CN111220183A - Rapid and accurate polarization alignment device and method - Google Patents
Rapid and accurate polarization alignment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid and accurate polarization alignment device and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a light source, a coupling table and an extinction ratio tester: the output end of the light source is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide; the coupling table is provided with a coupling part, a first output end or a second output end of the Y waveguide is fixed at a first end of the coupling part, and a second end of the coupling part is provided with a scale value; when the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the second end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring; when the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the first end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring. By the scheme, polarization alignment of the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring can be realized efficiently and accurately without expensive equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic devices, in particular to a rapid and accurate polarization alignment device and method.
Background
The fiber optic gyroscope is an inertial navigation fiber optic sensor based on the Sagnac effect, the application field of the fiber optic gyroscope is continuously expanded, the technology is continuously mature and advanced, and the reliability of products is gradually improved. Currently, the fiber optic gyroscope is mainly developed towards high precision and high reliability.
Referring to fig. 1, a fiber optic ring in a fiber optic gyroscope system includes a Y waveguide 101 and a fiber optic ring 102, and the Y waveguide 101 needs to be fusion spliced with the fiber optic ring 102. At present, the connection is mainly carried out by adopting a mode of fusion welding of a polarization maintaining optical fiber fusion splicer. The sensitive ring module made by welding the output end of the Y waveguide device and the optical fiber ring by the polarization-maintaining optical fiber welding machine can introduce welding loss to reduce the performance of the optical fiber gyroscope system in the welding process; in the fusion process, the optical fiber is processed to cause the crushing of the optical fiber, so that the tensile force of the optical fiber is reduced after fusion, and the reliability risk of the optical fiber gyroscope is caused; the polarization maintaining fusion splicer adopts an optical fiber side imaging method, fusion splicing is carried out by finding out the geometric axis of the optical fiber, but the geometric axis of the optical fiber and the optical polarization axis of the optical fiber always have deviation, and the polarization maintaining performance of the optical fiber is reduced after fusion splicing; after the optical fibers are welded, protective glue needs to be coated at the melting point, so that the stress of the protective glue is not matched with the stress of the original coating layer of the optical fibers, and the phenomenon of axial deflection of optical polarization is caused; and a portion of the fiber is consumed during fusion splicing, affecting the symmetry of the fiber loop. These problems restrict the development of fiber optic gyroscopes to high precision and reliability.
In order to solve the above problems and further improve the performance of the fiber optic gyroscope system, a mode of directly coupling the optical fibers at two ends of the optical fiber ring with the Y waveguide is generally adopted. Specific references may be made to: chinese patent application No. 201410602250.2, entitled: a polarization maintaining optical fiber ring and a Y waveguide are directly coupled with a polarization axis alignment online detection device and an online measurement method thereof. Although the optical fiber alignment mode of the sensitive ring module is high in efficiency, the sensitive ring module is coupled by determining the geometric axial direction of the optical fiber, and the geometric polarization axial direction of an optical fiber stress area and the optical polarization axial direction of the optical fiber possibly deviate, so that the axial accuracy is influenced; in another mode, the polarization crosstalk of the coupling point is directly tested through an OCDP (white light interferometer) to judge whether the polarization axis of the chip is aligned with the polarization axis of the optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low polarization alignment efficiency, accuracy and high cost in the coupling process of a Y waveguide and an optical fiber ring in the optical fiber gyroscope in the prior art, and further provides a rapid and accurate polarization alignment device and method.
Therefore, the invention provides a rapid and accurate polarization alignment device for realizing polarization alignment of a Y waveguide and an optical fiber ring, which comprises a light source, a coupling table and an extinction ratio tester:
the output end of the light source is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide; a coupling part is arranged on the coupling table, a first output end or a second output end of the Y waveguide is fixed at a first end of the coupling part, and a scale value is arranged at a second end of the coupling part;
when the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the second end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring; when the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the first end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring.
Optionally, in the above fast and accurate polarization alignment apparatus, a first pigtail head is disposed at a tip of the first end of the optical fiber ring, and a second pigtail head is disposed at a tip of the second end of the optical fiber ring; the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester through the first tail fiber head; and the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester through the second tail fiber head.
Optionally, in the above fast accurate polarization alignment apparatus, the light source comprises a low-polarization light source.
Optionally, in the above fast accurate polarization alignment apparatus, the light source further includes a coupler and a first optical power meter;
the output end of the low-bias light source is connected with the first end of the coupler, and the output end of the coupler is used as the output end of the light source and is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide;
the first optical power meter is connected with the second end of the coupler so as to measure the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization source;
the device further comprises a second optical power meter, when the first tail fiber head is connected to the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the second optical power meter is connected with the second tail fiber head so as to measure the power value of the light beam output by the second tail fiber head; when the second tail fiber head is connected to the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the second optical power meter is connected with the first tail fiber head so as to measure the power value of the light beam output by the first tail fiber head.
Optionally, in the above fast and accurate polarization alignment apparatus, two coupling portions are disposed on the coupling stage, and a positional relationship between the two coupling portions is adapted to a positional relationship between the first output end and the second output end of the Y waveguide.
The invention also provides a rapid and accurate polarization alignment method, which is realized by the rapid and accurate polarization alignment device of any scheme, and comprises the following steps:
connecting an input end of a Y waveguide with an output end of a light source in the device;
connecting a first output end of the Y waveguide with a first end of a coupling part on a coupling table; connecting a first end of an optical fiber ring with a second end of the coupling part, wherein the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with an input end of an extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the output light beam at the second end of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a first optimal alignment angle for butting the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring;
connecting a second output end of the Y waveguide with a first end of the coupling portion on the coupling stage; the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, and the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the input end of the extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the first end output light beam of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a second optimal alignment angle of the butt joint of the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring;
the first output end of the Y waveguide is coupled with the first end of the optical fiber ring after being butted at the first optimal angle; and the second output end of the Y waveguide is butt-jointed and then coupled with the second end of the optical fiber ring at the second optimal angle.
Optionally, the above-mentioned fast and accurate polarization alignment method determines the first optimal angle by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a first time and a second time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a first scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the first moment, and obtaining a second scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the second moment; taking the average value of the first scale value and the second scale value as the first optimal angle;
determining the second optimum angle by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a third time and a fourth time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a third scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the third moment, and obtaining a fourth scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the fourth moment; and taking the average value of the third scale value and the fourth scale value as the second optimal angle.
Optionally, the method for fast and accurate polarization alignment further includes:
connecting the output end of a coupler in a light source with the input end of the Y waveguide;
connecting a second optical power meter to a second end of the fiber optic ring; determining a first optimal coupling position between a first end of an optical fiber ring and a first output end of the Y waveguide according to an optical power value of a light beam emitted by a low-polarization light source with first optical power measurement in a light source and an optical power value of a light beam output by a second end of the optical fiber ring with second optical power measurement;
connecting a second optical power meter to the first end of the fiber optic ring; and determining a second optimal coupling position between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the second output end of the Y waveguide according to the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization light source with the first optical power measurement in the light source and the optical power value of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring with the second optical power measurement.
Optionally, in the above method for fast and accurate polarization alignment, the first optimal coupling position and the second optimal coupling position satisfy:
the difference between the optical power value of the optical beam output by the first end of the optical fiber loop and the optical power value of the optical beam output by the second end of the optical fiber loop is within an allowable range.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the device and the method for quickly and accurately aligning polarization can take the other end of the optical fiber ring as output when the Y waveguide is connected with one end of the optical fiber ring, and can judge whether the polarization alignment is realized between the Y waveguide and one end of the optical fiber ring or not by measuring the extinction ratio of the output light beam. Therefore, the polarization alignment of the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring can be realized with high efficiency and high accuracy without expensive equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the coupling relationship between a Y waveguide and a fiber ring in a fiber optic gyroscope;
FIGS. 2a and 2b are schematic structural diagrams of a fast accurate polarization alignment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fast accurate polarization alignment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a corresponding relationship between the measurement result of the extinction ratio tester and the optimal angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or assembly referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The technical schemes in the following embodiments provided by the invention can be combined with each other unless contradictory to each other, and technical features in different schemes can be replaced with each other.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a fast and accurate polarization alignment apparatus for achieving polarization alignment of Y waveguide 203 with fiber ring 204, as shown in fig. 2a and 2b, comprising light source 201, coupling stage (not shown) and extinction ratio tester 202. The output end of the light source 201 is connected with the input end 1 of the Y waveguide 203; the coupling bench is provided with a coupling part, a first output end or a second output end of the Y waveguide is fixed at a first end of the coupling part, a scale value is arranged at a second end of the coupling part, the second end of the coupling part can be provided with a circular edge, a plurality of scale values are arranged on the circular edge, and the scale values can be marked to 360 degrees from zero. When the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring is connected to the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester 202 is connected to the second end 3 of the optical fiber ring, so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring; when the second end 3 of the optical fiber ring 204 is connected to the second end of the coupling portion, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected to the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring, so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output from the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end 3 of the optical fiber ring.
According to the scheme, when the Y waveguide 203 is connected with one end of the optical fiber ring 204, the other end of the optical fiber ring 204 is used as output, and whether polarization alignment is realized between the Y waveguide 203 and one end of the optical fiber ring 204 can be judged by measuring the extinction ratio of output light beams. Polarization alignment of the Y waveguide 203 and the fiber ring 204 can be achieved with high efficiency and accuracy, and without expensive equipment.
In the above scheme, the end of the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring is provided with a first tail fiber head, and the end of the second end 3 of the optical fiber ring is provided with a second tail fiber head; the first end 2 of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester 202 through the first tail fiber head; the second end 3 of the optical fiber loop is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester 202 through the second pigtail head. The tail fiber head can be manufactured in a shaft fixing and grinding mode.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the light source includes a low polarization source 205, further includes a coupler 206 and a first optical power meter 207; the output end of the low polarization light source 205 is connected with the first end of the coupler 206, and the output end of the coupler 206 is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide 203 as the output end of the light source; the first optical power meter 207 is connected to the second end of the coupler 206 to measure the optical power value of the light beam emitted from the low-polarization source 205; the apparatus further comprises a second optical power meter 208, when the first pigtail head is connected to the second end of the coupling portion, an input end of the second optical power meter 208 is connected to the second pigtail head, so as to measure a power value of the light beam output by the second pigtail head; when the second pigtail head is connected to the second end of the coupling portion, the input end of the second optical power meter 208 is connected to the first pigtail head, so as to measure the power value of the light beam output by the first pigtail head. Accordingly, the connection relationship shown in fig. 3 can be adjusted with reference to the relationship between fig. 2a and fig. 2b to measure the power value at the other end of the fiber optic loop.
In the above scheme, active alignment is performed through the low-polarization light source 205, and optical fiber alignment is performed after light beams output by the low-polarization light source are directly coupled into the optical fiber ring through the Y waveguide 203 (a high-polarization chip can polarize the light beams output by the low-polarization light source), so that the improvement of the axial accuracy of optical polarization is facilitated, the equipment better conforms to an optical fiber gyroscope system, and the alignment efficiency is high.
In the above aspect, the two coupling portions on the coupling stage may be provided, so that the positional relationship between the two coupling portions is adapted to the positional relationship between the first output end and the second output end of the Y waveguide. Therefore, when the Y waveguide is arranged on the coupling table, the two output ends of the Y waveguide can be respectively connected with the two coupling parts, the structure of the device is further simplified, and the operation is convenient.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for fast and accurate polarization alignment, which is implemented by the device for fast and accurate polarization alignment according to any one of the schemes in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: connecting an input end of a Y waveguide with an output end of a light source in the device;
step two: referring to fig. 2a, a first output end of the Y waveguide is connected with a first end of a coupling part on a coupling stage; connecting a first end of an optical fiber ring with a second end of the coupling part, wherein the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with an input end of an extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the output light beam at the second end of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a first optimal alignment angle for butting the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring;
step three: referring to fig. 2b, connecting a second output end of the Y waveguide with a first end of the coupling part on the coupling stage; the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, and the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the input end of the extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the first end output light beam of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a second optimal alignment angle of the butt joint of the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring;
step four: the first output end of the Y waveguide is coupled with the first end of the optical fiber ring after being butted at the first optimal angle; and the second output end of the Y waveguide is butt-jointed and then coupled with the second end of the optical fiber ring at the second optimal angle.
In the above scheme, when the Y waveguide is connected to one end of the optical fiber ring, the other end of the optical fiber ring is used as an output, and whether polarization alignment between the Y waveguide and one end of the optical fiber ring is realized can be determined by measuring the extinction ratio of the output light beam. Therefore, the polarization alignment of the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring can be realized with high efficiency and high accuracy without expensive equipment.
Further, the first optimum angle is determined by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a first time and a second time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a first scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the first moment, and obtaining a second scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the second moment; taking the average value of the first scale value and the second scale value as the first optimal angle; determining the second optimum angle by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a third time and a fourth time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a third scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the third moment, and obtaining a fourth scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the fourth moment; and taking the average value of the third scale value and the fourth scale value as the second optimal angle.
Referring to fig. 4, after connecting one end of the optical fiber ring with the coupling portion, first adjusting the polarization axis at one end of the optical fiber ring, the extinction ratio of the light beam output from the other end of the optical fiber ring is a fixed value within a certain scale value range due to the depolarization of the optical fiber ring, adjusting the scale value of the butt joint angle between one end of the optical fiber ring and the second end of the coupling portion in a rotating manner, and two corresponding scale values when the extinction ratio changes are respectively: if theta 'and theta ", then theta is (theta' + theta")/2, which is the optimal angle, and theta is recorded; through the method, the optimal angles of the two ends of the optical fiber are found out, and the coupling operation is executed, and it can be understood that the specific coupling operation method can refer to the prior art schemes, such as the specific operation steps of dispensing exposure, and the like.
In addition, the scheme can also comprise the following steps:
step A: the output of the coupler in the light source is connected to the input of the Y waveguide.
And B: referring to fig. 3, a second optical power meter is connected to the second end of the fiber optic ring; and determining a first optimal coupling position between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the first output end of the Y waveguide according to the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization light source with the first optical power measurement in the light source and the optical power value of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring with the second optical power measurement.
And C: connecting a second optical power meter to the first end of the fiber optic ring; and determining a second optimal coupling position between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the second output end of the Y waveguide according to the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization light source with the first optical power measurement in the light source and the optical power value of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring with the second optical power measurement.
Taking the step B as an example, the fiber core at the first end of the optical fiber ring needs to be aligned with the center of the first output end of the Y waveguide, at this time, the loss generated when the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring are coupled together can be obtained according to the power value of the output light beam of the low-bias light source measured by the first optical power meter and the optical power value of the output light beam at the second end of the optical fiber ring, and the fiber core at the first end of the optical fiber ring and the center of the first output end of the Y waveguide at this time can be regarded as the optimal coupling position according to the position with the minimum loss value, that is, the fiber core. Accordingly, alignment of the second end of the fiber loop with the second output end of the Y waveguide may also be achieved with reference to the above scheme. The above steps may be implemented prior to polarization alignment.
Preferably, in the above scheme, the first optimal coupling position and the second optimal coupling position satisfy: the difference between the optical power value of the optical beam output by the first end of the optical fiber loop and the optical power value of the optical beam output by the second end of the optical fiber loop is within an allowable range. Theoretically, after the two output ends of the Y waveguide are coupled to the two ends of the optical fiber loop, the optical transmission parameters at the two coupling points should be consistent, that is, it is best to have the same optical power loss, and even if it cannot be completely equal, it is desirable that the optical power loss difference between the two coupling points is within an allowable range, for example, the difference is within 5 db.
The optical parameters of the sensitive ring module obtained by coupling the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring by adopting the method are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 sensitive Ring Module test data
| Optical fiber loop crosstalk | -23dB |
| 2-end tail fiber polarization crosstalk | -22.5dB |
| 3-end tail fiber polarization crosstalk | -23.1dB |
The sensitive ring module obtained by coupling the Y waveguide and the optical fiber ring by adopting the method tests parameters such as polarization crosstalk, splitting ratio, insertion loss and the like of the tail fiber at the output end of the Y waveguide after the output end of the Y waveguide is cut off. The test parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2Y-waveguide test data after sensitive Ring Module truncation
| Loss of power | 2.5dB |
| Splitting ratio | 49.7/50.3 |
| 2-end tail fiber polarization crosstalk | -38.6dB |
| 3-end tail fiber polarization crosstalk | -32.9dB |
The test data shown in tables 1 and 2 show that the polarization alignment results obtained by coupling the Y waveguide and the fiber ring by the above method have high accuracy.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rapid and accurate polarization alignment device is used for realizing polarization alignment of a Y waveguide and an optical fiber ring, and is characterized by comprising a light source, a coupling table and an extinction ratio tester:
the output end of the light source is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide; a coupling part is arranged on the coupling table, a first output end or a second output end of the Y waveguide is fixed at a first end of the coupling part, and a scale value is arranged at a second end of the coupling part;
when the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the second end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring; when the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the extinction ratio tester is connected with the first end of the optical fiber ring so as to measure the relationship between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring.
2. The fast accurate polarization alignment device of claim 1, wherein:
the end of the first end of the optical fiber ring is provided with a first tail fiber head, and the end of the second end of the optical fiber ring is provided with a second tail fiber head; the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester through the first tail fiber head; and the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part or the input end of the extinction ratio tester through the second tail fiber head.
3. The fast accurate polarization alignment device of claim 1, wherein:
the light source comprises a low-bias light source.
4. The fast accurate polarization alignment device of claim 3, wherein: the light source further comprises a coupler and a first optical power meter;
the output end of the low-bias light source is connected with the first end of the coupler, and the output end of the coupler is used as the output end of the light source and is connected with the input end of the Y waveguide;
the first optical power meter is connected with the second end of the coupler so as to measure the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization source;
the device further comprises a second optical power meter, when the first tail fiber head is connected to the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the second optical power meter is connected with the second tail fiber head so as to measure the power value of the light beam output by the second tail fiber head; when the second tail fiber head is connected to the second end of the coupling part, the input end of the second optical power meter is connected with the first tail fiber head so as to measure the power value of the light beam output by the first tail fiber head.
5. The fast accurate polarization alignment device of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
the coupling table is provided with two coupling parts, and the position relation between the two coupling parts is matched with the position relation between the first output end and the second output end of the Y waveguide.
6. A fast accurate polarization alignment method realized by the fast accurate polarization alignment device of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
connecting an input end of a Y waveguide with an output end of a light source in the device;
connecting a first output end of the Y waveguide with a first end of a coupling part on a coupling table; connecting a first end of an optical fiber ring with a second end of the coupling part, wherein the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with an input end of an extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the output light beam at the second end of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a first optimal alignment angle for butting the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the second end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring;
connecting a second output end of the Y waveguide with a first end of the coupling portion on the coupling stage; the second end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the second end of the coupling part, and the first end of the optical fiber ring is connected with the input end of the extinction ratio tester; adjusting an alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, recording a scale value on the second end of the coupling part corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring in real time, and simultaneously recording the extinction ratio of the first end output light beam of the optical fiber ring measured by the extinction ratio tester; determining a second optimal alignment angle of the butt joint of the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part according to the relation between the extinction ratio of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring and the scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring;
the first output end of the Y waveguide is coupled with the first end of the optical fiber ring after being butted at the first optimal angle; and the second output end of the Y waveguide is butt-jointed and then coupled with the second end of the optical fiber ring at the second optimal angle.
7. The fast accurate polarization alignment method of claim 6, wherein:
determining the first optimum angle by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the first end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a first time and a second time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a first scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the first moment, and obtaining a second scale value corresponding to the first end of the optical fiber ring at the second moment; taking the average value of the first scale value and the second scale value as the first optimal angle;
determining the second optimum angle by: in the process of adjusting the alignment angle between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the coupling part, obtaining a third time and a fourth time when the extinction ratio measured by the extinction ratio tester changes; obtaining a third scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the third moment, and obtaining a fourth scale value corresponding to the second end of the optical fiber ring at the fourth moment; and taking the average value of the third scale value and the fourth scale value as the second optimal angle.
8. The method for fast accurate polarization alignment according to claim 7, further comprising:
connecting the output end of a coupler in a light source with the input end of the Y waveguide;
connecting a second optical power meter to a second end of the fiber optic ring; determining a first optimal coupling position between a first end of an optical fiber ring and a first output end of the Y waveguide according to an optical power value of a light beam emitted by a low-polarization light source with first optical power measurement in a light source and an optical power value of a light beam output by a second end of the optical fiber ring with second optical power measurement;
connecting a second optical power meter to the first end of the fiber optic ring; and determining a second optimal coupling position between the second end of the optical fiber ring and the second output end of the Y waveguide according to the optical power value of the light beam emitted by the low-polarization light source with the first optical power measurement in the light source and the optical power value of the light beam output by the first end of the optical fiber ring with the second optical power measurement.
9. The fast accurate polarization alignment method according to claim 8, wherein the first optimal coupling position and the second optimal coupling position satisfy:
the difference between the optical power value of the optical beam output by the first end of the optical fiber loop and the optical power value of the optical beam output by the second end of the optical fiber loop is within an allowable range.
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