CN111211629A - Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator - Google Patents
Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111211629A CN111211629A CN202010156851.0A CN202010156851A CN111211629A CN 111211629 A CN111211629 A CN 111211629A CN 202010156851 A CN202010156851 A CN 202010156851A CN 111211629 A CN111211629 A CN 111211629A
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor, which comprises a stator and a rotor without a winding, wherein the stator is sleeved with an armature winding and an excitation winding; the invention also discloses a special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation generator which comprises a stator and a rotor without windings, wherein the stator is sleeved with an armature winding and an excitation winding, when the rotor rotates, alternating current generated by a three-phase armature winding outputs direct current through a diode rectifying circuit, the rotor pole teeth are designed into a fan shape, and the width of the end parts of the rotor pole teeth is larger than that of the end parts of the stator pole teeth. Through the mode, the problem of large torque fluctuation in the application of the doubly salient motor and the generator at low and medium rotating speeds can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of doubly salient motors or generators, in particular to a special-shaped rotor pole doubly salient brushless direct-current excitation motor and a generator.
Background
At present, the doubly salient motor or generator used at home and abroad has the same stator pole width and rotor pole width. The double-salient brushless direct-current generator mainly comprises an inner rotor double-salient motor or generator, a double-salient brushless direct-current generator (CN1099155C) applied to Nanjing aerospace university in the 90 s, and the double-salient brushless direct-current generator comprises a stator (1) and a rotor (2) without windings, wherein an armature winding (3) and an excitation winding (4) are sleeved on the stator, and alternating current generated by a three-phase armature winding outputs direct current through a diode rectifying circuit. The motor has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight, high power density, good reliability and low cost, has wide application prospect, and particularly has important significance in the field of aerospace.
The second type is an outer rotor motor or a generator, and the three-phase outer rotor electrically-excited doubly salient wind generator (CN101183804A) applied by Nanjing aerospace university is applied to the structure, and the three-phase outer rotor electrically-excited doubly salient wind generator is composed of an 8-tooth outer rotor (1), a 6-tooth inner stator (2), six armature windings (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2) and an excitation winding (L) embedded on the stator, wherein the windings on opposite teeth on the stator are connected in series to form a phase to form the three-phase generator. After the direct current is introduced into the excitation winding, the three-phase winding is directly output through the three-phase rectifier bridge along with the rotation of the motor outer rotor driven by the wind turbine.
The two doubly salient motors or generators are characterized by being influenced by large fluctuation of positioning torque of stators and rotors of the doubly salient motors, and output torques of the two doubly salient motors or generators have large fluctuation at low rotating speed and often have negative torque fluctuation. This weakness limits the application of both doubly salient machines or generators.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and a generator, and can solve the problem of large torque fluctuation at low rotating speed in the application of the double salient pole motor and the generator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor comprises a stator and a rotor without a winding, wherein an armature winding and an excitation winding are sleeved on the stator, when the special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor is electrified, a three-phase armature winding generates torsional magnetic force through IGBT control and is used as output torque when a driving machine is driven, rotor pole teeth are designed to be fan-shaped, and the width of the end part of each rotor pole tooth is larger than that of the end part of each stator pole tooth.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor tooth end is symmetrically extended at a sector angle at the front edge and the rear edge of the rotor tooth by taking the center line of the rotor tooth end as a reference, so that the total width of the rotor tooth end is larger than that of the stator tooth end.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two ends of the rotor tooth end part are respectively provided with a chamfer near the stator tooth end part.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor are both made of silicon steel sheet laminations, and the basic structure thereof is a 6N/4N tooth structure, i.e. the number of teeth of the stator is 6N, and the number of teeth of the rotor is 4N.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator poles are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, and the distribution interval is 360 ° per 6N, where 6N is the number of stator poles, and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, where the distribution interval is one rotor pole pitch 360 °/4N, where 4N is the number of rotor poles, and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: the utility model provides a brushless direct current excitation generator of special-shaped rotor utmost point biconvex pole, including stator and the rotor that does not have the winding, the cover is equipped with armature winding and excitation winding on the stator, and when the rotor rotated, the alternating current that three-phase armature winding produced exported the direct current through diode rectifier circuit, the rotor tooth design becomes fan-shaped, and rotor tooth tip width is greater than the width of stator tooth tip.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor tooth end is symmetrically extended at a sector angle at the front edge and the rear edge of the rotor tooth by taking the center line of the rotor tooth end as a reference, so that the total width of the rotor tooth end is larger than that of the stator tooth end.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two ends of the rotor tooth end part are respectively provided with a chamfer near the stator tooth end part.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator and the rotor are both made of silicon steel sheet laminations, and the basic structure thereof is a 6N/4N tooth structure, i.e. the number of teeth of the stator is 6N, and the number of teeth of the rotor is 4N.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stator poles are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, and the distribution interval is 360 ° per 6N, where 6N is the number of stator poles, and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotor poles on both sides of the rotor yoke are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, where the distribution interval is one rotor pole pitch 360 °/4N, where 4N is the number of rotor poles, and N is 1, 2, 3, 4.
According to the special-shaped rotor pole double salient brushless direct current excitation motor and the generator, the end part of the rotor pole tooth is in fan-shaped expansion relative to the end part of the stator pole tooth, so that the torque fluctuation during low rotating speed is greatly reduced, and the negative torque is eliminated. The basic working principle is that when the end part of the rotor pole tooth expands in a sector shape, the front edge of the expanded rotor pole enters the end part of the stator pole tooth in advance, so that the positive positioning torque of the doubly salient motor starts to rise in advance (10 in fig. 3), and the effect of increasing the motor torque is generated. The expanded rear edge of the rotor pole can actively counteract torque increase due to the fact that the rear edge of the rotor pole is delayed to leave the tooth end of the stator pole, the purpose of delaying the phase of the rising edge of the positive positioning torque is achieved (the position is marked with the reference number 11 in the figure 3), the peak value of the positive positioning torque is reduced, and the effect of reducing the peak value of torque fluctuation is achieved (see figure 5). In the same principle, the negative positioning torque recovers to rise in advance when the front edge of the rotor pole does not reach the valley bottom due to the expansion of the front edge of the rotor pole (at the reference numeral 12 in fig. 3), so that the valley value of the negative positioning torque is reduced, and the negative torque is eliminated while the peak value of the torque fluctuation is reduced. The extended rear edge of the rotor pole can actively counteract the increase of the negative positioning torque (13 in fig. 3) because the extended rear edge of the rotor pole is delayed from leaving the tooth end of the stator pole, so that the rising time of the negative positioning torque is prolonged, and the effect of increasing the average torque of the motor is generated.
Furthermore, chamfers are respectively added at the front end and the rear end of the expanded rotor pole, so that the torque fluctuation of the doubly salient motor is more gentle when the leading edge of the rotor pole enters the end part of the stator pole tooth in advance (at the position of 15 in fig. 4) and when the trailing edge of the rotor pole leaves the end part of the stator pole tooth in a delay manner (at the position of 16 in fig. 4) (see fig. 4), and the effects of improving the output torque fluctuation and reducing the fluctuation frequency are achieved.
The special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and the generator greatly improve the problems of large torque fluctuation and negative torque fluctuation of the traditional double salient pole motor or the generator at low rotating speed while improving the torque output capacity, clear obstacles for the application of the special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and the generator in the field of new energy automobile driving or power generation, fully exert the characteristics of simple and reliable structure, high efficiency and suitability for high rotating speed of the motor, and have wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of stator, rotor and winding structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2(1) is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection between the field winding and the armature winding of the generator of the present invention;
FIG. 2(2) is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection between the field winding and the armature winding of the motor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform of the positioning torque before and after the rotor teeth are expanded;
FIG. 4 is a waveform of positioning torque before and after the rotor teeth are expanded and chamfered;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the output torque of the motor before and after the rotor pole arc is expanded.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention includes:
a brushless direct-current excitation motor with special-shaped rotor poles and double salient poles comprises a stator 6 and a rotor 5 without windings, wherein an armature winding 3 and an excitation winding 4 are sleeved on the stator, when the brushless direct-current excitation motor is electrified, a three-phase armature winding generates torsional magnetic force through IGBT control, the torsional magnetic force is used as output torque when a driving machine is driven, rotor pole teeth are designed to be fan-shaped, and the width of the end part 2 of each rotor pole tooth is larger than that of the end part 1 of each stator pole tooth.
Furthermore, chamfers are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor pole tooth end part 2 close to the stator pole tooth end part 1, so that the torque fluctuation of the doubly salient motor is more gentle when the front edge of the rotor pole enters the stator pole tooth end part 1 in advance (at the position of 15 in fig. 4) and when the rear edge of the rotor pole leaves the stator pole tooth end part 1 in a delay manner (at the position of 16 in fig. 4) (see fig. 4), and the effects of improving the output torque fluctuation and reducing the fluctuation frequency are achieved.
The embodiment is a stator and rotor structure with a three-phase 12/8 tooth structure. Wherein, the rotor tooth width is 16.5 degrees, is 10 percent (1.5 degrees) wider than the stator tooth width 15 degrees, and the stator tooth pole width is 30 degrees mechanical angle. Concentrated armature windings 3 are sleeved on each stator tooth pole, and each excitation winding 4 spans three stator teeth and is arranged in a large groove.
The connection mode of the armature windings 3 of the stator is shown in the attached figure 2 (2). Armature windings 3 on two opposite teeth on a stator 6 are connected in series in the forward direction to form a phase, and three-phase windings of A-X, B-Y and C-Z are formed. When the three-phase winding is used as a motor, see the attached figure 2(2), the three-phase winding is controlled by the IGBT array to generate torque output.
The variation curve of the cogging torque of the doubly salient motor in the mechanical angle range of 360 degrees is shown in fig. 3, and the comparison of the cogging torque variation before and after the rotor pole is extended by 10% (1.5 degrees) is given. Since the rotor pole front is extended forward by 5% (0.75 °), the positive cogging torque occurs earlier at a mechanical angle of 100 ° (reference numeral 10), 7.5 ° earlier than when the rotor teeth are not extended. Because the rear edge of the rotor pole is also expanded backwards by 5% (0.75 degrees) and is delayed from the stator teeth, the positive positioning torque is pulled down (marked by 11) at the mechanical angle of 115 degrees and then continuously ascends again, and the peak value of the positive positioning torque is reached after 5 degrees compared with the peak value of the positive positioning torque of the rotor teeth under the condition that the rotor teeth are not expanded, so that the peak value of the positive positioning torque is reduced by 1.4 Nm.
In the same mechanism, the negative positioning torque reversely rises in advance (reference numeral 12), the valley phase of the negative positioning torque is 7.5 degrees earlier than that when the rotor teeth are not expanded, so that the absolute value of the valley value of the negative positioning torque is reduced by 2.6Nm, the peak-to-peak fluctuation of the output torque of the rotor is reduced, and the negative torque output of the rotor can be eliminated. As the rear edge of the rotor pole is also expanded backwards by 5 percent, the rising process of the negative positioning torque is reduced (13), the rising time of the negative positioning torque is prolonged, and the average output torque of the rotor is improved.
FIG. 4 shows the detent torque curves before and after chamfering for the extended stator tooth width. It can be seen that the negative positioning torque changes more gradually after the addition of the chamfer (reference numerals 15, 16). This results in less rotor output torque jitter.
Fig. 5 shows a comparison of the actual test output torque of the motor before and after the rotor pole arc expansion. It can be seen that at low motor speeds (100 rpm), the torque ripple is reduced by approximately 17.7% and the valley of output torque (8.2Nm) is further away from zero torque. Along with the increase of the rotating speed of the motor, the fluctuation of the output torque is gradually reduced, and the improvement proportion of the fluctuation of the output torque of the motor is gradually reduced after the rotor pole arc is expanded.
Example 2
Furthermore, chamfers are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor pole tooth end part 2 close to the stator pole tooth end part 1, so that the torque fluctuation of the doubly salient generator is more gentle (see fig. 4) when the front edge of the rotor pole enters the stator pole tooth end part 1 in advance (at the position of 15 in fig. 4) and when the rear edge of the rotor pole leaves the stator pole tooth end part 1 in a delay manner (at the position of 16 in fig. 4), and the effects of improving the output torque fluctuation and reducing the fluctuation frequency are achieved.
The embodiment is also a stator and rotor structure with a three-phase 12/8 tooth structure. Wherein, the rotor tooth width is 16.5 degrees, is 10 percent (1.5 degrees) wider than the stator tooth width 15 degrees, and the stator tooth pole width is 30 degrees mechanical angle. Concentrated armature windings 3 are sleeved on each stator tooth pole, and each excitation winding 4 spans three stator teeth and is arranged in a large groove.
The connection mode of the armature windings of the stator is shown in the attached figure 2 (1). Armature windings on two opposite teeth on the stator 6 are connected in series in the forward direction to form a phase, and three-phase windings of A-X, B-Y and C-Z are formed. When the three-phase winding is used as a generator, see attached figure 2(1), the three-phase winding sends out constant direct current through a diode rectifying circuit.
The variation curve of the cogging torque of the doubly salient generator in the mechanical angle range of 360 degrees is shown in fig. 3, and the comparison of the cogging torque variation before and after the rotor pole is extended by 10% (1.5 degrees) is given. Since the rotor pole front is extended forward by 5% (0.75 °), the positive cogging torque occurs earlier at a mechanical angle of 100 ° (reference numeral 10), 7.5 ° earlier than when the rotor teeth are not extended. Because the rear edge of the rotor pole is also expanded backwards by 5% (0.75 degrees) and is delayed from the stator teeth, the positive positioning torque is pulled down (marked by 11) at the mechanical angle of 115 degrees and then continuously ascends again, and the peak value of the positive positioning torque is reached after 5 degrees compared with the peak value of the positive positioning torque of the rotor teeth under the condition that the rotor teeth are not expanded, so that the peak value of the positive positioning torque is reduced by 1.4 Nm.
In the same mechanism, the negative positioning torque reversely rises in advance (reference numeral 12), the valley phase of the negative positioning torque is 7.5 degrees earlier than that when the rotor teeth are not expanded, so that the absolute value of the valley value of the negative positioning torque is reduced by 2.6Nm, the peak-to-peak fluctuation of the output torque of the rotor is reduced, and the negative torque output of the rotor can be eliminated. As the rear edge of the rotor pole is also expanded backwards by 5 percent, the rising process of the negative positioning torque is reduced (13), the rising time of the negative positioning torque is prolonged, and the average output torque of the rotor is improved.
Fig. 4 shows the detent torque curves before and after the stator tooth width is expanded and the chamfer angle is added. It can be seen that the negative positioning torque changes more gradually after the addition of the chamfer (reference numerals 15, 16). This results in less rotor output torque jitter.
Fig. 5 shows a comparison of the actual test output torque of the generator before and after rotor pole arc extension. It can be seen that at low generator speeds (100 rpm), the torque ripple is reduced by approximately 17.7% and the valley of output torque (8.2Nm) is further away from zero torque. Along with the increase of the rotating speed of the generator, the fluctuation of the output torque is gradually reduced, and the improvement proportion of the fluctuation of the output torque of the generator is gradually reduced after the rotor pole arc is expanded.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010156851.0A CN111211629A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010156851.0A CN111211629A (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113922530A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Concentrated excitation doubly salient motor with excitation winding cooling function |
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| JP2007143286A (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-06-07 | Mitsuba Corp | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN102130564A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-07-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Four-phase double salient motor |
| JP2017063549A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 株式会社ミツバ | Switched reluctance motor and electric cart |
| CN109687675A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-26 | 苏州达思灵新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of axial arrangement double salient-pole electric machine |
| CN209516763U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-10-18 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Double salient-pole electric machine stator heat radiation structure |
| CN209593113U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-11-05 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Double salient-pole electric machine rotor structure |
| CN211790994U (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-10-27 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator |
-
2020
- 2020-03-09 CN CN202010156851.0A patent/CN111211629A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007143286A (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2007-06-07 | Mitsuba Corp | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN102130564A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-07-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Four-phase double salient motor |
| JP2017063549A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 株式会社ミツバ | Switched reluctance motor and electric cart |
| CN109687675A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-26 | 苏州达思灵新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of axial arrangement double salient-pole electric machine |
| CN209516763U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-10-18 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Double salient-pole electric machine stator heat radiation structure |
| CN209593113U (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-11-05 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Double salient-pole electric machine rotor structure |
| CN211790994U (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-10-27 | 苏州达思灵电机有限公司 | Special-shaped rotor pole double salient pole brushless direct current excitation motor and generator |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113922530A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Concentrated excitation doubly salient motor with excitation winding cooling function |
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