CN111228892A - Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant electret filter material - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant electret filter material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111228892A CN111228892A CN202010166155.8A CN202010166155A CN111228892A CN 111228892 A CN111228892 A CN 111228892A CN 202010166155 A CN202010166155 A CN 202010166155A CN 111228892 A CN111228892 A CN 111228892A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/06—Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0032—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0435—Electret
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant electret filter material, which is characterized in that nano SiO2 particles are dispersed in the electret filter material, and nano SiO is dispersed in the electret filter material2The particles are used as electret particles and are introduced into the polysulfone amide spinning solution to obtain the high-temperature-resistant SiO2Polysulfone amide electret nano composite filter material. The invention also provides the high-temperature-resistant electret nano composite filter material prepared by the method. The invention has simple and convenient process and strong operability, and utilizes the ultrasonic blending technology to lead SiO to be2The particles are uniformly dispersed in the polysulfone amide matrix in a nanometer scale and are discharged by coronaThe electret air filtering material obtained by performing electret treatment on the composite fiber material by the electrical technology has the characteristics of high filtering efficiency, small air resistance, high temperature resistance and long service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air filter material, in particular to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant electret filter material and a product thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, a large amount of dust particles, chemical substances, harmful microorganisms and the like are generated in the industrial production and natural activity process of human beings, the environmental quality and the body health of people are seriously harmed, the emergence and the spread of the novel coronavirus pneumonia in 2020 cause extreme attention of people to the field of air filtration, and the effective control of harmful substances in the air is a major problem which needs to be solved urgently.
The electret air filter material has the advantages of high efficiency, low resistance, energy conservation, antibiosis, long service life and the like, and is a type of air filter material with great application prospect. Polypropylene or polypropylene copolymer is mostly adopted as a raw material of common electret fibers, and patent CN106362487A discloses a silicon nanowire/polypropylene hybrid electret air filter material and a preparation method thereof, so that the filter performance of the electret filter material is improved. However, polypropylene has the disadvantages of brittleness, low wear resistance, high softening temperature, insufficient rigidity, easy combustion, easy aging and the like at low temperature, so that the polypropylene is greatly limited in practical application, particularly in industrial production.
Polysulfone amide (PSA) is an aromatic polyamide organic high-temperature resistant fiber which has independent intellectual property rights and is industrially produced in China, has the characteristics of flame retardance, heat resistance, thermal stability, radiation resistance, chemical stability and the like, and plays an important role in the field of high-performance materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: a preparation method of a high-temperature resistant electret filter material is provided.
Yet another object of the present invention is to: provides the high-temperature resistant electret filter material obtained by the method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a high-temperature resistant electret filter material comprises the steps of dispersing nano SiO2 particles in the electret filter material and preparing the nano SiO2The particles are taken as electret particles and are introduced into the polysulfone amide spinning solution to obtain SiO2Polysulfone amide nano electret filter material, comprising the following preparation steps：
1) Mixing nano SiO2Dispersing the particles in N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-60 min to obtain nano SiO2A solvent dispersion of particles;
2) adding 10-17 wt% of polysulfonamide spinning solution into the dispersion liquid to enable nano SiO to be obtained2The mass fraction of the particles in the polysulfonamide spinning solution is 0.2-8%, and the particles are continuously stirred for 30-120 min, and then ultrasonic blending and defoaming are carried out to form nano SiO2The polysulfone amide nano composite material spinning solution is prepared by the following steps of (1) performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-120 min;
3) SiO prepared in the step 2)2Pouring the polysulfonamide nano composite material spinning solution into a spinning material cylinder, vacuumizing, standing and defoaming for 30-240 min, then allowing the solution to enter a single-hole spinning nozzle through a bent pipe and a filter screen, and carrying out wet spinning to obtain the nano SiO2The polysulfone amide nano composite material spinning trickle is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a single-hole spinneret under the pressurization of nitrogen and enters a water tank taking water as a coagulating bath, and primary fibers are precipitated and solidified in the coagulating bath; washing and unwinding the obtained nascent fiber, stretching and shaping at 100-120 ℃, and removing residual solvent in the nascent fiber to obtain SiO2Polysulfone amide nanocomposite fibers;
4) SiO prepared in the step 3)2The polysulfone amide nano-composite fiber passes through an electrode of a corona discharge device, and the electrode discharges to enable the composite fiber material to be electret, so that the high-temperature-resistant SiO2Polysulfone amide electret nano composite filter material.
The invention uses inorganic electret SiO2Introducing the polysulfone amide spinning solution to prepare the high-temperature-resistant polysulfone amide electret composite filter material, and adding SiO2The electret particles are used for improving the surface potential of the fiber material so as to increase the electrostatic adsorption effect and effectively improve the filtering performance of the material.
Specifically, in the step 1), 0.28g to 0.70g of nano SiO is weighed2Dispersing the particles in 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form nano SiO with good dispersibility2Solvent dispersion。
Further, in step 1), the nano-SiO2The particle size of the particles is 10-50 nm.
In the step 2), the polymer solution is 10-17 wt% of polysulfone amide spinning stock solution, and the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.
In the step 3), the wet spinning parameters are spinning pressure of 0.2-2 MPa, the rotating speed of a metering pump is 5-10 g/min, and the winding speed is 10-30 m/min.
Further, in the step 3), the aperture of the single-hole spinneret is 0.10-1.0 mm.
In the step 4), the electret voltage is selected to be 5-50 KV, the electret distance is 1-5 cm, and the electret time is 1-10 min.
Preferably, in the step 4), the electret voltage is selected to be 20-25 KV, the electret distance is 2cm, and the electret time is 2 min.
The invention also provides a high-temperature-resistant electret filter material which is prepared by the preparation method and takes polysulfonamide as a fiber matrix composite material and nano SiO2The mass fraction of the particles in the composite material is 0.5-8%, and the composite material is subjected to electret treatment through corona discharge to improve the surface potential, so that the filtering performance is improved.
The invention relates to high-temperature-resistant SiO2The action mechanism of the polysulfone amide electret composite filter material is as follows: nano SiO2The particles are loaded into the polysulfone amide fiber as electret particles, and under the action of an external voltage, space charge injection and polarization charge generation are realized, the surface potential of the fiber is enhanced, and the electrostatic adsorption effect is enhanced. Therefore, in the actual air filtering process, besides the original mechanical blocking effect, the material can directly adsorb charged particles in the air and capture the charged particles by means of coulomb force or induce neutral particles to generate polarity and capture the neutral particles, so that submicron particles in the air are more effectively filtered, the filtering efficiency is improved, and the air resistance is not increased. And the charge stored by the electret material is negative charge, and the electret material can also play a role in inhibiting and killing germs.
The invention is simple in processThe method has strong operability, and utilizes the ultrasonic blending technology to make SiO2The particles are uniformly dispersed in the polysulfone amide matrix in a nanoscale manner, and the electret treatment is carried out on the composite fiber material by the corona discharge technology, so that the obtained electret air filter material has the characteristics of high filtering efficiency, small air resistance, high temperature resistance and long service life.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite nanofiber electret air filter material is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing 0.28g of nano SiO2 particles, dispersing in 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form nano SiO2 solvent dispersion liquid with good dispersibility, wherein the nano SiO2 solvent dispersion liquid2The particle size of the particles is 10-50 nm;
2) weighing 100g of polysulfone amide spinning solution with the mass fraction of 14%, adding the nano SiO2 solvent dispersion solution for mixing, stirring the mixed solution for 30min by using a high-shear emulsification dispersion machine at the speed of 20000r/min, and then placing the mixed solution into an ultrasonic bath for deaeration for 60min to form uniformly mixed nano SiO 2/polysulfone amide composite spinning solution;
3) adopting a small wet spinning device with the diameter of a single hole of 0.15mm to carry out wet spinning, pouring the nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide nano composite spinning solution prepared in the step 2) into a spinning material barrel, then entering a single-hole spinning nozzle through a bent pipe and a filter screen, controlling the output pressure of nitrogen to be 0.4MPa, the rotating speed of a metering pump to be 6g/min, and the winding speed to be 20 m/min; extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice into a water tank taking water as a coagulating bath under the pressurization of nitrogen, and precipitating and solidifying in the coagulating bath to form nascent fiber; washing and unwinding the obtained nascent fiber, stretching and shaping at 100-120 ℃, removing residual solvent in the nascent fiber, and preparing the nano SiO2Polysulfone amide composite fibers;
4) SiO prepared in the step 3)2The polysulfone amide composite fiber passes through an electrode of a corona discharge device, and the electrode discharges to enable the fiber material to be electret, so that the high-temperature-resistant SiO2A polysulfone amide electret composite filter material,wherein the electret voltage is 20KV, the electret distance is 2cm, and the electret time is 2 min.
The electret composite web performance test results of this example: the filtration efficiency was 99.92%, the filtration resistance was 71.55 Pa, and the limiting oxygen index LOI value was 32.
Example 2
SiO (silicon dioxide)2Polysulfone amide composite nanofiber electret air filter material similar to example 1 except that SiO2The polysulfone amide spinning solution is prepared by the following steps:
1) 0.70g of nano SiO is weighed2Dispersing the particles in 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form nano SiO with good dispersibility2A solvent dispersion;
2) weighing 100g of polysulfone amide spinning solution with the mass fraction of 14%, and adding the nano SiO2Mixing the solvent dispersion liquid, stirring the mixed solution for 30min at the speed of 20000r/min by using a high-shear emulsification dispersion machine, and then placing the mixed solution into an ultrasonic bath for deaeration for 60min to form uniformly mixed nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite material spinning solution;
3) and (2) performing wet spinning by using a small wet spinning device with the diameter of a single hole being 0.15mm, pouring the nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite spinning solution prepared in the step 2) into a spinning material barrel, then feeding the nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite spinning solution into a single-hole spinning nozzle through a bent pipe and a filter screen, and controlling the output pressure of nitrogen to be 0.4MPa, the rotating speed of a metering pump to be 6g/min and the winding speed to be 20 m/min. Extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice into a water tank taking water as a coagulating bath under the pressurization of nitrogen, and precipitating and solidifying in the coagulating bath to form nascent fiber; washing and unwinding the obtained nascent fiber, stretching and shaping at 100-120 ℃, removing residual solvent in the nascent fiber, and preparing the nano SiO2Polysulfone amide composite fibers;
4) nano SiO prepared in step 3)2The polysulfone amide composite fiber is treated by corona discharge and electrode discharge to make the composite fiber material electret, thus obtaining the high temperature resistant SiO2The polysulfone amide electret composite filter material has an electret voltage of 20KV and an electret distance of 2cm, and the electret time is 2 min.
The electret composite web performance test results of this example: the filtration efficiency was 99.96%, the filtration resistance was 76.76Pa, and the limiting oxygen index LOI value was 32.
Example 3
SiO (silicon dioxide)2The polysulfone amide composite nanofiber electret air filter material is similar to the embodiment 1 or 2 and is prepared by the following steps:
1) 0.70g of nano SiO is weighed2Dispersing the particles in 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form nano SiO with good dispersibility2A solvent dispersion;
2) weighing 100g of polysulfone amide spinning solution with the mass fraction of 14%, and adding the nano SiO2Mixing the solvent dispersion liquid, stirring the mixed solution for 30min at the speed of 20000r/min by using a high-shear emulsification dispersion machine, and then placing the mixed solution into an ultrasonic bath for deaeration for 60min to form uniformly mixed nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite material spinning solution;
3) adopting a small wet spinning device with the diameter of a single hole of 0.15mm to carry out wet spinning, pouring the nano SiO 2/polysulfonamide composite spinning solution prepared in the step 2) into a spinning material barrel, then entering a single-hole spinning nozzle through a bent pipe and a filter screen, controlling the output pressure of nitrogen to be 0.4MPa, the rotating speed of a metering pump to be 6g/min, and the winding speed to be 20 m/min; extruding the spinning solution from a spinneret orifice into a water tank taking water as a coagulating bath under the pressurization of nitrogen, and precipitating and solidifying in the coagulating bath to form nascent fiber; washing and unwinding the obtained nascent fiber, stretching and shaping at 100-120 ℃, removing residual solvent in the nascent fiber, and preparing the nano SiO2Polysulfone amide composite fibers;
4) SiO prepared in the step 3)2The polysulfone amide composite fiber passes through an electrode of a corona discharge device, and the electrode discharges to enable the fiber material to be electret, so that the high-temperature-resistant SiO2The polysulfone amide electret composite filter material is characterized in that the electret voltage is 25KV, the electret distance is 2cm, and the electret time is 10 min.
The electret composite web performance test results of this example: the filtration efficiency was 99.99%, the filtration resistance was 78.64 Pa, and the limiting oxygen index LOI value was 32.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a high-temperature resistant electret filter material disperses nanometer SiO2 particles in the electret filter material, and is characterized in that: mixing nano SiO2The particles are taken as electret particles and are introduced into the polysulfone amide spinning solution to obtain SiO2The polysulfone amide nano electret filter material comprises the following preparation steps:
1) mixing nano SiO2Dispersing the particles in N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-60 min to obtain nano SiO2A solvent dispersion of particles;
2) adding 10-17 wt% of polysulfonamide spinning solution into the dispersion liquid to enable nano SiO to be obtained2The mass fraction of the particles in the polysulfonamide spinning solution is 0.2-8%, and the particles are continuously stirred for 30-120 min, and then ultrasonic blending and defoaming are carried out to form nano SiO2The polysulfone amide nano composite material spinning solution is prepared by the following steps of (1) performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-120 min;
3) SiO prepared in the step 2)2Pouring the polysulfonamide nano composite material spinning solution into a spinning material cylinder, vacuumizing, standing and defoaming for 30-240 min, then allowing the solution to enter a single-hole spinning nozzle through a bent pipe and a filter screen, and carrying out wet spinning to obtain the nano SiO2The polysulfone amide nano composite material spinning trickle is extruded from a spinneret orifice of a single-hole spinneret under the pressurization of nitrogen and enters a water tank taking water as a coagulating bath, and primary fibers are precipitated and solidified in the coagulating bath; washing and unwinding the obtained nascent fiber, stretching and shaping at 100-120 ℃, and removing residual solvent in the nascent fiber to obtain SiO2Polysulfone amide nanocomposite fibers;
4) SiO prepared in the step 3)2The polysulfone amide nano-composite fiber passes through an electrode of a corona discharge device, and the electrode discharges to enable the composite fiber material to be electret, so that the high-temperature-resistant SiO2Polysulfone amide electret nano composite filter material.
2. The method of claim 1The preparation method of the high-temperature resistant electret filter material is characterized in that in the step 1), 0.28-0.70 g of nano SiO is weighed2Dispersing the particles in 5mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to form nano SiO with good dispersibility2A solvent dispersion.
3. The method for preparing a high temperature resistant electret filter material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step 1), the nano-SiO is2The particle size of the particles is 10-50 nm.
4. The method for preparing a high-temperature-resistant electret filter material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the solvent used in the polysulfonamide spinning solution is N, N-dimethylformamide.
5. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant electret filter material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the wet spinning parameters are spinning pressure of 0.2-2 MPa, the rotating speed of a metering pump is 5-10 g/min, and the winding speed is 10-30 m/min.
6. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant electret filter material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the aperture of the single-hole spinneret is 0.10-1.0 mm.
7. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant electret filter material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the electret voltage is selected to be 5-50 KV, the electret distance is 1-5 cm, and the electret time is 1-10 min.
8. The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant electret filter material according to claim 7, wherein in the step 4), the electret voltage is selected to be 20-25 KV, the electret distance is 2cm, and the electret time is 2 min.
9. A high temperature resistant electret filter material obtainable by the process of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102698611A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing polysulfone amide hollow fiber separation membrane by wet spinning |
| CN104289042A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-21 | 东华大学 | Electrospinning nano-fiber electret filtering material and its preparation method |
| CN106110762A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-16 | 北京随能科技有限公司 | The material of a kind of high efficiency filter air particle and preparation method |
| CN109589684A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-04-09 | 嘉兴富瑞邦新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of fresh air system electret nanofiber filtration material and preparation method thereof |
| DE102018108228A1 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-10 | Groz-Beckert Kg | Process for producing a textile structure with electrostatically charged fibers and textile structures |
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- 2020-03-11 CN CN202010166155.8A patent/CN111228892A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102698611A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing polysulfone amide hollow fiber separation membrane by wet spinning |
| CN104289042A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-01-21 | 东华大学 | Electrospinning nano-fiber electret filtering material and its preparation method |
| CN106110762A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-16 | 北京随能科技有限公司 | The material of a kind of high efficiency filter air particle and preparation method |
| DE102018108228A1 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-10 | Groz-Beckert Kg | Process for producing a textile structure with electrostatically charged fibers and textile structures |
| CN109589684A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-04-09 | 嘉兴富瑞邦新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of fresh air system electret nanofiber filtration material and preparation method thereof |
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