.

4. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 2, wherein: the width of the top surface of the step of the top block of the compression nail is smaller than the width of the T-shaped notch of the base.

5. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: and a C-shaped gasket is arranged between the upper end nail head of the compression nail and the pressure plate.

6. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: the sliding block of the base plate is in clearance fit with the sliding groove of the pressing plate.

7. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: rubber gaskets are arranged between the cam and the base plate and between the base plate and the part.

8. The cam type unstressed clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: the maximum radius of the cam is at least 3 mm larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate, and the minimum radius of the cam is not larger than the distance from the axis of the cam to the front end face of the pressing plate.