CN111230147B

CN111230147B - Lathe for processing retainer

Info

Publication number: CN111230147B
Application number: CN202010143802.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭秀忠; 贾时杰; 冯飞; 孙帅; 李德进
Original assignee: Zhejiang Manulife Automobile Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Manulife Automobile Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-04
Filing date: 2020-03-04
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-04
Also published as: CN111230147A

Abstract

The invention relates to a lathe for machining a retainer, which comprises a lathe spindle, a lathe chuck, a product positioning chuck and a chuck translation mechanism, wherein the product positioning chuck comprises a base plate and a plurality of top claws distributed along the circumferential direction of the base plate, the top claws are connected to the base plate in a sliding mode along the radial direction of the base plate, the inner ends of the top claws along the radial direction of the base plate extend into avoidance holes and are provided with chamfer surfaces, the lathe chuck is provided with a product reference tube mounting column coaxial with the lathe spindle, the free end of the product reference tube mounting column is provided with a conical extrusion head used for matching with the chamfer surfaces to drive the top claws to lift out of the circumferential surface of the base plate, the product reference tube mounting column is sleeved with a product reference tube, and the outer circumferential surface of the product reference tube is a cylindrical surface and is coaxial with. The invention aims to have the advantage of high coaxiality of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the processed retainer, and solves the problem of large scrappage of the retainer processed by the existing lathe because the coaxiality of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces does not meet the requirement.

Description

Lathe for processing retainer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing machining, in particular to a lathe for machining a retainer.

Background

The cage is a component on the bearing. In the process of machining the retainer, the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the retainer need to be machined by a lathe. When the existing lathe fixes a workpiece, the workpiece is fixed by closing the clamping jaws, when the clamping mode is used for processing the outer periphery of the retainer, the outer periphery of the processed retainer is coaxial with a lathe spindle, but the inner periphery of the retainer is difficult to keep coaxial with the lathe spindle in the clamping process, so that the rate of the coaxiality of the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the processed retainer is high, and the retainer is a waste product when the coaxiality deviation of the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the retainer does not meet the requirement in the manufacturing process of the bearing; in addition, the outer peripheral surface of the retainer needs to be occupied during clamping, so that the outer peripheral surface of the retainer can be machined twice (namely, one end is clamped to machine the other end, then the other end is taken down to change the direction of the retainer, and the other end is clamped to machine one end), time is wasted during clamping by twice machining, and the two machined parts generate a phenomenon of different axes, so that the quantity of products with unsatisfactory quality is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lathe for machining a retainer, which can ensure that the coaxiality of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the machined retainer is high, and solves the problem of large scrappage caused by the fact that the coaxiality of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the retainer machined by the existing lathe is not satisfactory.

The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme: a lathe for machining a retainer comprises a lathe body, a lathe spindle arranged on the lathe body and a lathe chuck connected to the lathe spindle, and is characterized by further comprising a product positioning chuck and a chuck translation mechanism for driving the product positioning chuck to be separated and combined relative to the lathe chuck, wherein the product positioning chuck comprises a base disc and a plurality of top jaws distributed along the circumferential direction of the base disc, the top jaws are radially and slidably connected to the end face, facing one end of the lathe chuck, of the base disc, a avoiding hole is formed in the center, facing one end of the lathe chuck, of the base disc, the inner ends, facing the radial direction of the base disc, of the top jaws extend into the avoiding hole and are provided with a chamfer surface, the lathe chuck is provided with a product reference tube mounting column coaxial with the lathe spindle, the free end of the product reference tube mounting column is provided with a conical extrusion head used for matching the chamfer surface to drive the top jaws to rise out of the circumferential face of the base, the lathe chuck is characterized in that a product reference pipe is sleeved on the product reference pipe mounting column, the outer peripheral surface of the product reference pipe is a cylindrical surface and is coaxial with the lathe spindle, the chuck translation mechanism comprises a pull rod which penetrates through the base disc, the product reference pipe mounting column, the lathe chuck and the lathe spindle simultaneously, one section of the pull rod is provided with a pressing head for pressing the base disc, and the other end of the pull rod is connected with a cylinder for driving the pull rod to translate. During the use, select the external diameter with on the same product benchmark pipe erection column of the internal diameter of the holder of processing, then make the base plate fold to the toper extrusion head through the shrink of cylinder, thereby the toper extrusion head top chamfer face makes the top claw follow the radial outward movement of base plate and tightly pushes up on the inner peripheral surface of the holder of waiting to process, realizes fixing the holder of waiting to process together with the lathe chuck, then through the rotation of lathe main shaft and cooperate the lathe tool to process the outer peripheral face of holder can. Because fixed for realizing fixedly on the inner peripheral surface of holder through the jack catch when fixed, the outer peripheral face that does not need to occupy the holder when fixed to make once clamping can accomplish this global processing, thereby make the whole part of global that processes out coaxial, can not produce the not coaxial phenomenon in global both ends. The inner peripheral surface of the retainer is coaxial with the lathe spindle after the retainer is clamped on the lathe, and the machined surface of the lathe-machined product (namely the outer peripheral surface of the retainer) is coaxial with the lathe spindle, so that the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the machined retainer are coaxial.

Preferably, the product reference pipe is provided with a connecting disc, and the connecting disc is connected with the lathe chuck through a bolt. The reliability of the retainer rotating along with the lathe spindle can be improved.

Preferably, the chamfer surface is a conical surface, the cone where the chamfer surface is located is coaxial with the conical head, and the taper of the cone where the chamfer surface is located is equal to that of the conical head. The abrasion generated during driving is small, and the stability is good.

Preferably, the aperture of the avoiding hole is larger than the diameter of the product reference pipe mounting column. The stroke of the top claw can be improved.

Preferably, the pull rod is connected with the cylinder through a universal joint. The cylinder and the pull rod are not required to be coaxial during manufacturing, and the convenience during manufacturing is improved.

Preferably, the pull rod and the universal joint are in threaded connection.

Preferably, the pressing head and the base plate are in mirror fit and abut together. The influence of the pull rod on the coaxiality of the inner ring and the outer ring of the processed retainer can be reduced.

Preferably, the product reference tube is provided with a conical positioning section. When the lathe spindle is used, the retainer is sleeved and the end face of the retainer abuts against the positioning section to be positioned in a state of being coaxial with the lathe spindle. When the retainers with different inner diameters are processed, the product reference pipe does not need to be replaced, and convenience in time change is realized.

The lathe clamping device further comprises a first clamping ring, a second clamping ring and a clamping spring, wherein the first clamping ring is sleeved on the pull rod and is positioned on one side, away from a lathe chuck, of the base plate, the second clamping ring is sleeved on the product reference pipe and the positioning section, the clamping spring drives the second clamping ring to move towards the first clamping ring, the end face, towards one end of the second clamping ring, of the first clamping ring and the end face, towards one end of the first clamping ring, of the second clamping ring are both planes, the end face, towards one end of the second clamping ring, of the first clamping ring is perpendicular to a lathe spindle, and a distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the base plate and the first clamping ring is arranged between the base plate and the first clamping ring. When the lathe spindle is used, the two ends of the retainer in the circumferential direction are clamped by the first clamping ring and the second clamping ring, so that the axis of the retainer is parallel to the axis of the lathe spindle, and then the end of the retainer abuts against the positioning section and is automatically adjusted to be coaxial with the lathe spindle when the end of the retainer cannot move continuously. Then the base disc is driven to be separated from the first clamping ring through the distance adjusting mechanism, and as a result of separation, the chamfer surface presses the conical head extrusion head, so that the fixed claws are separated and tightly pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the retainer. The retainer on the clamp can be reliably ensured to be coaxial with the lathe spindle while the universality is ensured.

Preferably, the distance adjusting mechanism comprises two sliding grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first clamping ring on the end surface of one end, facing the base disc, of the first clamping ring, and sliding blocks which are connected in the sliding grooves and are separated from the first clamping ring, the sliding grooves extend along the radial direction of the first clamping ring, the bottom surfaces of the sliding grooves are inclined planes, the bottom surfaces of the two sliding grooves are parallel, the sliding blocks in the two sliding grooves are connected together through a connecting rod, and a driving screw for driving the sliding blocks to slide is connected to the end wall of one sliding groove in a threaded manner. When the clamping device is used, the sliding block is driven to move towards the shallow end of the sliding groove through the driving screw rod, so that the base disc is separated from the first clamping ring. The driving base plate moves to be matched with the conical pressing head to drive the jacking claws to be separated conveniently.

Preferably, 2 of the ring grooves are distributed in the vertical direction, the bottom surface of the sliding groove is inclined in a manner that the upper end of the sliding groove is far away from the base plate towards the lower end of the base plate, and the driving pull rod is arranged on the end wall of the sliding groove located below the sliding groove. When the driving screw is kept away, the sliding block can move under the action of gravity to lose the extrusion effect on the base disc. Namely, the extrusion action of the sliding block on the base disc is convenient to release.

The invention has the following advantages: when clamping is carried out, the inner circumferential surface of the retainer is conveniently coaxial with the lathe spindle, so that the coaxiality of the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the machined retainer is high, and the scrappage caused by the coaxiality of the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface can be reduced; the outer peripheral surface of the retainer does not need to be occupied during clamping, so that the whole outer peripheral surface of the retainer can be machined after primary clamping is finished, the clamping time can be saved, and the problem that parts machined twice are not coaxial due to secondary clamping is solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic usage status diagram according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a use state of the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: the lathe comprises a lathe body 1, a lathe spindle 2, a lathe chuck 3, a base plate 4, a top jaw 5, an avoidance hole 6, a chamfer surface 7, a product reference pipe mounting column 8, a conical extrusion head 9, a product reference pipe 10, a connecting disc 11, a bolt 12, a pull rod 13, a pressing head 14, a universal joint 15, an air cylinder 16, a retainer 17 to be machined and a positioning section 18. The positioning section is coaxial with the lathe spindle. The pull rod is sleeved with a first clamping ring 19, an end face 20 of the first clamping ring facing one end of the base plate, a sliding groove 21, a sliding block 22, a bottom face 23 of the sliding groove, a connecting rod 24, a driving screw 25, a second clamping ring 26, a clamping spring 27 and an end face 28 of the second clamping ring facing one end of the first clamping ring.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

In a first embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a lathe for machining a retainer includes a lathe body 1, a lathe spindle 2 provided in the lathe body, a lathe chuck 3 connected to the lathe spindle, a product positioning chuck, and a chuck translation mechanism for driving the product positioning chuck to open and close with respect to the lathe chuck. The product positioning chuck comprises a base plate 4 and a plurality of top claws 5 distributed along the circumferential direction of the base plate. And the top claw is connected on the end surface of the base disc, which faces one end of the lathe chuck, in a sliding manner along the radial direction of the base disc. And an avoidance hole 6 is formed in the center of one end, facing the lathe chuck, of the base disc. The inner end of the top claw along the radial direction of the base plate extends into the avoidance hole and is provided with a chamfer surface 7. The lathe chuck is provided with a product reference tube mounting column 8 which is coaxial with the lathe spindle. The free end of the product reference pipe mounting column is provided with a conical extrusion head 9 which is used for matching with the chamfer surface to drive the jacking claws to lift out of the peripheral surface of the base plate. The aperture of the avoiding hole is larger than the diameter of the product reference pipe mounting column. The chamfer surface is a conical surface. The cone where the chamfer surface is located is coaxial with the conical head, and the taper of the cone where the chamfer surface is located is equal to that of the conical head. The product reference tube mounting column is sleeved with a product reference tube 10. The outer peripheral surface of the product reference tube is a cylindrical surface and is coaxial with the lathe spindle. The product benchmark pipe is provided with a connecting disc 11. The connecting disc is connected with the lathe chuck through a bolt 12. The collet translation mechanism includes a pull rod 13 that passes through the base plate, the product reference tube mounting post, the lathe chuck, and the lathe spindle simultaneously. One section of the pull rod is provided with a pressing head 14 for pressing the base plate, and the other end of the pull rod is connected with a cylinder 16 for driving the pull rod to translate through a universal joint 15. The pull rod is coaxial with the lathe spindle. One end of the universal joint is positioned in the lathe spindle and is matched and connected with the lathe spindle through a taper key. The pull rod is connected with the universal joint through screw threads. The other end of the universal joint is positioned outside the lathe spindle and is connected with the spherical surface of the piston rod of the air cylinder to realize universal connection. The pressing head is matched with the mirror surface of the base disc and is abutted together.

Referring to fig. 2, when the lathe tool is used, a product reference pipe installation column with the same outer diameter as the inner diameter of a retainer 17 to be machined is selected, then the pull rod is pulled to move rightwards through contraction of the air cylinder, so that the base disc is folded on the conical extrusion head, the conical extrusion head pushes the chamfer surface to enable the ejection claw to move outwards along the radial direction of the base disc to be tightly ejected on the inner circumferential surface of the retainer to be machined, the retainer to be machined is fixed with a lathe chuck, and then the outer circumferential surface of the retainer is machined through rotation of a lathe spindle and matching of a lathe tool.

The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

referring to fig. 3, the free end of the product reference tube is provided with a tapered locating section 18. The positioning section is coaxial with the lathe spindle. The pull rod is sleeved with a first clamping ring 19. The first clamping ring is positioned on one side, away from the lathe chuck, of the base plate. The end surface 20 of the first clamping ring facing the end of the base plate, i.e. the right end surface in the figure, is perpendicular to the lathe spindle. A distance adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the base plate and the first clamping ring is arranged between the base plate and the first clamping ring. The distance adjusting mechanism comprises two sliding grooves 21 which are arranged on the end surface of one end of the first clamping ring facing the base disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first clamping ring, and a sliding block 22 which is connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode and drives the base disc to be separated from the first clamping ring. The runner extends in the radial direction of the first clamp ring. The 2 ring grooves are distributed along the up-down direction. The bottom surface 23 of the chute is a bevel, specifically: the bottom surface of the chute inclines in a manner that the upper end of the chute is far away from the base plate towards the lower end of the base plate. The bottom surfaces of the two sliding grooves are parallel. The sliding blocks in the two sliding chutes are connected together through a connecting rod 24, and the end wall of the sliding chute positioned below is in threaded connection with a driving screw rod 25. The driving screw rod is abutted against the lower end of the sliding block in the sliding groove positioned below. The product reference tube is sleeved with a second clamping ring 26 on the positioning section. And a clamping spring 27 for driving the second clamping ring to move towards the left is arranged between the second clamping ring and the connecting disc. When the clamping spring is in a free state, the positioning section is completely accommodated in the second clamping ring. The end face 28 of the second gripper ring facing the end of the first gripper ring is present on the lathe spindle.

Referring to fig. 4, when the lathe is used, the processed retainer is sleeved on the positioning section, the cylinder contracts to enable the first clamping ring to be matched with the second clamping ring to clamp the processed retainer and abut against the positioning section, and therefore the correction position of the processed retainer is coaxial with the lathe spindle. And then the driving screw rod is rotated to move upwards, the driving screw rod drives the two sliding blocks to move upwards until the two sliding blocks cannot move, and as a result of the movement, the sliding blocks drive the base disc to move towards the conical extrusion head, so that the conical extrusion head is matched with the chamfer surface to drive the jacking claws to move outwards along the radial direction of the base disc to be jacked on the inner surface of the processed retainer, and the processed retainer is fixed.

Claims

1. A lathe for machining a retainer comprises a lathe body, a lathe spindle arranged on the lathe body, and a lathe chuck connected to the lathe spindle, and is characterized by further comprising a product positioning chuck and a chuck translation mechanism for driving the product positioning chuck to be separated and combined relative to the lathe chuck, wherein the product positioning chuck comprises a base disc and a plurality of top jaws distributed along the circumferential direction of the base disc, the top jaws are radially and slidably connected to the end face, facing one end of the lathe chuck, of the base disc, a avoiding hole is formed in the center, facing one end of the lathe chuck, of the base disc, the inner ends, facing the radial direction of the base disc, of the top jaws extend into the avoiding hole and are provided with a chamfer surface, the lathe chuck is provided with a product reference tube mounting column coaxial with the lathe spindle, the free end of the product reference tube mounting column is provided with a conical extrusion head used for matching the chamfer surface to drive the top jaws to rise out of the circumferential face of the, the chuck translation mechanism comprises a pull rod which simultaneously penetrates through the base disc, the product reference tube mounting column, the lathe chuck and the lathe spindle, one section of the pull rod is provided with a pressing head for pressing the base disc, and the other end of the pull rod is connected with an air cylinder for driving the pull rod to translate; the product reference pipe is provided with a conical positioning section; the lathe for machining the retainer further comprises a first clamping ring and a clamping spring, wherein the first clamping ring and the first clamping ring are arranged on the pull rod, the first clamping ring is located on one side, away from a chuck of the lathe, of the base plate, the first clamping ring is arranged on the pull rod, the second clamping ring and the clamping spring are arranged on the product reference pipe and the positioning section, the second clamping ring and the clamping spring drive the second clamping ring to move towards the first clamping ring, the end face, towards one end of the second clamping ring, of the first clamping ring and the end face, towards one end of the second clamping ring, of the second clamping ring are both planes, the end face, towards one end of the second clamping ring, of the first clamping ring is perpendicular to a main shaft of the lathe.

2. The lathe for machining a cage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the product reference tube is provided with a connection plate, and the connection plate is connected to the lathe chuck by a bolt.

3. The lathe for machining a cage according to claim 1, wherein the chamfer is a tapered surface, a cone in which the chamfer is located is coaxial with the tapered extrusion head, and the taper of the cone in which the chamfer is located is equal to the taper of the tapered extrusion head.

4. The lathe for machining a cage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tie bar is connected to the cylinder by a universal joint.

5. The lathe for machining a cage as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tie bar is screwed to the universal joint.

6. The lathe for machining a cage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressing head and the base plate are in mirror-fit abutment with each other.

7. The lathe for machining the retainer according to claim 1, wherein the distance adjusting mechanism includes two sliding grooves which are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the first clamp ring and are provided on an end surface of the first clamp ring facing one end of the base plate, and a slide block which is slidably connected in the sliding grooves and separates the drive base plate from the first clamp ring, the sliding grooves extend in a radial direction of the first clamp ring, bottom surfaces of the sliding grooves are inclined surfaces, bottom surfaces of the two sliding grooves are parallel, the slide blocks in the two sliding grooves are connected together through a connecting rod, and a drive screw for driving the slide block to slide is threadedly connected to an end wall of one sliding groove.

8. The lathe for machining a cage as claimed in claim 7, wherein 2 of the slide grooves are distributed in a vertical direction, a bottom surface of the slide groove is inclined so that an upper end thereof is away from the base plate toward a lower end thereof, and the tie bar is provided on an end wall of the slide groove located below.