CN111208165A - Device and method for detecting fan blade damage based on infrared imaging technology - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting fan blade damage based on infrared imaging technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/22—Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
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- G06F18/241—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
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- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
Abstract
A device and a method for detecting fan blade damage based on an infrared imaging technology are disclosed, wherein the device comprises an infrared searchlight, an infrared lens, a grating array, an infrared detector, a photoelectric conversion circuit, an infrared image converter, a remote computer and a blade failure library, an infrared image for recording blade damage conditions is generated by continuously detecting infrared rays emitted by the infrared searchlight reflected by a fan blade, the infrared image is wirelessly transmitted to the remote computer, then the infrared image is compared with the fan blade failure library, the failure category and the damage degree of the fan blade are automatically judged by using a machine learning algorithm, and a damage evaluation value of the fan blade is transmitted to a duct operator, so that customized operation of fan blade maintenance is realized. The invention improves the existing fan blade maintenance method, namely, the damage condition of the fan blade is detected by using an infrared imaging technology, and the limitation of visible light shooting is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a device and a method for detecting fan blade damage based on an infrared imaging technology.
Background
Blades of wind power generators (hereinafter referred to as wind turbines) are important components for converting wind energy into electrical energy. During long-term operation of the fan, various damages are generated on the surface of the blade, such as blade cracking, blade paint falling, blade stains, lightning strike on the blade and the like.
The operation and maintenance personnel usually need to climb a fan or build a platform to check the surface condition of the blade, and the operation mode has low efficiency, high labor intensity, high-altitude operation of personnel and the like. At present, a method for detecting fan blade damage by using unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography appears in the market, the method can greatly reduce the labor intensity of operation and maintenance personnel, and has the characteristics of low operation cost, high working efficiency and the like of a single machine.
However, in the current market, the method for unmanned detection of the fan blade generally adopts visible light to shoot, the surface of the blade needs to be kept clean, and the long-term operation of the fan blade is difficult to keep the surface clean, so that the mode of shooting by using visible light has certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for detecting fan blade damage based on an infrared imaging technology, overcomes the defects of the prior art, solves the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity, high-altitude operation of required personnel and the like of the traditional fan blade maintenance mode, and can avoid the limitation that visible light shooting imaging needs to require the surface of the blade to be clean.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for detecting fan blade damage based on an infrared imaging technology comprises an infrared searchlight, an infrared lens, a grating array, an infrared detector, a photoelectric conversion circuit, an infrared image converter tube and a visible light image; the infrared searchlight launches infrared light to the fan blade, the infrared camera lens is used for receiving the infrared light after the fan blade reflection, the grating array is used for carrying out spotlight processing on the infrared light, the infrared detector is used for receiving the infrared light after spotlight and transmitting the infrared light to the photoelectric conversion circuit, the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting infrared signals into electric signals and generating infrared images for recording fan blade damage information, the infrared image converter tube is used for converting the infrared images into visible light images visible to human eyes, and the infrared images and the visible light images are transmitted to a remote computer through a wireless network and stored.
Preferably, the remote computer comprises an infrared image preprocessing module, the infrared image preprocessing module is used for preprocessing an infrared image and inputting the preprocessed infrared image into an infrared image target segmentation module, the infrared image target segmentation module is used for slicing the infrared image and selecting effective information and inputting the selected effective information into an infrared feature extraction module, and the infrared feature extraction module is used for screening effective features of fan blade information and inputting the screened effective features into an infrared image classification and identification module.
The invention also discloses a method for detecting fan blade damage based on the infrared imaging technology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) carrying the device for detecting damage of a fan blade of any one of claims 1-2 on the surface of the fan blade by an unmanned aerial vehicle platform;
step 2), emitting infrared rays by an infrared searchlight along the root to the blade tip or the blade tip to the root of the fan blade to perform searchlighting;
step 3) adjusting the visual angle of the infrared lens to enable the infrared lens to receive infrared light reflected by a fan blade area;
step 4), condensing the received infrared light by the grating array, then entering an infrared detector, irradiating the infrared light on a photoelectric conversion circuit, converting an infrared signal into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit, and generating an infrared image for recording fan blade damage information after the electric signal passes through the photoelectric conversion circuit;
step 5) storing the infrared image on a remote computer in a wireless network transmission mode;
step 6), the remote computer carries out preprocessing, feature extraction and classification on the received infrared images in sequence, and then carries out standard comparison with a blade failure library to judge the failure state of the fan blade;
and 7) outputting the damage degree of the blade according to the comparison result of the actual state of the blade and the blade failure library, and sending the damage degree to a wind power plant operation and maintenance worker to assist the wind power plant operation and maintenance worker in carrying out corresponding maintenance operation on the fan blade.
Preferably, the infrared image in the step 4) is converted into a visible light image visible to human eyes through an infrared image converter, and the visible light image and the infrared image are both stored on a remote computer in a wireless network transmission mode;
preferably, the step 6) comprises the steps of:
step 6.1), the remote computer inputs the received infrared image into an infrared image preprocessing module for reading, preprocessing the image addition and then inputs the infrared image into an infrared image target segmentation module;
step 6.2) the infrared image target segmentation module carries out image slicing and effective information selection operation and then inputs the image slices and the effective information into the infrared characteristic extraction module;
step 6.3) screening effective characteristics of fan blade information by an infrared characteristic extraction module, and inputting the effective characteristics to an infrared image classification and identification module to perform related classification and summarization on blade damage condition characteristics; and obtaining a defect characteristic picture of the fan blade.
Step 6.4) calling a blade failure library of a remote computer, performing machine training on a fan blade typical failure image of the blade failure library, and generating a clear and standard failure defect identification function through a plurality of groups of training results; and then comparing the defect characteristic picture of the fan blade obtained in the step 6.3) with the standard defect identification function of the blade failure library, and outputting the similarity degree of the comparison result as a blade failure score.
Preferably, the blade damage modes in the fan blade failure library comprise blade cracking, blade paint dropping, blade dirt and blade lightning strike.
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting fan blade damage based on an infrared imaging technology. The method has the following beneficial effects: the damage condition of the fan blade is detected through an infrared imaging technology, the strict requirement of visible light detection on the surface cleaning state of the fan blade is avoided, and the fan blade damage detection method is wider in applicability and higher in accuracy. The surface detection of the fan blade is automatically and accurately carried out by using the unmanned aerial vehicle, the detection precision is improved, and technical support is provided for the maintenance of the follow-up fan blade.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention or the prior art solutions, the drawings that are needed in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus for detecting damage to a fan blade according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the infrared imaging process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the damage evaluation work of the fan blade of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation corresponding to the fan blade score value of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:
1. an infrared searchlight; 2. an infrared lens; 3. a grating array; 4. an infrared detector; 5. a photoelectric conversion circuit; 6. infrared image; 7. an infrared image converter tube; 8. a visible light image; 9. a remote computer; 10. an infrared image preprocessing module; 11. an infrared image target segmentation module; 12. an infrared feature extraction module; 13. an infrared image classification and identification module; 14. a fan blade; 15. and a blade failure library.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, an apparatus for detecting damage to a fan blade based on an infrared imaging technology includes an infrared searchlight 1, an infrared lens 2, a grating array 3, an infrared detector 4, a photoelectric conversion circuit 5, an infrared image 6, an infrared image converter 7, and a visible light image 8; the infrared searchlight 1 emits infrared light to the fan blade 14, the reflected infrared light is incident into the infrared lens 2, the light is condensed by the grating array 3 and then enters the infrared detector 4, then the infrared light is irradiated on the photoelectric conversion circuit 5, the photoelectric conversion circuit 5 converts an infrared signal detected on the surface of the fan blade 14 into an electric signal, the electric signal generates an infrared image 6 for recording damage information of the fan blade 14 after passing through the photoelectric conversion circuit 5, so that the infrared imaging of the working state of the surface of the fan blade 14 is realized, the infrared image is used for judging and distinguishing subsequent fan blade damage types, and the infrared image 6 is input into an infrared image classification system for classification and summarization by the remote computer 9; wherein, remote computer 9 can arrange in booster station fortune dimension personnel office, and the fortune dimension personnel of being convenient for are transferred, are observed fan blade detection result.
In this embodiment, the infrared image 6 may be converted into a visible light image 8 visible to human eyes through the infrared image converter 26, the visible light image 8 and the infrared image 6 are both stored on the remote computer 9 in a wireless network transmission manner, and the visible light image 8 may be used by an operation and maintenance person to check the operation state of the fan blade at any time.
In the embodiment, the infrared image classification system comprises an infrared image preprocessing module 10, an infrared image target segmentation module 11, an infrared feature extraction module 12 and an infrared image classification and identification module 13, when the remote computer 9 works, the infrared image 6 generated by the fan blade is input to the infrared image preprocessing module 10, the infrared image preprocessing module 10 carries out preprocessing operations such as reading, image adding and the like on the infrared image and then inputs the infrared image to the infrared image target segmentation module 11, after the operations of image slicing, effective information selection and the like are carried out by the infrared image target segmentation module 11, the operations are input into the infrared characteristic extraction module 12, after the effective characteristics of the fan blade information are screened by the infrared characteristic extraction module 12, inputting the data into an infrared image classification and identification module 13, and performing related classification and summarization on the blade damage condition characteristics by the infrared image classification and identification module 13 by using a clustering algorithm in machine learning;
the infrared image classification and identification module 13 analyzes and processes the massive infrared images by using a clustering analysis algorithm in machine learning, so as to realize category aggregation of the infrared images of the fan blades.
In a second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-5, the invention further discloses a method for detecting damage to a fan blade based on an infrared imaging technology, which includes the following steps:
step 1), carrying the device for detecting the damage of the fan blade to the surface of the fan blade 14 by an unmanned aerial vehicle platform to realize close-range detection of the fan blade 14;
step 2), emitting infrared rays from the infrared searchlight 1 along the root to the blade tip or the blade tip to the root of the fan blade 14 for searchlighting;
step 3), adjusting the visual angle of the infrared lens 2 to enable the infrared lens to receive infrared light reflected by the fan blade 14 area;
step 4), condensing the received infrared light by the grating array 3, then entering an infrared detector 4, irradiating the infrared light on a photoelectric conversion circuit 5, converting an infrared signal into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit 5, and generating an infrared image 6 for recording damage information of the fan blade 1 after the electric signal passes through the photoelectric conversion circuit 5; thereby realizing the infrared imaging of the working state of the surface of the fan blade;
step 5) storing the infrared image 6 on a remote computer 9 in a wireless network transmission mode to realize the storage and calling of the fan blade image;
step 6), inputting the received infrared image 6 into an infrared image classification system by a remote computer 9, and sequentially carrying out preprocessing, feature extraction and classification and summarization to obtain a defect feature picture of the fan blade 14;
step 7) calling a blade failure library 15 of the remote computer 9, performing machine training on a fan blade typical failure image of the blade failure library 15, and generating a clear and standard failure defect identification function through a plurality of groups of training results; and then comparing the defect characteristic picture of the fan blade 14 obtained in the step 6) with the standard defect identification function of the blade failure library 15, and outputting the similarity degree of the comparison result as a blade failure score to a wind power plant operation and maintenance worker to assist the maintenance of the wind power plant operation and maintenance worker. The blade damage modes in the fan blade failure library 15 include blade cracking, blade paint removal, blade stains and blade lightning strike.
In step 6) of this embodiment, the infrared image classification system includes an infrared image preprocessing module 10, an infrared image target segmentation module 11, an infrared feature extraction module 12 and an infrared image classification recognition module 13, when in operation, the remote computer 9 inputs the infrared image 6 generated by the fan blade to the infrared image preprocessing module 10, the infrared image preprocessing module 10 performs preprocessing operations such as reading and image addition on the infrared image and then inputs the infrared image to the infrared image target segmentation module 11, the infrared image target segmentation module 11 performs operations such as image slicing and effective information selection and then inputs the infrared image to the infrared feature extraction module 12, the infrared feature extraction module 12 filters the effective features of the fan blade information and then inputs the effective features to the infrared image classification recognition module 13, the infrared image classification recognition module 13 performs related classification and summarization on the blade damage condition features by using a clustering algorithm in machine learning, obtaining a defect characteristic picture of the fan blade 14;
as shown in fig. 5, in step 7) of the present embodiment, the scoring output value for determining the criterion of the blade damage degree includes the following steps:
the value range of the blade score output value theta is 0-100%, and the larger the value is, the more serious the blade failure condition is. According to the size of the blade scoring output value, the damage degree of the fan blade is divided into normal, slight, obvious and serious degrees which are respectively corresponding to theta more than or equal to 0 and less than 10, theta more than or equal to 10 and less than 30, theta more than or equal to 30 and less than 50 and theta more than or equal to 50 and less than or equal to 100. And (4) judging the damage degree of the fan blade by the operation and maintenance personnel of the wind power plant according to the theta size of the fan blade scoring output value, and further adopting corresponding maintenance operation.
The device, the method and the system for detecting the damage of the fan blade based on the infrared imaging technology can solve the problems that the traditional fan blade maintenance mode is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity, required to work high above the ground by personnel and the like, and can avoid the limitation that the surface of the blade needs to be clean when visible light is shot and imaged.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a device based on infrared imaging technique detects fan blade damage which characterized in that: the system comprises an infrared searchlight, an infrared lens, a grating array, an infrared detector, a photoelectric conversion circuit, an infrared image converter tube and a visible light image;
the infrared searchlight emits infrared light to the fan blade, the infrared lens is used for receiving the infrared light reflected by the fan blade, the grating array is used for condensing the infrared light, the infrared detector is used for receiving the condensed infrared light and transmitting the condensed infrared light to the photoelectric conversion circuit, the photoelectric conversion circuit is used for converting an infrared signal into an electric signal and generating an infrared image for recording fan blade damage information, the infrared image converter is used for converting the infrared image into a visible light image visible to human eyes, and the infrared image and the visible light image are transmitted to a remote computer through a wireless network and stored; and the remote computer is used for inputting the infrared images into the infrared image classification system for classification and summarization.
2. The device for detecting fan blade damage based on infrared imaging technology of claim 1 is characterized in that: the infrared image classification system comprises an infrared image preprocessing module, the infrared image preprocessing module is used for preprocessing an infrared image and inputting the preprocessed infrared image into an infrared image target segmentation module, the infrared image target segmentation module is used for slicing the infrared image and selecting effective information and inputting the effective information into an infrared feature extraction module, and the infrared feature extraction module is used for screening effective features of fan blade information and inputting the effective features into an infrared image classification and identification module.
3. The method for detecting the damage of the fan blade based on the infrared imaging technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) carrying the device for detecting damage of a fan blade of any one of claims 1-2 on the surface of the fan blade by an unmanned aerial vehicle platform;
step 2), emitting infrared rays by an infrared searchlight along the root to the blade tip or the blade tip to the root of the fan blade to perform searchlighting;
step 3) adjusting the visual angle of the infrared lens to enable the infrared lens to receive infrared light reflected by a fan blade area;
step 4), condensing the received infrared light by the grating array, then entering an infrared detector, irradiating the infrared light on a photoelectric conversion circuit, converting an infrared signal into an electric signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit, and generating an infrared image for recording fan blade damage information after the electric signal passes through the photoelectric conversion circuit;
step 5) storing the infrared image on a remote computer in a wireless network transmission mode;
step 6), inputting the received infrared image into an infrared image classification system by a remote computer for preprocessing, feature extraction and classification and summarization in sequence to obtain a defect feature picture of the fan blade 14;
step 7) calling a blade failure library of a remote computer, performing machine training on fan blade typical failure images of the blade failure library, and generating a clear and standard failure defect identification function through a plurality of groups of training results; and then comparing the defect characteristic picture of the fan blade obtained in the step 6) with the standard defect identification function of the blade failure library, and outputting the similarity degree of the comparison result as a blade failure score.
4. The method for detecting the damage of the fan blade based on the infrared imaging technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the infrared image in the step 4) is converted into a visible light image visible to human eyes through an infrared image converter, and the visible light image and the infrared image are stored on a remote computer in a wireless network transmission mode.
5. The method for detecting the damage of the fan blade based on the infrared imaging technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step 6) comprises the following steps:
step 6.1), the remote computer inputs the received infrared image into an infrared image preprocessing module for reading, preprocessing the image addition and then inputs the infrared image into an infrared image target segmentation module;
step 6.2) the infrared image target segmentation module carries out image slicing and effective information selection operation and then inputs the image slices and the effective information into the infrared characteristic extraction module;
step 6.3) screening effective characteristics of fan blade information by an infrared characteristic extraction module, and inputting the effective characteristics to an infrared image classification and identification module to perform related classification and summarization on blade damage condition characteristics; obtaining a defect characteristic picture of the fan blade;
step 6.4) calling a blade failure library of a remote computer, performing machine training on a fan blade typical failure image of the blade failure library, and generating a clear and standard failure defect identification function through a plurality of groups of training results; and then comparing the defect characteristic picture of the fan blade obtained in the step 6.3) with the standard defect identification function of the blade failure library, and outputting the similarity degree of the comparison result as a blade failure score.
6. The method for detecting the damage of the fan blade based on the infrared imaging technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the blade damage modes in the fan blade failure library comprise blade cracking, blade paint removal, blade stains and blade lightning strike.
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| CN115319398A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-11 | 上海工程技术大学 | Automatic shape repairing method for repairing defects of fan blade |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |