CN111220408B - Rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and a sampling method thereof, wherein the sampler comprises a sampling groove and an auxiliary push-pull rod connected with one end of the sampling groove through a connecting assembly, wherein: the sampling groove comprises a groove body with a circular arc-shaped cross section, a sampling groove formed on the outer wall of the groove body and barbs fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body, the outer diameter of the groove body is the same as the inner diameter of the rainwater pipeline, the groove bottom of the sampling groove protrudes out of the inner wall of the groove body, and the barbs are fixed at two ends of the groove body; the auxiliary push-pull rod comprises a straight rod and a stress rod, wherein the straight rod is connected with the bottom of the sampling groove through the connecting assembly, and one end of the stress rod is hinged to the middle lower part of the straight rod. The utility model can realize complete and fidelity sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of water environment restoration, in particular to a rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and a sampling method thereof.
Background
In recent years, urban inland inundation frequently occurs, and is related to reduction of pipeline volume and overflowing capacity caused by rainwater pipeline siltation besides external reasons of extreme weather, and the existence of urban rainwater pipeline sediments is a main reason for pipeline siltation and water delivery capacity reduction. In the stormy weather, the rainwater pipeline deposit can be washed by runoff and enters the water body to form an impact pollution load, and pollutants existing in the deposit can be released into the water body again to threaten the river channel ecological system. In addition, the rainwater pipe network sediment generates H under the action of microorganisms2S and other toxic and harmful gases can corrode pipelines and threaten the safety of related personnel. Due to the fact thatTherefore, the research on the rainwater pipeline sediments is of great significance in improving the functions of the rainwater pipeline system and reducing the pollution of the sediments and the like.
Related studies have divided pipeline deposit composition into three parts: near bottom solid (Near bed solid), organic layer (organic layer) and Biofilm (Biofilm). The physical and chemical properties (particle size, water content, pollutant amount, and the like) of the three parts of the pipeline sediment and the resistance to hydraulic scouring have great differences. The reports about the pipeline deposit are not comprehensive, most of the reports are from foreign scholars, and the research reports about the pipeline deposit in China are less. In the domestic rainwater pipeline system, except that a certain maintenance space is arranged in the inspection well, the rest pipeline parts basically have no reserved space, so that the collection of pipeline sediments by domestic researchers becomes very difficult.
The collection of the pipeline deposit sample is a necessary link in the aspects of researching the physicochemical property, biological diversity, pollution load and the like of the pipeline deposit, so that the method for sampling the original state of the rainwater pipeline deposit is necessary and has important significance. At present, the sampling methods of the sediments of the rainwater pipeline are less, and more methods are sampling methods applied to river channels, lakes or ocean sediments.
The patent number of the utility model is CN10445833A discloses a natural river columnar sediment collection device, which comprises a support, a main frame, a counterweight mechanism, a sampling rod, a rotating mechanism, a sampling head and a striking mechanism, wherein the main frame is arranged on the support, the counterweight mechanism is arranged on the main frame, the sampling rod is arranged on the main frame, the rotating mechanism is connected to the sampling rod, the striking mechanism and the sampling head are connected to the rotating mechanism, and the striking mechanism is positioned above the sampling head. After the device is transported to the bank of the collection site, the main frame is first connected to the support, which is fixed to the ground. The length of the sampling rod is adjusted, the sampling rod penetrates through the sleeve in the main frame, and the top of the sampling head is connected to the foremost end of the sampling rod. Reach and formulate the sampling point position and transfer perpendicularly, make the sampling head stretch into the bed mud, hit at hitting the mechanism and take a sample down. The utility model realizes the long-distance columnar sediment collection, ensures accurate sampling positioning, saves time and labor, is convenient to carry, and is suitable for the columnar sediment collection of the riverway with different water depths.
The patent number is CN203259363U utility model discloses a lake core sampling device for different depth of water lake deposit, it includes from last to catching core ware rotation to core ware rotation and catching core ware in proper order down and includes sample cell and spinning blade, and the sample cell body is equipped with the connecting rod that is used for being connected with the drilling rod for the top of the semi-circular cell body of semi-circular cell body, and the both ends that set firmly drill bit spinning blade on the bottom lateral surface of semi-circular cell body rotationally connect respectively on the top and the bottom of semi-circular cell body. The utility model overcomes the defects of the existing mechanical sediment sampler, improves the sampling success rate and the sample integrity, realizes the sampling of water bodies and the marsh rock cores at different depths by prolonging the drill rod and adding the heavy hammer, greatly simplifies the link of disassembly and assembly, effectively saves the time and meets the research requirements.
The utility model with the patent number of CN108020442A discloses a hydraulic drive mechanical hand-held submarine sediment fidelity sampler and a sampling method, the sampler comprises a hydraulic source and a pressure maintaining cylinder, sampling tube, turn over board sealing mechanism and open valve and turn over board sealing mechanism and install at pressurize bobbin base opening part, turn over board sealing mechanism and include turning over board disk seat and flap valve, turn over board disk seat and pressurize section of thick bamboo sealing connection flap valve and be close to the valve opening and articulate on turning over the board disk seat, the flap valve with turn over and be equipped with torsional spring sampling tube cartridge between the board disk seat in the section of thick bamboo of pressing, be equipped with on the sampling tube with pressurize section of thick bamboo hole complex sampling tube piston, the sampling tube is coaxial with the valve opening on turning over the board disk seat the hydraulic source passes through the pipe connection with the oil inlet of opening the valve, the oil-out of opening the valve passes through the pipeline and is connected with the through-hole of a pressurize section of thick bamboo lateral wall, pressurize section of thick bamboo top is equipped with the backward flow hole, through the pipeline intercommunication between the inner chamber of backward flow hole and flap valve installation department. The utility model has simple and compact structure and convenient operation, and is provided with the pressure maintaining cylinder to ensure the sampling fidelity effect.
The above three sediment samplers can sample in respective corresponding environments, however, compared with river, lake and sea sediments, the environment of the rainwater pipeline sediment and the nature (thickness, density, composition) of the sediment are greatly different, which makes it difficult for the above utility model or invention patent to realize original-state fidelity sampling of the pipeline sediment. The undisturbed fidelity of the pipeline sediment sample is of great significance to the research of pipeline sediment, so that the undisturbed sampler for the sediment of the rainwater pipeline and the sampling method thereof are necessary to be disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and a sampling method thereof aiming at the defect that undisturbed fidelity sampling cannot be realized in the prior art, which can realize complete and fidelity sampling so as to provide support for researching the characteristics of rainwater pipeline sediments.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the utility model is as follows:
the utility model provides a rainwater pipeline deposit original state sampler, including the sample cell with through coupling assembling with the supplementary push-pull rod that the one end in sample cell is connected, wherein:
the sampling groove comprises a groove body with a circular arc-shaped cross section, a sampling groove formed on the outer wall of the groove body and an inverted hook fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body, the outer diameter of the groove body is the same as the inner diameter of the rainwater pipeline, and the groove bottom of the sampling groove protrudes out of the inner wall of the groove body;
the auxiliary push-pull rod comprises a straight rod and a stress rod, wherein the straight rod is connected with the bottom of the sampling groove through the connecting assembly, and one end of the stress rod is hinged to the middle lower part of the straight rod.
The method for sampling by using the rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler comprises the following steps of:
and 4, after the sediment sample is collected, bringing the sampling equipment back to the ground, taking the sediment sample out of the groove body, taking the biological film out of the groove, and storing the biological film and the sediment sample by using a special container.
As a preferred mode, the sampling grooves are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the tank body, two to six, preferably four, sampling grooves which are parallel to each other are arranged on each side, the sampling grooves are in a linear structure or an arc structure, and two ends of each sampling groove are respectively located at two ends of the tank body.
Preferably, the sampling well is inclined at 45 ° to the inside of the tank body
Preferably, the barbs incline towards the outside of the groove body, the inclination angle is smaller than or equal to 15 degrees, and the barbs are in a shape of a short rod and are fixed on the inner wall of the groove body in a matrix manner.
As a preferable mode, the lengths of the straight rod and the stressed rod are adjustable.
As a preferred mode, the sampling grooves are connected through a series mechanism, and the series mechanism comprises a clamping groove fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body and a connecting buckle for connecting the two groove bodies together through the clamping groove. The draw-in groove on two sample grooves is connected respectively at the both ends that link up the buckle, links together two sample grooves.
As a preferred mode, the clamping groove is formed by two adjacent H-shaped piles, the connecting buckle comprises a connecting rod and balls fixed to the two ends of the connecting rod, and the gap between the two H-shaped piles is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the balls. The connecting rod is located the clearance of worker's shape stake, and two balls are located the both sides of two draw-in grooves respectively, link together two sample grooves.
As an optimal mode, two ends of each sampling groove are provided with three clamping grooves, each clamping groove comprises a bottom clamping groove and two side clamping grooves, the bottom clamping groove is located at the bottommost end of the inner wall of the sampling groove, and the two side clamping grooves are arranged in an axial symmetry mode by taking the central axis of the sampling groove as an axis.
Preferably, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting pile fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the straight rod and a bottom clamping groove, and the connecting pile can be inserted into a gap formed by the two H-shaped piles in a matching mode. The sampling groove and the auxiliary push-pull rod are connected together by the connecting pile and the bottom clamping groove to form fixation.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. a plurality of sampling grooves can be connected according to actual sampling requirements, and the use is flexible and convenient;
2. the design of the I-shaped connecting clamping groove ensures that the connection between the sampling grooves is very stable and can not easily fall off;
3. the auxiliary push-pull rod is utilized to save labor and time during the sampling process, and the auxiliary push-pull rod with adjustable length can be well erected under different inspection well environments.
4. The sampling groove on the outer wall of the sampling groove can collect the biomembrane on the inner wall of the pipeline, and the biomembrane has important research significance for researching the microbial composition and diversity of the rainwater pipeline sediment;
5. the inverted hook on the inner wall of the sampling groove can prevent the sediment from falling off when the sampling groove is pulled outwards, and repeated operation is avoided;
6. the circular arc sampling groove enables the collected sediment to have good original shape and fidelity effects, and can be used for simulation research of pipeline sediment in a laboratory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a front view of a sampling tank.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the sampling groove (the sampling groove is linear).
FIG. 3 is a front view of the sampling groove (the sampling groove is curved).
Fig. 4 is a front view of the sampling groove.
FIG. 5 is a front view of the sampling tank in use.
FIG. 6 shows a side view of a sampling slot.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the card slot.
Fig. 8 is a top view of the engaging groove and the engaging clip.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the card slot and the engaging catch.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the auxiliary push-pull rod.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a mechanism for connecting a plurality of sampling grooves.
Fig. 12 shows a state diagram of the sampler in use.
In the figure:
1-groove body, 2-rainwater pipeline, 3-sampling groove, 4-barb, 5-straight rod, 6-stress rod, 7-connecting pile, 8-hinge, 9-I-shaped pile, 10-connecting rod and 11-ball.
Detailed Description
The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.
Example 1
The utility model provides a rainwater pipeline deposit original state sampler, including the sample cell with through coupling assembling with the supplementary push-pull rod that the one end in sample cell is connected, wherein:
the sampling groove comprises a groove body 1 with a circular arc-shaped cross section, a sampling groove 3 formed on the outer wall of the groove body 1 and an inverted hook 4 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body 1, the outer diameter of the groove body 1 is the same as the inner diameter of the rainwater pipeline 2, and the groove bottom of the sampling groove 3 protrudes out of the inner wall of the groove body 1;
the auxiliary push-pull rod comprises a straight rod 5 and a stress rod 6, wherein the straight rod 5 is connected with the bottom of the sampling groove through the connecting assembly, and one end of the stress rod is hinged to the middle lower part of the straight rod 5.
The method for sampling by using the rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler comprises the following steps of:
and 4, after the sediment sample is collected, bringing the sampling equipment back to the ground, taking the sediment sample out of the groove body 1, taking the biological film out of the groove 3, and storing the biological film and the sediment sample by using a special container.
When the device is used, the bottom of the straight rod 5 is arranged at the bottom of one end of the groove body 1, the outer diameter of the groove body 1 is equal to the inner diameter D of a pipeline, and the radius of the outer wall of the groove body 1
So as to achieve the purpose that the outer wall of the sampling groove is tightly attached to the inner wall of the rainwater pipeline in the sampling process. The sampling groove 3 is used for collecting the biological membrane attached to the inner wall of the pipeline. The function of the barb 4 is to prevent the collected mud sample from falling off.
Example 2
The structure of the sampling groove and the auxiliary push-pull rod is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment 1.
As a preferable mode, the sampling grooves 3 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the tank body 1, two to six sampling grooves 3 parallel to each other, preferably four sampling grooves, are arranged on each side, the sampling grooves 3 are of an arc-shaped structure, and two ends of each sampling groove 3 are respectively located at two ends of the tank body 1.
Preferably, the sampling groove 3 is inclined to the inside of the tank body 1 by 45 ° (an angle between a side wall of the sampling groove 3 and a normal line passing through one point of the side wall is 45 °, a cross section of the sampling groove 3 is a parallelogram), a groove width of the sampling groove 3 is 0.04 to 0.08d, preferably 0.06d, a groove depth is 0.04 to 0.08d, preferably 0.06d, and a distance between an end of the uppermost sampling groove 3 and a top of the tank body 1 is 0.02 to 0.04d, preferably 0.03 d. The distance between the middle part of the sampling groove 3 at the lowest layer and the bottom of the tank body 1 is 0.15-0.20d, and preferably 0.18 d. The interval between two adjacent sampling grooves 3 is 0.02-0.04d, preferably 0.03 d. The groove has certain collection effect on the biomembrane on the inner wall of the pipeline between 0.18d and 0.97 d. The groove position is determined according to the position where the biological film is usually attached in the pipeline deposit, and the shape and the angle of the groove are designed to collect the biological film more efficiently, so that the collected biological film is not easy to fall off in the dragging process of the sampling groove, and the collection efficiency of the biological film is improved.
Preferably, the length of the barbs 4 is less than or equal to 0.06d, the barbs incline towards the outside of the groove body 1, and the inclination angle (the included angle between the barbs and the horizontal plane) is less than or equal to 15 degrees.
Preferably, the barbs 4 are in the shape of short rods and are fixed on the inner wall of the groove body 1 in a matrix, and the barbs 4 are used for preventing collected mud samples from falling off. The length of the barb is not easy to overlong (the preferable length is less than or equal to 0.06d), and the larger the inner diameter of the rainwater pipeline is, the length of the barb can be properly increased. The barb is inclined outward of the pipeline at an angle (preferably, the angle is less than or equal to 15 degrees). The length and the angle of the barb are set so as to reduce the disturbance to the bottom layer of the sediment in the pipeline, and meanwhile, the sediment sample is prevented from easily falling off when the sampling groove is pulled outwards, so that the collection efficiency of the sediment is improved.
As a preferred mode, the length of the straight rod 5 and the stress rod 6 is adjustable, the straight rod 5 is formed by sleeving three pipes, the total length of the three pipes is L, three adjusting points are arranged on the straight rod, the length of the straight rod can be adjusted according to actual needs, the stress rod is formed by sleeving three short pipes, three adjusting points are arranged on the stress rod, the length of the stress rod can be adjusted according to actual needs so as to apply force, the stress rod is connected with the straight rod through a hinge 8, and the distance between the position of the hinge and the bottom of the straight rod 5 is equal to the length of the straight rod 5
Example 3
The structure of the sampling groove is further optimized on the basis of the embodiment 1. A plurality of sampling grooves can be selected as required, and the sampling amount can be increased by connecting the plurality of sampling grooves in series.
In this embodiment, rainwater pipeline deposit original state sampler includes two at least sample grooves, the sample groove is connected through the tandem structure, the tandem structure is including fixed the setting draw-in groove on the 1 inner wall of cell body and through the draw-in groove will two the linking buckle that cell body 1 links together. The draw-in groove on two sample grooves is connected respectively at the both ends that link up the buckle, links together two sample grooves.
Preferably, the clamping groove is formed by two adjacent H-shaped piles 9, the connecting buckle comprises a connecting rod 10 and round balls 11 fixed at two ends of the connecting rod, and a gap between the two H-shaped piles 9 is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 10 and smaller than the diameter of the round balls 11. The connecting rod 10 is positioned in the gap of the H-shaped pile 9, and the two round balls 11 are respectively positioned at two sides of the two clamping grooves to connect the two sampling grooves together.
As an optimal mode, two ends of each sampling groove are provided with three clamping grooves, each clamping groove comprises a bottom clamping groove and two side clamping grooves, the bottom clamping groove is located at the bottommost end of the inner wall of the sampling groove, and the two side clamping grooves are arranged in an axial symmetry mode by taking the central axis of the sampling groove as an axis. The lateral clamping grooves are positioned at two sides of the sampling groove and form a 120-degree angle with a connecting line of the circle center of the pipeline, and the height from the lateral clamping grooves to the bottom of the sampling groove is 0.5 d. The bottom clamping groove, the center of the pipeline and one side clamping groove form an equilateral triangle.
In the sampling process, can couple together two sample grooves with the specification through three linking buckle, can utilize linking buckle to connect a plurality of sample grooves according to the sampling needs. If the sampling quantity is larger, a plurality of sampling grooves can be connected; if the sediments with different pipeline depths need to be collected in sections, a plurality of sampling grooves can be connected.
More specifically, the height of the H-shaped pile 9 is 0.03d, the length of the H-shaped pile is 0.02d, the width of the H-shaped pile is 0.03d, the thickness of the middle of the H-shaped pile is 0.007d, and the distance between the two H-shaped piles is 0.02 d. The connecting buckle is composed of a thin rod with the length of 0.063d and the diameter of slightly less than 0.007d and two round balls with the diameter of 0.03d, wherein the two round balls are connected with the two ends of the thin rod. The slender rod that links up the buckle just can be put into between two worker shape stake, and the ball that links up the buckle can be blocked to the connecting groove who constitutes two worker shape stake to fix two connecting groove.
Preferably, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting pile 7 fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the straight rod 5 and a bottom clamping groove, and the connecting pile 7 can be inserted into a gap formed by the two H-shaped piles 9 in a matching mode. The sampling groove and the auxiliary push-pull rod are connected together by the fixing formed by the connecting pile 7 and the bottom clamping groove.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a rainwater pipeline deposit original state sampler, its characterized in that, including the sample groove with through coupling assembling with the supplementary push-pull rod that the one end in sample groove is connected, wherein:
the sampling groove comprises a groove body with a circular arc-shaped cross section, a sampling groove formed on the outer wall of the groove body and an inverted hook fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body, the outer diameter of the groove body is the same as the inner diameter of the rainwater pipeline, and the groove bottom of the sampling groove protrudes out of the inner wall of the groove body; the sampling grooves are connected through a series connection mechanism, and the series connection mechanism comprises a clamping groove fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the groove body and a connecting buckle for connecting the two groove bodies together through the clamping groove;
the clamping groove is formed by two adjacent H-shaped piles, the connecting buckle comprises a connecting rod and round balls fixed at two ends of the connecting rod, and a gap between the two H-shaped piles is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the round balls;
the auxiliary push-pull rod comprises a straight rod and a stress rod, the straight rod is connected with the bottom of the sampling groove through the connecting assembly, one end of the stress rod is hinged to the middle lower portion of the straight rod, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting pile and a bottom clamping groove, the connecting pile is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the straight rod, and the connecting pile can be inserted into a gap formed by the H-shaped piles in an adaptive mode.
2. The undisturbed sampler for sediments in a rainwater pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sampling grooves are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the tank body, two-six sampling grooves which are parallel to each other are arranged at each side, the sampling grooves are in a linear structure or an arc structure, and two ends of each sampling groove are respectively positioned at two ends of the tank body.
3. The undisturbed sampler of rainwater pipe sediment as claimed in claim 1 wherein the sampling recess is inclined 45 ° to the interior of the tank.
4. The undisturbed sampler for sediments in a rainwater pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the barbs are inclined towards the outside of the tank body, the inclination angle is less than or equal to 15 degrees, and the barbs are in a shape of a short rod and are fixed on the inner wall of the tank body in a matrix.
5. The undisturbed sampler of rainwater pipe sediment of claim 1 wherein the length of the straight rod and the stressed rod is adjustable.
6. The undisturbed sampler for sediment in rainwater pipeline according to claim 1, wherein three slots are provided at two ends of each sampling slot, the three slots include a bottom slot and two side slots, the bottom slot is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the sampling slot, and the two side slots are arranged in axial symmetry with respect to the central axis of the sampling slot.
7. Method for sampling with a rainwater pipe sediment undisturbed sampler as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, opening a manhole cover of a selected sampling point, standing for 20-30 minutes, and discharging toxic and harmful gases;
step 2, taking a sampling operator into a well, and observing the position and the thickness of sediment in the rainwater pipeline;
step 3, tightly attaching the outer wall of the sampling groove to the inner wall of the pipeline, installing the bottom of the auxiliary push-pull rod at the bottom of one end of the sampling groove, repeatedly swinging the top of the straight rod outwards, and moving the sampling groove into the pipeline under the action of the stress rod;
and 4, after the sediment sample is collected, bringing the sampling equipment back to the ground, taking the sediment sample out of the groove body, taking the biological film out of the groove, and storing the biological film and the sediment sample by using a special container.
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| CN201811428398.3A CN111220408B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and sampling method thereof |
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| CN201811428398.3A CN111220408B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Rainwater pipeline sediment undisturbed sampler and sampling method thereof |
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| CN111220408B true CN111220408B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| CN101551303A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A sediment sampler driven by hydrostatic pressure |
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