CN111216535A - Power battery crumple protection system and electric automobile - Google Patents

Power battery crumple protection system and electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111216535A
CN111216535A CN202010156395.XA CN202010156395A CN111216535A CN 111216535 A CN111216535 A CN 111216535A CN 202010156395 A CN202010156395 A CN 202010156395A CN 111216535 A CN111216535 A CN 111216535A
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China
Prior art keywords
power battery
collision
battery pack
crumple
pack body
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CN202010156395.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
黄佳贤
王方
王丙雨
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Xiamen University of Technology
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Xiamen University of Technology
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Priority to CN202010156395.XA priority Critical patent/CN111216535A/en
Publication of CN111216535A publication Critical patent/CN111216535A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power battery crumple protection system and an electric automobile, and relates to the technical field of electric automobile protection devices, wherein the power battery crumple protection system comprises: the anti-collision device comprises a power battery pack body electrically connected with an electric automobile and anti-collision steel beams respectively arranged on the front and rear parts of the power battery pack body, wherein the power battery pack body is fixedly connected with the electric automobile through fastening bolts, the anti-collision steel beams comprise a power battery, a power battery cooling system and a protective cover plate, crumple guide grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of each anti-collision steel beam along the direction of an automobile body, and the fastening bolts can break when collision energy reaches a preset value, so that the anti-collision steel beams drive the power battery pack body to crumple along the crumple guide grooves, thereby improving the crumple space of the whole automobile, reducing the collision energy transmitted to the power battery, reducing the possibility that the power battery is exploded due to extrusion collision or even catches fire, improving the safety of the electric automobile, lowering the implementation cost and having great production and popularization significance.

Description

Power battery crumple protection system and electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile protection devices, in particular to a power battery crumple protection system and an electric automobile.
Background
At present, due to the rigor of the environment-friendly situation and the strong support of national policies, the output and sales volume of electric vehicles is greatly improved in recent years, the power of the electric vehicles comes from power batteries, and the power batteries of the electric vehicles are very easy to deform, break down, leak electricity, overheat or even fire when colliding, so that the safety of drivers is threatened. In order to further improve the safety of electric vehicles, the protection of power batteries has been the key point of research and development of various large vehicle manufacturers.
The traditional automobile protection absorbs collision energy through the anti-collision beam, and comprises a main beam, an energy absorption box and a mounting plate connected with an automobile longitudinal beam, wherein the main beam and the energy absorption box can effectively absorb the collision energy when the automobile is collided at a low speed, so that the damage of the impact force to the automobile longitudinal beam is reduced as much as possible, and the protective effect on the automobile is exerted. However, the batteries of the electric vehicle are generally fully paved on the chassis of the vehicle, the process of protecting the safety of human body by the vehicle body of the traditional fuel vehicle is not suitable for the collision protection of the power battery, and the protection of the traditional electric vehicle does not relate to the improvement of the safety when collision occurs by designing the collapse of the power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power battery crumple protection system and an electric automobile, and aims to solve the problem of safety protection of the power battery of the existing electric automobile.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention provides a power battery crumple protection system, which comprises: the anti-collision device comprises a power battery pack body electrically connected to an electric automobile and anti-collision steel beams respectively arranged on the front portion and the rear portion of the power battery pack body, wherein the power battery pack body is fixedly connected with the electric automobile through fastening bolts, the anti-collision steel beams comprise a power battery, a power battery cooling system and a protective cover plate, crumple guide grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of each anti-collision steel beam along the direction of an automobile body, and the fastening bolts can break when collision energy reaches a preset value, so that the anti-collision steel beams drive the power battery pack body to crumple along the crumple guide grooves.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fastening bolt is a steel bolt, and the breaking strength thereof is:
Figure BDA0002404198570000021
wherein, σ is the breaking strength of the fastening bolts, F is the impact force born by the power battery pack body, F is the friction force between the power battery pack body and the electric automobile body, n is the number of the fastening bolts, and A is the safety margin.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric power transmission joint is installed above the power battery pack body to block electric power transmission along with the movement of the power battery pack body.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power battery pack body is an integral flat type.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the energy-absorbing cellular material further includes a crumple energy-absorbing cellular material installed between the power battery pack body and the anti-collision steel beam.
The invention also provides an electric automobile, wherein the power battery crumple protection system is arranged on a chassis of the electric automobile.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the power battery crumple protection system obtained through the design, the power battery pack is fixedly connected with the electric automobile through the fastening bolts, the front and the rear parts of the power battery pack body are provided with the anti-collision steel beams, and the two sides of the power battery pack body are provided with the crumple guide grooves along the automobile body direction. When collision happens, the fastening bolt can be broken when collision energy reaches a preset value, so that the anti-collision steel beam slides along the crumple guide groove and drives the power battery to crumple, thereby improving the crumple space of the whole vehicle, reducing the collision energy transmitted to the power battery, reducing the possibility that the power battery catches fire or even explodes due to extrusion collision, and improving the safety of the electric vehicle.
According to the invention, the electric energy transmission connector is arranged above the power battery pack body, and the transmission connector can be disconnected when the power battery collapses by changing the installation position of the electric energy transmission connector, so that the power battery pack is in a stable power-off protection state, and the possibility of short circuit of an automobile is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power battery collapse protection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention before collapse;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the power battery crush protection system provided in the embodiment of the present invention after being crushed.
Icon: 1-a power battery pack body; 2-anti-collision steel beams; 3-a crumple guide groove; 4-electric energy transmission joint; 5-collapsing energy-absorbing honeycomb material; 6-chassis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power battery collapse protection system, which is mountable on an automobile chassis 6, and includes: the anti-collision electric vehicle is characterized by comprising a power battery pack body 1 electrically connected to the electric vehicle and anti-collision steel beams 2 respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the power battery pack body 1. The power battery pack body 1 is fixedly connected with the electric vehicle through fastening bolts (not shown), and comprises a power battery, a power battery cooling system and a protective cover plate (not shown). And the two sides of the anti-collision steel beam 2 are respectively provided with a crumple guide groove 3 along the direction of the vehicle body. The invention reduces the implementation cost of battery protection by improving the installation mode of the power battery pack body 1. When the collision accident happens, fastening bolt can break off when collision energy reaches a default, makes anticollision girder steel 2 is followed the guiding groove 3 that contracts of ulcerate slides, drives power battery pack body 1 takes place to crumple, improves the crumple space of whole car, reduces the collision energy that transmits to on the power battery, and the integrality of protection power battery pack body 1 does not receive destruction to power battery pack body 1 takes place the risk that conflagration or even explosion because of the collision extrusion when reducing electric automobile and taking place the collision accident.
The crumple guide groove 3 is designed by matching the structure and the deformation direction of the anti-collision steel beam 2, and the anti-collision steel beam 2 can be deformed in a large crumple mode without bending and breaking when an accident happens.
Further, the fastening bolt is a steel bolt, and may be made of rigid materials such as plastic steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, or nickel-chromium alloy, and the invention is not particularly limited.
Further, the breaking strength of the fastening bolt is as follows:
Figure BDA0002404198570000061
wherein, σ is the breaking strength of the fastening bolt, F is the impact force born by the power battery pack body 1, F is the friction force between the power battery pack body 1 and the electric automobile body, n is the number of the fastening bolts, and A is the safety margin.
In this embodiment, the fastening bolt may be installed with a certain material, specification and amount of steel material according to a collision test performed in advance. When collision happens, when collision energy is transmitted to the power battery pack body 1 and reaches a preset value, the shear force of the fastening bolt reaches the design peak value of the fracture strength and can be automatically fractured, so that the power battery pack body 1 can move, and a larger collapse space is provided for energy absorption of a collision part.
Further, referring to fig. 1-2, an electric energy transmission connector 4 is mounted above the power battery pack body 1. By adjusting the installation position of the electric energy transmission joint 4, when collision occurs, the electric energy transmission joint 4 generates physical blocking with the electric automobile along with the movement of the power battery pack body 1, so that the power battery pack body 1 is in a stable state of power-off protection, and the possibility of automobile short circuit is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the power battery pack body 1 is in an integral tiled type, the integral design solves the problem of split protection of multiple blocks, the tiled design can reduce the center of a vehicle, and the vehicle is prevented from being damaged and radiating when being extruded due to collision to the maximum extent.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the energy-absorbing honeycomb material is installed between the power battery pack 1 and the anti-collision steel beam 2. The collapse energy-absorbing honeycomb material 5 is in a shape similar to a honeycomb, each honeycomb hole is a regular hexagon, honeycomb cores are connected with one another, the structure of the collapse energy-absorbing honeycomb material is quite stable in the whole panel, and bending deformation and shearing damage are not easy to occur. Optionally, the collapsing energy-absorbing honeycomb material 5 may be low-density foam, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy, or the like, and the invention is not particularly limited.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electric automobile, wherein the power battery crumple protection system is arranged on the chassis 6 of the electric automobile. The collapse amount of the automobile body can be improved when the collision happens by designing the collapse of the power battery pack body 1, the absorption of the automobile body to the collision energy is increased, the unstable situation caused by extrusion deformation of the power battery is avoided, the possibility of spontaneous combustion of the electric automobile when the accident happens is reduced, and the passive safety of the electric automobile is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A power battery crumple protection system, comprising: the anti-collision electric vehicle is characterized in that the anti-collision electric vehicle is electrically connected with a power battery pack body (1) of the electric vehicle and anti-collision steel beams (2) which are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part of the power battery pack body (1), the power battery pack body (1) is fixedly connected with the electric vehicle through fastening bolts, the anti-collision electric vehicle comprises power batteries, a power battery cooling system and a protective cover plate, crumple guide grooves (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of each anti-collision steel beam (2) along the direction of a vehicle body, and the fastening bolts can break when collision energy reaches a preset value, so that the anti-collision steel beams (2) are driven by the crumple guide grooves (3) to crum.
2. The power battery crush protection system of claim 1, wherein the fastening bolts are steel bolts having a breaking strength of:
Figure FDA0002404198560000011
wherein sigma is the breaking strength of the fastening bolts, F is the impact force borne by the power battery pack body (1), F is the friction force between the power battery pack body (1) and the electric automobile body, n is the number of the fastening bolts, and A is the safety margin.
3. The power battery collapse protection system according to claim 1, wherein an electric energy transmission connector (4) is installed above the power battery pack body (1) to block electric power transmission with the movement of the power battery pack body (1).
4. The power battery crush protection system of claim 1, wherein the power battery pack body (1) is of an integral flat type.
5. The power battery crumple protection system of claim 1, further comprising a crumple energy-absorbing honeycomb material (5) installed between the power battery pack (1) and the anti-collision steel beam (2).
6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the chassis (6) of the electric vehicle is equipped with a power cell collapse protection system according to any one of claims 1-5.
CN202010156395.XA 2020-03-09 2020-03-09 Power battery crumple protection system and electric automobile Pending CN111216535A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112208332A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-12 赵平平 Battery compartment throwing-off structure of battery-replacing type electric automobile

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112208332A (en) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-12 赵平平 Battery compartment throwing-off structure of battery-replacing type electric automobile
CN112208332B (en) * 2020-10-13 2022-01-18 江苏美奥新能源科技有限公司 Battery compartment throwing-off structure of battery-replacing type electric automobile

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