CN111224222A

CN111224222A - Electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN111224222A
Application number: CN202010129550.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雍征东
Original assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-28
Filing date: 2020-02-28
Publication date: 2020-06-02

Abstract

The application provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes: antenna module, battery cover and wave-transparent structure. The antenna module is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band in a preset direction range. The battery cover and the antenna module are arranged at intervals, and the battery cover has a first transmittance for electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band. The wave-transmitting structure is borne on the battery cover, at least part of the wave-transmitting structure is located in the range of the preset direction, and the equivalent refractive index of the wave-transmitting structure and the part borne by the battery cover of the wave-transmitting structure is smaller than 1, so that the electronic equipment has a second transmittance for electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band in the region corresponding to the wave-transmitting structure, wherein the second transmittance is larger than the first transmittance. The application provides an electronic equipment has increased wave-transparent structure on the battery lid for electronic equipment corresponds the transmissivity of wave-transparent structure department increases, thereby has improved electronic equipment's communication performance.

Description

Electronic device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an electronic device.

Background

With the development of mobile communication technology, the conventional fourth Generation (4th-Generation, 4G) mobile communication has been unable to meet the requirements of people. The fifth Generation (5th-Generation, 5G) mobile communication is preferred by users because of its high communication speed. For example, the transmission rate when data is transmitted by 5G mobile communication is hundreds of times faster than the transmission rate when data is transmitted by 4G mobile communication. However, when the millimeter wave antenna is applied to an electronic device, the millimeter wave antenna is usually disposed in an accommodating space inside the electronic device, and the transmittance of the millimeter wave signal antenna radiating through the electronic device is low, which does not meet the requirement of the antenna radiation performance. Alternatively, the transmittance of the external millimeter wave signal through the electronic device is low. Therefore, in the prior art, the communication performance of the 5G millimeter wave signal is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes:

the antenna module is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band within a preset direction range;

the battery cover is arranged at intervals with the antenna module and has a first transmittance to electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band;

the wave-transmitting structure is borne on the battery cover, at least part of the wave-transmitting structure is located in the range of the preset direction, and the equivalent refractive index of the wave-transmitting structure and the part borne by the battery cover of the wave-transmitting structure is smaller than 1, so that the electronic equipment has a second transmittance for electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band in an area corresponding to the wave-transmitting structure, wherein the second transmittance is larger than the first transmittance.

The application provides an electronic equipment has increased wave-transparent structure on the battery lid for electronic equipment corresponds the transmissivity of wave-transparent structure department increases, thereby has improved electronic equipment's communication performance.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 1 in accordance with one embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna module receiving and transmitting an electromagnetic wave signal in a predetermined frequency band.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a graph showing a simulation of the gain of the antenna module when it is operated in free space.

Fig. 17 is an E-plane pattern of the antenna module when operating in free space.

Fig. 18 is an H-plane pattern of the antenna module when operating in free space.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to still another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 20 is a graph illustrating a gain simulation of the antenna module in the electronic device according to the present application.

Fig. 21 is an E-plane pattern of the antenna module 10 in the electronic device according to the present application when operating.

Fig. 22 is an H-plane pattern of the antenna module in the electronic device according to the present application when operating.

Fig. 23 is a simulation diagram of the variation of the gain of the antenna element with the size of the wave-transparent structure.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of an electronic device according to still another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 25 is a graph showing simulation of gain when the antenna module of the present application operates in free space.

Fig. 26 is a graph illustrating gain simulation when the antenna module in the electronic device of the present application operates.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

The present application provides an electronic device that may be, but is not limited to, any communication enabled device. For example: the system comprises intelligent equipment with a communication function, such as a tablet Computer, a mobile phone, an electronic reader, a remote controller, a Personal Computer (PC), a notebook Computer, vehicle-mounted equipment, a network television, wearable equipment and the like. Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG. 1 in one embodiment; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna module receiving and transmitting an electromagnetic wave signal in a predetermined frequency band. The electronic apparatus 1 includes: the antenna module 10, the battery cover 20, and the wave-transparent structure 30. The antenna module 10 is configured to receive and transmit electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band within a preset range of directions. The battery cover 20 and the antenna module 10 are disposed at an interval, and the battery cover 20 has a first transmittance for electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band. The wave-transparent structure 30 is carried on the battery cover 20, and at least a part of the wave-transparent structure 30 is located within the range of the preset direction, and the equivalent refractive index of the wave-transparent structure 30 and the part of the wave-transparent structure 30 carried on the battery cover 20 is smaller than 1, so that the electronic device 1 has a second transmittance for electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band in the region corresponding to the wave-transparent structure 30, wherein the second transmittance is greater than the first transmittance.

In the description and claims of the present application and the drawings, the terms "first" and "second" in the terms of "first transmittance" and "second transmittance" and the like are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

when the antenna module 10 receives and transmits electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band, the strength of the electromagnetic wave signals of the preset frequency band in a preset direction a is the best, and when the antenna module 10 deviates by a preset number of degrees in a three-dimensional space compared with the preset direction, the signal strength of the electromagnetic wave signals of the preset frequency band received and transmitted by the antenna module 10 is also higher, so that the preset direction range includes the preset direction and the deviation of the preset number of degrees compared with the preset direction.

The electromagnetic wave signal may be, but is not limited to, an electromagnetic wave signal in a millimeter wave band or an electromagnetic wave signal in a terahertz band. Currently, in the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation wireless systems, 5G), according to the specification of the 3GPP TS 38.101 protocol, a New Radio (NR) of 5G mainly uses two sections of frequencies: FR1 frequency band and FR2 frequency band. Wherein, the frequency range of the FR1 frequency band is 450 MHz-6 GHz, also called sub-6GHz frequency band; the frequency range of the FR2 frequency band is 24.25 GHz-52.6 GHz, and belongs to the millimeter Wave (mm Wave) frequency band. The 3GPP Release 15 specification specifies that the current 5G millimeter wave frequency band includes: n257(26.5 to 29.5GHz), n258(24.25 to 27.5GHz), n261(27.5 to 28.35GHz) and n260(37 to 40 GHz).

The reason why the battery cover 20 carrying the wave-transparent structure 30 is applied to the electronic device 1 to improve the penetrating power of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band is that: first, the wave-transparent structure 30 is excited by the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and the wave-transparent structure 30 generates the electromagnetic wave signal identical to the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band according to the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and penetrates through other components such as the battery cover 20 of the electronic device 1 and radiates into the free space. Since the wave-transparent structure 30 is excited to generate the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, the amount of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band passing through the battery cover 20 and attached to the free space is large, and macroscopically, after the wave-transparent structure 30 is arranged, the amount of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band passing through the electronic device 1 is increased. It should be noted that the other components mentioned herein refer to components that penetrate through the battery cover 20 in addition to the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band when penetrating through the electronic device 1 to the outside; alternatively, when the electromagnetic wave signal of the predetermined frequency band is transmitted from the outside to the antenna module 10, the electromagnetic wave signal penetrates through the battery cover 20 and the components.

The reason why the wave-transparent structure 30 is applied to the electronic device 1 to improve the penetrating power of the electromagnetic wave signal is as follows: secondly, a wave-transparent structure 30 is added in the electronic device 1, the dielectric constant of other components in the electronic device 1, such as the wave-transparent structure 30 and the battery cover 20, can be equivalent to the dielectric constant of a preset material, the penetration rate of the dielectric constant of the preset material to the electromagnetic wave signal of a preset frequency band is high, and the equivalent wave impedance of the preset material is equal to or approximately equal to the equivalent wave impedance of a free space. The definitions of the other components mentioned herein are the same as those of the other components described above, and please refer to the above description, which is not repeated herein.

The reason why the wave-transparent structure 30 is applied to the electronic device 1 to improve the penetrating power of the electromagnetic wave signal is that: thirdly, the wave-transmitting structure 30 is added in the electronic device 1, the refractive index of the electronic device 1 corresponding to the wave-transmitting structure 30 and other components such as the battery cover 20 is smaller than or equal to that of the preset material, and the refraction of the refractive index of the preset material to the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band is smaller, so that the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band penetrates through the other components such as the battery cover 20 and is radiated to the outside of the electronic device 1, or the electromagnetic wave signal outside the electronic device 1 penetrates through the other components such as the battery cover 20 and is incident to the antenna module 10.

The wave-transparent structure 30 may be directly disposed on a surface of the battery cover 20 facing the antenna module 10, may be disposed on a surface of the battery cover 20 facing away from the antenna module 10, or may be embedded in the battery cover 20. The wave-transmitting structure 30 may also be disposed on a carrier substrate, and then disposed on a surface of the battery cover 20 facing the antenna module 10 through the carrier substrate, disposed on a surface of the battery cover 20 facing away from the antenna module 10 through the carrier substrate, or embedded in the battery cover 20 together with the carrier substrate. In the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the wave-transparent structure 30 is directly disposed on the surface of the battery cover 20 facing the antenna module 10.

The wave-transmitting structure 30 is made of a conductive material, and the wave-transmitting structure 30 may be made of a metal material or a non-metal conductive material.

The battery cover 20 may be made of a non-conductive material such as a glass material or a ceramic material.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 5 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 4. The wave-transparent structure 30 includes a plurality of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units 300 include annular wave-transparent branches 310, the annular wave-transparent branches 310 have openings 310a, and the wave-transparent units 300 are symmetrical about a first symmetry axis D1.

In the present embodiment, the first axis of symmetry D1 is the X axis. In other embodiments, the first symmetry axis D1 may be another coordinate axis in the XYZ coordinate system, or may not be limited to any one of the X axis, the Y axis, or the Z axis, as long as the wave-transparent unit 300 is symmetrical about the first symmetry axis D1.

The annular wave-transmitting branch 310 may be equivalent to an inductor, the opening 310a of the annular wave-transmitting branch 310 may be equivalent to a capacitor, and the inductor and the capacitor may form a resonant circuit formed by the capacitor and the inductor, so that the wave-transmitting structure 30 can transmit an electromagnetic wave signal in a predetermined frequency band. When the wave-transparent unit 300 includes the annular wave-transparent branch 310 having the opening 310a and being symmetrical about the first symmetry axis D1, the wave-transparent structure 30 can transmit the electromagnetic wave signal of the single polarization predetermined frequency band.

When the wave-transparent unit 300 is symmetric about the X axis, the wave-transparent structure 30 can transmit the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band with 0 ° polarization; when the wave-transparent unit 300 is symmetrical about the Y axis, the wave-transparent structure 30 can transmit the electromagnetic wave signal of the predetermined frequency band polarized at 90 °.

Referring to fig. 5, the wave-transparent unit 300 further includes a connecting portion 320. The annular wave-transparent branch 310 includes a first wave-transparent branch 311 and a second wave-transparent branch 312. The first wave-transparent branch 311 includes a first sub-branch 3111, a first sub-junction 3112, and a second sub-branch 3113. The first sub-branch 3111 and the second sub-branch 3113 are respectively connected to two ends of the first sub-connection portion 3112 in a bending manner, and the first sub-branch 3111 and the second sub-branch 3113 are located on the same side of the first sub-connection portion 3112. The second wave-transparent branch 312 includes a third sub-branch 3121, a second sub-junction 3122, and a fourth sub-branch 3123. The second sub-link portion 3122 is spaced apart from the first sub-link portion 3112, the third sub-branch 3121 and the fourth sub-branch 3123 are respectively connected to both ends of the second sub-link portion 3122 in a bent manner, and the third sub-branch 3121 and the fourth sub-branch 3123 are located at a side of the second sub-link portion 3122 facing the first sub-link portion 3112. A first opening 310b is formed between the first sub-branch 3111 and the third sub-branch 3121. A second opening 310c is formed between the second sub-branch 3113 and the fourth sub-branch 3123, wherein the opening 310a includes the first opening 310b and the second opening 310 c. The connection portion 320 connects the first sub-connection portion 3112 and the second sub-connection portion 3122.

The distance between the first sub-branch 3111 and the third sub-branch 3121 is the size of the first opening 310b, and the larger the distance between the first sub-branch 3111 and the third sub-branch 3121, the larger the first opening 310 b; the larger the first opening 310b is, the smaller the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The shorter the distance between the first sub-branch 3111 and the third sub-branch 3121, the smaller the first opening 310 b; the smaller the first opening 310b is, the larger the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. Accordingly, the distance between the second sub-branch 3113 and the fourth sub-branch 3123 is the size of the second opening 310c, and the larger the distance between the second sub-branch 3113 and the fourth sub-branch 3123, the larger the second opening 310 c; the larger the second opening 310c is, the smaller the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The shorter the distance between the second sub-branch 3113 and the fourth sub-branch 3123, the smaller the second opening 310 c; when the second opening 310c is smaller, the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is larger. The change of the capacitance in the resonant circuit can adjust the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and the specific adjustment process will be described in detail later.

In this embodiment, the first sub-junction 3112, the first sub-branch 3111, the second sub-branch 3113, the second sub-junction 3122, the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the fourth sub-branch 3123 are all straight line segments. It is understood that, in other embodiments, the first sub-connection portion 3112, the first sub-branch 3111, the second sub-branch 3113, the second sub-connection portion 3122, the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the fourth sub-branch 3123 may also be arc segments or curve segments as long as the wave-transparent unit 300 satisfies symmetry about the first symmetry axis D1.

In this embodiment, the first sub-branch 3111 is perpendicular to the first sub-junction 3112, and the second sub-branch 3113 is perpendicular to the first sub-junction 3112; the third sub-branch 3121 is perpendicular to the second sub-link 3122, and the fourth sub-branch 3123 is perpendicular to the second sub-link 3122. Of course, in other embodiments, the first sub-branch 3111 and the first sub-junction 3112 may not be perpendicular to each other, the second sub-branch 3113 and the first sub-junction 3112 may not be perpendicular to each other, the third sub-branch and the second sub-junction 3122 may not be perpendicular to each other, and the fourth sub-branch and the second sub-junction 3122 may not be perpendicular to each other, as long as the wave-transparent unit 300 satisfies symmetry about the first symmetry axis D1.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7 together, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 7 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 6. The wave-transparent structure 30 includes a plurality of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units 300 include annular wave-transparent branches 310, the annular wave-transparent branches 310 have openings 310a, and the wave-transparent units 300 are symmetrical about a first symmetry axis D1. The ring-shaped wave-transparent branch 310 includes a first wave-transparent branch 311, a second wave-transparent branch 312, a third wave-transparent branch 313, a fourth wave-transparent branch 314, and a fifth wave-transparent branch 315. The second wave-transmitting branch 312 and the third wave-transmitting branch 313 are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the first wave-transmitting branch 311 in a bending manner, and the second wave-transmitting branch 312 and the third wave-transmitting branch 313 are both located on the same side of the first wave-transmitting branch 311. The fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 is connected to an end of the second wave-transmitting branch 312 away from the first wave-transmitting branch 311 in a bending manner, and the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 and the first wave-transmitting branch 311 are respectively located on the same side of the second wave-transmitting branch 312. The fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 is connected to an end of the third wave-transmitting branch 313 away from the first wave-transmitting branch 311 in a bending manner, and the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 and the first wave-transmitting branch 311 are located on the same side of the third wave-transmitting branch 313. An end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 and an end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 facing away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 form the opening 310 a.

The distance between the end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 and the end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 facing away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 is equal to the size of the opening 310a, and when the distance between the end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 and the end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 facing away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 is larger, the size of the opening 310a is larger; the larger the opening 310a is, the smaller the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. Correspondingly, the smaller the distance between the end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 and the end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 facing away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313, the smaller the opening 310 a; the smaller the opening 310a is, the larger the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The change of the capacitance in the resonant circuit can adjust the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and the specific adjustment process will be described in detail later.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9 together, fig. 8 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 9 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 8. The wave-transparent structure 30 includes a plurality of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units 300 include annular wave-transparent branches 310, the annular wave-transparent branches 310 have openings 310a, and the wave-transparent units 300 are symmetrical about a first symmetry axis D1. The wave-transparent unit 300 provided in this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the wave-transparent unit 300 described in fig. 6, fig. 7 and the related embodiments, except that in this embodiment, the wave-transparent unit 300 further includes a first auxiliary branch 331 and a second auxiliary branch 332. The first auxiliary branch 331 is connected to an end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 in a bent manner, and the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second wave-transmitting branch 312 are located on the same side of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314. The second auxiliary branch 332 is connected to an end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315 away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 in a bent manner, the second auxiliary branch 332 and the third wave-transmitting branch 313 are located on the same side of the fifth wave-transmitting branch 315, and the second auxiliary branch 332 and the first auxiliary branch 331 are arranged at an interval.

The first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 are used to form a coupling capacitor, so that the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 increase the capacitance of a capacitor-inductor resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300. In the case that the distance between the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 is constant (i.e., the size of the opening 310a is constant), the capacitance in the resonant circuit is larger when the facing area of the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 is larger; conversely, the capacitance in the resonant circuit is smaller when the positive area between the first and second

auxiliary branches

331, 332 is smaller. In the case that the facing areas of the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 are fixed, the smaller the distance between the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 (i.e., the smaller the opening 310 a), the larger the capacitance in the resonant circuit; conversely, the larger the distance between the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 (i.e., the larger the opening 310 a), the smaller the capacitance in the resonant circuit. It can be seen that the area directly facing the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch, and the size of the opening 310a affect the capacitance of the resonant circuit in the wave-transparent unit 300, so as to adjust the electromagnetic wave signal in the predetermined frequency band that is transparent to the wave-transparent structure 30, and the specific adjustment process will be described in detail later.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11 together, fig. 10 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 11 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 10. The wave-transparent structure 30 includes a plurality of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units 300 include a closed-loop annular wave-transparent branch 310 and an auxiliary branch 330 connected to the inside of the annular wave-transparent branch 310, the auxiliary branch 330 has an opening 310a, and the wave-transparent structure 30 is symmetrical about a first symmetry axis D1 and symmetrical about a second symmetry axis D2, wherein the first symmetry axis D1 is perpendicular to the second symmetry axis D2.

In this embodiment, the first symmetry axis D1 is an X axis, the second symmetry axis D2 is a Y axis, and in another embodiment, the first symmetry axis D1 and the second symmetry axis D2 may be other coordinate axes in an XYZ coordinate system as long as the wave-transparent unit 300 is symmetrical about the first symmetry axis D1 and the second symmetry axis D2.

The closed loop of the annular wave-transmitting branch 310 may be equivalent to an inductor, the opening 310a of the auxiliary branch 330 may be equivalent to a capacitor, and the inductor and the capacitor may form a resonant circuit formed by the capacitor and the inductor, so that the wave-transmitting structure 30 can transmit electromagnetic wave signals in a predetermined frequency band. The wave-transparent structure 30 in this embodiment can be transparent to dual polarized electromagnetic wave signals in a preset frequency band.

The annular wave-transparent branch 310 includes a first wave-transparent branch 311, a second wave-transparent branch 312, a third wave-transparent branch 313 and a fourth wave-transparent branch 314 connected end to end in sequence. The auxiliary branches 330 also include a first auxiliary branch 331, a second auxiliary branch 332, a third auxiliary branch 333, and a fourth auxiliary branch 334. The first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 are connected to a side of the first wave-transparent branch 311 facing the fourth wave-transparent branch 314, and the first auxiliary branch 331 and the second auxiliary branch 332 are disposed at an interval. The third auxiliary branch 333 and the fourth auxiliary branch 334 are connected to a side of the third wave-transmitting branch 313 facing the first wave-transmitting branch 311, the third auxiliary branch 333 and the fourth auxiliary branch 334 are disposed at an interval, and an end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 is opposite to an end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transmitting branch 311 and disposed at an interval to form a first opening 310 b. An end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 is opposite to and spaced apart from an end of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing away from the first wave-transparent branch 311 to form a second opening 310c, wherein the opening 310a includes the first opening 310b and the second opening 310 c.

The shape of the annular wave-transparent branch 310 may be a square, a rectangle, or a circular ring, but in other embodiments, the annular wave-transparent branch 310 may also be another regular polygon symmetrical about two symmetry axes. In the present embodiment, the shape of the annular wave-transmitting branch 310 is illustrated as a rectangle.

The distance between the end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transparent branch 311 is the size of the first opening 310b, and when the distance between the end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transparent branch 311 is larger, the first opening 310b is larger; the larger the first opening 310b is, the smaller the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The smaller the distance between the end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transparent branch 311, the smaller the first opening 310 b; the smaller the first opening 310b is, the larger the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The change of the capacitance in the resonant circuit can adjust the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and the specific adjustment process will be described in detail later.

Similarly, the distance between the end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing away from the first wave-transparent branch 311 is the size of the second opening 310c, and when the distance between the end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing away from the first wave-transparent branch 311 is larger, the first opening 310b is larger; the larger the first opening 310b is, the smaller the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The smaller the distance between the end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the third wave-transparent branch 313 and the end of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing away from the first wave-transparent branch 311, the smaller the first opening 310 b; the smaller the first opening 310b is, the larger the capacitance in the capacitive-inductive resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300 is. The change of the capacitance in the resonant circuit can adjust the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band, and the specific adjustment process will be described in detail later.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13 together, fig. 12 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to another embodiment of the present application; fig. 13 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 12. The wave-transparent structure 30 includes a plurality of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units 300 include a closed-loop annular wave-transparent branch 310 and an auxiliary branch 330 connected to the inside of the annular wave-transparent branch 310, the auxiliary branch 330 has an opening 310a, and the wave-transparent structure 30 is symmetrical about a first symmetry axis D1 and symmetrical about a second symmetry axis D2, wherein the first symmetry axis D1 is perpendicular to the second symmetry axis D2.

The annular wave-transparent branch 310 includes a first wave-transparent branch 311, a second wave-transparent branch 312, a third wave-transparent branch 313 and a fourth wave-transparent branch 314 connected end to end in sequence. The auxiliary branches 330 also include a first auxiliary branch 331, a second auxiliary branch 332, a third auxiliary branch 333, and a fourth auxiliary branch 334. The first auxiliary branch 331 is connected to a side of the first wave-transparent branch 311 facing the third wave-transparent branch 313. The second auxiliary branch 332 is connected to a side of the second wave-transmitting branch 312 facing the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314. The third auxiliary branch 333 is connected to a side of the third wave-transmitting branch 313 facing the first wave-transmitting branch 311, and an end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transmitting branch 313 is opposite to and spaced apart from an end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transmitting branch 311 to form a first opening 310 b. The fourth auxiliary branch 334 is connected to a side of the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 facing the second wave-transmitting branch 312, and an end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314 is opposite to and spaced apart from an end of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch 312 to form a second opening 310c, wherein the opening 310a includes the first opening 310b and the second opening 310 c.

Please refer to the related description above for the sizes of the first opening 310b and the second opening 310c, which is not described herein, and please refer to the related description above for the influence of the size of the first opening 310b and the size of the second opening 310c on the capacitance, which is not described herein.

Referring to fig. 14 and 15 together, fig. 14 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent structure according to another embodiment of the present application; fig. 15 is a schematic view of a wave-transparent unit in the wave-transparent structure of fig. 14. The wave-transparent unit 300 provided in this embodiment is substantially the same as the wave-transparent unit 300 provided in fig. 12, fig. 13 and the related description thereof, and the same points are not described again, please refer to the related description, but the difference is that in this embodiment, the wave-transparent unit 300 further includes a first adjusting branch 341, a second adjusting branch 342, a third adjusting branch 343, and a fourth adjusting branch 344. The first adjusting branch 341 is disposed at an end of the first auxiliary branch 331 away from the first wave-transparent branch 311, and protrudes from two surfaces of the first auxiliary branch 331 facing the second wave-transparent branch 312 and the fourth wave-transparent branch 314. The second adjusting branch 342 is disposed at an end of the second auxiliary branch 332 away from the second wave-transparent branch 312, and protrudes from two surfaces of the second auxiliary branch 332 facing the first wave-transparent branch 311 and the third wave-transparent branch 313. The third adjusting branch 343 is disposed at an end of the third auxiliary branch 333 away from the third wave-transparent branch 313, and protrudes from two surfaces of the third auxiliary branch 333 facing the second wave-transparent branch 312 and the fourth wave-transparent branch 314, and the third adjusting branch 343 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first adjusting branch 341 to form a first opening 310 b. The fourth adjusting branch 344 is disposed at an end of the fourth auxiliary branch 334 facing away from the fourth wave-transmitting branch 314, and protrudes from two surfaces of the third auxiliary branch 333 facing the first wave-transmitting branch 311 and the third wave-transmitting branch 313, the fourth adjusting branch 344 is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the second auxiliary branch 332 to form a second opening 310c, wherein the opening 310a includes the first opening 310b and the second opening 310 c.

The first adjusting branch 341 and the third adjusting branch 343 form a coupling capacitor, so that the first adjusting branch 341 and the third adjusting branch 343 are added to increase the capacitance of the capacitor-inductor resonant circuit formed by the wave-transparent unit 300. The second adjusting branch 342 and the fourth adjusting branch 344 form a coupling capacitor, so that the second adjusting branch 342 and the fourth adjusting branch 344 are added to increase the capacitance of the resonant circuit of the capacitive inductor formed by the wave-transparent unit 300. Therefore, the first, second, third and fourth adjusting

branches

341, 342, 343 and 344 are added to adjust the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave signals in the predetermined frequency band. The adjustment effect of the capacitance in the resonant circuit on the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band is described in detail later.

The adjustment of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band by the wave-transparent unit 300 is described in detail below.

In the wave-transparent unit 300 described in each of the above embodiments, the larger the opening 310a is, the smaller the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the lower the preset frequency band is; the smaller the opening 310a is, the larger the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the higher the frequency band is shifted. Correspondingly, when the opening 310a includes a first opening 310b and a second opening 310c, under the condition that the second opening 310c is fixed, the larger the first opening 310b is, the smaller the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the lower the preset frequency band is, the lower the shift is; the smaller the first opening 310b is, the larger the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the higher the frequency band shifts; similarly, under the condition that the first opening 310b is fixed, the larger the second opening 310c is, the smaller the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the lower the preset frequency band is, the lower the low frequency shift is; the smaller the second opening 310c is, the larger the capacitance in the resonant circuit is, and the higher the frequency band is shifted.

In the wave-transparent unit 300 described in each of the above embodiments, the larger the size of the annular wave-transparent branch 310 is, the larger the inductance in the resonant circuit is, the lower the frequency of the preset frequency band is; the smaller the size of the circular wave-transmitting branch 310 is, the smaller the inductance in the resonant circuit is, and the higher the frequency band is shifted.

In the wave-transparent unit 300 described in each of the above embodiments, the period of the wave-transparent unit 300 arranged periodically is less than λ/2, and the smaller the period of the wave-transparent unit 300 is, the larger the gain of the main lobe of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band is, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band.

When the period of the wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically is less than λ/2, the smaller the period is, the weaker the grating lobe effect is. The grating lobe effect is a phenomenon of a clutter diffracted from the wave-transparent structure 30 by electromagnetic wave signals of a preset frequency band transmitted and received by the antenna module 10. When the grating lobe effect is weaker, the diffracted clutter is weaker, and the clutter is weaker, the energy of the electromagnetic wave signal is more concentrated on the main lobe, so that the gain of the main lobe is larger, in other words, the performance of the electronic device 1 for communication by using the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band is better.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the period of the wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically is less than λ/4. When the period of the wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically is smaller than λ/4, the grating lobe effect is weaker, the gain of the main lobe of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band is larger, and the performance of the electronic device 1 performing communication by using the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band is better.

In one embodiment, the electronic device 1 further includes a middle frame 40 and a screen. The middle frame 40 is used for bearing the screen, and the middle frame 40 is arranged between the battery cover 20 and the screen. The middle frame 40 generally serves as a frame body for supporting the electronic device 1, and the middle frame 40 generally serves to support a screen, a circuit board 60, and the like in the electronic device 1. The middle frame 40 constitutes a ground electrode of the electronic apparatus 1, and components of the electronic apparatus 1 that need to be grounded are generally electrically connected to the middle frame 40.

The screen 50 is a member for displaying contents such as characters, images, and video in the electronic device 1. The screen 50 may be a component having only a display function, or may be a component integrating display and touch functions. In this embodiment, the screen 50 further includes a screen body 510 and a cover plate 520 disposed on a side of the screen body 510 away from the battery cover 20, so as to protect the screen body 510.

In an embodiment, the electronic device 1 further comprises a circuit board 60. The circuit board 60 is electrically connected to the antenna module 10. In the present embodiment, the circuit board 60 is disposed on a side of the middle frame 40 adjacent to the battery cover 20. The circuit board 60 may be directly or indirectly disposed on the surface of the middle frame 40 adjacent to the battery cover 20. In the present embodiment, the circuit board 60 is directly disposed on the surface of the middle frame 40 adjacent to the battery cover 20. The antenna module 10 may be disposed on the circuit board 60, or may be disposed on the middle frame 40. In the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the antenna module 10 is disposed on the circuit board 60 for illustration.

Next, the communication performance of the antenna module 10 in the free space and the communication performance in the electronic device 1 of the present application are simulated. In the present embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes one antenna unit 110, the antenna unit 110 is a patch, and the preset frequency band is 28GHz, for example, for simulation. Referring to fig. 16, 17 and 18, fig. 16 is a simulation diagram of the gain of the antenna module when operating in free space; fig. 17 is an E-plane directional pattern of the antenna module when operating in free space; fig. 18 is an H-plane pattern of the antenna module when operating in free space. As can be seen from fig. 16, the gain of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band radiated by the antenna module 10 is as high as 6.81dB, and as can be seen from fig. 17, the gain of the main lobe of the E-plane of the antenna module 10 in the free space is as high as 6.82dB, the main lobe direction is 2.0 °, the 3dB main lobe width is 82.6dB, and the side lobe level is-17.2 dB; as can be seen from fig. 18, the main lobe gain of the H-plane is as high as 6.81dB, the main lobe pointing is 0 °, the 3dB main lobe width is 88.3dB, and the side lobe level is-17.2 dB. Therefore, the gain of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band radiated by the antenna module 10 in the free space is high, and the radiation performance is good.

Referring to fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic view of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application. In the present embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes an excitation source S and one antenna unit 110. The excitation source S is configured to generate an excitation signal, and the antenna unit 110 receives the excitation signal and converts the excitation signal into an electromagnetic wave signal in a preset frequency band. The antenna unit 110 is a conductive patch. For convenience of description, the length and width dimensions of the wave-transparent structure 30 are labeled as l _ size.

Referring to fig. 20, 21 and 22 together, fig. 20 is a gain simulation diagram of the electronic device according to the present application when an antenna module operates; fig. 21 is an E-plane directional diagram of the antenna module 10 in the electronic device of the present application; fig. 22 is an H-plane pattern of the antenna module in the electronic device according to the present application when operating. In the present embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes one antenna unit 110, and the antenna unit 110 is a conductive patch, and the preset frequency band is 28 GHz. In the present embodiment, the length and width of the wave-transmitting structure 30 are 6mm by 6mm, and the equivalent refractive index of the wave-transmitting structure 30 and the battery cover 20 is equal to 0.5. For convenience of description, the length and width dimensions of the wave-transparent structure 30 are labeled as l _ size, i.e., in the present embodiment, l _ size is 6mm by 6 mm. As can be seen from fig. 20, the main lobe gain of the electromagnetic wave signal of the predetermined frequency band radiated by the antenna module 10 in the electronic device 1 of the present application is as high as 8.49dB, and the gain is higher than that in the free space. In addition, as can be seen from fig. 21, the main lobe direction of the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band radiated by the antenna module 10 in the electronic device 1 of the present application is 0 °, the 3dB main lobe width is 56.8dB, and the side lobe level is-11.0 dB; as can be seen from fig. 22, the main lobe gain of the H-plane is as high as 8.49dB, the main lobe pointing is 0 °, the 3dB main lobe width is 42.1dB, and the side lobe level is-9.6 dB. Therefore, the wave-transparent structure 30 is added to the electronic device 1 of the present application, so that the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band can not only penetrate through the battery cover 20 and be radiated to the outside of the electronic device 1, but also has a higher gain, and therefore, the electronic device 1 has a better communication effect.

referring to fig. 23, fig. 23 is a simulation diagram of the variation of the gain of the antenna unit with the size of the wave-transparent structure, in the present embodiment, the portion of the battery cover 20 carrying the wave-transparent structure 30 and the equivalent refractive index of the wave-transparent structure 30 are 0.5, in the present schematic diagram, the horizontal axis represents the frequency, the unit is GHz, the vertical axis represents the gain, the unit is db, in the present schematic diagram, a curve ⑤ is a simulation curve when l _ size is 2.5mm and 2.5mm, a curve ⑤ is a simulation curve when l _ size is 5mm and 5mm, a curve ⑤ is a simulation curve when l _ size is 6mm and 6mm, a curve ⑤ is a simulation curve when l _ size is 7mm and 7mm, a curve ⑤ is a simulation curve when l _ size is 9mm and 9mm, the simulation curve is visible in the present schematic diagram, for one curve, the simulation curve when the gain of the frequency band of the wave-transparent structure 30 is adjusted to the size of the maximum frequency band of the wave-transparent structure, and the size of the electromagnetic wave-transparent structure can be understood as long as the size of the electromagnetic wave-transparent structure satisfies the preset gain range of the electromagnetic wave-transparent structure 30.

Referring to fig. 24, fig. 24 is a schematic view of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the antenna module 10 includes an excitation source S and 4 antenna elements 110, and the 4 antenna elements 110 form a 1 × 4 antenna array.

Referring to fig. 25 and 26, fig. 25 is a gain simulation diagram of the antenna module of the present application when operating in free space; fig. 26 is a graph illustrating gain simulation when the antenna module in the electronic device of the present application operates. As can be seen from fig. 25, the gain of the antenna module 10 in free space (28GHz) is 10.9dB, and as can be seen from fig. 26, the gain of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band in operation of the antenna module 10 in the electronic device 1 is 11.4dB, which is higher than the gain of the electromagnetic wave signal in the preset frequency band in free space. It can be seen that, the wave-transparent structure 30 is added to the electronic device 1 of the present application, so that the electromagnetic wave signal of the preset frequency band can not only penetrate through the battery cover 20 and radiate to the outside of the electronic device 1, but also has a higher gain, and therefore, the electronic device 1 has a better communication effect.

In addition, although the wave-transparent structure 30 includes one layer of wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically, in other embodiments, the wave-transparent structure 30 further includes multiple wave-transparent layers stacked and spaced apart along the main lobe direction, and each wave-transparent layer includes the wave-transparent units 300 arranged periodically.

It should be understood that, although the antenna module 10 in the background art and the embodiments of the present application take 5G millimeter waves as an example, the present application is not limited thereto, and the antenna module 10 in the present application may also support other protocol communication or other types of antenna modules 10, and is not limited herein.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application, and that such changes and modifications are also to be considered as within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the wave-transparent structure comprises a plurality of wave-transparent units arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units comprise annular wave-transparent branches having openings, and the wave-transparent units are symmetrical about a first axis of symmetry.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the annular wave-transmitting branch comprises a first wave-transmitting branch and a second wave-transmitting branch, the first wave-transmitting branch comprises a first sub-branch, a first sub-connecting portion, and a second sub-branch, the wave-transmitting unit further comprises a connecting portion, the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are respectively connected to two ends of the first sub-connecting portion in a bending manner, and the first sub-branch and the second sub-branch are located on the same side of the first sub-connecting portion; the second wave-transmitting branch comprises a third sub-branch, a second sub-connecting part and a fourth sub-branch, the second sub-connecting part and the first sub-connecting part are arranged at intervals, the third sub-branch and the fourth sub-branch are respectively connected to two ends of the second sub-connecting part in a bending mode, and the third sub-branch and the fourth sub-branch are located on one side, facing the first sub-connecting part, of the second sub-connecting part; a first opening is formed between the first sub-branch and the third sub-branch, a second opening is formed between the second sub-branch and the fourth sub-branch, and the connecting portion connects the first sub-connecting portion and the second sub-connecting portion, wherein the opening includes the first opening and the second opening.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the annular wave-transparent branch comprises a first wave-transparent branch, a second wave-transparent branch, a third wave-transparent branch, a fourth wave-transparent branch, and a fifth wave-transparent branch, the second wave-transparent branch and the third wave-transparent branch are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the first wave-transparent branch in a bent manner, the second wave-transparent branch and the third wave-transparent branch are both located on the same side of the first wave-transparent branch, the fourth wave-transparent branch is connected to one end of the second wave-transparent branch away from the first wave-transparent branch in a bent manner, the fourth wave-transparent branch and the first wave-transparent branch are respectively located on the same side of the second wave-transparent branch, the fifth wave-transparent branch is connected to one end of the third wave-transparent branch away from the first wave-transparent branch in a bent manner, and the fifth wave-transparent branch and the first wave-transparent branch are located on the same side of the third wave-transparent branch, the opening is formed by one end of the fourth wave-transmitting branch departing from the second wave-transmitting branch and one end of the fifth wave-transmitting branch departing from the third wave-transmitting branch.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein the wave-transparent unit further includes a first auxiliary branch and a second auxiliary branch, the first auxiliary branch is connected to an end of the fourth wave-transparent branch away from the second wave-transparent branch in a bent manner, the first auxiliary branch and the second wave-transparent branch are located on the same side of the fourth wave-transparent branch, the second auxiliary branch is connected to an end of the fifth wave-transparent branch away from the third wave-transparent branch in a bent manner, the second auxiliary branch and the third wave-transparent branch are located on the same side of the fifth wave-transparent branch, and the second auxiliary branch and the first auxiliary branch are disposed at an interval.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the wave-transparent structure comprises a plurality of wave-transparent units arranged periodically, the wave-transparent units comprise a closed-loop annular wave-transparent branch and an auxiliary branch connected to the inside of the annular wave-transparent branch, the auxiliary branch has an opening, and the wave-transparent structure is symmetrical about a first symmetry axis and symmetrical about a second symmetry axis, wherein the first symmetry axis is perpendicular to the second symmetry axis.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the annular wave-transparent branch comprises a first wave-transparent branch, a second wave-transparent branch, a third wave-transparent branch, and a fourth wave-transparent branch connected end to end in sequence, the auxiliary branches further comprise a first auxiliary branch, a second auxiliary branch, a third auxiliary branch, and a fourth auxiliary branch, the first auxiliary branch and the second auxiliary branch are connected to a side of the first wave-transparent branch facing the fourth wave-transparent branch, the first auxiliary branch and the second auxiliary branch are arranged at an interval, the third auxiliary branch and the fourth auxiliary branch are connected to a side of the third wave-transparent branch facing the first wave-transparent branch, the third auxiliary branch and the fourth auxiliary branch are arranged at an interval, and an end of the third auxiliary branch departing from the third wave-transparent branch is opposite to and spaced from an end of the first auxiliary branch departing from the first wave-transparent branch The first opening is formed by arranging the fourth auxiliary branch at intervals, one end of the fourth auxiliary branch, which is far away from the third wave-transparent branch, is opposite to one end of the second auxiliary branch, which is far away from the first wave-transparent branch, and the fourth auxiliary branch is arranged at intervals to form a second opening, wherein the openings comprise the first opening and the second opening.

8. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein the annular wave-transparent branch comprises a first wave-transparent branch, a second wave-transparent branch, a third wave-transparent branch, and a fourth wave-transparent branch connected end to end, the auxiliary branches further comprise a first auxiliary branch, a second auxiliary branch, a third auxiliary branch, and a fourth auxiliary branch, the first auxiliary branch is connected to a side of the first wave-transparent branch facing the third wave-transparent branch, the second auxiliary branch is connected to a side of the second wave-transparent branch facing the fourth wave-transparent branch, the third auxiliary branch is connected to a side of the third wave-transparent branch facing the first wave-transparent branch, and an end of the third auxiliary branch facing away from the third wave-transparent branch is opposite to and spaced apart from an end of the first auxiliary branch facing away from the first wave-transparent branch to form a first opening, the fourth auxiliary branch is connected to one side, facing the second wave-transmitting branch, of the fourth wave-transmitting branch, and one end, facing away from the fourth wave-transmitting branch, of the fourth auxiliary branch is opposite to one end, facing away from the second wave-transmitting branch, of the second auxiliary branch and is arranged at intervals to form a second opening, wherein the opening comprises the first opening and the second opening.

9. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein the wave-transparent unit further comprises:

the first adjusting branch is arranged at one end, away from the first wave-transparent branch, of the first auxiliary branch and protrudes out of two surfaces, facing the second wave-transparent branch and the fourth wave-transparent branch, of the first auxiliary branch;

the second adjusting branch is arranged at one end, away from the second wave-transparent branch, of the second auxiliary branch and protrudes out of two surfaces, facing the first wave-transparent branch and the third wave-transparent branch, of the second auxiliary branch;

the third adjusting branch is arranged at one end, away from the third wave-transmitting branch, of the third auxiliary branch and protrudes out of two surfaces, facing the second wave-transmitting branch and the fourth wave-transmitting branch, of the third auxiliary branch, and the third adjusting branch and the first adjusting branch are arranged oppositely and at intervals to form a first opening; and

the fourth adjusting branch is arranged at one end, deviating from the fourth wave-transmitting branch, of the fourth auxiliary branch, protrudes out of two surfaces, facing the first wave-transmitting branch and the third wave-transmitting branch, of the third auxiliary branch, and is opposite to and spaced from the second auxiliary branch to form a second opening, wherein the opening comprises the first opening and the second opening.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the larger the opening is, the lower the frequency band is; the smaller the opening is, the higher the frequency deviation of the preset frequency band.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the larger the size of the annular wave-transparent branch is, the lower the frequency of the preset frequency band is; the smaller the size of the annular wave-transmitting branch is, the higher the frequency offset of the preset frequency band.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein a period of the wave-transparent units arranged periodically is smaller than λ/2, and the smaller the period of the wave-transparent units is, the larger the gain of the main lobe of the electromagnetic wave signal in the predetermined frequency band is, where λ is a wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal in the predetermined frequency band.