CN111217358A - Preparation method and application of reduced graphene oxide - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of reduced graphene oxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN111217358A CN111217358A CN201911277076.8A CN201911277076A CN111217358A CN 111217358 A CN111217358 A CN 111217358A CN 201911277076 A CN201911277076 A CN 201911277076A CN 111217358 A CN111217358 A CN 111217358A
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Abstract
The application discloses a preparation method of reduced graphene oxide, which comprises the following steps: a) freezing and drying the aqueous solution containing the graphene oxide to obtain graphene oxide aerogel; b) and carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide to obtain the reduced graphene oxide. The method is based on a self-propagating combustion graphene oxide reduction aluminum ion battery preparation method, and the reduced graphene aerogel is prepared by utilizing a rapid self-propagating combustion graphene oxide aerogel method.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of aluminum ion batteries, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum ion battery based on self-propagating combustion reduction of graphene oxide.
Background
With the increasing requirements of large-scale equipment such as electric automobiles and the like on the energy density and the power density of the lithium ion battery, the commercialized lithium ion battery is difficult to meet the characteristics of long endurance and rapid charge and discharge of the electric automobiles. And the used electrolyte is inflammable, toxic and volatile, and lithium metal resources are increasingly in short supply, so that the requirements of the broad market are difficult to meet.
Aluminum metal, being superior among the polyvalent metals, is considered by more and more scientists to have great potential in the gradual replacement of lithium batteries. Its advantages are as follows: (1) the earth crust has high aluminum content and low cost; (2) when aluminum metal has better air stability and safety than Li metal; (3) the multivalent ions transfer more than one electron to generate higher specific capacity and energy density (the specific volume of the aluminum anode can reach 8035mAh cm)-3) (ii) a (4) The ionic liquid electrolyte commonly used in the aluminum battery is not easy to volatilize and burn, and is a very safe battery system. Since the 3D foam graphene is firstly reported to be used as a positive electrode material to obtain an aluminum ion battery which is ultra-fast in charging, not easy to burn and explode, foldable, low in material cost and excellent in safety performance on the Nature by Daoyojie team in 2015, the attention on the use of a graphene macroscopic material as the positive electrode material of the aluminum ion battery is gradually increased year by year. In 2016, professor Lu Bing's ann, Hunan university and the like utilize the 3D foamed graphene bombarded by the plasma to obtain a porous graphene macroscopic body as a positive electrode material, so that the working voltage of the aluminum ion battery is remarkably reduced, and the use range of the battery at different temperatures is widened. In 2017, a Gaochao team of Zhejiang university reduces graphene oxide at high temperature to obtain a defect-free graphene film with 'three-high-three-connectivity' as an aluminum ion battery anode material, and improves the cycle stability, the multiplying power and the temperature application range to unprecedented new heights.
However, when preparing graphene-based thin film materials, the commonly adopted chemical reduction and thermal cracking methods are both high-energy-consumption and high-pollution preparation processes. Therefore, the development of a novel method for preparing the graphene film is very important for saving the production cost and converting the results.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one aspect of the application, a preparation method of reduced graphene oxide is provided, and the method is based on an aluminum ion battery preparation method of self-propagating combustion reduced graphene oxide, and the reduced graphene aerogel is prepared by using a method of rapid self-propagating combustion graphene oxide aerogel.
The preparation method of the reduced graphene oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) freezing and drying the aqueous solution containing the graphene oxide to obtain graphene oxide aerogel;
b) and carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide to obtain the reduced graphene oxide.
Optionally, in step a), the concentration of graphene oxide in the aqueous solution containing graphene oxide is 3.0-12.0mg ml-1。
Optionally, in step a), the upper limit of the concentration of graphene oxide in the aqueous solution containing graphene oxide is selected from 4.0mg ml-1、5.0mg ml-1、6.0mg ml-1、7.0mg ml-1、8.0mg ml-1、9.0mg ml-1、10mg ml-1、11mgml-1Or 12mg ml-1(ii) a The lower limit is selected from 3.0mg ml-1、4.0mg ml-1、5.0mg ml-1、6.0mg ml-1、7.0mg ml-1、8.0mg ml-1、9.0mg ml-1、10mg ml-1Or 11mg ml-1。
Optionally, the ignition mode of the self-propagating combustion in the step b) includes any one of air ignition and laser irradiation.
Optionally, the ignition temperature of the self-propagating combustion in the step b) is 600-.
Optionally, in step b), the upper limit of the time of the self-propagating combustion is selected from 0.11s, 0.12s, 0.13s, 0.14s, 0.16s, 0.17s, 0.18s, 0.19s, 0.2s, 0.21s, 0.22s, 0.23s, 0.24s, 0.25s, 0.3s, 0.4s, 0.5s, 0.6s, 0.7s, 0.8s, 0.9s or 1 s; the lower limit is selected from 0.01s, 0.11s, 0.12s, 0.13s, 0.14s, 0.16s, 0.17s, 0.18s, 0.19s, 0.2s, 0.21s, 0.22s, 0.23s, 0.24s, 0.25s, 0.3s, 0.4s, 0.5s, 0.6s, 0.7s, 0.8s, or 0.9 s.
Optionally, the reduced graphene oxide has a size of 0.5-10.0 μm.
According to another aspect of the present application, a graphene film is prepared by preparing a reduced graphene aerogel by a method of rapidly self-propagating combustion of a graphene oxide aerogel and obtaining a graphene film through mechanical pressing.
The preparation method of the graphene film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing reduced graphene oxide according to any one of the above methods;
2) and pressing the reduced graphene oxide into a film to obtain the graphene film.
Optionally, in step 2), the pressure for pressing to form the film is 0.1-10.0 Mpa.
Optionally, in step 2), the upper limit of the pressure for pressing to form the film is selected from 0.5Mpa, 1Mpa, 2Mpa, 3Mpa, 4Mpa, 5Mpa, 6Mpa, 7Mpa, 8Mpa, 9Mpa or 10.0 Mpa; the lower limit is selected from 0.1MPa, 0.5MPa, 1MPa, 2MPa, 3MPa, 4MPa, 5MPa, 6MPa, 7MPa, 8MPa or 9 MPa.
The reduced graphene oxide is graphene aerogel, and the graphene aerogel has large specific surface area, pore volume and high graphitization degree. The film obtained by mechanically pressing the graphene aerogel has higher stacking density, and meanwhile, the connectivity of the pore channels in the graphene aerogel is still maintained, so that sufficient space and continuous diffusion paths are provided for the diffusion of electrolyte ions and the transmission of electrons.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery positive electrode containing the graphene film prepared according to the method described above.
According to another aspect of the present application, an aluminum-ion battery is provided. The preparation method of the aluminum ion battery based on the self-propagating combustion reduction graphene oxide comprises the steps of preparing the reduction graphene aerogel by utilizing a method of quickly self-propagating combustion graphene oxide aerogel, obtaining a graphene film through mechanical pressing, matching an ionic liquid electrolyte of a mixture of imidazolium chloride and aluminum trichloride, using a porous glass fiber diaphragm and an aluminum foil as a negative electrode, and assembling the aluminum ion battery by utilizing a nut battery shell. Has the performances of high safety, high capacity, rate capability, high volume energy density, wide temperature range and the like.
The aluminum ion battery includes:
the battery anode;
a negative electrode; and
an electrolyte; the electrolyte comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and aluminum trichloride.
Optionally, in the electrolyte, the molar ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to the aluminum trichloride is 1:1.0-1: 1.6. The electrolyte has high and low temperature resistance and is non-flammable.
Optionally, the negative electrode comprises any one of an aluminum foil, an aluminum sheet, and an aluminum foam.
Optionally, the chloride ion battery further comprises a separator; the separator is between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Optionally, the separator comprises 1-6 layers of glass fibers.
The beneficial effects that this application can produce include:
1) according to the preparation method of the reduced graphene oxide and the preparation method of the graphene film, the graphene aerogel is quickly prepared to be the anode material, and the preparation time of the battery is shortened.
2) The aluminum ion battery provided by the application has the advantages that the pole piece is self-supported without adding a binder, conductive carbon black and the like, the electrolyte is environment-friendly, wide in temperature range and flame-retardant, and the obtained aluminum ion battery has excellent circulation and rate performance, high capacity, high volume energy and high power.
3) The self-propagating graphene prepared by the method has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, and can effectively improve the battery capacity. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of good rate charge-discharge characteristics, high-temperature cycle capacity retention rate, high-temperature storage performance of the battery and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the graphene electrode sheet prepared in example 1 of the present invention, with a ruler of 100 μm.
Fig. 2 is a raman diagram of the graphene sheet prepared in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a graphene-based aluminum-ion battery of 10A g in example 1 of the present invention-1Current density of whichThe medium voltage window is 0.01-2.51V.
Fig. 4 shows the rate capability of the graphene-based aluminum ion battery prepared in example 1 of the present invention, wherein the voltage window is 0.1-2.51V.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present application is not limited to these examples.
The raw materials in the examples of the present application were all purchased commercially, unless otherwise specified.
The analysis method in the examples of the present application is as follows:
SEM analysis was performed using Japanese Hitachi JSM-7800F.
Raman spectroscopy was performed using LabRAM HR 800(532 nm).
Electrochemical performance analysis was performed using LAND and Shanghai Chenghua electrochemical workstations.
Example 1
Mixing 5mg ml-1And freeze-drying the graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel. And (3) carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide aerogel, igniting by using a lighter, wherein the ignition temperature is 600 ℃, and obtaining the black graphene aerogel after 15 ms. Pressing the graphene aerogel into a film by using the pressure of 3MPa, and taking the film as a positive electrode; as shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from the Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) of fig. 1, the prepared cathode had a 3D porous structure. As can be seen from Raman (Raman) of fig. 2, the graphene has a better graphitization degree; 3 layers of glass fiber are used as a diaphragm between the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil; the mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and aluminum trichloride is used as the electrolyte. Wherein the molar ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to the aluminum trichloride is 1: 1.2.
The nut cell was assembled in the following order: putting the prepared graphene film into a battery shell; 3 layers of glass fiber diaphragms (Whatman) are placed on the positive electrode membrane of the positive electrode, and a proper amount of electrolyte with the mixing ratio of 1:1.2 is dripped; and placing a negative aluminum foil on the glass fiber diaphragm, aligning and screwing to finish packaging. The assembled battery was subjected to 10A g using a blue test system-1Constant current charge and discharge experimentThe capacity of the high-performance aluminum ion battery with the graphene anode can be maintained at 100mAh g after 5000 cycles of circulation-1And has excellent cycle stability. The aluminum ion battery was subjected to a rate test, as can also be seen in fig. 4, at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10A g-1The specific discharge capacity of the battery was 240,172,124,103,96 and 90mAh g, respectively-1。
Example 2
Mixing 6mg ml-1And freeze-drying the graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel. And (3) carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide aerogel, igniting by using a lighter, wherein the ignition temperature is 800 ℃, and obtaining the graphene aerogel after 18 ms. Pressing the graphene aerogel into a film by using the pressure of 3MPa, and taking the film as a positive electrode; 2 layers of glass fiber are used as a diaphragm between the anode aluminum foil and the cathode aluminum foil; the mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and aluminum trichloride is used as the electrolyte. Wherein the molar ratio of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to the aluminum trichloride is 1: 1.3.
The nut cell was assembled in the following order: putting the prepared graphene film into a battery shell; placing 2 layers of glass fiber diaphragms (Whatman) on the positive electrode membrane of the positive electrode, and dropwise adding a proper amount of electrolyte with the mixing ratio of 1: 1.3; and placing a negative aluminum foil on the glass fiber diaphragm, aligning and screwing to finish packaging. The performance of the aluminum ion battery was similar to the battery in example 1.
Example 3
Mixing 8mg ml-1And freeze-drying the graphene oxide aqueous solution to obtain the graphene oxide aerogel. And (3) carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide aerogel, igniting by using matches, wherein the ignition temperature is 800 ℃, and obtaining the black graphene aerogel after 23 ms. Pressing the graphene aerogel into a film by using the pressure of 5MPa, and taking the film as a positive electrode; the nut cell was assembled in the following order: putting the prepared graphene film into a battery shell; 3 layers of glass fiber diaphragms (Whatman) are placed on the positive electrode membrane of the positive electrode, and a proper amount of electrolyte with the mixing ratio of 1:1.6 is dripped; and placing a negative aluminum foil on the glass fiber diaphragm, aligning and screwing to finish packaging. The performance of the aluminum ion battery was similar to the battery in example 1.
Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of reduced graphene oxide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) freezing and drying the aqueous solution containing the graphene oxide to obtain graphene oxide aerogel;
b) and carrying out self-propagating combustion on the graphene oxide to obtain the reduced graphene oxide.
2. The method for preparing reduced graphene oxide according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of graphene oxide in the aqueous solution containing graphene oxide in step a) is 3.0-12.0 mg/ml-1。
3. The method for preparing reduced graphene oxide according to claim 1, wherein the ignition means of the self-propagating combustion in step b) includes any one of ignition in air and laser irradiation.
4. The method for preparing reduced graphene oxide according to claim 1, wherein the ignition temperature of the self-propagating combustion in step b) is 600-1000 ℃, and the time of the self-propagating combustion is 0.01-1.0 s.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced graphene oxide has a size of 0.5 to 10.0 μm.
6. A preparation method of a graphene film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing reduced graphene oxide according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 5;
2) and pressing the reduced graphene oxide into a film to obtain the graphene film.
7. The graphene film according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2), the pressure for pressing the film is 0.1-10.0 MPa.
8. A battery positive electrode comprising the graphene film produced by the method according to claim 6 or 7.
9. An aluminum-ion battery, comprising:
a positive electrode for the battery of claim 8;
a negative electrode; and
an electrolyte; the electrolyte comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and aluminum trichloride.
10. The aluminum-ion battery of claim 9, wherein the molar ratio of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride to aluminum trichloride in the electrolyte is 1:1.0-1: 1.6;
preferably, the negative electrode includes any one of an aluminum foil, an aluminum sheet, and a foamed aluminum;
preferably, the chloride ion battery further comprises a separator; the separator is between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
preferably, the separator comprises 1-6 layers of glass fibers.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111668453A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Flexible self-supporting positive electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113871210A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 兰州大学 | Graphene nano roll-based electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113871210A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 兰州大学 | Graphene nano roll-based electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200602 |