CN111229222A - Platinum catalyst for catalyzing low-temperature alkane oxidation and preparation and application thereof - Google Patents
Platinum catalyst for catalyzing low-temperature alkane oxidation and preparation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002153 concerted effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z decaazanium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;hydron;trioxotungsten Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XAYGUHUYDMLJJV-UHFFFAOYSA-Z 0.000 claims 1
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000851 scanning transmission electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium tungsten Chemical compound [Ti].[W] MAKDTFFYCIMFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/652—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/6527—Tungsten
-
- B01J35/39—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite material made of TiO2And WO3A preparation method of a platinum catalyst taking a composite material as a carrier and photo-thermal catalysis application thereof. The preparation method comprises TiO2And WO3Compounding carrier and loading metal platinum. platinum/TiO obtained in the invention2‑WO3The catalyst can realize the high-efficiency combustion of the low-carbon alkane in a lower temperature range under the photo-thermal synergistic condition. Wherein platinum is the active center of the reaction; TiO 22And WO3The carriers are all good light absorption semiconductors, can promote the efficient separation of photon-generated carriers, and further activate platinum through electron transfer, thereby improving the reaction activity. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple and mild, can realize large-scale production, and has good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material made of TiO2And WO3A preparation method of a platinum catalyst taking a composite material as a carrier and photo-thermal catalysis application thereof. The preparation method comprises TiO2And WO3Compounding carrier and loading metal platinum. platinum/TiO obtained in the invention2-WO3The catalyst can be used under the photo-thermal synergistic conditionThe low-carbon alkane can be efficiently combusted at a lower temperature range. Wherein platinum is the active center of the reaction; TiO 22And WO3The carriers are all good light-absorbing semiconductors and can activate platinum by electron transfer. Compared with the reported catalyst activity and preparation method, the catalyst has obvious advantages in low-temperature combustion activity, and the preparation method is simple and mild.
Background
Fossil fuels provide strong power for the rapid development of the human society, but the combustion of the fossil fuels discharges a large amount of greenhouse gases, causes environmental problems such as rise of sea level, extreme weather increase and the like, and is widely concerned by countries in the world. Despite the greenhouse gas being CO2Mainly, but the greenhouse effect of lower alkanes is an equimolar amount of CO2More than 25 times (ACS Catalysis,2018,8,10306-10315), and the emission of low-carbon alkane is increasing day by day, which contributes to greenhouse effect. The low-carbon alkane is mostly generated in incomplete combustion at low temperature, for example, the tail gas discharged during cold start of an automobile contains a large amount of low-carbon alkane. Therefore, the low-temperature high-efficiency catalytic combustion of the light alkane has been a research hotspot and difficulty.
The low-temperature high-efficiency catalytic combustion requires that the catalyst not only has better stability, but also has higher catalytic activity in a low-temperature region (less than 300 ℃). However, there are still significant challenges to the catalysts that have been developed so far (Science,2012,337, 659-. Photocatalysis can enable chemical reactions to proceed at room temperature or even lower temperatures, but is limited by lower reaction rates. Therefore, the development of the catalyst with both light and thermocatalytic performances is of great significance, and the low-temperature catalytic combustion of the low-carbon alkane is expected to be realized. On one hand, the light can effectively adjust the electronic structure of the surface of the catalyst; on the other hand, appropriate heating can enhance the light conditioning effect. The patent describes a process for the preparation of a platinum catalyst for the sensitization of semiconductor TiO2And WO3The composite material is a carrier, platinum is an active center, and low-temperature efficient oxidation combustion of the low-carbon alkane can be realized under the photo-thermal condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a platinum catalyst and low-temperature photo-thermal catalysis application thereof. The catalyst can realize the high-efficiency combustion of the low-carbon alkane at a lower temperature range under the photo-thermal synergistic condition, and solves the problem that the catalytic combustion performance of the existing catalyst is poor at a low temperature.
In the low-temperature high-activity platinum catalyst, the content of noble metal platinum is 0.05-10 wt%, and TiO is2And WO3In a molar ratio of 1: 10-10: 1.
the preparation method of the platinum catalyst is realized by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a carrier: adding TiO with required mass into the precursor water solution of W under the stirring condition of 400-800 rpm2And (3) fully dispersing the powder. And heating the turbid liquid to 40-85 ℃, continuously stirring until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60-120 ℃ for 4-12 hours. Grinding the dried solid, and roasting at 300-600 ℃ for 1-12 h to obtain TiO2-WO3And (3) a composite carrier.
Secondly, loading of noble metal platinum: at a concentration of 1-10 mgPtAdding TiO with required proportion into/mL platinum precursor solution2-WO3And (3) continuously stirring the composite carrier at 25-60 ℃ until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying the composite carrier in an oven at 60-120 ℃ for 4-12 hours. And grinding the solid, roasting for 1-6 h at 200-500 ℃, washing for 3-5 times by using deionized water, drying in an oven at 60-120 ℃, and grinding to obtain the high-photothermal-activity platinum catalyst.
The catalyst has mild preparation conditions and simple process, is suitable for large-scale production, and has excellent low-temperature combustion performance of the low-carbon alkane under the photo-thermal condition.
platinum/TiO obtained in the invention2-WO3The catalyst can realize the high-efficiency combustion of the low-carbon alkane in a lower temperature range under the photo-thermal synergistic condition. Wherein platinum is the active center of the reaction; TiO 22And WO3The carriers are all good light absorption semiconductors, can promote the efficient separation of photon-generated carriers, and further activate platinum through electron transfer, thereby improving the reaction activity. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple and mildAnd, can realize the large-scale production, have good industrial application prospects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 different Ti-W ratios P25-WO3A uv-vis absorption spectrum of the support;
FIG. 2 different Ti-W ratios P25-WO3N of the vector2Adsorption and desorption isothermal curves and BET specific surface;
FIG. 3.1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) scanning transmission electron micrographs of the catalyst;
FIG. 4.1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) energy dispersion spectrum of catalyst;
FIG. 5 platinum/TiO with different Ti-W ratios2-WO3The curve of the catalyst conversion rate in propane combustion as a function of temperature;
FIG. 6 platinum/TiO with different platinum loadings2-WO3The curve of the catalyst conversion rate in propane combustion as a function of temperature;
FIG. 7 shows 1.5% Pt-TiO at different intensities2-WO3The curve of the catalyst conversion rate in propane combustion as a function of temperature;
FIG. 8 shows 1.5% Pt-Al at different intensities2O3The curve of the catalyst conversion rate in propane combustion as a function of temperature;
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Comparative example 1
platinum/P25 catalyst
Impregnation method for preparing platinum/P25 catalyst: at a concentration of 3mg in 5mLPtTo the chloroplatinic acid solution was added 1g of commercial P25 powder and the mixture was thoroughly dispersed with stirring at 600 rpm. Heating the mixed solution to 40 ℃, continuously heating until the liquid is completely evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 6 hours. After grinding, calcination was carried out at 400 ℃ for 4h in air to give a platinum/P25 catalyst (denoted as 1.5% Pt-P25) with a theoretical platinum content of 1.5%.
Comparative example 2
platinum/Al2O3Catalyst and process for preparing same
Impregnation methodPreparation of platinum/Al2O3Catalyst: at a concentration of 3mg in 5mLPtTo the/mL chloroplatinic acid solution was added 1g of commercial Al2O3The powder was sufficiently dispersed under stirring at 600 rpm. Heating the mixed solution to 40 ℃, continuously heating until the liquid is completely evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 6 hours. Roasting the mixture for 4 hours at 400 ℃ in air after grinding to obtain platinum/Al with the theoretical content of 1.5 percent of platinum2O3Catalyst (noted as 1.5% Pt-Al)2O3)。
The first embodiment is as follows:
study on the influence of different Ti-W molar ratios on the light absorption properties and specific surface of the support
Preparing a carrier: ammonium metatungstate was dissolved in 40mL of deionized water at the desired ratio and 4g P25 powder was added with stirring at 600rpm to allow for good dispersion. The suspension was heated to 40 ℃ and stirred until the liquid evaporated to dryness, and dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for 10 h. Grinding the dried solid, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4h to obtain the titanium-tungsten powder with the Ti-W molar ratio of 5: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2 and 1: 5 TiO 22-WO3And (3) a composite carrier.
The different Ti-W ratios P25-WO prepared in this example3Vectors and commercial P25 and WO3As shown in fig. 1. It can be seen from the figure that the absorption range of the carrier shifts to the longer wavelength number as the molar ratio of Ti-W decreases, but the absorption intensity decreases somewhat. The result shows that the Ti element in the composite carrier can be effectively doped into WO3In (1), the absorption range of the composite carrier is shifted toward a long wavelength, and WO3Too high a content may affect the light absorption efficiency of the support.
The different Ti-W ratios P25-WO obtained in this example3Vector and pure P25 and WO3N of (A)2The adsorption and desorption isotherms and the BET specific surface area are shown in FIG. 2. From the figure, P25-WO can be seen3The specific surface of the carrier is obviously reduced along with the reduction of the Ti-W molar ratio.
Example two:
study of Carrier recombination ratio vs. platinum/TiO2-WO3Effect of catalyst Performance
CarrierPreparation: ammonium metatungstate was dissolved in 40mL of deionized water at the desired ratio and 4g P25 powder was added with stirring at 600rpm to allow for good dispersion. The suspension was heated to 40 ℃ and stirred until the liquid evaporated to dryness, and dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for 10 h. Grinding the dried solid, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4h to obtain the titanium-tungsten powder with the Ti-W molar ratio of 10: 1. 2:1 and 1: 1TiO2-WO3And (3) a composite carrier.
Carrying platinum by an impregnation method: at a concentration of 3mg in 5mLPtAdding 1g of Ti-W into the chloroplatinic acid solution with the molar ratio of 10: 1. 2:1 and 1: 1TiO 22-WO3And (3) compounding the carrier, continuously stirring at 40 ℃ until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 10 hours. Grinding the solid, roasting at 400 ℃ for 4h, and grinding to obtain the platinum/TiO with the platinum loading of 1.5%2-WO3A catalyst. The catalysts obtained were each referred to as 1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(10:1)、1.5％Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) and 1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(1:1)。
1.5% Pt-TiO prepared in this example2-WO3(2:1) A scanning transmission electron micrograph of the catalyst is shown in FIG. 3, in which it can be seen that the platinum nanoparticles have a relatively uniform particle size distribution of about 3 nm.
This example prepares 1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) the energy dispersion spectrum of the catalyst is shown in FIG. 4, in which it can be seen that the elements platinum, Ti and W are uniformly distributed, indicating that TiO2-WO3The carrier is uniformly compounded and the platinum is uniformly dispersed on the surface.
In the activity test of the catalyst synthesized in this example, propane oxidation was used as a probe reaction. And (3) testing conditions are as follows: a self-built sensitization fixed bed device is used as a reactor (sensitization window is 1.5cm multiplied by 3cm), and 100mg of catalyst is flatly paved; raw material gas composition (volume ratio): 2% of C3H8、20％O278% He and N2By N2Is an internal standard; gas flow rate: 50 mL/min; energy density of xenon lamp: 75mW/cm2. The sample was purged with He for 30min before testing to remove adsorbed impurities on the catalyst surface. The catalytic product is prepared by using 5A molecular sieve and PoropakGas chromatography (Agilent 7890B) on-line analysis of the Q-packed column. FIG. 5 shows the Pt/TiO ratios of different Ti-W ratios2-WO3And the 1.5% Pt-P25 catalyst obtained in comparative example 1 exhibited a change in conversion with temperature in the combustion of propane. As can be seen in the figure, with WO in the catalyst3The proportion is improved, the conversion rate of the propane is greatly improved, and the indication shows that the proportion of WO is a certain3Is beneficial to activating platinum, thereby improving the propane combustion performance of the catalyst.
Example three:
study of platinum loading vs. platinum/TiO2-WO3Effect of catalyst Performance
Preparing a carrier: the desired proportion of ammonium metatungstate was dissolved in 20mL of deionized water and 2g P25 powder was added with stirring at 800rpm to allow for adequate dispersion. The suspension was heated to 60 ℃ and stirred until the liquid evaporated to dryness, and dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h. Grinding the dried solid, and roasting at 550 ℃ for 4h to obtain a powder with a Ti-W molar ratio of 2: 1TiO2-WO3And (3) a composite carrier.
Carrying platinum by an impregnation method: 1g of a solution of chloroplatinic acid with the required concentration, 1g of Ti-W mol 2: 1TiO2-WO3And (3) compounding the carrier, continuously stirring at 40 ℃ until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 10 hours. Grinding the solid, roasting at 400 ℃ for 4h, and grinding to obtain the platinum/TiO with platinum loading of 1.5%, 0.5%, 0.2%, 0.1% and 0.02% respectively2-WO3A catalyst. The catalysts obtained were each referred to as 1.5% Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1)、0.5％Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1)、0.2％Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1)、0.1％Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) and 0.02% Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1)。
The catalyst activity test synthesized in this example differs from that of example two in that 50% of propane is converted to CO2Corresponding temperature (T)50) The activity was compared and the energy density of the xenon lamp was 100mW/cm2Otherwise, the rest is the same as in the second embodiment. FIG. 6 shows different platinum loadings of platinum/TiO2-WO3Catalyst inThe conversion in propane combustion is plotted as a function of temperature, with the relevant parameters obtained as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 platinum/TiO with different platinum loadings2-WO3Catalyst pair T50Influence of (2)
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, T50The value of (a) is strongly affected by the platinum loading. Overall, T is reduced with decreasing platinum loading50The value of (a) is increased. This indicates that a reduction in platinum loading reduces the active sites of the catalyst, thereby reducing the activity of the catalyst. Wherein, 1.5 percent of Pt-TiO2-WO3(2:1) T of catalyst50The value of (A) is 110 ℃, which is one of the highest values reported for the catalytic combustion performance of propane.
Example four:
study of light intensity vs. platinum/TiO2-WO3Effect of catalyst Performance
The catalyst used in this example was compared to 1.5% Pt-TiO in example III2-WO3(2:1) same, and the catalyst activity test method same, except that the light intensity (0 mW/cm) was adjusted2、75mW/cm2And 100mW/cm2) And 10% conversion of propane to CO2Corresponding temperature (T)10) Activity comparisons were made. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show 1.5% Pt-TiO, respectively, at different light intensities2-WO3And 1.5% Pt-Al in comparative example 22O3The conversion of the catalyst in propane combustion is plotted as a function of temperature, the relevant parameters being summarized in Table 2.
TABLE 2 different illumination intensities vs. Pt/TiO2-WO3And platinum/Al2O3Catalyst T50Influence of (2)
As can be seen from Table 2, 1.5% Pt-TiO increased with increasing light intensity2-WO3Catalysts corresponding to T10Greatly reducing the cost. When the optical power density is 100mW/cm2When, T10The value is 122 ℃ lower than that of the light-free state; when the optical power density is 75mW/cm2When, T10The value is 62 ℃ lower than in the absence of light. And 1.5% Pt-Al2O3The power density of the catalyst is 75mW/cm2After light T10The change in value was small, only from 330 ℃ to 318 ℃. The above results show that TiO2-WO3The carrier as a light absorption semiconductor can transfer electrons to the platinum surface under the excitation of light, so that the active center is activated, and the combustion temperature of the propane is effectively reduced; in contrast, Al2O3The carrier has no light absorption characteristic, and 1.5% Pt-Al can not be activated by illumination2O3Platinum in the catalyst, so the catalyst is not sensitive to the change of illumination intensity.
As can be seen from the above examples, by preparing TiO2-WO3The composite carrier can effectively enhance light absorption, so that photo-generated electrons can be transferred to active center platinum of the catalyst under the photo-thermal condition to further activate the catalyst, and the performance of catalytically combusting low-carbon alkane is further improved. The obtained results show that the performance of the catalyst under the photo-thermal condition is obviously superior to that of the traditional photo-or thermal catalyst, the preparation method is simple and mild, and a new way is provided for developing low-temperature catalytic combustion low-carbon alkane catalysts.
Claims (10)
1. A platinum catalyst characterized by:
supported catalyst with metal platinum as active component and TiO as carrier2And WO3The composite of (a); TiO in carrier2And WO3In a molar ratio of 1: 10-10: 1, preferably in a molar ratio of 1: 3-3: 1; the content of platinum in the catalyst is 0.05-10 wt%, preferably 0.1-5 wt%.
2. The platinum catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the loaded platinum nano structure is an active center of the catalyst; TiO 22Can effectively strengthen TiO2-WO3Light-absorbing Properties of the composite, WO3The platinum nano structure can be stabilized, and the photo-thermal synergistic effect of the platinum nano structure can enable the catalyst to have excellent low-temperature catalytic performance.
3. A method for preparing the catalyst of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
by impregnation on TiO2-WO3Carrying platinum on the composite carrier:
at a concentration of 1-10 mgPtAdding TiO with required proportion into/mL platinum precursor solution2-WO3Continuously stirring the composite carrier at 25-60 ℃ until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying the composite carrier in an oven at 60-120 ℃ for 4-12 hours;
and grinding the solid, roasting for 1-6 h at 200-500 ℃, washing for 3-5 times by using deionized water, drying in an oven at 60-120 ℃, and grinding to obtain the high-photothermal-activity platinum catalyst.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
TiO2-WO3the preparation process of the composite carrier comprises the following steps:
adding TiO with required mass into the precursor water solution of W under the stirring condition of 400-800 rpm2Powder to make it fully dispersed;
heating the suspension to 40-85 ℃, continuously stirring until the liquid is evaporated to dryness, and drying in an oven at 60-120 ℃ for 4-12 hours;
grinding the solid, and roasting at 300-600 ℃ for 1-12 h to obtain TiO2-WO3And (3) a composite carrier.
5. The production method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that:
TiO2the powder may be anatase TiO2Rutile TiO2One or more of P25;
the precursor of W can be one of ammonium metatungstate, ammonium paratungstate and sodium tungstate.
6. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the platinum precursor solution is one or more than two of chloroplatinic acid, potassium chloroplatinate or potassium hexacyanoplatinate.
7. Use of the platinum catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the platinum catalyst can be used in light, heat or photo-heat concerted catalytic combustion (oxidation) low-carbon alkane reaction.
8. Use of a platinum catalyst according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the power density of the light required by the reaction is 5-1500mW/cm2。
9. Use of a platinum catalyst according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the low-carbon alkane is C1-C4 alkane.
10. Use of a platinum catalyst according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the reaction temperature is 50-600 ℃.
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