CN111220107A

CN111220107A - Automatic detection device, system and detection method for automobile parts

Info

Publication number: CN111220107A
Application number: CN202010124426.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何达新; 刘会霞; 王霄; 孙超
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Sanmenxia Zhongyuan Precision Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-27
Filing date: 2020-02-27
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-27
Also published as: CN111220107B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic detection device, a system and a detection method for automobile parts, belonging to the field of automatic detection of automobile parts and comprising a part to be detected, a detection structure and an electric control end; the detection structure comprises a platform, and a positioning assembly, a clamping mechanism and a detection assembly which are arranged on the platform; the piece to be detected is placed on the detection structure; the to-be-detected part comprises N to-be-detected ends, the to-be-detected ends are provided with openings for the detection arms to enter, and two side wall surfaces of the openings are provided with a group of mutually symmetrical through holes to be detected; the positioning assembly is used for positioning a piece to be detected, the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the piece to be detected, and the detection assembly is used for detecting the end to be detected of the piece to be detected. The detection device is high in detection efficiency and accurate in detection result, can automatically acquire error values of parts and standard parts, and only needs to manually place and take the parts without manually carrying out manual measurement.

Description

Automatic detection device, system and detection method for automobile parts

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automatic detection of automobile parts, in particular to an automatic detection device for detecting a rocker arm of a front auxiliary frame of an automobile.

Background

In the process of automobile part production and automobile assembly, the automobile parts need to be measured so as to achieve accurate assembly precision. After the part is produced, the part needs to be detected by a detection device, and for this reason, the part needs to be accurately and stably mounted on the detection device (for example, a detection tool), and then the quality state of the part is judged by the detection device, for example, the error condition between the part and a standard part is judged. The detection device can improve the production efficiency and the control quality of parts, and the working efficiency of the detection device is required to be improved while the detection accuracy is ensured.

In the prior art, the detection of the automobile parts is usually performed by visual inspection, manual detection or a measuring meter, or by using a caliper to inspect the end faces and the periphery of the parts, and visual inspection is performed on holes with different properties on the parts and connection positions between the parts by means of an inspection pin or visual inspection, so that the quality states of the parts can be judged and grasped in the processes of trial production and starting production. For some important functional dimensions on the part, the checking fixture can also be used for numerical detection. The detection mode needs workers to participate in the detection mode, the efficiency is low, the labor cost and the time cost are greatly increased, and meanwhile, certain errors exist in the detection result.

At present, with the rapid development of technologies, some enterprises develop detection devices or detection tools for specific parts, which can be attached to the specific parts for detection; however, the detection device is a simple mechanical structure, cannot realize automation, and still needs to manually detect and record by means of the detection device to acquire the required data.

For example, chinese patent publication No. CN209326546U discloses a special inspection tool for part inspection, which includes a frame, a through hole is provided on a side surface of the frame, a first bearing is embedded and connected to a top and a bottom of the through hole, an axis of the first bearing is fixedly connected with a first screw, a first speed reducer is fixedly connected to a top of one side of the frame, an output shaft of the first speed reducer is fixedly connected to a top end of the first screw, a threaded sleeve is connected to a surface of the first screw, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to a surface of the threaded sleeve, a second speed reducer is fixedly connected to a bottom of the lifting plate, and a fixing seat is fixedly connected to a top of the lifting plate. This patent detects the part through specific mechanical structure, and its data acquisition, analysis all need measure through the manual work, can't realize automated inspection.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems in the prior art, it is important to provide an automatic detection apparatus and a system thereof that have high efficiency and accurate detection result and can automatically obtain the error value between the part and the standard part.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to avoid the defects in the prior art, and provides the automatic detection device and the system thereof, which have high detection efficiency and accurate detection result, can automatically obtain the error value of the parts and the standard parts, and only need to manually place and take the parts.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an automatic detection device, which comprises a piece to be detected, a detection structure and an electric control end, wherein the detection structure comprises a detection structure body and a detection structure body; the detection structure comprises a platform, and a positioning assembly, a clamping mechanism and a detection assembly which are arranged on the platform;

the piece to be detected is placed on the detection structure;

the to-be-detected part comprises N to-be-detected ends, the to-be-detected ends are provided with openings for the detection arms to enter, and two side wall surfaces of the openings are provided with a group of mutually symmetrical through holes to be detected; wherein N is more than or equal to 1;

the to-be-detected piece comprises a first positioning end and a second positioning end, and the first positioning end and the second positioning end are both provided with positioning holes for the positioning assembly to pass through so that the to-be-detected piece is fixed on the positioning assembly through the positioning holes;

the positioning assembly comprises a first positioning member and a second positioning member; when the piece to be detected is placed on the positioning assembly, the positioning hole of the piece to be detected is respectively placed corresponding to the first positioning component and the second positioning component, so that the first positioning end of the piece to be detected is fixed on the first positioning component, and the second positioning end of the piece to be detected is fixed on the second positioning component;

the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the piece to be tested;

the detection assembly comprises N detection members; the N detection components are arranged corresponding to the N to-be-detected ends of the to-be-detected piece; wherein N is more than or equal to 1;

the detection component comprises a conveying platform and a detection module; the conveying platform is provided with a conveying guide rail and a driving device, the detection module is connected with the conveying guide rail and the driving device, and the driving device drives the detection module to reciprocate along the conveying guide rail so as to enable the detection arm of the detection module to enter or leave the end to be detected;

the detection module comprises a detection arm, a three-dimensional guide rail assembly, a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly and a cylinder;

the cylinders comprise a first cylinder and a second cylinder; the detection arm is connected with the first cylinder, and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly is connected with the second cylinder;

two side wall surfaces of the detection arm are respectively provided with a detection pin, and the two detection pins are symmetrically distributed;

the three-dimensional guide rail assembly is connected with the detection arm, and the detection arm is connected with the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly through a connecting member; when the detection arm reciprocates along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly, the detection arm drives the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly to move in the same direction through the connecting component;

the detection arm moves along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly to enable the detection pin to enter the through hole to be detected, the wall surface of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface where the through hole to be detected is located or the detection pin moves in the through hole to be detected, and therefore the distance between the two wall surfaces of the end to be detected and the size of the through hole to be detected are obtained;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly is connected with a second cylinder, and when the detection arm is contacted with the end to be detected, the second cylinder drives the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly to perform telescopic motion to generate a telescopic distance;

and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly sends the telescopic distance to the electric control end.

In certain embodiments, the first locating member comprises a primary locating pin and a primary locating stage; the main positioning table is a table top formed by extending outwards along the peripheral side wall surface of the main positioning pin; at least three first positioning salient points are distributed on the main positioning table, and the three first positioning salient points form a triangle; the upper end surfaces of the three first positioning salient points are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the three first positioning salient points are used for supporting the bottom surface of the first positioning end;

a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the main positioning pin, and a compression ball body is embedded on the round holes;

a tapered connecting rod is arranged in the main positioning pin and is connected with the push rod cylinder, so that the tapered connecting rod is pushed by the push rod cylinder to move axially; when the conical connecting rod moves axially, the pressing ball body is extruded by the conical surface of the conical connecting rod, so that the pressing ball body moves outwards along the round hole and presses the first positioning end;

the second positioning member comprises a secondary positioning pin and a secondary positioning table; the secondary positioning table is a table top formed by extending outwards along the peripheral side wall surface of the secondary positioning pin; a second positioning salient point is distributed on the secondary positioning table and used for supporting the bottom surface of the second positioning end;

a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the secondary positioning pin, and a compression ball body is embedded on each round hole; a tapered connecting rod is arranged in the secondary positioning pin and is connected with the push rod cylinder, so that the tapered connecting rod moves axially after being pushed by the push rod cylinder; when the conical connecting rod moves axially, the pressing ball body is extruded by the conical surface of the conical connecting rod, so that the pressing ball body moves outwards along the round hole to press the second positioning end.

Preferably, the first positioning salient point and the second positioning salient point are hemispheroids.

In certain embodiments, the clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping member and a second clamping member; the first clamping member comprises a driving cylinder and a first clamping arm assembly which are connected with each other; the second clamping member comprises a driving cylinder and a second clamping arm assembly which are connected with each other;

the first clamping arm assembly comprises three clamping arms, when the first clamping assembly is driven by the driving cylinder, the clamping arms are buckled on the clamping holes at the first positioning end, and the tail ends of the three clamping arms are respectively and correspondingly connected with the three positioning salient points;

the second clamping assembly comprises a clamping arm, when the second clamping assembly is driven by the driving cylinder, the clamping arm is buckled on the clamping hole at the second positioning end, and the tail end of the clamping arm is correspondingly connected with the positioning salient point.

In certain embodiments, the three-dimensional rail assembly comprises an X-rail, a Y-rail, and a Z-rail;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly comprises an X-direction telescopic displacement sensor, a Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor; an X-direction stop block, a Y-direction stop block and a Z-direction stop block which respectively correspond to the tail ends of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor, the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor are arranged on the inner wall surface of the detection module;

when the detection arm enters the end to be detected, the detection arm is driven by the first air cylinder to move along the X-direction guide rail, so that the detection pin of the detection arm penetrates through the through hole to be detected of the end to be detected, and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor moves along the same direction of the detection arm; if the wall surface of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface of the through hole to be detected, the detection arm and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor stop moving, and the distance between the tail end of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the X-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Xd; the electric control end controls the second air cylinder to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend to the X-direction stop block, the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor obtains a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the electric control end, and the electric control end controls the second air cylinder to reset the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor after receiving data;

after a detection pin of the detection arm enters the through hole to be detected, the detection arm is driven by a first air cylinder to move along a Y-direction guide rail and a Z-direction guide rail so that the wall surface of the detection pin forms point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected when the detection pin moves in the through hole to be detected; the detection arm drives the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor to move in the same direction; when the wall surface of the detection pin is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected, the detection arm, the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor stop moving, the distance between the tail end of the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Y-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Yd, and the distance between the tail end of the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Zd; the electric control end controls the second air cylinder to respectively drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend to the Y-direction stop block and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend to the Z-direction stop block, the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor obtains a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the electric control end, the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor obtains a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the electric control end, and the electric control end marks the coordinate of the contact point as (Yd, Zd); and after the electric control end receives data, the second air cylinder is controlled to reset the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor.

In some embodiments, the electric control end comprises a control chip, a storage unit, a switch unit and a data processing unit; the control chip is respectively connected with the storage unit and the switch unit; the data processing unit is connected with the storage unit;

the control chip is respectively connected with a driving device of the detection component, the first cylinder, the second cylinder and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly;

the control chip receives a starting instruction from the switch unit and starts the driving device so that the driving device drives the detection arm of the detection module to enter the end to be detected of the piece to be detected;

when the detection arm enters the end to be detected, the control chip controls the first air cylinder to drive the detection arm to move along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly, so that the detection pin of the detection arm enters the through hole to be detected, moves in the through hole to be detected and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected;

when the detection arm is in contact with the end to be detected, the first cylinder stops moving, generates a feedback signal and sends the feedback signal to a control chip;

the control chip controls the second cylinder to drive the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly to move according to the feedback signal;

the three-dimensional telescopic sensor assembly acquires telescopic distance data and sends the telescopic distance data to the control chip;

the control chip marks the telescopic distance data as detection data and sends the detection data to the storage unit for storage;

the data processing unit acquires the detection data stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

Preferably, the number of the pieces to be detected is two, namely a first piece to be detected and a second piece to be detected; the piece to be tested is provided with three ends to be tested.

Specifically, the first to-be-tested part is a standard part, namely a part with a structure most meeting the requirements; the second piece to be detected is a production piece; the error value of the standard part and the error value of the production part are obtained through the automatic detection device, so that the production part is improved and is infinitely close to the standard part.

The invention also provides an automatic detection system, which comprises the automatic detection device, a first film pressure sensor and a second film pressure sensor;

the first film pressure sensor is coated on the wall surface of the detection arm; the second film pressure sensor is coated on the detection pin;

the electric control end comprises a control chip, a storage unit, a switch unit and a data processing unit; the control chip is respectively connected with the storage unit and the switch unit; the data processing unit is connected with the storage unit;

the control chip is respectively connected with a driving device of the detection component, a first film pressure sensor, a second film pressure sensor, a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly;

the storage unit is pre-stored with an X-direction pressure trigger threshold and a Y-Z-direction pressure trigger threshold;

the detection arm enters the end to be detected, the control chip controls the first air cylinder to drive the detection arm to move along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly, so that the detection pin of the detection arm enters the through hole to be detected, moves in the through hole to be detected and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected;

when the detection pin enters the through hole to be detected and the wall surface of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface of the through hole to be detected, the first air cylinder stops driving, the film pressure sensor is extruded by the wall surface of the end to be detected, and the first film pressure sensor sends a first sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires an X-direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the X-direction pressure trigger threshold value with a first sensing pressure value; if the first sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the X-direction pressure triggering threshold value, the control chip controls a second air cylinder to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to move; the X-direction telescopic sensor collects a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the control chip;

when the detection pin of the detection arm enters the through hole to be detected, moves in the through hole to be detected and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected, the second film pressure sensor sends a second sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires a Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value with a second sensing pressure value; if the second sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value, the control chip controls the second air cylinder to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor to move; the Y-direction telescopic sensor acquires a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the control chip; the Z-direction telescopic sensor acquires a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the control chip; the control chip marks the coordinates of the point as (Yd, Zd);

the control chip sends the detection data Xd, (Yd, Zd) to a storage unit for storage;

the data processing unit acquires the detection data of the to-be-detected piece stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

The invention also provides a detection method applied to the automatic detection device or the automatic detection system, which comprises two pieces to be detected, namely a first piece to be detected and a second piece to be detected; the method comprises the following steps:

s1, placing a first piece to be detected on a detection structure;

s2, driving a detection module to move along a conveying guide rail by a driving device, so that a detection arm of the detection module enters a to-be-detected end of a first to-be-detected piece;

s3, the first air cylinder drives the detection arm to move left and right along the X-direction guide rail so that the detection pin enters the through hole to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface where the left side through hole/right side through hole to be detected is located; the first cylinder stops driving;

s4, the control chip controls the second cylinder to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend to obtain the telescopic distance

Xd_{1 left side}/Xd_{1 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{1 left side}And Xd_{1 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s5, the first air cylinder drives the detection arm to move along the Y-direction guide rail and the Z-direction guide rail so as to enable the detection pin to move in the through hole to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin, each point of the detection pin is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole to be detected;

when point contact is formed, the first cylinder stops driving;

s6, the control chip controls the second air cylinder to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend, and coordinate values (Yd) of the contact point i are obtained_1i，Zd_1i) (ii) a And coordinate value (Yd) of the contact point i_1i，Zd_1i) Sending the data to a control chip;

s7, repeatedly executing the steps S5 and S6 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin and the inner wall of the through hole to be detected are collected, and Xd_{1 left side}、Xd_{1 right side}Coordinate value (Yd) of each contact point i_1i，Zd_1i) The detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the first to-be-detected piece; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is the number of contact points of the detection pin and the inner wall of the through hole to be detected, and M is more than or equal to 1;

s8, placing a second piece to be detected on the detection structure;

s9, driving the detection module to move along the conveying guide rail by the driving device, so that the detection arm of the detection module enters the end to be detected of the second piece to be detected;

s10, the first air cylinder drives the detection arm to move left and right along the X-direction guide rail so that the detection pin enters the through hole to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface where the left side through hole/right side through hole to be detected is located; the first cylinder stops driving;

s11, the control chip controls the second cylinder to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend, and telescopic distance Xd is obtained_{2 left side}/Xd_{2 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{2 left side}And Xd_{2 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s12, driving a detection arm to move along a Y-direction guide rail and a Z-direction guide rail by a first air cylinder so as to enable a detection pin to move in the through hole to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin, each point of the detection pin is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole to be detected; when point contact is formed, the first cylinder stops driving;

s13, the control chip controls the second air cylinder to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor to extend, and coordinate values (Yd) of the contact point i are obtained_2i，Zd_2i) (ii) a And coordinate value (Yd) of the contact point i_2i，Zd_2i) Sending the data to a control chip;

s14, repeatedly executing the steps S12 and S13 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin and the inner wall of the through hole to be detected are collected, and Xd_{2 left side}、Xd_{2 right side}Coordinate value (Yd) of each contact point i_2i，Zd_2i) The detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the second piece to be detected; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is the number of contact points of the detection pin and the inner wall of the through hole to be detected, and M is more than or equal to 1;

s15, the data processing unit acquires detection data of the first piece to be detected and detection data of the second piece to be detected, and performs data processing to acquire an error value of the first piece to be detected and the second piece to be detected; the treatment method comprises the following steps:

s15-1, obtaining the error value of the diameter of the port to be measured of the first piece to be measured and the second piece to be measured

d＝|Xd_{2 left side}-Xd_{1 left side}|+|Xd_{2 right side}-Xd_{1 right side}|；

S15-2, obtaining error values of through holes to be detected of the first piece to be detected and the second piece to be detected

Wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

and S15-3, obtaining an error value D of the through holes to be detected of the first piece to be detected and the second piece to be detected, wherein the error value D is Max { Di }, namely the error value with the maximum error value in the error values of the corresponding contact points of the two pieces to be detected is used as the error value of the through holes to be detected of the two pieces to be detected.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides an automatic detection device, an automatic detection system and a detection method, wherein the automatic detection device is provided with a detection structure, and the detection structure comprises a platform, and a positioning assembly, a clamping mechanism and a detection assembly which are arranged on the platform; the positioning assembly is used for positioning the piece to be detected by placing the piece to be detected on the detection structure, so that the piece to be detected with the two-hole structure on one surface can be stably fixed on the positioning assembly, and a stable foundation is provided for detection; the clamping mechanism is used for clamping the piece to be tested and further fastening the piece to be tested; the detection assembly is used for detecting the end to be detected of the piece to be detected, and the detection of the piece to be detected can be accurately finished by arranging the three-dimensional guide rail assembly and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly; the device is full-automatic, only needs the manual work to put the piece and gets the piece, and detection efficiency is high, the testing result is accurate, and can pass through automatic checkout system automatic acquisition part and standard component error value.

Drawings

FIGS. 1-2 are schematic structural views of an automatic detection device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first device under test in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a second device under test according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIGS. 6 to 7 are schematic structural views of a positioning assembly in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a main knock pin according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIGS. 9 to 10 are schematic structural views of a clamping mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a detecting member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIGS. 12 to 14 are schematic structural views of a detection module in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic connection diagram of an electric control end circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic connection diagram of an electric control end circuit according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic flow chart of a detection method in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1-a piece to be tested; 2-detecting the structure; 3-an electric control end; 1 a-a first test piece; 1 b-a second piece to be tested; 11-a first positioning end; 12-a second positioning end; 13-end to be measured; 11 a-a first locating hole; 12 a-a second locating hole; 131-an opening; 132-a through hole to be inspected; 21-a platform; 22-a positioning assembly; 23-a clamping mechanism; 24-a detection component; 221-a first positioning member; 2211-main locating pin; 2212-a primary positioning table; 2211 a-a first compression sphere; 2211 b-conical linkage; 2211 c-push rod cylinder; 2212 a-first positioning bump; 222-a second positioning member; 2221-secondary locating pin; 2222-secondary positioning stage; 2221 a-a second compression sphere; 2222 a-second positioning bump; 231-a first clamping member; 2311-a first drive cylinder; 2312-a first clamp arm assembly; 2312 a-a first clamp arm; 232-a second clamping member; 2321-a second drive cylinder; 2322-a second clamp arm assembly; 2322 a-second clamp arm; 241-a detection member; 2411-a transfer platform; 2411 a-a transfer rail; 2411 b-a driving device; 2412-a detection module; 2412 a-detecting arm; 2412 b-a three-dimensional rail assembly; 2412 c-a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor component; 2412 d-cylinder; 2412a-1 detecting the pin; 2412d-1 a first cylinder; 2412d-2 a second cylinder; 2412b-X X toward the guide rail; 2412b-Y.Y toward the guide rail; 2412b-Z.Z toward the guide rail; 2412c-X.X direction telescopic displacement sensor; 2412c-Y.Y to a telescopic displacement sensor; 2412c-Z.Z to a telescopic displacement sensor.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings will first be made in detail to further explain the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 15, one embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic detection device, which includes a to-be-detected component 1, a detection structure 2, and an electric control end 3; the detection structure 2 comprises a platform 21, and a positioning component 22, a clamping mechanism 23 and a detection component 24 which are arranged on the platform 21;

the piece to be detected 1 is placed on the detection structure 2;

in this embodiment, the number of the pieces to be tested 1 is two, and the two pieces to be tested are a first piece to be tested 1a and a second piece to be tested 1b respectively; wherein, the first piece to be tested 1a is a standard piece, and the second piece to be tested 1b is a workpiece produced actually; the present embodiment specifically illustrates how to detect the workpiece error value between the second workpiece to be detected 1b (actually produced workpiece) and the first workpiece to be detected 1a (standard workpiece) by using the automatic detection apparatus of the present embodiment;

the part to be detected 1 comprises three ends to be detected 13, the ends to be detected 13 are provided with openings 131 for the detection arms to enter, and two side wall surfaces of the openings 131 are provided with a group of mutually symmetrical through holes 132 to be detected; wherein N is more than or equal to 1;

the to-be-detected piece 1 comprises a first positioning end 11 and a second positioning end 12, and the first positioning end 11 and the second positioning end 12 are respectively provided with a first positioning hole 11a and a second positioning hole 12a for a positioning component to pass through, so that the to-be-detected piece 1 is fixed on the positioning component 22 through the first positioning hole 11a and the second positioning hole 12 a;

the positioning assembly 22 comprises a first positioning member 221 and a second positioning member 222; when the to-be-measured object 1 is placed on the positioning assembly 22, the first positioning hole 11a and the second positioning hole 12a of the to-be-measured object are respectively placed corresponding to the first positioning member 221 and the second positioning member 222, so that the first positioning end 11 of the to-be-measured object is fixed on the first positioning member 221, and the second positioning end 12 is fixed on the second positioning member 222;

the clamping mechanism 23 is used for clamping the piece to be tested 1;

the detection assembly 24 comprises three detection members 241; the three detection members 241 are arranged corresponding to the three ends to be detected 13 of the piece to be detected; wherein N is more than or equal to 1; it should be noted that the detecting elements 241 are used for detecting the error value of the terminal to be measured 13, so the number of the detecting elements 241 should be the same as the number of the terminal to be measured 13, and the two should be arranged correspondingly.

The detection means 241 comprises a transfer platform 2411 and a detection module 2412; the conveying platform 2411 is provided with a conveying guide rail 2411a and a driving device 2411b, the detection module 2412 is connected with the conveying guide rail 2411a and the driving device 2411b, and in this embodiment, the driving device 2411b is an air cylinder; the driving device 2411b drives the detection module 2412 to reciprocate along the transmission guide rail 2411a so as to enable the detection arm 2412a of the detection module 2412 to enter or leave the end to be detected 13;

the detection module comprises a detection arm 2412a, a three-dimensional guide rail assembly 2412b, a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c and an air cylinder 2412 d;

the cylinders 2412d include a first cylinder 2412d-1 and a second cylinder 2412 d-2; the detection arm 2412a is connected with a first cylinder 2412d-1, and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c is connected with a second cylinder 2412 d-2;

two side wall surfaces of the detection arm 2412a are respectively provided with a detection pin 2412a-1, and the two detection pins 2412a-1 are symmetrically distributed;

the three-dimensional guide rail assembly 2412b is connected with a detection arm 2412a, and the detection arm 2412a is connected with a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c through a connecting member (not shown); when the detecting arm 2412a is in use

When reciprocating along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly 2412b, the detection arm 2412a drives the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c to move in the same direction through the connecting component;

the detection arm 2412a moves along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly 2412c, so that the detection pin 2412a-1 enters the through hole 132 to be detected, the wall surface of the detection arm 2412a is attached to the wall surface where the through hole 132 to be detected is located, or the detection pin 2412a-1 moves in the through hole 132 to be detected, and therefore the distance between the two wall surfaces of the end 13 to be detected and the size of the through hole 132 to be detected are obtained;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c is connected with a second cylinder 2412d-2, and when the detection arm 2412a is contacted with the end 13 to be detected, the second cylinder 2412d-2 drives the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c to perform telescopic motion to generate a telescopic distance;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c sends the telescopic distance to the electric control end 3.

In this embodiment, the first positioning member 221 includes a main positioning pin 2211 and a main positioning table 2212; the main positioning table 2212 is a table surface formed by extending outwards along the peripheral side wall surface of the main positioning pin 2211; three first positioning salient points 2212a are distributed on the main positioning table 2212, and the three first positioning salient points 2212a form a triangle; the upper end surfaces of the three first positioning salient points 2212a are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the three first positioning salient points are used for supporting the bottom surface of the first positioning end 11;

a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the main positioning pin 2211, and a pressing ball 2211a is embedded in each round hole;

a conical connecting rod 2211b is arranged in the main positioning pin 2211, and the conical connecting rod 2211b is connected with the push rod cylinder 2211c, so that the conical connecting rod 2211b is pushed by the push rod cylinder 2211c to move axially; when the conical connecting rod 2211b moves axially, the pressing sphere 2211a is pressed by the conical surface of the conical connecting rod 2211b, so that the pressing sphere 2211a moves outwards along the circular hole to press the first positioning end 11; the second positioning member 222 includes a secondary positioning pin 2221 and a secondary positioning table 2222; the secondary positioning table 2222 is a table surface formed by extending outward along the peripheral side wall surface of the secondary positioning pin 2221; a second positioning salient point 2222a is distributed on the secondary positioning table 2222, and the second positioning salient point 2222a is used for supporting the bottom surface of the second positioning end 12; a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the secondary positioning pin 2221, and a pressing ball 2221a is embedded in each round hole; a tapered connecting rod (the principle is the same as that of the first positioning component, and therefore the tapered connecting rod is not shown in the drawing) is arranged in the secondary positioning pin 2221, and the tapered connecting rod is connected with the push rod cylinder so as to be pushed by the push rod cylinder to move axially; when the tapered connecting rod moves axially, the pressing ball is pressed by the tapered surface of the tapered connecting rod, so that the pressing ball 2221a moves outwards along the circular hole to press the second positioning end 12.

In this embodiment, the positioning salient points of the first positioning member 221 and the second positioning member 222 are hemispheroids.

The clamping mechanism 23 comprises a first clamping member 231 and a second clamping member 232; the first clamping member 231 includes a driving cylinder 2311 and a first clamping arm assembly 2312 connected to each other; the second clamping member 232 includes a drive cylinder 2321 and a second clamping arm assembly 2322 connected to each other;

the first clamping arm assembly 2312 comprises three clamping arms 2312a, when the first clamping assembly 2312 is driven by the driving cylinder 2311, the clamping arms 2312a are buckled on the clamping holes at the first positioning end 11, and the tail ends of the three clamping arms 2312a are correspondingly connected with the three positioning salient points 2212a respectively;

the second clamping assembly 2322 includes a clamping arm 2322a, when the second clamping assembly 2322 is driven by the driving cylinder 2321, the clamping arm 2322a is buckled on the clamping hole of the second positioning end 12, and the end of the clamping arm 2322a is correspondingly connected to the positioning protrusion 2222 a.

In this embodiment, the three-dimensional guide assembly 2412b includes X-guide rails 2412b-X, Y to guide rails 2412b-Y and Z-guide rails 2412 b-Z;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c comprises two X-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-X, Y, a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y and a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412 c-Z; an X-direction stop block, a Y-direction stop block and a Z-direction stop block which respectively correspond to the tail ends of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-X, Y and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-Y, Z and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-Z are arranged on the inner wall surface of the detection module 2412; the stop blocks are not shown in the drawings, and it should be noted that the stop blocks serve as reference objects to obtain the distance between the tail end of the displacement sensor and the stop blocks, and limit the displacement sensor to continue to extend.

The specific detection process of the detection arm is as follows: when the detecting arm 2412a enters the end 13 to be detected, the detecting arm 2412a is driven by the first cylinder 2412d-1 to move along the X-direction guide rail 2412b-X, so that the detecting pin 2412a-1 of the detecting arm passes through the through hole 132 to be detected of the end 13 to be detected, and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X moves along the same direction of the detecting arm 2412 a; if the wall surface 2412a of the detection arm is attached to the wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected, the detection arm 2412a and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X stop moving, and the distance between the tail end of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X and the X-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Xd; the electric control end 3 controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X to extend to the X-direction stop block, the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X obtains a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the electric control end 3, and after the electric control end 3 receives data, the second air cylinder 2412d-2 is controlled to reset the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412 c-X;

when the detection pin 2412a-1 of the detection arm enters the through hole 132 to be detected, the detection arm 2412a is driven by the first air cylinder 2412d-1 to move along the Y-direction guide rail 2412b-Y, Z to the guide rail 2412b-Z, so that when the detection pin 2412a-1 moves in the through hole 132 to be detected, the wall surface of the detection pin 2412a-1 is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected; the detection arm 2412a drives the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-Y, Z to move in the same direction as the telescopic displacement sensors 2412 c-Z; when the wall surface of the detection pin 2412a-1 is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected, the detection arm 2412a and the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y, Z stop moving to the telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z, the distance between the tail end of the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y and the Y-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Yd, and the distance between the tail end of the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z and the Z-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Zd; the electric control end 3 controls a second air cylinder 2412d-2 to respectively drive a Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y to extend to a Y-direction stop block and a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z to extend to a Z-direction stop block, the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y obtains a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the electric control end 3, the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z obtains a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the electric control end 3, and the electric control end 3 marks the coordinate of the contact point as (Yd, Zd); and after the electric control end 3 receives data, the second air cylinder 2412d-2 is controlled to reset the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-Y, Z to the telescopic displacement sensors 2412c-Z, so that the detection is finished.

With reference to fig. 15, in this embodiment, the electric control terminal 3 includes a control chip, a storage unit, a switch unit, and a data processing unit;

the control chip is respectively connected with the storage unit and the switch unit; the data processing unit is connected with the storage unit;

the control chip is respectively connected with a driving device 2411b, a first air cylinder 2412d-1, a second air cylinder 2412d-2 and a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c of the detection member 241;

the control chip receives a starting instruction from the switch unit, and starts the driving device 2411b, so that the driving device 2411b drives the detection arm 2412a of the detection module 2412 to enter a to-be-detected end of a to-be-detected piece;

when the detection arm 2412a enters the end 13 to be detected, the control chip controls the first air cylinder 2412d-1 to drive the detection arm 2412a to move along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly 2412b, so that the detection pin 2412a-1 of the detection arm 2412a enters the through hole 132 to be detected and moves in the through hole 132 to be detected and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected;

when the detection arm 2412a is in contact with the end to be detected 13, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 stops moving and generates a feedback signal to be sent to a control chip; the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly 2412c to move according to the feedback signal; the three-dimensional telescopic sensor assembly 2412c collects telescopic distance data and sends the telescopic distance data to the control chip; the control chip marks the telescopic distance data as detection data and sends the detection data to the storage unit for storage; the data processing unit acquires the detection data stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

According to the automatic detection device provided by this embodiment, the first to-be-detected piece 1a and the second to-be-detected piece 1b are respectively placed on the detection structure, so as to obtain the values of the to-be-detected ends of the two to-be-detected pieces, and further, the electric control end 3 processes the values of the two to-be-detected pieces to obtain the error value thereof. The first piece to be tested 1a is a standard piece, namely a part with a structure most meeting the requirements; the second piece to be tested 1b is a production piece; the error values of the standard part 1a and the production part 1b are obtained through the automatic detection device, so that the production part is improved to be infinitely close to the standard part.

Example 2

One of the embodiments of the present invention is shown in fig. 16, the main technical solution of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and the features that are not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1, and are not described again here. The main differences between this embodiment and embodiment 1 are: the electric control ends are different in circuit structure and can acquire the telescopic distance through the film pressure sensor.

This embodiment provides an automatic detection system, comprising the automatic detection device according to embodiment 1, and further comprising a first film pressure sensor and a second film pressure sensor; the first film pressure sensor is coated on the wall surface of the detection arm 2412 a; the second film pressure sensor is coated on the detection pin 2412 a-1;

when the detection pin 2412a-1 enters the through hole 132 to be detected and the wall surface of the detection arm 2412a is attached to the wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 stops driving, the film pressure sensor is extruded by the wall surface of the end to be detected, and the first film pressure sensor sends a first sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires an X-direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the X-direction pressure trigger threshold value with a first sensing pressure value; if the first sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the X-direction pressure triggering threshold value, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to move; the X-direction telescopic sensor 2412c-X collects a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the control chip;

when the detection pin 2412a-1 of the detection arm 2412a enters the through hole 132 to be detected, moves in the through hole 132 to be detected and makes point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole 132 to be detected, the second film pressure sensor sends a second sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires a Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value with a second sensing pressure value; if the second sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y, Z to move towards the telescopic displacement sensor 2412 c-Z; the Y-direction telescopic sensor 2412c-Y collects a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the control chip; the Z-direction telescopic sensor 2412c-Z acquires a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the control chip; the control chip marks the coordinates of the point as Yd, Zd; the control chip sends the detection data Xd, Yd and Zd to the storage unit for storage; the data processing unit acquires the detection data of the to-be-detected piece stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

Example 3

One of the embodiments of the present invention is shown in fig. 17, the main technical solution of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the features that are not explained in this embodiment adopt the explanations in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and are not described again here. This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 in that:

the embodiment provides a detection method, which realizes the detection of error values of a first to-be-detected piece 1a and a second to-be-detected piece 1b through an automatic detection device; in the embodiment, the number of the contact points of the detection pin in the through hole to be detected is two; that is, M is 2, where M is the number of contact points between the detection pin and the inner wall of the through hole 132 to be detected;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, a first piece to be detected 1a is placed on a detection structure 2;

s2, the driving device 2411b drives the detection module 2412 to move along the transmission guide rail, so that the detection arm of the detection module 2412 enters the end to be detected 13 of the first piece to be detected 1 a;

s3, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 drives the detection arm 2412a to move left and right along the X-direction guide rail 2412b-X, so that the detection pin 2412a-1 enters the through hole 132 to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm 2412a is attached to the wall surface where the left side through hole 132/right through hole 132 to be detected is located; the first cylinder 2412d-1 stops driving;

s4, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X to extend, and a telescopic distance Xd is obtained_{1 left side}/Xd_{1 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{1 left side}And Xd_{1 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s5, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 drives the detection arm 2412a to move along the Y-direction guide rail 2412b-Y, Z to the guide rail 2412b-Z so as to enable the detection pin 2412a-1 to move in the through hole 132 to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin 2412a-1, each point of the detection pin 2412a-1 is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole 132 to be detected; when the point contact is formed, the first cylinder 2412d-1 stops driving;

s6, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y, Z to extend towards the telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z, and coordinate values Yd of the contact point i are obtained_1i，Zd_1i(ii) a And the coordinate value Yd of the contact point i_1i，Zd_1iSending the data to a control chip;

s7, repeatedly executing the steps S5 and S6 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin 2412a-1 and the inner wall of the through hole 132 to be detected are acquired, and Xd_{1 left side}、Xd_{1 right side}Coordinate value Yd of each contact point i_1i，Zd_1iThe detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the first to-be-detected piece; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

s8, placing a second piece to be detected 1b on the detection structure 2;

s9, the driving device 2411b drives the detection module 2412 to move along the transmission guide rail, so that the detection arm 2412a of the detection module 2412 enters the end to be detected 13 of the second piece to be detected 1 b;

s10, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 drives the detection arm 2412a to move left and right along the X-direction guide rail 2412b-X, so that the detection pin 2412a-1 enters the through hole 132 to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm 2412a is attached to the wall surface where the left side through hole 132/right through hole 132 to be detected is located; the first cylinder 2412d-1 stops driving;

s11, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X to extend, and a telescopic distance Xd is obtained_{2 left side}/Xd_{2 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{2 left side}And Xd_{2 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s12, the first air cylinder 2412d-1 drives the detection arm 2412a to move along the Y-direction guide rails 2412b-Y, Z to the guide rails 2412b-Z so as to enable the detection pin 2412a-1 to move in the through hole 132 to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin 2412a-1, each point of the detection pin 2412a-1 is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole 132 to be detected; when the point contact is formed, the first cylinder 2412d-1 stops driving;

s13, the control chip controls the second air cylinder 2412d-2 to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Y, Z to extend towards the telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-Z, and coordinate values Yd of the contact point i are obtained_2i，Zd_2i(ii) a And the coordinate value Yd of the contact point i_2i，Zd_2iSending the data to a control chip;

s14, repeatedly executing the steps S12 and S13 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin 2412a-1 and the inner wall of the through hole 132 to be detected are acquired, and Xd_{2 left side}、Xd_{2 right side}Coordinate value Yd of each contact point i_2i，Zd_2iThe detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the second piece to be detected; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

s15-1, obtaining the measured port diameter error value d ═ Xd of the first measured object 1a and the second measured object 1b_{2 left side}-Xd_{1 left side}|+|Xd_{2 right side}-Xd_{1 right side}|；

S15-2, obtaining the objects to be tested of the first object to be tested 1a and the second object to be tested 1bError values of each corresponding contact point in the inspection via 132

Wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

s15-3, obtaining an error value D of the through holes 132 to be inspected of the first piece to be inspected 1a and the second piece to be inspected 1b as Max { Di }, that is, taking the largest error value among the error values of the corresponding contact points of the two pieces to be inspected as the error value of the through holes 132 to be inspected of the two pieces to be inspected.

By the method, the error value of the diameter of the port to be detected of the standard part and the port to be detected of the production part and the error value of the through hole to be detected of the standard part and the production part can be obtained, so that the production part can be improved according to the error, the production part can be infinitely close to the standard part, and the requirement is met.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device is characterized by comprising a detection structure (2) and an electric control end (3); the detection structure (2) comprises a platform (21), and a positioning assembly (22), a clamping mechanism (23) and a detection assembly (24) which are arranged on the platform (21);

the piece to be detected (1) is placed on the detection structure (2); the clamping mechanism (23) is used for clamping the piece to be tested (1); the piece to be detected (1) comprises N ends to be detected (13), the ends to be detected (13) are provided with openings for the detection arms (2412a) to enter, and two side wall surfaces of the openings are provided with a group of mutually symmetrical through holes (132) to be detected; the piece to be detected (1) comprises a first positioning end (11) and a second positioning end (12), and positioning holes are formed in the first positioning end (11) and the second positioning end (12);

the positioning assembly (22) comprises a first positioning member (221) and a second positioning member (221); when the piece to be detected (1) is placed on the positioning assembly (22), the positioning holes of the piece to be detected (1) are respectively placed corresponding to the first positioning component (221) and the second positioning component (222);

the detection assembly (24) comprises N detection members (241); the N detection components (241) are arranged corresponding to the N ends (13) to be detected of the piece (1) to be detected; the detection means (241) comprises a transfer platform (2411) and a detection module (2412); the conveying platform (2411) is provided with a conveying guide rail (2411a) and a driving device (2411b), the detection module (2412) is connected with the conveying guide rail (2411a) and the driving device (2411b), and the driving device (2411b) drives the detection module (2412) to reciprocate along the conveying guide rail (2411a) so that the detection arm (2412a) of the detection module (2412) enters or leaves the end (13) to be detected;

the detection module (2412) comprises a detection arm (2412a), a three-dimensional guide rail assembly (2412b), a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) and an air cylinder (2412 d); the cylinder (2412d) comprises a first cylinder (2412d-1) and a second cylinder (2412 d-2); the detection arm (2412a) is connected with a first cylinder (2412d-1), and the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) is connected with a second cylinder (2412 d-2); two side wall surfaces of the detection arm (2412a) are respectively provided with a detection pin (2412a-1), and the two detection pins (2412a-1) are symmetrically distributed; the three-dimensional guide rail assembly (2412b) is connected with a detection arm (2412a), and the detection arm (2412a) is connected with a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) through a connecting member; the detection arm (2412a) moves along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly (2412b) to enable the detection pin (2412a-1) to enter the through hole (132) to be detected, and the wall surface of the detection arm (2412a) is attached to the wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected or the detection pin (2412a-1) moves in the through hole (132) to be detected;

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) is connected with a second air cylinder (2412d-2), and when the detection arm (2412a) is contacted with the end to be detected, the second air cylinder (2412d-2) drives the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) to perform telescopic motion to generate telescopic distance; the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) sends the telescopic distance to the electric control end (3).

2. The automatic detection device according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning member (221) comprises a main positioning pin (2211) and a main positioning table (2212); the main positioning table (2212) is a table top formed by extending outwards along the peripheral side wall surface of the main positioning pin (2211); a plurality of first positioning salient points (2212a) are distributed on the main positioning table (2212), and the first positioning salient points (2212a) are used for supporting the bottom surface of the first positioning end (11); a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the main positioning pin (2211), and a first pressing ball body (2221a) is embedded in each round hole; a conical connecting rod (2211b) is arranged in the main positioning pin (2211), and the conical connecting rod (2211b) is connected with a push rod cylinder (2211 c);

the second positioning member (222) comprises a secondary positioning pin (2221) and a secondary positioning table (2222); the secondary positioning table (2222) is a table top formed by extending outwards along the peripheral side wall surface of the secondary positioning pin (2221); second positioning salient points (2222a) are distributed on the secondary positioning table (2222), and the second positioning salient points (2222a) are used for supporting the bottom surface of the second positioning end (12); a plurality of round holes are distributed on the wall surface of the secondary positioning pin (2221), and a second pressing ball body (2221a) is embedded in each round hole; a conical connecting rod (2211b) is arranged in the secondary positioning pin (2221), and the conical connecting rod (2211b) is connected with a push rod cylinder (2211 c).

3. The automatic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping mechanism comprises a first clamping member (231) and a second clamping member (232); said first clamping member (231) comprising a first driving cylinder (2311) and a first clamping arm assembly (2312) connected to each other; the second clamping member (232) comprises a second drive cylinder (2321) and a second clamping arm assembly (2322) connected to each other;

the first clamping arm assembly (2312) comprises a plurality of first clamping arms (2312a), when the first clamping assembly (2312) is driven by the first driving cylinder (2311), the first clamping arms (2312a) are buckled on the clamping holes of the first positioning end (11), and the tail ends of the first clamping arms (2312a) are correspondingly connected with the first positioning salient points (2212a) respectively;

the second clamping assembly (232) comprises a second clamping arm (2322a), when the second clamping assembly (232) is driven by the second driving cylinder (2322), the second clamping arm (2322a) is buckled on the clamping hole of the second positioning end (12), and the tail end of the second clamping arm (2322a) is correspondingly connected with the second positioning salient point (2222 a).

4. The automated inspection device of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional guide assembly (2412b) comprises an X-direction guide (2412b-X), a Y-direction guide (2412b-Y), and a Z-direction guide (2412 b-Z);

the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) comprises an X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X), a Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412 c-Z);

an X-direction stop block, a Y-direction stop block and a Z-direction stop block which respectively correspond to the tail ends of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X), the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) are arranged on the inner wall surface of the detection module (2412);

when the detection arm (2412a) enters the end (13) to be detected, the detection arm (2412a) is driven by a first air cylinder (2412d-1) to move along an X-direction guide rail (2412b-X), so that a detection pin (2412a-1) of the detection arm 2412a passes through a through hole (132) to be detected of the end to be detected, and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) moves along the same direction of the detection arm (2412 a); if the wall surface of the detection arm (2412a) is attached to the wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected, the detection arm (2412a) and the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) stop moving, and the distance between the tail end of the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) and the X-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Xd; the electric control end (3) controls the second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) to extend to the X-direction stop block, the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor 2412c-X) obtains a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the electric control end (3), and after the electric control end (3) receives data, the second air cylinder (2412d-2) is controlled to reset the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412 c-X);

after a detection pin (2412a-1) of the detection arm (2412a) enters the through hole (132) to be detected, the detection arm (2412a) is driven by a first air cylinder (2412d-1) to move along a Y-direction guide rail (2412b-Y) and a Z-direction guide rail (2412b-Z) so that when the detection pin (2412a-1) moves in the through hole (132) to be detected, the wall surface of the detection pin (2412a-1) forms point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected; the detection arm (2412a) drives the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) to move in the same direction; when the wall surface of the detection pin (2412a-1) is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected, the detection arm (2412a), the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) stop moving, the distance between the tail end of the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Y-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Yd, and the distance between the tail end of the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) and the Z-direction stop block is a telescopic distance Zd; the electric control end (3) controls a second air cylinder (2412d-2) to respectively drive a Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) to extend to a Y-direction stop block and a Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) to extend to a Z-direction stop block, the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) obtains a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the electric control end (3), the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) obtains a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the electric control end (3), and the electric control end (3) marks the coordinate of the contact point as (Yd, Zd); and after the electric control end (3) receives data, the second air cylinder (2412d-2) is controlled to reset the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412 c-Z).

5. The automatic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric control terminal (3) comprises a control chip, a memory unit, a switch unit and a data processing unit; the control chip is respectively connected with the storage unit and the switch unit; the data processing unit is connected with the storage unit;

the control chip is respectively connected with a driving device (2411b) of the detection member (241), a first air cylinder (2412d-1), a second air cylinder (2412d-2) and a three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412 c);

the control chip receives a starting instruction from the switch unit, and the driving device (2411b) is started, so that the driving device (2411b) drives the detection arm (2412a) of the detection module (2412) to enter the end to be detected of the piece to be detected;

when the detection arm (2412a) enters the end to be detected (13), the control chip controls the first air cylinder (2412d-1) to drive the detection arm (2412a) to move along the three-dimensional guide rail assembly (2412b), so that the detection pin (2412a-1) of the detection arm (2412a) enters the through hole to be detected (132), moves in the through hole to be detected (132) and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole to be detected (132);

when the detection arm (2412a) is in contact with the end to be detected (13), the first air cylinder (2412d-1) stops moving and generates a feedback signal to be sent to a control chip; the control chip controls the second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the three-dimensional telescopic displacement sensor assembly (2412c) to move according to the feedback signal; the three-dimensional telescopic sensor assembly (2412c) collects telescopic distance data and sends the telescopic distance data to the control chip; the control chip marks the telescopic distance data as detection data and sends the detection data to the storage unit for storage; the data processing unit acquires the detection data stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

6. The automatic detection device according to claim 3, wherein the first positioning bump (2212a) and the second positioning bump (2222a) are hemispheres, the number of the first positioning bumps (2212a) is three, the three first positioning bumps (2212a) form a triangle, and the upper end surfaces of the three first positioning bumps (2212a) are on the same horizontal plane.

7. An automatic inspection system, characterized in that the system comprises an automatic inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4;

the device also comprises a first film pressure sensor and a second film pressure sensor;

the first film pressure sensor is coated on the wall surface of the detection arm (2412 a); the second film pressure sensor is coated on the detection pin (2412 a-1);

when the detection pin (2412a-1) enters the through hole (132) to be detected and the wall surface of the detection arm (2412a) is attached to the wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected, the first air cylinder (2412d-1) stops driving, the film pressure sensor is extruded by the wall surface of the end to be detected, and the first film pressure sensor sends a first sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires an X-direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the X-direction pressure trigger threshold value with a first sensing pressure value; if the first sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the X-direction pressure triggering threshold value, the control chip controls a second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor to move; the X-direction telescopic sensor (2412c-X) collects a telescopic distance Xd and sends the telescopic distance Xd to the control chip;

when a detection pin (2412a-1) of the detection arm (2412a) enters the through hole (132) to be detected, moves in the through hole (132) to be detected and is in point contact with the inner wall surface of the through hole (132) to be detected, the second film pressure sensor sends a second sensing pressure value to the control chip;

the control chip acquires a Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value in the storage unit and compares the Y-Z direction pressure trigger threshold value with a second sensing pressure value; if the second sensing pressure value is larger than or equal to the Y-Z direction pressure triggering threshold value, the control chip controls a second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive a Y direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and a Z direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) to move; the Y-direction telescopic sensor (2412c-Y) collects a telescopic distance Yd and sends the telescopic distance Yd to the control chip; the Z-direction telescopic sensor (2412c-Z) acquires a telescopic distance Zd and sends the telescopic distance Zd to the control chip; the control chip marks the coordinates of the point as (Yd, Zd); the control chip sends the detection data Xd, (Yd, Zd) to a storage unit for storage; the data processing unit acquires the detection data of the to-be-detected piece stored in the storage unit and processes and analyzes the detection data.

8. An inspection method applied to the automatic inspection apparatus according to claims 1 to 5 or the automatic inspection system according to claim 7, comprising two pieces to be inspected (1), which are a first piece to be inspected (1a) and a second piece to be inspected (1 b); the method comprises the following steps:

s1, placing a first piece to be detected (1a) on a detection structure (2);

s2, driving a detection module (2412) to move along a transmission guide rail by a driving device (2411b) so that a detection arm of the detection module (2412) enters a to-be-detected end (13) of a first to-be-detected piece (1 a);

s3, the first air cylinder (2412d-1) drives the detection arm (2412a) to move left and right along the X-direction guide rail (2412b-X) so that the detection pin (2412a-1) enters the through hole (132) to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm (2412a) is attached to the wall surface where the left side wall surface/right side wall surface is located of the through hole (132) to be detected; the first cylinder (2412d-1) stops driving;

s4, the control chip controls the firstThe two cylinders (2412d-2) drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) to extend to obtain a telescopic distance Xd_{1 left-}Xd_{1 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{1 left side}And Xd_{1 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s5, a first air cylinder (2412d-1) drives a detection arm (2412a) to move along a Y-direction guide rail (2412b-Y) and a Z-direction guide rail (2412b-Z) so as to enable a detection pin (2412a-1) to move in the through hole (132) to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin 2412a-1), each point of the detection pin (2412a-1) is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole (132) to be detected; when point contact is formed, the first cylinder (2412d-1) stops driving;

s6, the control chip controls the second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) to extend, and coordinate values (Yd) of the contact point i are obtained_1i，Zd_1i) (ii) a And coordinate value (Yd) of the contact point i_1i，Zd_1i) Sending the data to a control chip;

s7, repeatedly executing the steps S5 and S6 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin (2412a-1) and the inner wall of the through hole (132) to be detected are acquired, and Xd_{1 left side}、Xd_{1 right side}Coordinate value (Yd) of each contact point i_1i，Zd_1i) The detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the first to-be-detected piece; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

s8, placing a second piece to be detected (1b) on the detection structure (2);

s9, driving a detection module (2412) to move along a transmission guide rail by a driving device (2411b) so that a detection arm (2412a) of the detection module (2412) enters a to-be-detected end (13) of a second to-be-detected piece (1 b);

s10, a first air cylinder (2412d-1) drives a detection arm (2412a) to move left and right along an X-direction guide rail (2412b-X) so that a detection pin (2412a-1) enters the through hole (132) to be detected, and the left side wall surface/right side wall surface of the detection arm (2412a) is attached to the wall surface where the left side through hole/right side through hole (132) to be detected is located; the first cylinder (2412d-1) stops driving;

s11, the control chip controls the second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the X-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-X) to extend, and the telescopic distance Xd is obtained_{2 left side}/Xd_{2 right side}(ii) a And will Xd_{2 left side}And Xd_{2 right side}Sending the data to a control chip;

s12, a first air cylinder (2412d-1) drives a detection arm (2412a) to move along a Y-direction guide rail (2412b-Y) and a Z-direction guide rail (2412b-Z) so as to enable a detection pin (2412a-1) to move in the through hole (132) to be detected; in the movement process of the detection pin (2412a-1), each point of the detection pin (2412a-1) is in point contact with each point of the inner wall of the through hole (132) to be detected; when point contact is formed, the first cylinder (2412d-1) stops driving;

s13, the control chip controls the second air cylinder (2412d-2) to drive the Y-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Y) and the Z-direction telescopic displacement sensor (2412c-Z) to extend, and coordinate values (Yd) of the contact point i are obtained_2i，Zd_2i) (ii) a And coordinate value (Yd) of the contact point i_2i，Zd_2i) Sending the data to a control chip;

s14, repeatedly executing the steps S12 and S13 until the coordinate values of all contact points of the detection pin (2412a-1) and the inner wall of the through hole (132) to be detected are acquired, and Xd_{2 left side}、Xd_{2 right side}Coordinate value (Yd) of each contact point i_2i，Zd_2i) The detection data is stored in the storage unit and marked as the second piece to be detected; wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

s15-1, acquiring the diameter error value d ═ Xd of the ports to be measured of the first piece to be measured (1a) and the second piece to be measured (1b)_{2 left side}-Xd_{1 left side}|+|Xd_{2 right side}-Xd_{1 right side}|；

S15-2, obtaining the error value of each corresponding contact point in the through hole (132) to be detected of the first piece to be detected (1a) and the second piece to be detected (1b)

Wherein i is 1,2,3, … …, M; m is more than or equal to 1;

and S15-3, acquiring error values D of the through holes (132) to be detected of the first piece to be detected (1a) and the second piece to be detected (1b) as Max { Di }.