CN111209132A - Embedded system, power failure protection method, electronic device and storage medium - Google Patents
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/0703—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
- G06F11/0706—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment
- G06F11/0736—Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation the processing taking place on a specific hardware platform or in a specific software environment in functional embedded systems, i.e. in a data processing system designed as a combination of hardware and software dedicated to performing a certain function
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F16/10—File systems; File servers
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- G06F16/1805—Append-only file systems, e.g. using logs or journals to store data
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention discloses an embedded system, a power failure protection method, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The system comprises an embedded operating system, a file system and a memory, and also comprises: the log file is defined in a file system and comprises a power failure identification area and a data recording area, wherein the power failure identification area is used for marking a power failure protection state, and the data recording area is used for backing up written data; the data recording area stores the written data one by one according to time sequence and generates a plurality of records, wherein each record comprises data and a label of the data, and the label is used for identifying the attribute information of each data; the attribute information comprises a memory type, a storage target ID, an operation type and an operation length, and the data is valid data to be written into a target address of a target memory. The data power-fail protection is carried out based on the log information, all write operation data on the equipment are backed up, and the omnibearing power-fail protection of the embedded equipment can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of flash memory technologies, and in particular, to an embedded system, a power down protection method, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
An Embedded system (Embedded system) is a special purpose computer system that is fully Embedded inside a controlled device and designed for a specific application. In hardware, it is generally composed of an embedded microprocessor, a memory, a general-purpose device interface, and an I/O interface. With the development of the internet of things technology, an embedded system has been applied to various fields such as industrial control, traffic management, communication networks, intelligent home appliances, environmental monitoring, aerospace and the like.
The commonly used memories generally include an EEPROM, a NorFlash and a NandFlash, and the memories have the characteristics of high reading and writing speed, low energy consumption, low possibility of loss and high requirement on the voltage of the operating environment, and are widely used in embedded products, particularly embedded terminal products such as mobile phones, PDAs, set top boxes and the like.
When the embedded product is used, the phenomenon of power failure of equipment can be avoided due to the reasons of battery power exhaustion, poor collision contact, unstable voltage or removal of a power supply and the like. The abnormal power failure can cause the data in the memory to be damaged, especially, the power failure occurs during the write operation, only part of the data can be updated, the data in the memory becomes a part which is new, the part which is old, and the data is messed. If the key data is damaged and the state of the memory is abnormal, the whole equipment cannot be started, and the consequences are very serious.
For this situation, there are three main methods currently used by embedded devices. The first method is to externally connect a standby power supply (such as a UPS), and when the power is cut off, the power supply is switched to the standby power supply, so as to ensure that the power of the embedded device is uninterrupted. The second method is to use a super capacitor to store the power, which can only keep the device working for a few seconds, and when the power is off, release the stored power to save the data in the memory. The third method is to backup the data during write operation, and restore the data after powering on again.
The former two methods increase the cost of equipment, and are complex to implement, and the third method is mostly adopted. However, the backup is generally performed based on a specific memory, the backup is performed based on a driver, and the backup is performed based on a current write operation. If a transaction is processed, multi-step writing operation is performed, and writing of various memories is involved, the common method can only backup the data currently written in the current memory when power is off, and power failure recovery can only recover partial data, so that the service data has new data and old data, and the service state of the whole equipment may not be uniform.
Therefore, a power failure protection method for embedded system data is needed to be provided, so that the integrity and stability of the embedded device data are enhanced, the problem of incomplete data caused by abnormal power failure of various memories in the embedded device is avoided, and the problem of data disorder caused by power failure during storage of multiple groups of discontinuous data is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an embedded system, a power failure protection method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which can be used for enhancing the integrity and stability of embedded equipment data, and avoiding the problem of incomplete data caused by abnormal power failure of various memories in the embedded equipment and the problem of data disorder caused by power failure during storage of multiple groups of discontinuous data.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an embedded system, which includes an embedded operating system, a file system, and a memory, and further includes:
the log file is defined in the file system and comprises a power failure identification area and a data recording area, wherein the power failure identification area is used for marking a power failure protection state, and the data recording area is used for backing up written data;
the data recording area stores the data written each time one by one according to time sequence and generates a plurality of records, wherein each record comprises data and a label of the data, and the label is used for identifying the attribute information of each data;
the attribute information comprises a memory type, a storage target ID, an operation type and an operation length, and the data is valid data to be written into a target address of a target memory.
Optionally, the memory types include direct memory items and file memory items;
the direct memory items comprise NorFlash, EEPROM and NandFlash;
the file storage items include FAT files, NFS files, and JFFS files.
Optionally, the storage type further includes a record check item, where the record check item is a last record in the recording area and is used to mark a data item for checking whether all data records are correctly stored and completing data backup.
Optionally, the method of checking all data records includes a CRC data checking method.
Optionally, the system further comprises an ID-file mapping table, where the ID-file mapping table includes the memory types and the storage target IDs, and one of the memory types and one of the storage target IDs form a unique identifier corresponding to a target address in a target memory.
Optionally, when the storage type is the file storage item, different files or directories correspond to different storage target IDs;
when the memory type is a direct storage item, the storage target ID is a fixed value.
Optionally, the operation types include data update, directory creation, directory deletion, file creation, file deletion, address setting, and calculation check.
The invention also provides a data power-down protection method based on the embedded system, which comprises the following steps:
when transaction processing of a write operation is started, the following power down protection steps are executed, including:
step 101: marking the power failure protection state of the power failure identification area in the log file as a protection state;
step 102: writing data into the recording area of the log file for multiple times one by one;
step 103: ending the transaction processing of the write operation, verifying each data record written into the recording area, and generating a record verification item;
step 104: analyzing the log file, and updating the data records in the recording area to the target address of a target memory one by one according to the memory type, the storage target ID and the ID-file mapping table of each data record;
step 105: updating the ID-file mapping table;
step 106: deleting all data records in the recording area of the log file;
step 107: modifying the state of the protection identification area into a protection ending state to finish power failure protection;
when the system is powered on again, the following power failure recovery steps are executed, including:
step 201: checking the state of the log protection identification area, and if the log protection identification area is in the end protection state, not performing any processing;
step 202: if the log is in the protection state, checking whether the last record of the log is a data check item;
203: if the data check item is not the data check item, executing steps S106-S107 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery;
step 204: if the data check item is the data check item, calculating a check value of the data check item, and comparing the check value with a stored check value;
step 205: if the check values are consistent, executing steps S104-S107 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery;
step 206: and if the check values are not consistent, executing S206-S207 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery.
The present invention also proposes an electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for power down protection of data of an embedded system described above.
The present invention also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the above-mentioned data power-down protection method of an embedded system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention carries out data protection based on log information, backups the type of a storage medium, the operation type, the address of the data, the length of the data and the data content, can backup all write operation data on equipment, and the backed-up data is effective information without redundant information, thereby realizing omnibearing power failure protection of embedded equipment.
The embedded device is subjected to power failure protection from the transaction angle, and only one log file is used for backing up data of various writing operations, so that the consistency of the data in the transaction processing process is ensured, and the reliability and the integrity of the embedded device are improved.
The apparatus of the present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
FIG. 1 illustrates a format diagram of a log file in an embedded system according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a power down protection flow chart in a power down protection method for embedded system data according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a power failure recovery flow chart in a power failure protection method for embedded system data according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 illustrates a format diagram of a log file in an embedded system according to one embodiment of the invention.
The embedded system according to the invention comprises an embedded operating system, a file system and a memory, and also comprises:
the log file is defined in a file system and comprises a power failure identification area and a data recording area, wherein the power failure identification area is used for marking a power failure protection state, and the data recording area is used for backing up written data;
the data recording area stores the written data one by one according to time sequence and generates a plurality of records, wherein each record comprises data and a label of the data, and the label is used for identifying the attribute information of each data;
the attribute information comprises a memory type, a storage target ID, an operation type and an operation length, and the data is valid data to be written into a target address of a target memory.
Specifically, the log file is defined to be divided into two areas: an identification area and a recording area. The identification area divides the backed-up data into a protection state and a protection ending state, and the initialization state of the identification area is the protection ending state; the recording area stores data of multiple writing operations of the device and is recorded in stripes according to the sequence of actual operations. Each record is divided into two parts: a tag and data. The label is attribute information of the identification record, the length is fixed, and the content comprises a storage type, a target ID, an operation type and an operation length; the data is the updated valid data, and the data length is specified by the operation length of the tag. The invention improves the method for backing up data, and can back up all write operation data on the equipment based on the data protection of log information, the type of the storage medium, the operation type, the address of the data, the length of the data and the data content, and the backed up data is effective information and has no redundant information, thereby realizing the omnibearing power failure protection of the embedded equipment.
In the present embodiment, the memory type includes a direct storage item and a file storage item; the direct memory items comprise NorFlash, EEPROM and NandFlash; the file storage items include FAT files, NFS files, and JFFS files. The storage type also comprises a record check item which is the last record in the recording area and is used for marking the data item for checking whether all data records are correctly stored and finishing data backup. The method of checking all data records includes a CRC data checking method.
Specifically, there are 3 major classes of storage types: direct storage entries, file storage entries, and record check entries. The first two items can be divided into a plurality of subclasses, for example, the direct storage items are divided into NorFlash, EEPROM, NandFlash and the like, the file storage items are divided into FAT files, NFS, JFFS and the like, and the classification includes but is not limited to the above classification modes. The record check item is the last record of the power failure protection log, and is the check of all the previous records, so as to ensure that all the recorded data are correctly stored, and the data backup is completed.
In this embodiment, the mapping table further includes an ID-file mapping table, where the ID-file mapping table includes a memory type and a storage target ID, and one memory type and one storage target ID form a unique identifier corresponding to a target address in one target memory.
Wherein, when the memory type is a file storage item, different files or directories correspond to different storage target IDs; when the memory type is a direct storage item, the storage target ID is a fixed value.
Specifically, the storage type + target ID constitutes a unique identifier to identify the target. For the file storage class, the target ID is an identifier associated with a file, different files and directories correspond to different IDs, the mapping table is uniformly maintained by the system, and the target IDs of other storage types are set to fixed values (such as full FF).
In this embodiment, the operation types include data update, directory creation, directory deletion, file creation, file deletion, address setting, and calculation verification.
Specifically, the operation type may be selected from different types according to the storage type, such as: data updates, directory creation, directory deletion, file creation, file deletion, setting addresses, calculating checks, and the like, including but not limited to the above categories.
In an implementation manner, when a specific transaction is completed, data is generally written in multiple times, the data are stored in different addresses of different memories, a first piece of data is written in a log file, then a second piece of data is written in the log file … … until all data are written in the log file, then the log file is analyzed, and the data are written in a target memory, so that the processing of the whole transaction is realized.
The specific process of power-down protection is shown in fig. 2:
step S101, starting transaction processing, modifying the state of the log protection identification area to be a protection state, and indicating the start of power failure protection;
step S102, determining the storage type, the target ID, the operation type, the operation length and the field information of the valid data of the record, and writing the record into a log file. Repeating the step S102 until all data are written into the log file;
step S103, ending the transaction processing, calculating the check value of the previous log record, and recording the content of the check data item into a log file;
step S104, analyzing the log record data, executing the write-in operation of the log record one by one, updating the data to the target address of the target memory, and finishing the transaction;
step S105, updating the mapping table of the ID-file;
and step S106, deleting each record in the log file data area.
Step S107, modifying the state of the protection identification area into a protection ending state, and finishing power failure protection;
when the device is powered on again, the system will check the power failure protection state and execute power failure recovery, as shown in fig. 3, the steps are as follows:
step 201, checking the state of the log protection identification area, and if the log protection identification area is in the end protection state, not performing any processing;
step 202, if the log is in the protection state, checking the last record of the log, and judging whether the last record is a data check item;
step 203, if the log record is not the data check item, the log record is not completely stored, and steps S106 to S107 in the power failure protection process are executed to complete power failure recovery;
step 204, if the data check item is the data check item, calculating a check value, and comparing the check value with the stored check value;
step 205, if the check values are consistent, the log is indicated to have power failure after all records are correctly stored, and steps S104-S107 in the power failure protection process are executed to complete power failure recovery;
and step 206, if the check values are not consistent, indicating that the power failure occurs in the check item storage process, executing S106-S107 in the power failure protection process, and completing power failure recovery.
Specifically, data is backed up in a log mode by using a file, and when all writing operations are backed up, the data is written into a target memory; the log file records the state information of power failure protection, when the backup data is determined, the equipment is in a protection state, and when the data is written into a target memory, the equipment is in a protection ending state; the log takes the write-in operation for many times as a plurality of records for data backup, and each record comprises the type of a memory and the type of operation, so that all the write-in operation in the embedded system can be covered; the system gives a unique ID number to each target, and the type + ID forms a unique identifier of the storage target; the check item is used as a special storage type, and check values of all records in the log are recorded, so that the system is ensured to finish data backup; and powering on again, checking the power failure protection state and the check item, confirming the integrity of the backup data, and if the backup data is incomplete, deleting the backup log record and recovering to the state before transaction processing. The method records the write-in operation of various memories in the embedded system by recording the backup data in the form of logs in the transaction processing process, realizes the omnibearing power failure protection of the embedded equipment and ensures the integrity and the reliability of the data. Meanwhile, the scheme of the invention is not only suitable for the data read-write method of the direct operation memory, but also suitable for the data read-write method established on various file systems.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for power down protection of data of an embedded system described above.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the above-mentioned method for protecting data of an embedded system from power failure.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. An embedded system, comprising an embedded operating system, a file system and a memory, characterized in that it further comprises:
the log file is defined in the file system and comprises a power failure identification area and a data recording area, wherein the power failure identification area is used for marking a power failure protection state, and the data recording area is used for backing up written data;
the data recording area stores the data written each time one by one according to time sequence and generates a plurality of records, wherein each record comprises data and a label of the data, and the label is used for identifying the attribute information of each data;
the attribute information comprises a memory type, a storage target ID, an operation type and an operation length, and the data is valid data to be written into a target address of a target memory.
2. The embedded system of claim 1, wherein the memory types include direct storage items and file storage items;
the direct memory items comprise NorFlash, EEPROM and NandFlash;
the file storage items include FAT files, NFS files, and JFFS files.
3. The embedded system according to claim 1, wherein the storage type further comprises a record check entry, the record check entry being a last record in the recording area for marking a data entry for checking whether all data records are correctly stored and completing data backup.
4. The embedded system of claim 3, wherein the means for checking all data records comprises a CRC data checking means.
5. The embedded system of claim 2, further comprising an ID-file mapping table, the ID-file mapping table comprising the memory types and the storage target IDs, one of the memory types and one of the storage target IDs constituting a unique identifier corresponding to a target address in a target memory.
6. The embedded system of claim 5, wherein when the memory type is the file storage item, different files or directories correspond to different storage target IDs;
when the memory type is a direct storage item, the storage target ID is a fixed value.
7. The embedded system of claim 1, wherein the operation types include data update, directory creation, directory deletion, file creation, file deletion, setting an address, and computing a check.
8. A data power-down protection method based on the embedded system of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises:
when transaction processing of a write operation is started, the following power down protection steps are executed, including:
step 101: marking the power failure protection state of the power failure identification area in the log file as a protection state;
step 102: writing data into the recording area of the log file for multiple times one by one;
step 103: ending the transaction processing of the write operation, verifying each data record written into the recording area, and generating a record verification item;
step 104: analyzing the log file, and updating the data records in the recording area to the target address of a target memory one by one according to the memory type, the storage target ID and the ID-file mapping table of each data record;
step 105: updating the ID-file mapping table;
step 106: deleting all data records in the recording area of the log file;
step 107: modifying the state of the protection identification area into a protection ending state to finish power failure protection;
when the system is powered on again, the following power failure recovery steps are executed, including:
step 201: checking the state of the log protection identification area, and if the log protection identification area is in the end protection state, not performing any processing;
step 202: if the log is in the protection state, checking whether the last record of the log is a data check item;
203: if the data check item is not the data check item, executing steps S106-S107 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery;
step 204: if the data check item is the data check item, calculating a check value of the data check item, and comparing the check value with a stored check value;
step 205: if the check values are consistent, executing steps S104-S107 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery;
step 206: and if the check values are not consistent, executing S206-S207 in the power failure protection process to finish power failure recovery.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of embedded system data power down protection of claim 8.
10. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for data power down protection of an embedded system according to claim 8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114242125A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-25 | 珠海妙存科技有限公司 | NAND FLASH data power failure protection method, device and medium |
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