CN111218622A - Austenitic high manganese steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Austenitic high manganese steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111218622A
CN111218622A CN202010172258.5A CN202010172258A CN111218622A CN 111218622 A CN111218622 A CN 111218622A CN 202010172258 A CN202010172258 A CN 202010172258A CN 111218622 A CN111218622 A CN 111218622A
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slag
manganese steel
high manganese
steel
temperature
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戴建国
朱斌
朱韶
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Hunan Shanli New Materials Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C33/00Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese

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Abstract

The invention discloses an austenitic high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the austenitic high manganese steel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: c1.2-1.4, Mn 11.0-14.0, Si0.3-0.7, S <0.02, P <0.02, further comprising 0.05-1 of a combination element for forming a high melting point compound, 0.5-2.5 of a formation element for forming a carbide, and the balance Fe, wherein Mn/C < 10, the ratio of the formation element to the alloying element ranges from: 2.5-50; based on the components of the original high manganese steel, proper amount of Ti, V, Nb, W, B, N and Re elements are added to form high melting point compounds, crystal pulling is refined to play a role, carbide forming elements such as Cr, Mo, Ti, V and the like are added to change the dispersion distribution form of carbides in the high manganese steel, and M is obtained23C6The main tensile carbide is dispersed on the austenite matrix, so that the wear resistance is effectively improved, the manganese-carbon ratio and the proportion of the combined elements to the forming elements are controlled, the wear resistance is good under high impact stress, and the wear resistance is still good under the low stress condition.

Description

Austenitic high manganese steel and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to high manganese steel, and particularly relates to austenitic high manganese steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The main chemical components of the standard austenitic high manganese steel are carbon and manganese, a single austenitic structure can be obtained after water toughening treatment, and the work hardening mechanism of the high manganese steel has two theories of dislocation accumulation and deformation induction transformation. More recent research has supported the dislocation pile-up theory. It is considered that the high manganese steel is highly strengthened by friction due to the formation of a large amount of dislocations, twinning deformation, silver intercalation defects, and blocky structure refinement. When the dislocation density reaches a limit value, slip is virtually impossible, which is the predominant form of deformation for twinning.
Although there are many new materials to partially replace high manganese steel in recent years, the high manganese steel has been improved from various aspects and has been greatly exchanged. The method mainly comprises three approaches, namely re-alloying of high manganese steel, changing the Mn/C ratio of the high manganese steel and improving the production process, wherein various alloying or micro-alloying methods are widely used at home and abroad for improving the performances of the wear resistance, the yield strength and the like of a plurality of austenitic high manganese steels on the market at present, or various alloying or micro-alloying methods are widely used at home and abroad for improving the wear resistance and the carbon content, but the influence on the wear resistance is not obvious when the carbon content exceeds 1.5 percent, and the impact toughness of the material can be obviously reduced when the carbon content is improved while the wear resistance of the high manganese steel is improved, wherein the alloy elements such as alloy elements for improving the yield strength and the tensile strength are V Mo Cr in turn, but V, Mo and Cr all reduce the elongation and the impact toughness, for example, 2 percent of Cr is added into Mn13, namely Mn13Cr2, can improve the yield strength and improve the wear resistance, but the precipitation tendency of grain boundary carbides is increased, thereby reducing the ductility sum of the steel by 30-40% compared with Mn 13.
Therefore, in summary, although the re-alloying method can improve the yield strength and wear resistance of the high manganese steel, it will cause the elongation and impact toughness to decrease, and it is easy to increase the carbon content to improve the wear resistance and also to decrease the hard gas impact toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an austenitic high manganese steel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the austenitic high manganese steel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: c1.2-1.4, Mn 11.0-14.0, Si0.3-0.7, S <0.02, P <0.02, and further comprising a combination element 0.05-1 for forming a high melting point compound, a forming element 0.5-2.5 for forming a carbide, and the balance Fe, wherein Mn/C < 10, and the ratio of the forming element to the alloying element ranges from: 2.5-50.
Further scheme: the alloy elements comprise one or more combinations of Ti, V, Nb, W, B, N and Re, and proper amount of Ti, V, Nb, W, B, N and Re elements are added on the basis of the components of the original high manganese steel to form high melting point compounds, and crystal pulling is refined to play a role.
Further scheme: the forming elements comprise one or more combinations of Cr, Mo, Ti and V, and the carbide forming elements such as Cr, Mo, Ti and V are added to generate a comprehensive effect so as to change the dispersion distribution form of carbides in the high manganese steel and obtain M23C6The main tensile carbide is dispersed on the austenite matrix, so that the wear resistance is effectively improved, and the wear-resistant steel has good wear resistance under high impact stress and is still very wear-resistant under low stress.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: .
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the austenitic high manganese steel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the carbon blending amount is ensured to be more than 0.30 percent of the decarbonization amount in the oxidation period;
(2) after the furnace burden is melted to 60% -80%, pushing the material and adding fluxing crushed iron ore to the material to be about 1% of the weight of the material;
(3) the total slag amount in the melting period is 2-4% of the molten steel mass, and the oxidation period is 2-5%;
(4) after clearing, if the phosphorus in the molten pool is high, slag can flow or be removed, and if the carbon is low, carbon can be added firstly and then oxidized;
(5) when the temperature measurement time is not less than 20s, adding ores for oxidation, wherein each batch of ores is 1% -5% of the weight of the material, and the interval time between two batches is 6-7min, and adding the ores in 2-3 batches;
(6) adding the last batch of ore for 5min, stirring, adding ferromanganese after carbon meets the requirement, and adjusting the carbon component to ensure that the manganese content in the molten steel reaches more than 0.20%;
(7) after 3-5min after clean boiling, the mixture is stirred by hand, and C, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed, and the P is enabled to be less than 0.02%.
(8) The molten pool is calm, the temperature is measured by a stopwatch, and when the temperature is not less than 45S, all the oxidation slag can be removed;
(9) after the slag is discharged, the slag is quickly diluted, and the amount of the slag is 2 percent of the weight of the slag. Lime, fluorite 1:1, 0.3 percent of Si-Fe and 1 percent of Mn-Fe are added;
(10) after the thin slag is formed, adding baked Mn-Fe to make the final Mn reach the middle and lower limit;
(11) adding Mn-Fe, stirring, and adding 3-4% of reducing slag. Lime, fluorite, carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder are 4:1:1.5:1, so that weak carbide slag is formed, the furnace door is closed for about 15min, and C, Si, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed;
(12) adding a batch of carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder every 5-7min, keeping the furnace in a reducing atmosphere, and regulating slag with lime;
(13) taking a slag sample after reduction for analysis, and requiring 1.5 percent of (MnO) + (FeO) X;
(14) the chemical components of the molten steel are qualified, the slag sample is white, steel is ready to be tapped after the time exceeds 45s, and the steel is tapped after the chemical elements and the forming elements are added before the steel is tapped according to the proportion requirement.
(15) Water toughening treatment: the casting is put into a furnace and is heated to 650-700 ℃ at the temperature of less than 250 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/h for heat preservation, the heating speed is 100 ℃/h for heat preservation of 1050 ℃ (every 25mm/1h), the temperature is raised to 1080 ℃ 15-20 min before the casting is taken out, the casting is quickly quenched into water after the temperature is qualified, the capacity of a water pool is more than 10 times of the casting quality, the time from the taking out of the furnace to the entering of the high manganese steel piece is not more than 30S, the entering temperature is kept below 30 ℃, the maximum water temperature after quenching is not more than 60 ℃, the hanging basket is swung for accelerated cooling, the cooling is guaranteed to be below 200 ℃ after the high manganese steel piece is poured into water, the surface of the high manganese steel piece is not scalded after being cooled for 15-20 min during hanging quenching, the heat preservation time is determined according to the wall.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: based on the components of the original high manganese steel, proper amount of Ti, V, Nb, W, B, N and Re elements are added to form high melting point compounds, crystal pulling is refined to play a role, and carbide forming elements such as Cr, Mo, Ti, V and the like are added to generate a comprehensive effect so as to change the dispersion distribution form of carbides in the high manganese steel and obtain the M-based high manganese steel23C6The main tensile carbide is dispersed on the austenite matrix, so that the wear resistance is effectively improved, the manganese-carbon ratio and the proportion of the combined elements to the forming elements are controlled, the wear resistance is good under high impact stress, and the wear resistance is still good under the low stress condition.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In the embodiment of the invention, the austenitic high manganese steel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: c1.2, Mn11.0, Si0.3, S0.01, P0.01, v0.05, N0.05, a high-melting compound-forming element, Cr 1.5, a carbide-forming element, the balance of Fe, the alloy element Cr is a solid solution strengthening and carbide forming element, the general dosage of Cr is 1.5-3.0%, the hardenability and the wear resistance of the steel can be improved, the yield strength of the steel can also be improved, the addition of the Cr can not only form carbide, but also reduce the stability of austenite, the work hardening speed is high, can quickly form a stable hardened layer with high hardness, vanadium is a strong carbonitride forming element and has strong affinity with C and N elements, when they generate fine and dispersed VC, VN, they can generate strong precipitation strengthening effect, and can refine crystal grains, raise the hardness and strength of steel, specially its yield ratio, the wear resistance of the high manganese steel added with vanadium, nitrogen and chromium is greatly improved compared with that of standard high manganese steel while the impact toughness is ensured.
Example 2
In the embodiment of the invention, the austenitic high manganese steel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: c1.2, Mn11.0, Si0.3, S0.01, P0.01, chemical compounds Ti 0.05, N0.05, Re 0.25 for forming high-melting point compounds, forming elements Cr2.5 for forming carbides, and the balance Fe, wherein the addition of the rare earth element Re can purify molten steel, refine crystal pulling, inhibit the growth of carbides and improve the form and distribution of inclusions; ti, namely titanium is also a strong carbonitride forming element, has strong affinity with C and N elements, can generate strong precipitation strengthening effect when the Ti, namely the titanium and the C and N elements generate fine and dispersed TiC and TiN, and can refine grains and improve the hardness and the strength of steel; the alloy element Cr is a solid solution strengthening and carbide forming element, the general dosage of Cr is 1.5-3.0%, the hardenability and the wear resistance of the steel can be improved, the yield strength of the steel can also be improved, the addition of the Cr can form carbide, the stability of austenite is reduced, the work hardening speed is high, and a stable hardened layer with high hardness can be quickly formed.
The method for preparing austenitic high manganese steel according to example 1 and example 2, comprising the following steps:
(1) the carbon blending amount is ensured to be more than 0.30 percent of the decarbonization amount in the oxidation period;
(2) after the furnace burden is melted to 60% -80%, pushing the material and adding fluxing crushed iron ore to the material to be about 1% of the weight of the material;
(3) the total slag amount in the melting period is 2-4% of the molten steel mass, and the oxidation period is 2-5%;
(4) after clearing, if the phosphorus in the molten pool is high, slag can flow or be removed, and if the carbon is low, carbon can be added firstly and then oxidized;
(5) when the temperature measurement time is not less than 20s, adding ores for oxidation, wherein each batch of ores is 1% -5% of the weight of the material, and the interval time between two batches is 6-7min, and adding the ores in 2-3 batches;
(6) adding the last batch of ore for 5min, stirring, adding ferromanganese after carbon meets the requirement, and adjusting the carbon component to ensure that the manganese content in the molten steel reaches more than 0.20%;
(7) after 3-5min after clean boiling, the mixture is stirred by hand, and C, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed, and the P is enabled to be less than 0.02%.
(8) The molten pool is calm, the temperature is measured by a stopwatch, and when the temperature is not less than 45S, all the oxidation slag can be removed;
(9) after the slag is discharged, the slag is quickly diluted, and the amount of the slag is 2 percent of the weight of the slag. Lime, fluorite 1:1, 0.3 percent of Si-Fe and 1 percent of Mn-Fe are added;
(10) after the thin slag is formed, adding baked Mn-Fe to make the final Mn reach the middle and lower limit;
(11) adding Mn-Fe, stirring, and adding 3-4% of reducing slag. Lime, fluorite, carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder are 4:1:1.5:1, so that weak carbide slag is formed, the furnace door is closed for about 15min, and C, Si, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed;
(12) adding a batch of carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder every 5-7min, keeping the furnace in a reducing atmosphere, and regulating slag with lime;
(13) taking a slag sample after reduction for analysis, and requiring 1.5 percent of (MnO) + (FeO) X;
(14) the chemical components of the molten steel are qualified, the slag sample is white, steel is ready to be tapped after the time exceeds 45s, and the steel is tapped after the chemical elements and the forming elements are added before the steel is tapped according to the proportion requirement.
(15) Water toughening treatment: the casting is put into a furnace and is heated to 650-700 ℃ at the temperature of less than 250 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/h for heat preservation, the heating speed is 100 ℃/h for heat preservation of 1050 ℃ (every 25mm/1h), the temperature is raised to 1080 ℃ 15-20 min before the casting is taken out, the casting is quickly quenched into water after the temperature is qualified, the capacity of a water pool is more than 10 times of the casting quality, the time from the taking out of the furnace to the entering of the high manganese steel piece is not more than 30S, the entering temperature is kept below 30 ℃, the maximum water temperature after quenching is not more than 60 ℃, the hanging basket is swung for accelerated cooling, the cooling is guaranteed to be below 200 ℃ after the high manganese steel piece is poured into water, the surface of the high manganese steel piece is not scalded after being cooled for 15-20 min during hanging quenching, the heat preservation time is determined according to the wall.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (4)

1. The austenitic high manganese steel is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2-1.4 parts of C, 11.0-14.0 parts of Mn, 0.3-0.7 parts of Si, less than 0.02 part of S and less than 0.02 part of P, and is characterized by also comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05-1 of a combination element for forming a high melting point compound, 0.5-2.5 of a formation element for forming a carbide, and the balance of Fe, wherein Mn/C is less than 10, and the ratio range of the formation element to the alloy element is as follows: 2.5-50.
2. The austenitic high manganese steel of claim 1, wherein the alloying elements include one or more combinations of Ti, V, Nb, W, B, N, and Re.
3. The austenitic high manganese steel of claim 1, wherein the forming elements comprise one or more combinations of Cr, Mo, Ti, and V.
4. The method for producing austenitic high manganese steel according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) the carbon blending amount is ensured to be more than 0.30 percent of the decarbonization amount in the oxidation period;
(2) after the furnace burden is melted to 60% -80%, pushing the material and adding fluxing crushed iron ore to the material to be about 1% of the weight of the material;
(3) the total slag amount in the melting period is 2-4% of the molten steel mass, and the oxidation period is 2-5%;
(4) after clearing, if the phosphorus in the molten pool is high, slag can flow or be removed, and if the carbon is low, carbon can be added firstly and then oxidized;
(5) when the temperature measurement time is not less than 20s, adding ores for oxidation, wherein each batch of ores is 1% -5% of the weight of the material, and the interval time between two batches is 6-7min, and adding the ores in 2-3 batches;
(6) adding the last batch of ore for 5min, stirring, adding ferromanganese after carbon meets the requirement, and adjusting the carbon component to ensure that the manganese content in the molten steel reaches more than 0.20%;
(7) after 3-5min after clean boiling, the mixture is stirred by hand, and C, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed, and the P is enabled to be less than 0.02%.
(8) The molten pool is calm, the temperature is measured by a stopwatch, and when the temperature is not less than 45S, all the oxidation slag can be removed;
(9) after the slag is discharged, the slag is quickly diluted, and the amount of the slag is 2 percent of the weight of the slag. Lime, fluorite 1:1, 0.3 percent of Si-Fe and 1 percent of Mn-Fe are added;
(10) after the thin slag is formed, adding baked Mn-Fe to make the final Mn reach the middle and lower limit;
(11) adding Mn-Fe, stirring, and adding 3-4% of reducing slag. Lime, fluorite, carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder are 4:1:1.5:1, so that weak carbide slag is formed, the furnace door is closed for about 15min, and C, Si, Mn and P are sampled and analyzed;
(12) adding a batch of carbon powder and ferrosilicon powder every 5-7min, keeping the furnace in a reducing atmosphere, and regulating slag with lime;
(13) taking a slag sample after reduction for analysis, and requiring 1.5 percent of (MnO) + (FeO) X;
(14) the chemical components of the molten steel are qualified, the slag sample is white, steel is ready to be tapped after the time exceeds 45s, and the steel is tapped after the chemical elements and the forming elements are added before the steel is tapped according to the proportion requirement.
(15) Water toughening treatment: the casting is put into a furnace and is heated to 650-700 ℃ at the temperature of less than 250 ℃ at the speed of 80 ℃/h for heat preservation, the heating speed is 100 ℃/h for heat preservation of 1050 ℃ (every 25mm/1h), the temperature is raised to 1080 ℃ 15-20 min before the casting is taken out, the casting is quickly quenched into water after the temperature is qualified, the capacity of a water pool is more than 10 times of the casting quality, the time from the taking out of the furnace to the entering of the high manganese steel piece is not more than 30S, the entering temperature is kept below 30 ℃, the maximum water temperature after quenching is not more than 60 ℃, the hanging basket is swung for accelerated cooling, the cooling is guaranteed to be below 200 ℃ after the high manganese steel piece is poured into water, the surface of the high manganese steel piece is not scalded after being cooled for 15-20 min during hanging quenching, the heat preservation time is determined according to the wall.
CN202010172258.5A 2020-03-12 2020-03-12 Austenitic high manganese steel and preparation method thereof Pending CN111218622A (en)

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CN113462989A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-10-01 北京科技大学 Niobium microalloyed high manganese steel lining plate for mine lattice type ball mill and preparation method thereof

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