CN111229472A - Mineral collector and flotation process of copper sulfide ore - Google Patents
Mineral collector and flotation process of copper sulfide ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN111229472A CN111229472A CN202010095134.1A CN202010095134A CN111229472A CN 111229472 A CN111229472 A CN 111229472A CN 202010095134 A CN202010095134 A CN 202010095134A CN 111229472 A CN111229472 A CN 111229472A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Abstract
The invention provides a mineral collector and a flotation process of copper sulfide ore. The mineral collecting agent comprises, by weight, 6-8 parts of xanthate, 1-2 parts of nigre and 1-2 parts of thiourethane. The xanthate has stronger collecting capability, and the selectivity of the nigre and the thiourethane to the copper sulfide is better. When the three agents are mixed according to the proportion and used for flotation of copper sulfide ores, the mineral collecting agent can form a stable and uniform adsorption layer on the surface of copper sulfide, and the adsorption quantity of the three agents after combination is larger than the sum of the adsorption quantities of the three agents which are not combined on the surface of copper sulfide. On one hand, the complementary action of the three properties is promoted, and on the other hand, the performance of the three properties is better exerted. Based on the synergistic effect of the two aspects, the copper collector has excellent collecting capacity and selectivity. Based on the above factors, the recovery rate of copper sulfide can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to a mineral collecting agent and a flotation process of copper sulfide ore.
Background
Copper is a non-ferrous metal closely related to human beings, and is widely applied to the fields of electricity, light industry, national defense industry and the like. In recent years, the demand of copper is increasing due to the rapid development of economy in China. And the copper self-sufficiency rate in China is only 30%, and the contradiction between resource supply and demand is great.
Copper sulfide ores are enriched and recovered by adopting a flotation method. The collecting agent for copper sulfide ore mainly comprises xanthate, black powder, sulfur nitrogen, thionocarbamate and other medicaments. Xanthate is most widely applied, and has strong collecting capability but poor selectivity; the selectivity of the black drug is superior to that of the yellow drug, and the black drug has foamability; the selectivity of the thiourethane is good, the copper collecting capacity is strong, the chemical property is stable, and the foamability is achieved. In addition, researchers have developed many built collectors as collectors for copper sulfide. The current research focuses on the selectivity of copper sulfide ore collectors, and develops a plurality of compound collectors such as the combination of xanthate diester and butyl ammonium black, the combination of ethionamide and carbonyl thiourethane, and the combination of alkyl xanthate propionitrile ester and xanthate diester. The collecting agents have higher application value in processing the co-associated copper ore and the associated copper ore, but the recovery rate of copper is still to be improved when the single copper sulfide ore is processed.
For example, Chinese patent application with the patent application publication number of CN109731692A discloses a high-efficiency flotation separation method of copper sulfide ore, which discloses a high-efficiency flotation separation method of copper sulfide ore, wherein the copper sulfide ore is ground, the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 70 percent, and the mass percentage concentration of ore pulp is adjusted to be 40 percent; adding calcium oxide into ore pulp according to the proportion of 800-1500 g/t, adding a combined regulator into the ore pulp according to the proportion of 150-260 g/t, and adding a combined collector into the ore pulp according to the proportion of 80-120 g/t; the combined regulator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of sodium sulfide, 10-30 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate and 5-10 parts of sodium humate; the combined collector comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of alkyl xanthogen propionitrile ester, 0.5-2 parts of xanthate diester, 0.5-1 part of ammonium butryate, 1-2 parts of methylbenzyl azothionate and 1-2 parts of terpene alcohol.
The method is suitable for treating the sulfur-containing copper ore (namely the copper sulfide ore contains more pyrite or pyrrhotite), and the copper collecting agent emphasizes selectivity. When treating single copper sulphide ore, the collecting capability of the collector is still insufficient. In addition, in the mineral processing technological process, the energy consumption of the ore grinding section is very large and can account for 50% -60% of the whole technological process. Meanwhile, the finer the grinding fineness is, the more easily the ore is slimed, so that the flotation environment is deteriorated, the medicament consumption is increased, and the separation efficiency is reduced. If the effective recovery of the copper sulfide ore can be realized under the condition of ensuring the copper recovery rate and under the condition of relatively thick ore grinding fineness, the ore grinding energy consumption can be reduced, and meanwhile, the negative influence of ore argillization is reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a copper sulfide collector with stronger collecting capacity for improving the copper recovery rate of single copper sulfide ore. Furthermore, the agent can realize high-efficiency recovery of copper sulfide ore under relatively thick grinding fineness due to strong collecting capacity, reduce grinding energy consumption and weaken negative influence caused by ore argillization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a mineral collecting agent and a flotation process of copper sulfide ore, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient copper recovery rate in the prior art for treating single copper sulfide ore.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mineral collector comprising, by weight, 6 to 8 parts of xanthate, 1 to 2 parts of nigre, and 1 to 2 parts of thiourethane.
Further, the xanthate is one or more of butyl xanthate, amyl xanthate and isopropyl xanthate.
Further, the black powder is one or more of ammonium nitrate black powder, butyl sodium black powder and No. 25 black powder.
Further, the thiamine is one or more of ethionamide, propylthiamine, and butylthiamine.
According to another aspect of the invention, a flotation process for copper sulphide ore is provided, the flotation process comprising the steps of S1, wet grinding the copper sulphide ore to obtain a first pulp; step S2, mixing materials including the first ore pulp, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent, and performing roughing to obtain roughed copper concentrate and roughed copper tailings; step S3, carrying out fine concentration on the rough concentration copper concentrate to obtain copper concentrate; step S4, mixing the roughed copper tailings and a second collecting agent for scavenging to obtain copper tailings and scavenging foam, wherein the scavenging foam is recycled in step S4 or step S2; wherein, first collector is the same with the second collector, and first collector is above-mentioned any kind of mineral collector with the second collector.
Further, in the first ore pulp obtained in the step S1, the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm are 55 to 85% by mass of the total amount of the ore, and preferably 55 to 65% by mass of the total amount of the ore.
Further, the step S3 includes: carrying out ore grinding treatment on the roughed copper concentrate to obtain second ore pulp, wherein roughed copper concentrate particles with the particle size of less than 0.038mm in the second ore pulp are 75-85% of the total amount of the roughed copper concentrate in percentage by mass; the second pulp is beneficiated, preferably twice.
Further, in step S2, the mass ratio of the first collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 50000; the preferred blowing agent is a higher alcohol, preferably the higher alcohol is C6H13OH、C8H17OH、C10H17One or more of OH; the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the copper sulfide ore is preferably 1-3: 100000.
Further, adding an inhibitor in the concentration process of the step S3, wherein the mass ratio of the inhibitor to the copper sulfide ore is preferably 50-500: 1000000; the preferable inhibitor comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass, and the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the water glass is more preferably 1: 5-10.
Further, the step S4 includes mixing the roughed copper tailings and the second collecting agent, performing first scavenging to obtain intermediate ore pulp and first scavenging foam, preferably returning the first scavenging foam to the step S2 for roughing, and preferably, when performing the first scavenging, the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 100000; and (3) mixing the intermediate ore pulp with a second collecting agent, then carrying out second scavenging to obtain tailings and second scavenging foams, preferably returning the second scavenging foams to the first scavenging step, and preferably, when the second scavenging is carried out, the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-2: 100000.
Further, the solid content of the first ore pulp is 30-40%.
Further, after the step S1 and before the step S2, the method further includes adjusting the first slurry with a carbonate that is easily soluble in water, preferably Na2CO3、K2CO3、(NH4)2CO3Preferably, the stirring time is 1-5 min, and the mass ratio of the carbonate to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 2000.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, xanthate in the mineral collector has stronger collecting capability, and the selectivity of the nigrogen and the thiourethane to copper sulfide is better. When the three medicaments are mixed according to the proportion and used for the flotation of copper sulfide ores, the mineral collecting agent formed by combining the three medicaments can form a stable and uniform adsorption layer on the surface of copper sulfide, and the adsorption quantity of the combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide is more than the sum of the adsorption quantities of the non-combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide. On one hand, the complementary action of the three properties is promoted, and on the other hand, the performance of the three properties is better exerted. Based on the synergistic effect of the two aspects, the performance of the finally obtained copper collector is obviously superior to the superposition of the performances of the three parts, so that the copper collector has excellent collecting capability and selectivity. In addition, because the thiourethane and the nigricans selected from the combined medicament have certain foamability, a more stable mineralized foam layer can be formed, and the use of foaming agents is saved. Based on the above factors, the recovery rate of copper sulfide can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
figure 1 shows a flow diagram of the flotation process operation of copper sulphide ore according to the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As analyzed by the background technology, the problem of insufficient recovery rate of copper sulfide exists in the prior art, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides a mineral collector and a flotation process of copper sulfide ore.
In a typical embodiment of the present application, there is provided a mineral collector comprising, by weight, 6-8 parts of xanthate, 1-2 parts of nigre, and 1-2 parts of thiourethane.
The mineral collector is a flotation agent which changes the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral and enables the floated mineral to be adhered to the air bubbles. Mineral collectors have two of the most basic properties: can be selectively adsorbed on the surface of the mineral; can improve the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface, so that the mineral surface is easy to adhere to the air bubbles, thereby improving the floatability of the mineral. Therefore mineral collectors are of vital importance for the flotation effect of minerals.
The xanthate in the mineral collector has stronger collecting capability, and the selectivity of the nigre and the thiourethane to the copper sulfide is better. When the three medicaments are mixed according to the proportion and used for the flotation of copper sulfide ores, the mineral collecting agent formed by combining the three medicaments can form a stable and uniform adsorption layer on the surface of copper sulfide, and the adsorption quantity of the combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide is more than the sum of the adsorption quantities of the non-combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide. On one hand, the complementary action of the three properties is promoted, and on the other hand, the performance of the three properties is better exerted. Based on the synergistic effect of the two aspects, the performance of the finally obtained copper collector is obviously superior to the superposition of the performances of the three parts, so that the copper collector has excellent collecting capability and selectivity. In addition, because the thiourethane and the nigricans selected from the combined medicament have certain foamability, a more stable mineralized foam layer can be formed, and the use of foaming agents is saved. Based on the above factors, the recovery rate of copper sulfide can be improved.
In order to further improve the adsorption capacity of xanthate on the surface of the mineral and form a better compact adsorption layer with the xanthate and the thiourethane, so that the total adsorption capacity of the xanthate, the xanthate and the thiourethane on the surface of the mineral is increased, and the overall selectivity and the collecting capacity of the mineral collecting agent are improved through the synergistic effect of the xanthate, the xanthate and the thiourethane. The xanthate is preferably one or more of butyl xanthate, amyl xanthate and isopropyl xanthate.
In order to further improve the selectivity and the foaming property of the mineral collecting agent and form a better synergistic effect with xanthate and thiourethane, the black powder is preferably one or more of ammonium butyl black powder, sodium butyl black powder and No. 25 black powder. The black powder in the range is selected, so that the adsorption amount of the three medicaments on the surface of the mineral is increased, the adsorption uniformity is improved, the medicaments can play a role as much as possible, the functions are complemented, and the overall selectivity and the collecting capacity of the mineral collecting agent are improved.
In order to further improve the selectivity and the foaming property of the mineral collecting agent, and form a better synergistic effect with xanthate and nigricans to finally achieve functional complementation, the thiamine ester can be selected to be one or more of ethionamide, propylthiamine ester and buthionine ester. On one hand, the selectivity of the thiourethane is strong, and on the other hand, the adsorption of the thiourethane on the mineral is simultaneously beneficial to the adsorption of xanthate and nigre on the surface of the mineral, so that the thiourethane, the xanthate and the nigre can be functionally complemented to the maximum extent on the surface of the mineral, and the overall selectivity and collecting capability of the mineral collecting agent are improved.
In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, a flotation process for copper sulfide ore is provided, the flotation process comprising the steps of wet grinding copper sulfide ore to obtain a first slurry S1; step S2, mixing materials including the first ore pulp, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent, and performing roughing to obtain roughed copper concentrate and roughed copper tailings; and step S3, carrying out fine concentration on the rough concentration copper concentrate to obtain copper concentrate; step S4, mixing the roughed copper tailings and a second collecting agent for scavenging to obtain copper tailings and scavenging foam, wherein the scavenging foam is recycled in step S4 or step S2; wherein, first collector is the same with the second collector, and first collector is above-mentioned any kind of mineral collector with the second collector.
In the flotation process of the copper sulfide ore, the copper sulfide ore is subjected to wet grinding treatment to obtain first ore pulp capable of being used for roughing; and then mixing materials comprising the first ore pulp, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent and carrying out rough separation, wherein the collecting agent can change the hydrophilicity of copper sulfide mineral particles to generate hydrophobicity so as to enable the copper sulfide mineral particles to float, the foaming agent is used as an amphiphilic molecule and can be directionally adsorbed on a water-air interface, the surface tension of an aqueous solution is reduced, air filled into water is easy to disperse into stable bubbles, and therefore the foaming agent and the collecting agent are jointly adsorbed on the surfaces of the mineral particles, and the mineral particles float. Further, as in fig. 1, the repeated use of the scavenger foam in step S4 or step S2 is advantageous in improving the recovery rate of copper.
And through the synergistic effect of the first collecting agent with high selectivity and high collecting property and the foaming agent, the first ore pulp obtains better primary separation effect, the obtained rougher copper concentrate and rougher copper tailings obtained after roughing contain the first collecting agent and the foaming agent reserved in the roughing process, and under the synergistic effect of the first collecting agent and the foaming agent, the rougher copper concentrate is sufficiently refined, so that high-grade copper concentrate is obtained. And continuously adding a second collecting agent into the roughed copper tailings to carry out scavenging so as to further separate useful copper sulfide components from the roughed copper tailings, so that the recovery rate of copper is improved, and the waste of copper resources is reduced. Therefore, the first collecting agent is used in the flotation process of copper sulfide ores, so that the copper sulfide ores can be better sorted, and the recovery rate of copper is further improved under the condition of finally obtaining high-grade copper.
In order to ensure the copper grade and the copper recovery rate as much as possible and simplify the operation process, the first collecting agent and the second collecting agent are preferably the same.
Furthermore, the process of mixing and roughen the material comprising the first pulp, the first collector and the frother in the steps of the flotation process described above is a routine operation in the art, as can be seen from the prior art. As in the application, the material comprising the first ore pulp, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent is mixed and stirred for 2-4 min, and is floated for 3-4 min. And the refining of step S3 is not in sequence with the sweeping of step S4.
Preferably, in the first ore pulp obtained in the step S1, the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm are 55 to 85% by mass of the total amount of the ore, and preferably 55 to 65%.
Because the mineral collecting agent adopts the combined medicament of xanthate, black powder and ethionamide and the synergistic effect of the three mixed in a certain proportion is fully exerted, the mineral collecting agent has excellent collecting capability, selectivity and foamability. Therefore, when the copper sulfide ore flotation agent is applied to the flotation of copper sulfide ores, the copper sulfide ores with ore particles with the particle size smaller than 0.074mm and the fineness of 55-85% of the total amount of ores can be directly roughed. Particularly, when the first ore pulp with relatively thick grinding fineness of which the ore particles with the particle size of less than 0.074mm account for 55-65% of the total ore amount is treated, the ore grinding cost is reduced on one hand; on the other hand, the slime of fine particles formed by easy over-grinding in the coarse grinding process is reduced, so that the problem of poor selectivity in the flotation process caused by argillization is reduced, and the quality of the concentrate is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the step S3 includes: carrying out ore grinding treatment on the roughed copper concentrate to obtain second ore pulp, wherein roughed copper concentrate particles with the particle size of less than 0.038mm in the second ore pulp are 75-85% of the total amount of the roughed copper concentrate in percentage by mass; the second pulp is beneficiated, preferably twice.
The mineral collecting agent has excellent collecting capacity, selectivity and foamability, and can be directly used for copper sulfide ores with small particle sizes, and the copper sulfide ores are subjected to rough concentration and fine concentration to obtain high-grade and high-recovery copper. The collecting agent can be used for sorting fine-grain-size coarse copper sulfide ores, a good roughing effect can be achieved on the coarse-grain-size copper sulfide ores, the roughing copper concentrate obtained after roughing contains the first collecting agent and the foaming agent left in the roughing process, and under the synergistic effect of the first collecting agent and the foaming agent, the roughing copper concentrate can be selected sufficiently. In order to further remove impurities in the roughed copper concentrate particles to obtain high-grade copper concentrate, as shown in fig. 1, the roughed copper concentrate is ground to obtain a second ore pulp, wherein in the second ore pulp, roughed copper concentrate particles with the particle size of less than 0.038mm are 75-85% of the total amount of the roughed copper concentrate in percentage by mass, and then the second ore pulp is continuously refined to obtain high-grade and high-recovery copper.
The above-described beneficiation of the second slurry of the present application is a conventional operation in the art, and reference may be made to the prior art. As in the application, the roughing copper concentrate is concentrated without adding any reagent, the concentration time is 2-4 min, middlings obtained by the first concentration (marked as copper concentration I and shown in figure 1) are returned to the roughing operation, and tailings obtained by the second concentration (marked as copper concentration II and shown in figure 1) are returned to the first concentration operation.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the first collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 50000; the preferred blowing agent is a higher alcohol, preferably the higher alcohol is C6H13OH、C8H17OH、C10H17One or more of OH; the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the copper sulfide ore is preferably 1-3: 100000.
The first collecting agent and the foaming agent are favorable for improving the flotation effect of the copper sulfide ore, the higher alcohols of the types are selected as the foaming agent, the mass ratio of the first collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore and the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the copper sulfide ore are controlled within the range, the effects of the first collecting agent and the foaming agent are favorably brought into full play, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent form a synergistic effect, and the better flotation effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the amount of the first collecting agent and the foaming agent is reasonably controlled, so that unnecessary waste of the first collecting agent and the foaming agent is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
In one embodiment of the application, an inhibitor is added in the concentration process of the step S3, and the mass ratio of the inhibitor to the copper sulfide ore is preferably 50-500: 1000000; the inhibitor preferably comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass, and the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the water glass is more preferably 1: 1-10.
The above-mentioned mineral collector of this application is owing to have stronger collecting nature, selectivity to have higher floatability, be favorable to the abundant superficial of mineral at the rough concentration in-process, thereby detach most gangue. In the concentration process, in order to further remove gangue minerals in the rougher copper concentrate, an inhibitor can be properly added to reduce the flotability of the gangue minerals, so that the impurities are reduced to float along with the minerals, and more impurities are left in tailings to achieve the purpose of mineral concentration. The mass ratio of the inhibitor to the copper sulfide ore, the type of the inhibitor and the proportion of each component in the inhibition are all selected to effectively inhibit the floatability of the gangue minerals so as to hopefully achieve a good fine selection effect to the maximum extent.
Preferably, the step S4 includes mixing the roughed copper tailings and the second collecting agent, performing first scavenging to obtain intermediate ore pulp and first scavenging foam, preferably returning the first scavenging foam to the step S2 for roughing, and preferably, when performing the first scavenging, the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 100000; and (3) mixing the intermediate ore pulp with a second collecting agent, then carrying out second scavenging to obtain tailings and second scavenging foams, preferably returning the second scavenging foams to the first scavenging step, and preferably, when the second scavenging is carried out, the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-2: 100000.
The mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is controlled within the range, so that the collecting performance of the second collecting agent is fully exerted, copper and impurities in the roughed copper tailings are further separated, the loss of copper in the final tailings is reduced, and the recovery rate of copper is improved.
The above-described process of mixing the rougher copper tailings with the second collector and then performing scavenging in the present application is a routine operation in the art, and reference may be made to the prior art. As in the application, a copper collecting agent is added into copper roughing tailings and stirred for 2min to carry out first scavenging operation (marked as copper scavenging I, shown in figure 1), and the flotation time is 3-4 min. Returning the first scavenging foam product to the roughing operation. And (3) continuously adding the collecting agent into the scavenged tailings, stirring for 2min, and then carrying out second scavenging (marked as copper scavenging II, shown in figure 1) for 2-3 min. And returning the second scavenging foam product to the first scavenging operation, wherein the second scavenging tailings is the final tailings.
The flotation mineral is characterized in that useful minerals are selectively attached to air bubbles in the ore pulp and float to the surface of the minerals along with the air bubbles, and useless hydrophilic mineral parts are remained in water, so that the solid content of the first ore pulp is selected to be 30-40%, and the first ore pulp is more efficiently roughed.
In an embodiment of the present application, after the step S1 and before the step S2, the method further includes: the first ore pulp is regulated by carbonate which is easy to dissolve in water, and preferably, the carbonate is Na2CO3、K2CO3、(NH4)2CO3Preferably, the stirring time is 1-5 min, and the mass ratio of the carbonate to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 2000.
The carbonate is added to help to remove inevitable ions in the first ore pulp, such as calcium ions and magnesium ions, reduce the influence of the inevitable ions in the ore pulp on flotation, and help to change the surface electrical property of minerals in the ore pulp, promote the dispersion of the ore pulp to a certain extent, and facilitate the separation of useful minerals and useless minerals in the ore pulp.
The following will explain the advantageous technical effects of the present application by combining specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
And (3) experimental design: taking copper sulfide ore with copper grade of 1.85, adding water, and grinding the copper sulfide ore to obtain first ore pulp with solid content of 35%, and adding 750g of Na2CO3(the amount of the chemical added is measured in ton of ore, the same applies hereinafter). The ore particles with the particle size of less than 0.074mm in the first ore pulp are 60 percent of the total amount of the ore in percentage by mass. The first slurry, 40g of the first collector and 20g C10H17And OH is mixed and stirred for 3min, copper roughing is carried out, the flotation time is 3min, and roughing copper concentrate and roughing copper tailings are obtained. Wherein the weight ratio of the butyl xanthate to the butyl ammonium nigricane to the ethionamide in the first collecting agent is 7:1.5: 1.5.
And grinding the roughing copper concentrate to obtain second ore pulp. In the second ore pulp, the copper concentrate particles with the particle size of less than 0.038mm are 80% of the total amount of the copper concentrate in percentage by mass, the second ore pulp is subjected to blank concentration twice, 300g of inhibitor comprising sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass is added in the first concentration process, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the water glass is 1:6, and the flotation time is 3min, so that the copper concentrate is obtained. And returning the first copper concentration middlings obtained by the first concentration to the roughing operation, and returning the second copper concentration tailings obtained by the second concentration to the first concentration operation.
Adding 20g of second collecting agent into the roughed copper tailings, stirring for 2min, carrying out primary scavenging for 3min to obtain intermediate ore pulp, and returning primary scavenging foam products to the rougher operation. And adding 15g of a second collecting agent into the intermediate ore pulp, stirring for 2min, then carrying out second scavenging, wherein the flotation time is 3min, returning the second scavenged foam product to the first scavenging operation, and taking the second scavenged tailings as final tailings. The second collector composition is the same as the first collector composition.
On the basis of the test design, 500g of copper sulfide ore is used as an object to perform flotation according to the test design, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, the yield of the copper concentrate and the tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated, and the copper recovery rate is the percentage of copper in the copper sulfide ore in the copper concentrate.
The following examples and comparative examples are all specifications of experimental design, and the flotation operation is carried out on 500g of copper sulfide ore in actual operation.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp has a solids content of 30% and the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed and the yield of the copper concentrate and the tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp has a solids content of 40% and the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp has a solids content of 50% and the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 1 in that 500g of Na are added2CO3And adjusting, analyzing the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings, and calculating the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings.
Example 6
Example 6 differs from example 1 in that 1500gNa was added2CO3And adjusting, analyzing the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings, and calculating the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings.
Example 7
Example 7 differs from example 1 in that no Na is added2CO3And analyzing the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings, and calculating the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings.
Example 8
Example 8 differs from example 1 in that the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm represent 55% of the total ore, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and tailings is analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 9
Example 9 differs from example 1 in that the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm represent 65% of the total ore, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and tailings is analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 10
Example 10 differs from example 1 in that the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm represent 50% of the total ore, the copper grade of the copper concentrate, tailings is analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate, tailings and copper recovery are calculated.
Example 11
Example 11 differs from example 1 in that the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm represent 85% of the total ore, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and tailings is analyzed and the yield of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery are calculated.
Example 12
Example 12 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp, 20g of the first collector and 10g C were mixed10H17And OH is mixed and stirred, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 13
Example 13 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp, 60g of the first collector and 30g C were mixed8H17And OH is mixed and stirred, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 14
Example 14 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp, 15g of the first collector and 10gC10H17And OH is mixed and stirred, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 15
Example 15 differs from example 1 in that the first pulp, 40g of the first collector and 5g C were mixed10H17And OH is mixed and stirred, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the copper recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 16
Example 16 differs from example 1 in that the weight ratio of butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium nigride, ethioamine in the first collector was 8:1:1, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Example 17
Example 17 differs from example 1 in that the weight ratio of butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium nigride, ethioamine in the first collector was 6:2:2, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Example 18
Example 18 differs from example 1 in that the weight ratio of pentylxanthate, 25-black, ethioamine in the first collector was 7:1.5:1.5, the copper grades of the copper concentrate, tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate, tailings and copper recovery were calculated.
Example 19
Example 19 differs from example 1 in that the weight ratio of amyl xanthate, sodium butyl nigride, and albuterol in the first collector was 7:1.5:1.5, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Example 20
Example 20 differs from example 1 in that in the second pulp, the copper concentrate particles with a particle size of less than 0.038mm are 90% of the total amount of the copper concentrate by mass percent, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings is analyzed, and the yield of the copper concentrate and the tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated.
Example 21
Example 21 differs from example 1 in that in the second pulp, the copper concentrate particles with a particle size of less than 0.038mm are 75% of the total copper concentrate, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings is analyzed, and the yield and the recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 22
Example 22 differs from example 1 in that in the second pulp, the copper concentrate particles with the particle size of less than 0.038mm are 85% of the total amount of the copper concentrate, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings is analyzed, and the yield and the recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 23
Example 23 differs from example 1 in that in the second pulp, the copper concentrate particles with a particle size of less than 0.038mm are 60% of the total amount of the copper concentrate, the copper grade of the copper concentrate and the tailings is analyzed, and the yield of the copper concentrate and the tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated.
Example 24
Example 24 differs from example 1 in that 500g of an inhibitor comprising sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass, wherein the mass ratio of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to water glass is 1:5, were added in the first concentration process, the copper grades of the copper concentrate, tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate, tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Example 25
Example 25 differs from example 1 in that 500g of an inhibitor comprising sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass, wherein the mass ratio of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to water glass is 1:10, was added during the first concentration, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Example 26
Example 26 differs from example 1 in that no inhibitor including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass was added during the first concentration, the copper grade of the copper concentrate, tailings was analyzed, and the yield of copper concentrate, tailings and copper recovery were calculated.
Example 27
Example 27 differs from example 1 in that the rougher copper tailings are stirred for 2min by adding 30g of the second collecting agent, and then subjected to first scavenging, the intermediate pulp is stirred for 2min by adding 20g of the second collecting agent, and then subjected to second scavenging, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 28
Example 28 differs from example 1 in that the first scavenging is performed after 10g of the second collecting agent is added to the rougher copper tailings and stirred for 2min, the second scavenging is performed after 10g of the second collecting agent is added to the intermediate pulp and stirred for 2min, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 29
Example 29 differs from example 1 in that the rougher copper tailings are stirred for 2min by adding 5g of the second collecting agent, and then subjected to first scavenging, the intermediate pulp is stirred for 2min by adding 5g of the second collecting agent, and then subjected to second scavenging, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield and the recovery rate of the copper concentrate and the tailings are calculated.
Example 30
Example 30 differs from example 1 in that copper sulfide ore with a copper grade of 1.82 is taken, the weight ratio of butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium black and ethioamine in the first collector is 7:2:1, the amount of the foaming agent is 15g, the amount of the second stage scavenging collector is 10g, the copper grades of copper concentrate and tailings are analyzed, and the yield of the copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated.
Example 31
Example 31 differs from example 1 in that copper sulphide ore with a copper grade of 2.09 is taken, ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm account for 60% of the total amount of the ore, the amount of sodium carbonate is 850g, amyl xanthate, ammonium blackate and ammonium sulfate are 6:2:2 in the first collector, the amount of the first collector is 50g, the amount of the foaming agent is 15g, copper concentrate particles with a particle size of less than 0.038mm account for 82% of the total amount of the copper concentrate, and the amount of the second stage scavenging collector is 10g, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield of the copper concentrate and the yield of the tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated.
Example 32
Example 32 differs from example 1 in that copper sulfide ore with a copper grade of 1.45 is taken, ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm account for 63% of the total amount of the ore, sodium carbonate is used in an amount of 1000g, amyl xanthate, ammonium black and ammonium sulfate are used in an amount of 6:2:2 in the first collector, the amount of the first collector is 45g, the amount of the foaming agent is 15g, copper concentrate particles with a particle size of less than 0.038mm account for 85% of the total amount of the copper concentrate, and the amount of the second stage scavenging collector is 10g, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and the tailings are analyzed, and the yield of the copper concentrate and the yield of the tailings and the copper recovery rate are calculated.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 14 in that the weight ratio of butyl xanthate, butyl ammonium nigride, ethioamine in the first collector was 4:3:3, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 14 in that only 8 parts of butyl xanthate and 2 parts of butyl ammonium blackate were present in the first collector, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 14 in that only 8 parts of butyl xanthate and 2 parts of ethionamide were present in the first collector, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 14 in that only 5 parts of butyl xanthate and 5 parts of ethionamide were present in the first collector, the copper grades of the copper concentrate and tailings were analyzed, and the yields of copper concentrate and tailings and the copper recovery were calculated.
The results of the yields and recoveries of copper concentrate and copper tailings of examples 1 to 32 and comparative examples 1 to 4, and the grade of copper are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the mineral collector is a flotation agent which changes the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral and enables the floated mineral to be adhered to the air bubbles. Mineral collectors have two of the most basic properties: can be selectively adsorbed on the surface of the mineral; can improve the hydrophobicity of the mineral surface, so that the mineral surface is easy to adhere to the air bubbles, thereby improving the floatability of the mineral. Therefore mineral collectors are of vital importance for the flotation effect of minerals.
The xanthate in the mineral collector has stronger collecting capability, and the selectivity of the nigre and the thiourethane to the copper sulfide is better. When the three medicaments are mixed according to the proportion and used for the flotation of copper sulfide ores, the mineral collecting agent formed by combining the three medicaments can form a stable and uniform adsorption layer on the surface of copper sulfide, and the adsorption quantity of the combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide is more than the sum of the adsorption quantities of the non-combined three medicaments on the surface of copper sulfide. On one hand, the complementary action of the three properties is promoted, and on the other hand, the performance of the three properties is better exerted. Based on the synergistic effect of the two aspects, the performance of the finally obtained copper collector is obviously superior to the superposition of the performances of the three parts, so that the copper collector has excellent collecting capability and selectivity. In addition, because the ethionamide and the black powder have certain foamability, a more stable mineralized foam layer can be formed, and the use of a foaming agent is saved. Based on the above factors, the recovery rate of copper sulfide can be improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A mineral collector, characterized in that it comprises, in parts by weight:
6-8 parts of airpotato yam rhizome;
1-2 parts of a Heiyao; and
1-2 parts of thiourethane.
2. A mineral collector according to claim 1 wherein the xanthate is one or more of butyl xanthate, amyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate.
3. A mineral collector according to claim 1 wherein the black charge is one or more of a butylammonium black charge, a sodium butyl black charge, a No. 25 black charge.
4. A mineral collector according to claim 1 wherein the thiourethane is one or more of ethiosulfate, propylthiourethane, butylthiourethane.
5. A flotation process for copper sulfide ores, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, wet grinding the copper sulfide ore to obtain first ore pulp;
step S2, mixing the materials including the first ore pulp, the first collecting agent and the foaming agent, and performing roughing to obtain roughed copper concentrate and roughed copper tailings;
step S3, carrying out fine concentration on the rough concentration copper concentrate to obtain copper concentrate; and
step S4, mixing the rougher copper tailings and a second collecting agent for scavenging to obtain copper tailings and scavenging foam, wherein the scavenging foam is recycled in the step S4 or the step S2; wherein the first collector and the second collector are the same and are the mineral collector of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A flotation process according to claim 5, wherein in the first slurry obtained in step S1, the ore particles with a particle size of less than 0.074mm are 55-85%, preferably 55-65%, by mass of the total amount of ore.
7. The flotation process according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the step S3 comprises:
carrying out ore grinding treatment on the roughed copper concentrate to obtain second ore pulp, wherein roughed copper concentrate particles with the particle size smaller than 0.038mm in the second ore pulp are 75-85% of the total amount of the roughed copper concentrate in percentage by mass;
the second pulp is beneficiated, preferably twice.
8. A flotation process according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the mass ratio of the first collector to the copper sulphide ore is 1-3: 50000; preferably, the blowing agent is a higher alcohol, preferably the higher alcohol is C6H13OH、C8H17OH、C10H17One or more of OH; preferably, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 100000.
9. The flotation process according to claim 5, wherein an inhibitor is added in the concentration process of the step S3, and the mass ratio of the inhibitor to the copper sulfide ore is preferably 50-500: 1000000; preferably, the inhibitor comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water glass, and more preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to the water glass is 1: 5-10.
10. The flotation process according to claim 5, wherein the step S4 includes:
mixing the rougher copper tailings and a second collecting agent, performing first scavenging to obtain intermediate ore pulp and first scavenging foam, preferably returning the first scavenging foam to the step S2 for roughing, wherein the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 100000 when the first scavenging is performed;
and mixing the intermediate ore pulp and the second collecting agent, then carrying out second scavenging to obtain tailings and second scavenging foams, preferably returning the second scavenging foams to the first scavenging step, wherein the mass ratio of the second collecting agent to the copper sulfide ore is 1-2: 100000 when the second scavenging is carried out.
11. A flotation process according to claim 5, wherein the first pulp has a solids content of 30-40%.
12. The flotation process according to claim 5, further comprising, after the step S1 and before the step S2:
adjusting the first ore pulp by using carbonate which is easy to dissolve in water, wherein the carbonate is preferably Na2CO3、K2CO3、(NH4)2CO3Preferably, the stirring time is 1-5 min, and the mass ratio of the carbonate to the copper sulfide ore is 1-3: 2000.
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