CN111211000B - Thermally charged supercapacitor with nanoparticle electrolyte - Google Patents
Thermally charged supercapacitor with nanoparticle electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN111211000B CN111211000B CN202010015939.0A CN202010015939A CN111211000B CN 111211000 B CN111211000 B CN 111211000B CN 202010015939 A CN202010015939 A CN 202010015939A CN 111211000 B CN111211000 B CN 111211000B
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal charging super capacitor of a nanoparticle electrolyte, which comprises an electrode, an electrolyte solution and a salt bridge, wherein the electrolyte solution contains nanoparticles. The invention can store electricity in the form of surface charge while performing thermoelectric conversion, and can perform charging and discharging simultaneously. After the nano particles with corresponding mass fractions are added, the thermal diffusion coefficient of electrolyte ions can be greatly enhanced, and the uniform distribution of the temperature of a hot end is improved, so that the performance of the hot charging super capacitor is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermoelectric conversion, and particularly relates to a thermal charging super capacitor using a nano particle electrolyte solution.
Background
With the large exploitation and consumption of fossil energy by human beings, the energy crisis gradually becomes the focus of international social attention. The utilization of various residual heat and solar heat is one of the important methods for improving energy structures and energy crisis. But is also an important challenge at the present stage. On one hand, the waste heat resources are everywhere and are not very sufficient, including waste heat in industrial production processes, waste heat of engines, solar heat and the like, if the waste heat resources can be harvested and utilized, the energy efficiency is greatly improved, and on the other hand, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the traditional technology is lower in the waste heat utilization efficiency no matter a direct method based on the Seebeck effect or an indirect method using an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) machine. A novel thermoelectric conversion device is proposed: the thermally charged supercapacitor can achieve high efficiency in waste heat utilization. The thermal charging super capacitor is composed of two traditional half super capacitors, and the two parts are respectively placed in electrolyte containers with different temperatures and connected through a salt bridge. The diffusion of ions is driven by the temperature difference, so that the surface charge density of the hot-end electrode is lower than that of the cold end, and a potential difference is generated. However, how to increase the finally obtained open-circuit voltage is a key problem for thermoelectric conversion utilization by the thermally charged super capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal charging super capacitor of a nano particle electrolyte to improve the thermoelectric conversion performance of the thermal charging super capacitor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a thermal charging super capacitor of a nanoparticle electrolyte comprises electrodes, an electrolyte solution and a salt bridge, wherein the electrolyte solution contains nanoparticles.
The electrolyte solution is composed of a base solution containing nanoparticles.
The nano particles are metal or nonmetal nano particles.
The nanoparticles are non-porous or porous nanoparticles.
The nanoparticles have thermal conductivity.
The particle size of the nanoparticles is 1-100 nm.
The base liquid is an organic system or an aqueous electrolyte solution.
In the electrolyte solution, the mass fraction of the nano particles is 0.01-30%.
Has the advantages that: the thermal charging super capacitor of the nano particle electrolyte can store electricity in the form of surface charge while performing thermoelectric conversion, and can be charged and discharged simultaneously. By adding the nano particles, not only the diffusion coefficient of ions is improved, but also the uniformity of temperature is improved. Compared with a system without adding the nano particle electrolyte, the open-circuit voltage is greatly improved, so that the performance of the thermal charging super capacitor in waste heat, industrial waste heat and solar heat utilization is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention; in the figure: 1-nanoparticles, 2-thermal electrolyte solution, 3-cold electrolyte solution, 4-ion exchange membrane, 5-load;
FIG. 3 is the open circuit voltage of the system at different temperature differentials;
FIG. 4 is an open circuit voltage of a system with the same mass fraction of nanocarbon and nanocopper added;
fig. 5 shows the open circuit voltage of the system with different mass fractions of nanocarbon added at different temperature differences.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
The principle of the nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor can store electricity as surface charges while performing thermoelectric conversion, and can be charged and discharged simultaneously. By adding the nano particles, on one hand, the diffusion coefficient of ions is improved, more ions move from the hot end to the cold end under the driving of temperature difference, so that the surface charge density of the hot end electrode is lower than that of the cold end electrode, a larger potential difference is generated, and a higher system open-circuit voltage is obtained; on the other hand, the response time of the temperature is prolonged, so that the time for the hot end temperature to reach stability is shortened, the hot end temperature is uniformly distributed, the charging time is shortened, and the charging and discharging speed is increased. Thereby improving the performance of the system in waste heat, industrial waste heat and solar heat utilization.
Fig. 2 shows a typical nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor of the present invention, which includes a thermal electrolyte solution 2 and a cold electrolyte solution 3, wherein the thermal electrolyte solution 2 and the cold electrolyte solution 3 both contain nanoparticles 1, an ion exchange membrane 4 is disposed between the thermal electrolyte solution 2 and the cold electrolyte solution 3, electrodes are disposed in the thermal electrolyte solution 2 and the cold electrolyte solution 3, and a load 5 is connected between the electrodes through a lead.
In the invention, different types of nanoparticles and different mass fractions of nanoparticles are added to obtain different ion diffusion coefficients of the electrolyte solution, so that open-circuit voltages of the system under different conditions and at different temperature differences are obtained, and the invention is verified through the following experiments.
Example 1:
the thermal charging super capacitor of the nano particle electrolyte comprises the following specific embodiments:
respectively placing two traditional semi-super capacitors in a container filled with electrolyte solution, heating the container at one end, and setting the temperature of a cold end to be T1Hot end temperature of T2By changing T1And T2Different temperature differences can be obtained. And when the temperature difference is stable, reading the open-circuit voltage of the system at different temperature differences. The results show that the larger the temperature difference, the larger the open circuit voltage measured by the system is as shown in fig. 3.
Example 2:
the thermal charging super capacitor of the nano particle electrolyte comprises the following specific embodiments:
respectively placing two traditional semi-super capacitors in a container filled with electrolyte solution, heating the container at one end, and setting the temperature of a cold end to be T1Hot end temperature of T2By changing T1And T2Different temperature differences can be obtained. And when the temperature difference is stable, reading the open-circuit voltage of the system at different temperature differences. Respectively adding the same mass into hot-end electrolyte solution
Comparing the open circuit voltage obtained by the system without the nano particles with the open circuit voltage obtained by the system with the nano copper>System for adding nano carbon>Is not addedA system of nanoparticles, as shown in figure 4.
Example 3:
the thermal charging super capacitor of the nano particle electrolyte comprises the following specific embodiments:
respectively placing two traditional semi-super capacitors in a container filled with electrolyte solution, heating the container at one end, and setting the temperature of a cold end to be T1Hot end temperature of T2By changing T1And T2Different temperature differences can be obtained. And when the temperature difference is stable, the open-circuit voltage of the system under different temperature differences is read by using the data acquisition system. Respectively adding the mass fraction of the hot-end electrolyte solution
And
the obtained open circuit voltage for different nanoparticle concentrations and different temperature differences is shown in fig. 5. There is an optimum value of 0.7% for the mass fraction of nanoparticles added. Because the diffusion coefficient of ions increases with the addition of nanoparticles at lower nanoparticle concentrations and decreases with the addition of nanoparticles at higher nanoparticle concentrations.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A thermal charging supercapacitor of a nanoparticle electrolyte, characterized in that: comprises electrodes, electrolyte solution and salt bridges, wherein the electrolyte solution comprises thermal electrolyte solution and cold electrolyte solution, both the thermal electrolyte solution and the cold electrolyte solution contain nano particles, and the temperature of the cold electrolyte solution is
The temperature of the pyroelectric electrolyte solution is
，＜
An ion exchange membrane is arranged between the thermal electrolyte solution and the cold electrolyte solution, and electrodes are arranged in the thermal electrolyte solution and the cold electrolyte solution; in the electrolyte solution, the mass fraction of the nanoparticles is 0.7%.
2. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte solution is composed of a base solution containing nanoparticles.
3. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nano particles are metal or nonmetal nano particles.
4. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nanoparticles are non-porous or porous nanoparticles.
5. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nanoparticles have thermal conductivity.
6. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the particle size of the nanoparticles is 1-100 nm.
7. The nanoparticle electrolyte thermally charged supercapacitor according to claim 2, wherein: the base liquid is an organic system or an aqueous electrolyte solution.
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| CN202010015939.0A CN111211000B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Thermally charged supercapacitor with nanoparticle electrolyte |
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| CN202010015939.0A CN111211000B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Thermally charged supercapacitor with nanoparticle electrolyte |
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| CN111211000A CN111211000A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111211000B true CN111211000B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112735852B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Thermoelectric conversion and electricity storage integrated system and method based on hybrid supercapacitor |
| CN116190694B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2024-02-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Calcium ion group thermoelectric conversion and energy storage system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4061505A (en) * | 1971-10-08 | 1977-12-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Rare-earth-metal-based thermoelectric compositions |
| JPH0759371A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1995-03-03 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Method and equipment for generation of energy |
| CN1572007A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-01-26 | 微涂技术股份有限公司 | Tunable capacitors using fluid dielectrics |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6344271B1 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2002-02-05 | Nanoenergy Corporation | Materials and products using nanostructured non-stoichiometric substances |
| US9558894B2 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2017-01-31 | Fastcap Systems Corporation | Advanced electrolyte systems and their use in energy storage devices |
| US10650967B2 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2020-05-12 | L. Pierre de Rochemont | Resonant high energy density storage device |
| WO2019120509A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | Termo-Ind S.A. | Active material and electric power generator containing it |
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- 2020-01-08 CN CN202010015939.0A patent/CN111211000B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4061505A (en) * | 1971-10-08 | 1977-12-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Rare-earth-metal-based thermoelectric compositions |
| JPH0759371A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1995-03-03 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Method and equipment for generation of energy |
| CN1572007A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-01-26 | 微涂技术股份有限公司 | Tunable capacitors using fluid dielectrics |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
| Title |
|---|
| Effects of ion concentration on thermally-chargeable double-layer supercapacitors;Hyuck Lim等;《Nanotechnology》;20131022;第24卷;文献号465401 * |
| Electrochemical characterization of carbon nanotube and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) composite aqueous electrolyte for thermo-electrochemical cells;Ali H. Kazim 等;《Journal of The Electrochemical Society》;20160607;第163卷;第F867-F871页 * |
| Enhanced thermo-electrochemical power using carbon nanotube additives in ionic liquid redox electrolytes;Salazar, Pablo F.等;《JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A》;20141030;第2卷;第20676-20682页论文摘要及正文部分 * |
| Performance of thermally-chargeable supercapacitors in different solvents;Hyuck Lim 等;《Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys.》;20140508;第16卷;第12728-12730页论文摘要及正文部分 * |
| Thermally chargeable supercapacitor using a conjugated conducting polymer Insight into the mechanism of charge-discharge cycle;Xinming Wu 等;《Chemical Engineering Journal》;20190514;第373卷;第493-500页 * |
| Thermally chargeable supercapacitor working in a homogeneous, changing temperature field;Hyuck Lim等;《Appl. Phys. A》;20160322;第122卷;文献号443 * |
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