CN111224196B

CN111224196B - Self-heating type internal preheating device for quick charging of battery module

Info

Publication number: CN111224196B
Application number: CN202010048314.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟佳奇; 王鑫煜; 马庆明
Original assignee: Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong University
Priority date: 2020-01-16
Filing date: 2020-01-16
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-16
Also published as: CN111224196A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of a preheating device for charging a battery, in particular to an internal preheating device for quickly charging a self-heating battery module, which comprises: bottom plate, battery and automatic preheating device. The battery is fixed on the bottom plate, a hollow battery mandrel is arranged in the center of the battery, and an automatic preheating device is installed in the battery mandrel. The invention realizes the automatic preheating of the battery by utilizing the space provided by the battery mandrel in the battery and the characteristics thereof, and compared with the prior mode of preheating the battery by external heating, the design of the invention does not influence the integral structure of the battery, and can save the arrangement of a large number of complex circuits, so that the battery adopting the preheating device of the invention does not additionally increase the space required by operation, thereby obviously improving the aspects of economy and practicability.

Description

Self-heating type internal preheating device for quick charging of battery module

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of a preheating device for battery charging, in particular to an internal preheating device for quick charging of a self-heating battery module.

Background

The information disclosed in this background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Under the dual pressure of the environmental crisis and the energy crisis, new energy electric vehicles are increasingly popular in the market. The battery is widely applied to power sources of electric automobiles as an energy storage element with high energy density and power density. However, compared with other types of batteries, the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, no environmental pollution and the like, so the lithium ion battery is often selected as a vehicle-mounted energy storage device to provide power for an electric vehicle, and is widely applied in the field of electric vehicles due to its excellent stability and consistency. However, the charging process of the lithium ion battery is always a contradictory problem to be optimized.

The flow of ions from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the battery generates energy, which is the charging process of the battery, and the charging speed is limited by the moving speed of the ions. If the temperature is increased, the ion moving speed is increased, and the charging speed is correspondingly increased. However, long-term high-temperature charging can decompose the electrolyte, shortening the battery life. Therefore, it is important to select an appropriate temperature parameter and time parameter. The related researchers are tested repeatedly to obtain the conclusion that: the battery is rapidly heated to 60 ℃ before charging, rapidly charged for 10min and then rapidly cooled to the ambient temperature, so that the thermal attenuation of the battery is avoided, and the serious growth of a solid electrolyte interface film (SEI film) is avoided, wherein the SEI film is a passivation layer formed by the reaction of an electrode material and an electrolyte on a solid-liquid interface. The benefit of reducing lithium deposition by high temperature charging is much greater than the negative loss of side reactions within a limited time. However, the inventor researches and discovers that: the current research mainly adopts a constant-temperature heating mode from the outside of the battery to realize preheating before charging, but the mode obviously increases the space, the weight and the economic cost required by the operation of the lithium battery pack, and has certain limitation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a self-heating internal preheating device for rapidly charging a battery module; the device not only can effectively utilize the heat of the battery, but also can automatically realize preheating according to the running state of the battery, and has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, low cost, simple maintenance and good expansibility.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical means:

a self-heating type battery module rapid charging internal preheating device comprises: bottom plate, battery and automatic preheating device. The battery is fixed on the bottom plate, a hollow battery mandrel is arranged in the center of the battery, and an automatic preheating device is arranged in the battery mandrel and comprises a roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, a thermosensitive magnetic ring, a magnetic ring and an internal heat storage and release device; the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is a telescopic structure formed by a plurality of sections of pipes, and the sections of pipes are communicated with each other, so that the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe forms a telescopic internal cavity; the upper end of the rolling curtain type heat insulation pipe is open. The thermosensitive magnetic ring is composed of a circular ring cylinder and thermosensitive magnetic materials attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular ring cylinder, and the Curie temperature of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the surface of the upper end is higher than that of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the lower surface. The upper end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is tightly sleeved with the circular cylinder attached with the thermosensitive magnetic ring; the magnetic rings are at least two, one is fixed at the upper end of the battery mandrel, the other is fixed at the position, close to the end face, of the lower end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, and the magnetism of the thermosensitive magnetic ring is opposite to that of the magnetic rings, so that the thermosensitive magnetic ring and the magnetic rings have mutually attracted magnetic force. The internal heat storage device comprises a pipe body and a phase change material encapsulated in the pipe body; one end of the internal heat storage device penetrates through the upper end opening of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe and then is fixed in the battery mandrel, and the length of the internal heat storage device is smaller than that of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe in an extension state. The outer surface of the internal heat storage and discharge device is coated with the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, when the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is in a contraction state, the internal heat storage and discharge device is exposed outside, and when the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is in an extension state, the internal heat storage and discharge device is coated inside.

Further, the battery mandrel is made of materials with high heat conductivity, high rigidity and low density, such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other metal materials, so that heat transfer can be realized more quickly.

Further, the tube body of the internal heat storage device is made of materials with high heat conductivity, high rigidity and low density, such as copper alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other metal materials, so that heat transfer can be realized more quickly.

Further, the material of the heat insulating pipe of roll curtain formula chooses for use low heat conduction, high rigidity, low density to make, optionally, the material of the heat insulating pipe of roll curtain formula mainly includes: (a) porous heat insulating material: polyurethane foam, superfine glass wool, high silicon-oxygen wool, aerogel felt (the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.018W/(K m)) and the like. (b) Heat reflective material: gold, silver, nickel, aluminum foil or metal-plated polyester, polyimide film, or the like; such as: aluminum-plated polyester films; an aluminum-plated polyimide film, and the like. Porous insulating materials are preferred, which better meet the requirements of low density, low thermal conductivity.

The rolling curtain type heat insulation pipe realizes extension or contraction through the thermosensitive magnetic ring and the magnetic ring with opposite magnetism, so that the internal heat storage device is wrapped or not wrapped, and further, the storage, sealing, unsealing and release of heat generated by self resistance and other factors in the running process of the battery are realized.

Further, the curie temperature of the thermosensitive magnetic ring is higher than 60 ℃. Optionally, the material of the thermosensitive magnetic ring includes: (a) nickel-based alloy: Ni-Cr, Ni-Mn, Ni-Al, Ni-Mo, Ni-Zn, Ni-Cu, etc. (b) Iron-nickel alloy: Fe-Ni. (c) Iron-nickel based alloys: Fe-Ni-Mn, Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-Ni-Cr, etc. The Curie temperature point of these alloys can be adjusted to below 100 ℃, i.e., the Curie temperature point requirement of the present invention can be satisfied. The high-quality prerequisite condition of the quick charging of the battery is that the quick charging is started for 10min when the internal temperature of the battery reaches 60 ℃; the present invention therefore chooses a temperature of the curie temperature of the thermo-sensitive magnetic ring 5 higher than 60 ℃.

Further, the magnet ring is an annular cylindrical body which is fixed at the top and the bottom of the battery mandrel. Optionally, the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel is 0.3-0.4 mm; the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the magnet ring at the bottom of the battery mandrel is 0.1-0.2 mm.

Furthermore, the diameter of the upper end face of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is adapted to the inner diameter of the magnet ring of the annular cylindrical body structure at the top of the battery mandrel, namely the upper end face of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe can enter the magnet ring and is tightly connected with the inner wall of the magnet ring.

Furthermore, the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe has an appearance structure similar to a telescopic rod, is formed by buckling open cylindrical pipes and is smoothly reduced in radius from bottom to top. Namely, the radius of the upper end surface of the lower cylindrical pipe is slightly smaller than that of the lower end surface of the middle cylindrical pipe; the radius of the upper end surface of the middle columnar pipe is slightly smaller than that of the lower end surface of the upper columnar pipe.

Further, the phase-change material in the internal heat storage and release device is prepared by sequentially mixing paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder according to a mass ratio of 6-8: 1-2: 1; optionally, the metal powder is one or a mixture of iron, copper and aluminum. The phase-change material can fully retain heat, and the phase-change temperature is between 45 and 65 ℃ by adjusting the content change of the components, and the temperature is adapted to the preheating temperature of 60 ℃ required by the rapid charging of the lithium battery pack.

Furthermore, the battery is a battery pack formed by a plurality of batteries in an array distribution, the batteries are arranged in a staggered manner, and an air duct is formed in the battery pack, so that the heat of the phase change material outside the battery can be taken away in time, and the heat can be uniformly dissipated.

Further, still include the cooling tube, the cooling tube is annular column sleeve pipe, annular column sleeve pipe is by the metal casing for inside packing phase change material, the battery sets up in the sleeve pipe.

Further, the phase-change material in the sleeve is prepared by sequentially mixing paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder according to a mass ratio of 6-8: 1-2: 1; optionally, the metal powder is one or a mixture of iron, copper and aluminum. The phase-change material can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery, and the phase-change temperature is adjusted to be between 30 and 45 ℃ through adjusting the content change of the components, and the temperature is adapted to the optimum temperature of 25 to 40 ℃ of the lithium battery pack.

Further, still include the heat pipe, connect the heat pipe between the limit battery of group battery and the adjacent inside battery, the heat pipe divide into straight heat pipe and L type heat pipe. The heat pipe plays a role in heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the battery pack, and the straight heat conduction pipe and the L-shaped heat conduction pipe are different in shape, so that the heat pipe can adapt to the distance between different batteries.

Further, both ends of the heat pipe are embedded in the annular cylindrical sleeve of the battery. Further, the heat pipes are longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the annular cylindrical sleeve.

Further, still include box shell, box fixing device, box shell, box fixing device are the same fluted body structure of shape, box shell cover is in box fixing device's outside, box shell, box fixing device's bottom respectively with bottom plate fixed connection, form two both ends open-ended group battery spaces between bottom plate, box fixing device, the box shell, be air intake end and air outlet end respectively, the both ends of battery are fixed respectively at bottom plate, box fixing device's top.

Further, the bottom plate is provided with a mounting groove, and the lower ends of the sleeve and the battery are fixed in the mounting groove.

Furthermore, a box shell fixing groove and a box fixing device fixing groove are formed in the bottom plate, and the lower end of the box shell and the lower end of the box fixing device are respectively fixed in the box shell fixing groove and the box fixing device fixing groove.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention realizes the automatic preheating of the battery by utilizing the space provided by the battery mandrel in the battery and the characteristics thereof, and compared with the prior mode of preheating the battery by external heating, the design of the invention does not influence the integral structure of the battery, and can save the arrangement of a large number of complex circuits, so that the battery adopting the preheating device of the invention does not additionally increase the space required by operation, thereby obviously improving the aspects of economy and practicability.

(2) The automatic preheating device does not need external energy to provide extra energy required by heating, but the energy generated in the battery operation process is collected and then stored in the internal heat storage and release device by utilizing the retractable cavity of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, so that the quick preheating of the battery is realized in a self-sufficient mode.

(3) The invention skillfully utilizes the characteristic that the thermosensitive magnetic material can perform ferromagnetic and paramagnetic transformation according to the temperature of the battery, and is matched with the magnet ring to realize the contraction or extension of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, thereby realizing the sealing or release of the energy collected in the internal heat storage and release device, and leading the preheating device of the invention to have the function of intelligent preheating.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-heating type battery module rapid charging internal preheating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bottom plate in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rolled thermal insulation pipe in a contracted (left view) and expanded (right view) state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of the roll-up type heat insulation pipe, the thermosensitive magnetic material, and the magnet ring according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an internal heat storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a box fixing device in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a box casing in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation tube in an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a straight heat pipe (left view) and an L-shaped heat pipe (right view) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The designations in the above figures represent respectively: 1-bottom plate, 2-battery, 3-battery mandrel, 4-rolling curtain type heat insulation pipe, 5-heat sensitive magnetic ring, 6-magnetic ring, 7-internal heat storage and release device, 8-radiating pipe, 9-heat conducting pipe, 10-straight heat conducting pipe, 11-L type heat conducting pipe, 12-box body shell, 13-box body fixing device, 14-mounting groove, 15-box body shell fixing groove and 16-box body fixing device fixing groove.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the drawings, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element needs to have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.

As described above, the current research mainly uses a constant temperature heating mode from the outside of the battery to realize preheating before charging, but this mode obviously increases the space, weight and economic cost required by the operation of the lithium battery pack, and has certain limitations. Therefore, the invention provides a self-heating type internal preheating device for rapidly charging a battery module; the invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a self-heating type battery module rapid charging internal preheating device designed by the invention comprises: a soleplate 1, a battery 2 and an automatic preheating device. The battery 2 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, a hollow battery mandrel 3 (refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3) is arranged in the center of the battery, and an automatic preheating device is installed in the battery mandrel 3.

Referring to fig. 4-6, the automatic preheating apparatus includes a rolled heat insulating pipe 4, a heat sensitive magnetic ring 5, a magnetic ring 6, and an internal heat storage 7. The roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is a telescopic structure formed by three sections of pipe bodies, is formed by buckling open cylindrical pipes, is smoothly reduced in radius from bottom to top, and is communicated with each other. Namely, the radius of the upper end surface of the lower cylindrical pipe is slightly smaller than that of the lower end surface of the middle cylindrical pipe; the radius of the upper end surface of the middle columnar tube is slightly smaller than that of the lower end surface of the upper columnar tube, so that the roller shutter type heat insulation tube 4 forms a telescopic inner chamber; the upper end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is open.

Further, the diameter of the upper end surface of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is adapted to the inner diameter of the magnet ring of the annular cylindrical body structure at the top of the battery mandrel, that is, the upper end surface of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 can enter the magnet ring and is tightly connected with the inner wall of the magnet ring.

The thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 is composed of a circular cylinder and thermosensitive magnetic materials attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the circular cylinder, and the Curie temperature of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the upper surface is higher than that of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the lower surface. The upper end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is tightly sleeved with the circular cylinder attached with the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5.

The magnet ring 6 is an annular cylindrical body which is fixed at the top and the bottom of the battery mandrel. The difference (thickness) between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel is 0.4 mm; the difference (thickness) between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the magnet ring at the bottom of the battery mandrel is 0.2 mm. The number of the magnet rings 6 is two, one is fixed at the upper end of the battery mandrel 3, the other is fixed at the position of the lower end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 close to the end face of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, and the magnetism of the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 is opposite to that of the magnet rings 6, so that the two magnet rings have mutually attractive magnetic force.

The internal heat storage device 7 comprises a tube and a phase change material encapsulated therein; one end of the internal heat storage device 7 passes through the upper end opening of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 and then is fixed in the battery mandrel 3, and the length of the internal heat storage device 7 is smaller than that of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 in an extending state. So that the roll screen type heat insulating pipe 4 covers the outer surface of the internal heat storage device 7, the internal heat storage device 7 is exposed when the roll screen type heat insulating pipe 4 is in a contracted state, and the internal heat storage device 7 is covered therein when the roll screen type heat insulating pipe 4 is in an extended state.

Further, the battery mandrel 3 is made of aluminum alloy, and has the characteristics of high heat conduction, high rigidity and low density, so that heat transfer can be realized more quickly. The battery core shaft 3 is mainly used as a support component of the battery, generally, the material of the battery core shaft 3 is a cylindrical metal tube with a hollow structure, which can meet the rigidity required by supporting the battery and achieve the purpose of light weight, and the battery core shaft 3 made of such metal materials often has good heat conductivity. The invention utilizes the space provided by the hollow battery mandrel 3 and the characteristics thereof, and the automatic preheating device is arranged in the hollow battery mandrel, thereby not only not increasing the space required by the operation of the battery pack additionally, but also not influencing the integral structure of the battery.

Further, the pipe body of the internal heat storage and release device 7 is made of aluminum alloy, and has the characteristics of high heat conduction, high rigidity and low density, so that heat transfer can be realized more quickly.

Further, the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is made of polyurethane foam; it has the features of low heat conductivity, high rigidity and low density. The roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is extended or contracted through the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 and the magnetic ring 6 with opposite magnetism, so that the internal heat storage and discharge device 7 is wrapped or not wrapped, when the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is in a contracted state, namely the internal heat storage and discharge device 7 is exposed outside, heat released in the battery operation process is conveniently collected in the internal heat storage and discharge device 7 for storage, and when the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is in an extended state, namely the internal heat storage and discharge device 7 is wrapped in the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4, the low heat conduction characteristic of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 can play a good role in sealing and storing stored energy, so that the stored energy can be released when preheating is needed.

The Curie temperature of the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 is higher than 60 ℃, and the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 is made of iron-nickel alloy. The high-quality prerequisite condition of the quick charging of the battery is that the quick charging is started for 10min when the internal temperature of the battery reaches 60 ℃; the present invention therefore chooses a temperature of the curie temperature of the thermo-sensitive magnetic ring 5 higher than 60 ℃. The reason is that heat is generated due to factors such as self-resistance and the like in the battery operation process, the saturation magnetic induction intensity of the thermosensitive magnetic material changes along with the temperature change, the thermosensitive magnetic ring 5 on the lower surface of the circular cylinder is attracted with the magnetic ring 6 at the bottom of the battery mandrel due to magnetism before the battery temperature rises to the curie temperature by heat generated by the battery operation, and the self-gravity action of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is added, so that the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 is in a contraction state, the internal heat storage device 7 is exposed outside, and part of heat generated by the battery can be stored in the internal heat storage device 7 in the process. When the temperature reaches the Curie temperature, the heat-sensitive magnetic material on the lower surface of the circular cylinder is converted from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism, the magnetic conductivity suddenly drops, and the attraction between the magnetic ring 6 at the bottom of the battery mandrel 3 is lost.

At the moment, because the internal temperature of the battery is higher than 60 ℃, the magnetic induction intensity of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the upper surface of the circular cylinder is greatly increased, the magnetic force between the thermosensitive magnetic material and the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel exceeds the sum of the gravity of the middle section, the upper section and the circular cylinder of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is pulled upwards to be in an extension state, and the thermosensitive magnetic material and the upper end magnet ring are tightly attracted. Therefore, the internal heat storage device 7 is wrapped to be convenient for sealing the stored heat, so that the stored heat can preheat the battery to about 60 ℃ and is just at the appropriate temperature for quick charging of the battery, and the low-heat-conduction roller shutter type heat insulation pipe 4 can play a good role in blocking the residual heat from entering the internal heat storage device 7.

When the battery stops running and the internal temperature of the battery reaches the environmental temperature, the heat-sensitive magnetic material on the lower surface of the circular cylinder recovers magnetism, and the magnetism of the heat-sensitive magnetic material on the upper surface of the circular cylinder is obviously weakened; the sum of the magnetic force between the thermosensitive magnetic material on the lower surface of the circular cylindrical body and the magnet ring at the bottom of the battery mandrel and the gravity of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe and the circular cylindrical body exceeds the magnetic force between the thermosensitive magnetic material on the upper surface of the circular cylindrical body and the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel, the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is gradually pulled downwards, and the thermosensitive magnetic material on the upper surface of the circular cylindrical body is separated from the magnet at the top of the battery mandrel and the magnetic force is reduced suddenly along with the increase of the distance between the circular cylindrical body and the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel; because the distance between the magnetic ring at the bottom of the battery mandrel and the circular ring cylinder is reduced, the magnetic force between the thermosensitive magnetic material on the lower surface of the circular ring cylinder and the magnetic body at the bottom of the battery mandrel is greatly increased, the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is pulled downwards to be in a contraction state, the internal heat storage and discharge device 7 is exposed outside, heat is diffused outwards from the inside of the phase change material, the lithium battery pack completes self-heating, and the lithium battery pack can quickly reach 60 ℃ before charging to achieve a quick charging condition.

Further, referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, the internal preheating device for fast charging of a self-heating battery module further includes a box body housing 12 and a box body fixing device 13, the box body housing 12 and the box body fixing device 13 are groove-shaped structures with the same shape, the box body housing 12 is sleeved outside the box body fixing device 13, bottoms of the box body housing 12 and the box body fixing device 13 are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottom plate 1, two battery pack spaces with openings at two ends are formed among the bottom plate, the box body fixing device and the box body housing and respectively serve as an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and two ends of a battery are respectively fixed at tops of the bottom plate and the box body fixing device.

Further, in some implementations, referring to fig. 2, the bottom plate 1 is provided with a mounting groove 14, and the sleeve 8 and the lower end of the battery are fixed in the mounting groove 14. The bottom plate 1 is provided with a box shell fixing groove 15 and a box fixing device fixing groove 16, and the lower end of the box shell 12 and the lower end of the box fixing device 13 are respectively fixed in the box shell fixing groove 15 and the box fixing device fixing groove 16, so that the stability of the box shell 12 and the box fixing device 13 is improved.

In other implementations, the phase-change material in the internal heat storage and release device 7 is prepared from paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder in a mass ratio of 7.2: 1.7: 1; the metal powder is iron powder. The phase-change material can fully retain heat, the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is about 60 ℃, and the temperature is adaptive to the preheating temperature 60 ℃ required by the quick charge of the lithium battery pack.

In addition, in other implementations of the invention, the metal powder is selected from one of copper and aluminum or a mixture of iron, copper and aluminum, including iron and copper, iron and aluminum or copper and aluminum.

In other implementations, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the battery is a battery pack in which a plurality of batteries are distributed in an array, the array is in a diamond structure, and the batteries in the array are staggered in sequence, so that an air duct is formed in the battery pack, and the air duct is helpful for taking away heat of the phase change material outside the batteries in time and dissipating heat uniformly.

In addition, in some implementations, referring to fig. 9, the above-mentioned self-heating type battery module rapid charging internal preheating device further includes a heat dissipation pipe 8, the heat dissipation pipe is an annular cylindrical sleeve made of a metal shell filled with a phase change material for the inside, and the battery is disposed in the sleeve. The phase-change material in the sleeve is prepared from paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder in a mass ratio of 6.2: 1.4: 1, and the metal powder is copper powder. The phase-change material can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery, and the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is about 35 ℃, which is suitable for the optimum temperature of the lithium battery pack of 25-40 ℃.

Further, in some implementations, the above-mentioned self-heating type battery module rapid-charging internal preheating device further includes a heat conduction pipe 9, and a heat pipe is connected between the side battery and the adjacent internal battery of the battery pack.

Further, referring to fig. 10, the heat pipes are divided into a straight heat pipe 10 and an L-shaped heat pipe 11, both ends of the heat pipe are embedded in the annular cylindrical casing of the battery, and the heat pipe is longitudinally arranged on the outer wall of the annular cylindrical casing. The heat conduction pipe plays the effect of the heat exchange of the inside and the outside of the battery pack, and the distance between different batteries can be adapted to due to the fact that the shape of the straight heat conduction pipe is different from that of the L-shaped heat conduction pipe.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an inside preheating device of self-heating formula battery module quick charge which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a bottom plate, a battery and an automatic preheating device; the battery is fixed on the bottom plate, a hollow battery mandrel is arranged in the center of the battery, and an automatic preheating device is arranged in the battery mandrel and comprises a roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, a thermosensitive magnetic ring, a magnetic ring and an internal heat storage and release device;

the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is a telescopic structure formed by a plurality of sections of pipes, and the sections of pipes are communicated with each other, so that the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe forms a telescopic internal cavity; the upper end of the rolling curtain type heat insulation pipe is open; the thermosensitive magnetic ring consists of a circular cylinder and thermosensitive magnetic materials attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular cylinder, and the Curie temperature of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the surface of the upper end is higher than that of the thermosensitive magnetic material on the lower surface;

the upper end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe is tightly sleeved with the circular cylinder attached with the thermosensitive magnetic ring; the magnetic rings are at least two, one is fixed at the upper end of the battery mandrel, the other is fixed at the position, close to the end face, of the lower end of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe, and the magnetism of the thermosensitive magnetic ring is opposite to that of the magnetic rings, so that the thermosensitive magnetic ring and the magnetic rings have mutually attracted magnetic force;

the internal heat storage device comprises a pipe body and a phase change material encapsulated in the pipe body; one end of the internal heat storage device penetrates through the upper end opening of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe and then is fixed in the battery mandrel, and the length of the internal heat storage device is smaller than that of the roller shutter type heat insulation pipe in an extension state.

2. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 1, wherein the material of the rolling heat-insulating tube is selected from porous heat-insulating material or heat-reflecting material.

3. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 2, wherein the material of the rolling heat insulating tube is porous heat insulating material.

4. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 2, wherein the porous heat insulating material comprises: any one of polyurethane foam plastic, superfine glass wool, high silicon-oxygen cotton and aerogel felt.

5. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 2, wherein the heat reflecting material comprises: gold, silver, nickel, aluminum foil, or a metal-plated polyester or polyimide film.

6. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 2, wherein the heat reflecting material is an aluminum-plated polyester film or an aluminum-plated polyimide film.

7. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 1, wherein the curie temperature of the heat-sensitive magnetic ring is higher than 60 ℃.

8. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 7, wherein the material of the heat-sensitive magnetic ring comprises any one of nickel-based alloy, iron-nickel alloy and iron-nickel-based alloy.

9. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 1, wherein the magnet ring is a ring-shaped cylindrical body fixed on both top and bottom of the battery mandrel.

10. The self-heating type battery module rapid-charging internal preheating device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the difference between the inner and outer diameters of the magnet ring at the top of the battery mandrel is 0.3-0.4 mm; the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the magnet ring at the bottom of the battery mandrel is 0.1-0.2 mm.

11. The self-heating type battery module rapid-charging internal preheating device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the upper end surface of the rolling shutter type heat insulation pipe is adapted to the inner diameter of the magnet ring of the annular cylindrical body structure at the top of the battery mandrel.

12. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 1, wherein the material of the battery mandrel is selected from any one of copper alloy, aluminum alloy and stainless steel.

13. The self-heating type internal preheating device for rapidly charging a battery module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tube of the internal heat storage device is made of any one of copper alloy, aluminum alloy and stainless steel.

14. The self-heating type internal preheating device for rapidly charging the battery module as claimed in claim 13, wherein the phase-change material in the internal heat storage and release device is formed by sequentially mixing paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder according to a mass ratio of 6-8: 1-2: 1, in a mixture of the components.

15. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery modules according to claim 14, wherein the metal powder is one or a mixture of iron, copper and aluminum.

16. The self-heating type internal preheating device for rapidly charging the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a box body housing and a box body fixing device, wherein the box body housing and the box body fixing device are of groove-shaped structures with the same shape, the box body housing is sleeved outside the box body fixing device, the bottom of the box body housing and the bottom of the box body fixing device are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottom plate, two battery pack spaces with openings at two ends, namely an air inlet end and an air outlet end, are formed between the bottom plate, the box body fixing device and the box body housing, and two ends of the battery are respectively fixed at the top of the bottom plate and the box body fixing device.

17. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery modules according to claim 16, wherein a mounting groove is provided on the base plate, and the lower end of the battery is fixed in the mounting groove.

18. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for a battery module according to claim 16, wherein a case housing fixing groove and a case fixing device fixing groove are formed on the base plate, and a lower end of the case housing and a lower end of the case fixing device are fixed in the case housing fixing groove and the case fixing device fixing groove, respectively.

19. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 16, wherein the battery is a battery pack formed by a plurality of batteries arranged in an array, the batteries are arranged in a staggered manner, and an air duct is formed in the battery pack.

20. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 16, further comprising a heat radiation pipe, wherein the heat radiation pipe is an annular cylindrical sleeve made of a metal shell filled with a phase change material for the inside, and the battery is disposed in the sleeve.

21. The self-heating type battery module rapid-charging internal preheating device according to claim 20, wherein the lower end of the bushing is fixed in the mounting groove.

22. The self-heating type internal preheating device for rapidly charging the battery module as claimed in claim 20, wherein the phase-change material in the sleeve is formed by sequentially mixing paraffin, graphite powder and metal powder according to a mass ratio of 6-8: 1-2: 1, in a mixture of the components.

23. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 22, wherein the metal powder is one or a mixture of iron, copper and aluminum.

24. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 16, further comprising a heat pipe connected between the side cell and the adjacent internal cell of the battery pack, the heat pipe being divided into a straight heat pipe and an L-shaped heat pipe.

25. The self-heating type rapid-charging internal preheating device for battery module according to claim 24, wherein both ends of the heat pipe are embedded in an annular cylindrical sleeve of the battery.

26. The self-heating type battery module rapid-charging internal preheating device according to claim 24, wherein the heat pipe is arranged longitudinally on the outer wall of the annular cylindrical sleeve.