CN111215853A - Machining device and machining method for machining high-precision deep and long holes - Google Patents
Machining device and machining method for machining high-precision deep and long holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN111215853A CN111215853A CN202010085105.7A CN202010085105A CN111215853A CN 111215853 A CN111215853 A CN 111215853A CN 202010085105 A CN202010085105 A CN 202010085105A CN 111215853 A CN111215853 A CN 111215853A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
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Abstract
A processing device and a processing method for processing high-precision deep and long holes are characterized in that: comprises a cutter I, a cutter II, a cutter III and a cutter IV; the cutter I and the cutter II are both semi-fine boring double-edged cutters, the cutter III is a fine boring single-bit cutter, and the cutter IV is a floating boring cutter; the processing method also comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, performing semi-finishing on a workpiece, wherein the aperture of an obtained hole is 5mm smaller than that of a finally formed hole; (2) boring a hole by using the cutter I, wherein the diameter of the cutter I is 2mm smaller than the finally formed hole diameter; (3) boring a hole by using the cutter II, wherein the diameter of the cutter II is 0.3mm smaller than the finally formed hole diameter; (4) boring a hole by using the cutter III, wherein the diameter of the cutter III is 0.05mm smaller than the finally formed hole diameter; (5) and boring a hole by using the tool IV, wherein the diameter of the tool IV is 0.02mm larger than the diameter of the finally formed hole. The invention breaks through the traditional high-precision deep hole processing method and realizes a higher-efficiency processing technology under the condition of ensuring form and position tolerance and surface quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machining device and a machining method for machining a high-precision deep and long hole.
Background
The deep and long holes are common structural features of mechanical parts, and application scenes of the deep and long holes are various. The processing of deep and long holes is an important link in the processing of mechanical parts, and whether the dimensional tolerance and the form and position tolerance of the deep and long holes are qualified plays a key role in subsequent assembly. At present, the deep and long holes are generally processed by the procedures of drilling, reaming and grinding. Although this process can achieve the required accuracy, it also has a number of disadvantages, particularly the closer the cutting edge is to the center when the initial drilling process uses a lengthened twist drill, the larger the forefoot. If the drill bit is poor in rigidity, vibration is larger, surface shape errors are difficult to control, straightness errors of machined holes occur, the drill bit is prone to uneven abrasion and the like, and production efficiency and product percent of pass are low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a processing device and a processing method for processing a deep and long hole with high precision.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a processing method for processing high-precision deep and long holes comprises the following steps:
s1, performing semi-finishing on the workpiece, wherein the aperture of the obtained hole is 5mm smaller than the design diameter;
s2, boring a hole by using a cutter I, wherein the diameter of the cutter I is 2mm smaller than the designed hole diameter;
s3, boring a hole by using a cutter II, wherein the diameter of the cutter II is 0.3mm smaller than the designed hole diameter;
s4, boring a hole by using a cutter III, wherein the diameter of the cutter III is smaller than the designed hole diameter by 0.05 mm;
s5, boring the hole by using a tool IV until the hole meets the technical requirements, wherein the diameter of the tool IV is 0.02mm larger than the designed hole diameter;
the cutting fluid is used in the steps S1-S5.
Further, the cutting fluid is kerosene.
Further, in the step S1, the workpiece is semi-finished by drilling and then boring.
A processing device for processing high-precision deep and long holes comprises a cutter I, a cutter II, a cutter III and a cutter IV; the cutter I and the cutter II are both semi-fine boring double-edged cutters, the cutter III is a fine boring single-bit cutter, and the cutter IV is a floating boring cutter.
Further, the device comprises a fastening device for preventing the workpiece from deforming due to the action of bending moment of the tool; the fastening device comprises two bottom plates, each bottom plate is provided with a hole for connecting with the workbench, and two supporting plates are axially and symmetrically welded on the top surface of each bottom plate; the support plate is characterized by further comprising two long rods used for connecting the support plates, and the long rods are detachably connected with the support plates.
Further, the position that stock and backup pad are connected is equipped with the external screw thread, the backup pad is equipped with the internal thread hole, the external screw thread of stock can cooperate with, be connected with the internal thread hole of backup pad.
The processing cutter for processing the high-precision deep and long hole and the processing method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
the traditional high-precision deep hole processing method is broken through, and a higher-efficiency processing process is realized under the condition of ensuring form and position tolerance and surface quality;
additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter I, a cutter II, a cutter III and a cutter IV of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the fastening device.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are illustrative of the invention only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the invention, which comprises a cutter I1, a cutter II 2, a cutter III 3 and a cutter IV 4, wherein the cutter I1 and the cutter II 2 are both semi-fine boring double-edge cutters, the cutter III 3 is a fine boring single-bit cutter, and the cutter IV 4 is a floating boring cutter; the device also comprises a fastening device for preventing the workpiece 6 from deforming under the action of bending moment of the tool; the fastening device comprises two bottom plates 9, each bottom plate 9 is provided with a hole for connecting with a workbench 10, two support plates 7 are symmetrically welded on each bottom plate 9, and the top of each support plate 7 is provided with an internal threaded hole; still include the pole head periphery of being connected the usefulness with the backup pad and be equipped with screwed stock 12, the external screw thread of stock 12 cooperatees with the internal thread hole of backup pad 7. The threaded connection is convenient to use and disassemble, high in precision and good in fastening effect.
This example illustrates the machining method by way of example of a hole in the tip seat of a gear shaving machine. The axial length of the deep and long hole 11 is 250mm, the hole diameter phi 95H7, the requirements of roundness and cylindricity are both 0.005mm, and the requirement of roughness is Ra0.8. Before finish machining of the tip seat 6, two bottom plates 9 are respectively placed at two ends of a workpiece, so that the four supporting plates 7 are tightly attached to two ends of the tip seat 6, and the bottom plates 9 are fixed on a workbench 10 through screws 8. Then two external thread long rods 12 penetrate through the inner screw holes in the supporting plates 7, and the outer end faces of the four supporting plates 7 are reinforced by nuts 5 to the whole fastening device, so that the threaded connection is convenient to use and disassemble, the precision is high, and the fastening effect is good.
Then, the deep and long holes are processed by adopting the following steps:
(1) performing semi-finishing on the workpiece by using a first drilling and then boring hole, wherein the aperture diameter of the obtained hole is phi 90 mm;
(2) boring a hole by using the cutter I1, wherein the diameter phi of the cutter I1 is 93 mm;
(3) boring a hole by using the cutter II 2, wherein the diameter phi of the cutter II 2 is 94.7 mm;
(4) boring a hole by using the cutter III 3, wherein the diameter phi of the cutter III 3 is 94.95 mm;
(5) and (4) boring a hole by using the cutter IV 4, wherein the diameter phi of the cutter IV 4 is 95.02 mm.
And (3) using kerosene as a cutting fluid during the steps (1) to (5), wherein the kerosene has good lubricity and can fully lubricate the inner surfaces of a cutter and a hole during fine boring so as to ensure the surface processing quality of the hole.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A processing method for processing high-precision deep and long holes comprises the following steps:
s1, performing semi-finishing on the workpiece, wherein the aperture of the obtained hole is 5mm smaller than the design diameter;
s2, boring a hole by using a cutter I, wherein the diameter of the cutter I is 2mm smaller than the designed hole diameter;
s3, boring a hole by using a cutter II, wherein the diameter of the cutter II is 0.3mm smaller than the designed hole diameter;
s4, boring a hole by using a cutter III, wherein the diameter of the cutter III is smaller than the designed hole diameter by 0.05 mm;
s5, boring the hole by using a tool IV until the hole meets the technical requirements, wherein the diameter of the tool IV is 0.02mm larger than the designed hole diameter;
the cutting fluid is used in the steps S1-S5.
2. A processing method for processing a deep and long hole with high precision according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting fluid is kerosene.
3. A processing method for processing a deep and long hole with high precision according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, the workpiece is semi-finished by drilling and then boring.
4. The processing device for processing the deep and long hole with high precision as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: comprises a cutter I, a cutter II, a cutter III and a cutter IV; the cutter I and the cutter II are both semi-fine boring double-edged cutters, the cutter III is a fine boring single-bit cutter, and the cutter IV is a floating boring cutter.
5. A processing device for processing a deep and long hole with high precision as claimed in claim 4, wherein: comprises a fastening device for preventing the workpiece from deforming under the action of the bending moment of the tool; the fastening device comprises two bottom plates, each bottom plate is provided with a hole for connecting with the workbench, and two supporting plates are axially and symmetrically welded on the top surface of each bottom plate; the support plate is characterized by further comprising two long rods used for connecting the support plates, and the long rods are detachably connected with the support plates.
6. A processing device for processing a deep and long hole with high precision as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the position that stock and backup pad are connected is equipped with the external screw thread, the backup pad is equipped with the internal thread hole, the external screw thread of stock can cooperate with, be connected with the internal thread hole of backup pad.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010085105.7A CN111215853A (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2020-02-10 | Machining device and machining method for machining high-precision deep and long holes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010085105.7A CN111215853A (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2020-02-10 | Machining device and machining method for machining high-precision deep and long holes |
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| CN111215853A true CN111215853A (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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| CN202010085105.7A Pending CN111215853A (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2020-02-10 | Machining device and machining method for machining high-precision deep and long holes |
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Citations (16)
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| CN2189506Y (en) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-02-15 | 北京市电加工研究所 | Deep-hole compound processing device |
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2020
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| CN206527357U (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-09-29 | 安丘东旭机械有限公司 | General car deep hole processing tool |
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| CN108115176A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-05 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | A kind of high-precision step shaft titanium alloy material Fine and Deep Hole high-efficiency machining method |
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