CN111224530B - Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles Download PDFInfo
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- CN111224530B CN111224530B CN201911166390.9A CN201911166390A CN111224530B CN 111224530 B CN111224530 B CN 111224530B CN 201911166390 A CN201911166390 A CN 201911166390A CN 111224530 B CN111224530 B CN 111224530B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles, wherein a flat secondary of the motor consists of a yoke plate and bilateral magnetic poles, each magnetic pole is V-shaped formed by a plurality of sections of permanent magnets, the V-shaped magnetic pole sections at the mirror symmetry positions have different inclination directions, namely V openings have different orientations, the bilateral asymmetric state is formed, and the inclination angles and the side lengths of the V-shaped magnetic pole sections at the mirror symmetry positions are equal; the primary armature consists of an iron core and a winding, the current directions of bilateral windings at the mirror symmetry position are opposite, a series magnetic circuit is formed by the bilateral windings and bilateral magnetic poles, and the bilateral windings and the bilateral magnetic poles interact to generate equidirectional electromagnetic thrust. The asymmetric V-shaped oblique pole has various combination forms, reduces the thrust fluctuation of the motor, and simultaneously ensures that the electromagnetic thrust cannot drop greatly, thereby realizing good thrust characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles.
Background
Compared with a single-side flat linear motor, the double-side linear motor has higher thrust density, and obtains wide attention in the fields of automatic transportation lines, processing lines, electromagnetic emission and the like. The electromagnetic force fluctuation problem of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is always the bottleneck of the expansion application of the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, and the inhibition of the electromagnetic force fluctuation of the motor becomes a hotspot in the research of the motor. The use of tilted permanent magnets is easy to implement and is one of the most efficient and widely used methods, as shown in fig. 7 a. However, after the permanent magnet has a certain inclination angle, not only the harmonic wave in the electromagnetic force is weakened, but also the amplitude of the fundamental wave of the electromagnetic force is correspondingly weakened, which affects the thrust density of the motor, so the V-type oblique pole method has been proposed in recent years to improve the above-mentioned problems. The permanent magnet of each magnetic pole is segmented and inclined at a certain angle to form a V shape, as shown in FIG. 7 b. The space positions of each section of permanent magnet of the V-shaped magnetic pole are different, and phase difference is formed to weaken harmonic electromagnetic force.
In the bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, in addition to the pole-tilting method, symmetrical magnetic poles or armatures are staggered by a certain distance, so that thrust fluctuations generated on two sides of the motor are mutually offset, and the thrust fluctuations of the motor can be effectively reduced. However, this method, like the aforementioned slant pole or V-type slant pole method, suppresses the thrust fluctuation and causes a large drop in the electromagnetic thrust.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the average value of electromagnetic thrust is greatly reduced when thrust fluctuation is restrained by adopting a skewed pole method or a staggered pole method in a bilateral permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, and provides a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles, so that the effect of V-shaped magnetic poles and bilateral dislocation is utilized, the thrust fluctuation of the motor is reduced, and the electromagnetic thrust is ensured not to be greatly reduced, thereby realizing good thrust characteristics.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the aim of the invention:
the invention relates to a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles, which consists of secondary poles, primary armatures and air gaps between the primary armatures and the secondary poles, wherein the bilateral secondary poles are positioned at two sides, the primary armatures are positioned in the middle, and the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is characterized in that:
the secondary is composed of a flat yoke plate and two-sided magnetic poles arranged in parallel; the polarity of each magnetic pole in the bilateral magnetic poles is N, S in alternative arrangement; each magnetic pole at two sides is of a V-shaped structure formed by a plurality of sections of permanent magnets, and the magnetizing directions of the sections of permanent magnets at each magnetic pole at each side of the V-shaped structure are the same and are vertical to the plane of the flat yoke plate;
the bilateral magnetic poles are arranged in mirror symmetry in spatial position, and the inclination directions of all sections of permanent magnets in the mirror symmetry position are opposite, so that an asymmetric state that V-shaped openings of the bilateral magnetic poles face oppositely is formed;
the polarities of the bilateral magnetic poles at the mirror symmetry position are the same, and the current directions in the primary armature windings facing the bilateral magnetic poles are opposite, so that a parallel magnetic circuit structure is formed;
the flat yoke plate is made of high-permeability materials and is provided with a shallow groove for placing each section of permanent magnet of each V-shaped magnetic pole;
and the secondary flat yoke plate and the bilateral magnetic poles are integrally encapsulated by epoxy resin glue so as to prevent each section of the permanent magnet from falling off.
The permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles is characterized in that: the first section of permanent magnet and the second section of permanent magnet of each magnetic pole in the bilateral magnetic poles are in a parallelogram, and the value range of the oblique polar angle alpha is 0< alpha and less than or equal to 2 pi/Z, wherein p is the number of pole pairs in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary, and Z is the number of slots in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary.
In the bilateral V-shaped magnetic poles, the oblique polar angles of all the sections of permanent magnets at mirror symmetry positions are equal, and the corresponding side lengths are also equal.
Each V-shaped magnetic pole is a combination of two sections of permanent magnets or a combination of three sections of permanent magnets;
in the V-shaped magnetic pole formed by combining the three sections of permanent magnets, the middle magnetic pole section is square or rectangular.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. based on the characteristics of electromagnetic force fundamental waves and harmonic waves, the bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles are arranged in the secondary level of the motor, so that the positioning force and thrust fluctuation of the motor are effectively inhibited, and a higher electromagnetic force fundamental wave amplitude value is maintained, so that the motor obtains good thrust characteristics.
2. The bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic pole has various combination forms, a reasonable secondary scheme can be selected according to the thrust performance index requirement of the system, and the design freedom degree is high. In addition, each section of permanent magnet in the V-shaped bilateral magnetic pole has the same magnetizing direction, is easy to process and realize, has low process difficulty and is convenient for batch and automatic production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the motor construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the magnetizing direction of the bilateral secondary permanent magnets, the current direction of the primary armature and the formed magnetic circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a second configuration of bilaterally asymmetric V-shaped poles of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a third configuration of bilaterally asymmetric V-shaped poles of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fourth configuration of bilaterally asymmetric V-shaped poles of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is another combination of the secondary and primary of the motor of the present invention;
FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a symmetrical double-sided oblique pole of the prior art;
FIG. 7b is a schematic view of a prior art symmetrical double-sided V-shaped pole;
reference numbers in the figures: 1, a flat plate-shaped yoke plate; 2 double-side magnetic poles; 3 a primary armature winding; 4 a primary armature core; 5 a first section of permanent magnet; 6 a second section of permanent magnet; 7 middle magnetic pole section and 8 parallel magnetic circuit structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles is composed of a secondary, a primary armature and an air gap between the primary armature and the secondary; the bilateral secondary is positioned at two sides, and the primary armature is positioned in the middle;
the secondary is composed of a flat plate-shaped yoke plate 1 and double-sided magnetic poles 2 arranged in parallel, and the polarity of each magnetic pole in the double-sided magnetic poles 2 is N, S alternately arranged. Each magnetic pole in the bilateral magnetic pole 2 is in a V-shaped structure formed by a plurality of sections of permanent magnets, and the magnetizing directions of the sections of permanent magnets of each magnetic pole in the V-shaped structure are the same and are vertical to the plane of the flat yoke plate.
The bilateral magnetic pole 2 is arranged in a mirror symmetry mode in a space position, the inclination directions of all sections of permanent magnets in the mirror symmetry position are opposite, and an asymmetric state that V-shaped openings of the bilateral magnetic pole face oppositely is formed;
the flat yoke plate 1 is made of high-permeability materials and is provided with a shallow groove for placing each section of permanent magnet of each V-shaped magnetic pole; each section is inserted into the shallow groove along the transverse direction and is fixed by strong glue.
And after the flat yoke plate 1 and the bilateral magnetic poles 2 are assembled, the flat yoke plate and the bilateral magnetic poles are integrally encapsulated by epoxy resin glue, so that the flat yoke plate has enough mechanical strength for bearing external force impact, and each section of permanent magnet is prevented from falling off.
As shown in fig. 1, each magnetic pole is composed of two sections of permanent magnets, which are respectively inclined at a certain angle to form a V-shaped magnetic pole. The magnetizing directions of the first section of permanent magnet 5 and the second section of permanent magnet 6 are the same. Each section of permanent magnet is in a parallelogram shape, and the inclination angles of the sections of permanent magnet are equal (alpha)1＝α3，α2＝α4) And the length of the diagonal side is equal (L)1＝L3，L2＝L4). The value range of the oblique pole angle is 0<Alpha is less than or equal to 2p pi/Z, wherein p is the pole pair number in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary, and Z is the slot number in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary.
In the bilaterally asymmetric V-shaped magnetic pole, the inclination angle of the magnetic pole section at the mirror symmetry position satisfies the condition alpha1＝α2，α3＝α4And the corresponding side lengths of the magnetic pole sections are equal, L1＝L2，L3＝L4，L5＝L6。
The basic working principle of the invention is as follows: the magnetizing directions of the bilaterally asymmetric V-shaped magnetic poles at the mirror symmetry position are the same, the current directions in the bilateral armature windings 3 facing the magnetic poles are opposite, and as shown in fig. 2, a parallel magnetic circuit structure 8 is formed to generate the electromagnetic thrust in the same direction. In the V-shaped magnetic pole, the spatial positions of the permanent magnets in the sections are different, and when the electromagnetic force generated by the action of the armature winding 3 which is electrified is superposed, harmonic electromagnetic force components with phase difference formed by different spatial arrangements are utilized, and the components are superposed and weakened mutually. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the inclined directions of the two-side V-shaped magnetic poles are different, the thrust waveform formed by the one-side magnetic pole is different from the positions of the wave crest and the wave trough generated by the other-side magnetic pole, dislocation compensation can be achieved through reasonable design, the high harmonic component of the electromagnetic force is restrained, and the fundamental component cannot fall greatly.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor primary is longer than the secondary, where the bilateral secondary acts as the moving part and the primary armature is stationary. The invention also employs a scheme in which the secondary length is greater than the primary, where the primary armature acts as the moving part and the bilateral secondary is stationary.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 3, the difference from the embodiment 1 is that the inclination angles of the first segment permanent magnet 5 and the second segment permanent magnet 6 in the parallelogram shape are not equal to each other in each V-shaped magnetic pole, and α is1≠α3，α2≠α4The value range of each angle is the same as that of the first embodiment; l with unequal lengths of bevel edges of the first section of permanent magnet 5 and the second section of permanent magnet 6 of the V-shaped magnetic pole1≠L3，L2≠L4The length of the side in the width direction still satisfies L5＝L6。
Example 3: as shown in fig. 4, the difference from embodiment 1 is that each V-shaped magnetic pole is composed of three segments of permanent magnets, and the magnetizing directions of the segments of permanent magnets are the same, but the inclination angles are different. The interlude permanent magnet 7 does not have inclination, and the inclination of first section permanent magnet 5 and second section permanent magnet 6 needs to satisfy: alpha is alpha1＝α3＝α2＝α4. The length of each side of the first section of permanent magnet 5 and the second section of permanent magnet 6 satisfies L1＝L2＝L3＝L4，L6＝L7。
Example 4: as shown in fig. 5, the difference from embodiment 3 is that the three segments of permanent magnets constituting the V-shaped magnetic pole have different inclination angles, i.e., α1≠α3，α2≠α4The middle section permanent magnet 7 has no inclination angle, but the inclination angles of the bilateral magnetic pole sections at the mirror symmetry position are equal, and alpha is1＝α2，α3＝α4. Each side length of the parallelogram permanent magnet section satisfies L1≠L3，L2≠L4，L1＝L2，L3＝L4，L6＝L7。
Example 5: as shown in fig. 6, the difference from embodiment 1 is that V-shaped magnetic poles having asymmetric both sides share one flat plate-shaped yoke plate 1 at the center of the motor, and the primary armature core 4 and the armature winding 3 are divided into two groups at both sides. The polarities of the permanent magnets in the mirror symmetry position are the same, and the currents of the corresponding primary armature windings are opposite, so that a parallel magnetic circuit structure 8 is formed. Compared with the structure in the embodiment 1, the structure has the advantages of light secondary mass, small inertia and better dynamic performance.
Claims (4)
1. A permanent magnet synchronous linear motor having bilateral asymmetric V-shaped poles formed by a secondary, a primary armature and an air gap between said primary armature and said secondary, the bilateral secondary being on both sides and said primary armature in the middle, characterized in that:
the secondary is composed of a flat yoke plate (1) and double-side magnetic poles (2) which are arranged in parallel; the polarity of each magnetic pole in the bilateral magnetic poles (2) is N, S in alternating arrangement; each magnetic pole at each side of the bilateral magnetic poles (2) is of a V-shaped structure formed by a plurality of sections of permanent magnets, and the magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets at each side of each magnetic pole of the V-shaped structure are the same and are vertical to the plane of the flat yoke plate;
the bilateral magnetic pole (2) is arranged in a mirror symmetry mode in a space position, the inclination directions of all sections of permanent magnets in the mirror symmetry position are opposite, and an asymmetric state that V openings of the bilateral magnetic pole (2) face opposite directions is formed;
the polarities of the bilateral magnetic poles (2) at the mirror symmetry position are the same, and the current directions in the primary armature winding (3) facing the bilateral magnetic poles are opposite to form a parallel magnetic circuit structure (8);
the flat yoke plate (1) is made of high-permeability materials and is provided with shallow grooves for placing each section of permanent magnet of each V-shaped magnetic pole;
the secondary flat yoke plate (1) and the bilateral magnetic poles (2) are integrally encapsulated by epoxy resin glue to prevent the permanent magnets of all sections from falling off.
2. The permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped poles of claim 1, wherein: the first section of permanent magnet (5) and the second section of permanent magnet (6) of each magnetic pole of the two-sided magnetic pole (2) are in a parallelogram, and the value range of the oblique angle alpha is 0< alpha < 2 pi/Z, wherein p is the number of pole pairs in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary armature, and Z is the number of slots in the coupling length of the primary armature and the secondary armature.
3. The permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped poles of claim 1, wherein: in the bilateral V-shaped magnetic poles, the oblique polar angles of all the sections of permanent magnets at mirror symmetry positions are equal, and the corresponding side lengths are also equal.
4. The permanent magnet synchronous linear motor with bilateral asymmetric V-shaped poles of claim 1, wherein: each V-shaped magnetic pole is a combination of two sections of permanent magnets or a combination of three sections of permanent magnets;
in the V-shaped magnetic pole formed by combining the three sections of permanent magnets, the middle magnetic pole section (7) is square or rectangular.
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