CN111208071B - Method for judging color and quality of sheet tobacco raw material based on colorimetric plate - Google Patents
Method for judging color and quality of sheet tobacco raw material based on colorimetric plate Download PDFInfo
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009666 routine test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/29—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using visual detection
- G01N21/293—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using visual detection with colour charts, graduated scales or turrets
Abstract
The invention provides a method for judging the color and quality of a sheet tobacco raw material based on a colorimetric plate, which comprises the following steps: designing a colorimetric plate, dividing reference colors, assigning values to the reference colors according to the quality of the reference colors and the quality of the tobacco flakes, and comparing the colors of the tobacco flakes with the colorimetric plate to obtain quality scores. According to the method, the standard colors are divided for the tobacco flakes, and the values are assigned, so that quantitative judgment on the colors and the quality of the tobacco flakes is realized, and the judgment accuracy is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tobacco quality evaluation methods, in particular to a method for judging the color and quality of a tobacco raw material based on a colorimetric plate.
Background
The raw materials of the tobacco flakes are the basic raw materials for producing cigarettes by cigarette enterprises, and the quality and stability of the raw materials directly influence the quality and stability of cigarette products. After redrying, the tobacco raw materials are naturally alcoholized in a warehouse for a period of time, so that the tobacco fragrance is more prominent, the green impurity gas is removed, the granular feel of the smoke is reduced, the fineness of the smoke is increased, the irritation is reduced, the usability of the tobacco is improved, and the use of the cigarette raw materials can be met. The improvement of tobacco quality after natural alcoholization is generally represented by: the color is deepened and is uniform, the viscosity of the leaf surface is small, the toughness and the elasticity are increased, and the filamentization rate is improved during processing.
The tobacco flake raw material is alcoholized in the warehouse for 18-24 months (the difference exists due to different warehouse regions), and the time is long, so that the quality tracking and inspection of the tobacco flake raw material are necessary. The inspection of appearance quality of the tobacco flake raw materials mainly comprises: color and oil content, and water content detection, wherein the oil content and the water content change can be reflected on color change.
Because the individual difference exists between the color threshold and the difference threshold of the inspectors, the colors of different inspectors are different although the color text expressions are consistent; or the literal expressions are not consistent, but the colors may be consistent. Therefore, the standard color palette of tobacco leaves needs to be manufactured as a reference basis for color description, and even further data can be performed, and the color status of the tobacco leaf raw materials can be represented by numerical values.
At present, tobacco raw materials purchased by cigarette enterprises mainly comprise orange, and partial lemon and a small amount of brown tobacco exist, so that accurate judgment cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect and the defect that the prior art cannot accurately judge the color and the quality of tobacco leaves, and provides a method for judging the color and the quality of tobacco leaf raw materials based on a colorimetric plate. The invention is mainly suitable for judging the color and quality of lemon and orange tobacco flakes.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for judging the color and quality of a sheet tobacco raw material based on a colorimetric plate comprises the following steps: designing a colorimetric plate, dividing reference colors, assigning values to the reference colors according to the quality of the reference colors and the quality of the tobacco flakes, and comparing the colors of the tobacco flakes with the colorimetric plate to obtain quality scores.
In some embodiments of the invention, the higher the overall quality, the higher the sheet smoke color assignment when assigning each reference color. Of course, the higher the quality of the sheet smoke, the lower the color assignment of the sheet smoke, and for the convenience of determination, the higher the quality of the sheet smoke, the higher the color assignment of the sheet smoke, is preferable.
In some embodiments of the invention, the colors on the palette are sequentially categorized as light lemon, light orange, light reddish brown, dark reddish brown, light black, black.
In some embodiments of the invention, the assignments are as follows:
| sequence number | Colour type of sheet tobacco | Assignment of Q i |
| Color 1 | Light lemon color | 2 |
| Color 2 | Lemon color | 4 |
| Color 3 | Light orange color | 5 |
| Color 4 | Orange color | 6 |
| Color 5 | Orange red | 10 |
| Color 6 | Light reddish brown | 9 |
| Color 7 | Reddish brown | 8 |
| Color 8 | Dark reddish brown | 7 |
| Color 9 | Light black | 3 |
| Color 10 | Black color | 1 |
The color assignment may not be limited by the above table, for example, the highest quality orange may be assigned a value of 20, 30, 50, 100, etc., and other lower quality color scores may be progressively lower.
In some embodiments of the invention, when the color of the tobacco flakes is uniform, the overall color of the tobacco leaf finished product is colorized with the reference color of the colorimetric card, and the quality score is determined according to the colorimetric result.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the color of the tobacco flakes is different, sampling is performed to determine the type of each sample color, and the percentage P of tobacco leaves of each color type in the total mass of the sample is counted i And recording the assignment of each color type, and calculating the quality score of the box cigarette according to the following formula: tobacco flake raw material quality score q=q 1 ×P 1 +Q 2 ×P 2 +Q 3 ×Q 3 +……+Q i ×P i ，Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 …Q i Representing the quality scores of the cigarettes of various color types, P 1 、P 2 、P 3 …P i Representation pairThe mass of the tobacco flakes of the color type is a percentage of the total mass of the sample.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the standard colors are divided and assigned to realize quantitative judgment of the comprehensive quality of the tobacco, so that the judgment accuracy is effectively improved, and further, when the color of the tobacco is different, the quality score is obtained through formula calculation, so that the comprehensive quality of the tobacco is accurately evaluated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a cuvette according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the normal distribution of the quality and color type of the tobacco flakes in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the sample in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are those conventional in the art.
Reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
1. Colorimetric plate design
Fig. 1 shows a designed colorimetric plate, which has 10 reference colors from left to right: light lemon, light orange, reddish-brown, reddish brown, dark reddish brown, light black, assigned values as shown in the following table.
| Sequence number | Colour type of sheet tobacco | Assignment of Q i |
| Color 1 | Light lemon color | 2 |
| Color 2 | Lemon color | 4 |
| Color 3 | Light orange color | 5 |
| Color 4 | Orange color | 6 |
| Color 5 | Orange red | 10 |
| Color 6 | Light reddish brown | 9 |
| Color 7 | Reddish brown | 8 |
| Color 8 | Dark reddish brown | 7 |
| Color 9 | Light black | 3 |
| Color 10 | Black color | 1 |
According to the study, as shown in fig. 2, the quality of lemon-colored, orange-colored sheet tobacco follows a normal distribution between the reference colors, i.e., between the assigned scores.
2. The method for judging the quality of the tobacco flakes comprises the following steps:
method 1): the method is suitable for the packaged finished tobacco flakes with uniform color. Under the natural light source (or standard light source), the smoke box is opened, the colorimetric card is placed on the surface layer of the tobacco finished product, the overall color of the tobacco finished product is compared with the reference color of the colorimetric card, the color type is judged according to the colorimetric result, and the corresponding quality score is obtained.
Method 2): the method is suitable for the packaged finished tobacco leaves with different colors. And (3) opening the tobacco package, as shown in fig. 3, extracting 1kg of samples according to a five-point sampling method, classifying the extracted samples according to color by a color comparison plate method under a natural light source (or a standard light source), weighing the quality of the tobacco flakes with different colors after classifying, calculating the proportion of the tobacco flakes with corresponding colors, and recording corresponding scores. And then calculating the quality score of the tobacco flakes according to the following formula, and further determining the quality condition of the tobacco flakes.
The formula: sheet tobacco raw material mass score=color assignment 1 x proportion 1+color assignment 2 x proportion 2+color assignment 3 x proportion 3+ … … +color assignment 10 x proportion 10, i.e. sheet tobacco raw material mass score q=q 1 ×P 1 +Q 2 ×P 2 +Q 3 ×Q 3 +……+Q i ×P i ，Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 …Q i Representing the quality scores of the cigarettes of various color types, P 1 、P 2 、P 3 …P i Representing the percentage of the mass of the sheet smoke of the corresponding color type to the total mass of the sample.
3. Data results
Screening the tobacco flakes in the tobacco box, screening the tobacco flakes samples with 1-10 different colors, and performing chemical routine detection, main stream smoke aroma component detection and sensory quality evaluation to obtain the following data:
1) Chemical routine detection data
TABLE 1 chemical routine test data for different color flakes
The percentages in table 1 are mass percentages.
Under general conditions, the sugar-alkali ratio of the domestic middle flue-cured tobacco is within the range of 10-15%, the strength and the concentration of tobacco are coordinated, the aroma quality is good, the quantity is sufficient, and the overall quality is good. As can be seen from Table 1, the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of samples 3-8 were relatively high, while the sugar-to-base ratio was in the range of 10-14. Although the specific content of the sugar alkali of the samples 9-10 reaches 10, the total nitrogen content is higher, so that the nitrogen impurity gas and the irritation are obvious, and the quality of the tobacco flakes is poor.
2) Mainstream smoke aroma component detection data
TABLE 2 mainstream smoke aroma component detection data for different color flakes (μg/g)
The aroma component content of the main stream smoke can reflect the quality of the tobacco flakes to a certain extent. From the above table, samples 3-8, each having a higher level of aroma-generating component than the other samples, also had a higher total level of aroma-generating component, and therefore exhibited a better overall intrinsic quality of the sheet.
3) Sensory quality evaluation results
TABLE 3 sensory quality evaluation data for different color tobacco flakes
| Sample name | Fragrant quality | Fragrance amount | Miscellaneous gas | Stimulation(s) | Aftertaste of | Total score |
| 1 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.525 |
| 2 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.875 |
| 3 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.475 |
| 4 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.575 |
| 5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.025 |
| 6 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.975 |
| 7 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.825 |
| 8 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.600 |
| 9 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.650 |
| 10 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.250 |
Evaluation criteria: (1) the full score of each single index is 10, and the better the index quality characteristics are, the higher the score is.
(2) The minimum score unit of each single index is 0.5 point.
(3) Total = aroma x 20% + aroma amount x 35% + miscellaneous x 20% + irritation x 10% + aftertaste x 15%.
As can be seen from Table 3, samples 3-8 have good aroma quality, sufficient aroma quantity, good other indexes, and total score of 5 min or more, and good overall quality.
In conclusion, the evaluation method can accurately judge the quality of the tobacco flakes and effectively improve the accuracy of the evaluation of the quality of the tobacco flakes.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for judging the color and the quality of the sheet tobacco raw material based on the colorimetric plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of: designing a colorimetric plate, dividing reference colors, assigning values to the reference colors according to the quality of the reference colors and the quality of the tobacco flakes, and comparing the colors of the tobacco flakes with the colorimetric plate to obtain quality scores;
the colors on the color comparison plate are sequentially light lemon, light orange, light reddish brown, dark reddish brown, light black and black;
when each reference color is assigned, the higher the comprehensive quality is, the higher the color assignment of the tobacco flakes is;
the assignments are shown in the following table:
；
the method is used for packaging finished tobacco flakes with uniform colors, a tobacco box is opened under a natural light source or a standard light source, a colorimetric card is arranged on the surface layer of a tobacco finished product, the overall color of the tobacco finished product is subjected to colorimetric with the reference color of the colorimetric card, the color type is judged according to the colorimetric result, and a corresponding quality score is obtained according to assignment of the corresponding color;
through the piece cigarette in the screening smoke box, 10 kinds of different colour piece cigarette samples are screened out, are respectively: a light lemon color sample I, a lemon color sample II, a light orange color sample III, an orange color sample IV, an orange color sample V, a light reddish brown sample VI, a reddish brown sample seven, a dark reddish brown sample eight, a light black sample nine, a black sample ten, carrying out chemical routine detection, main stream smoke aroma component detection and sensory quality evaluation;
for the chemical routine detection data: the sugar-alkali ratio of the domestic middle flue-cured tobacco is within the range of 10-15%, the strength and the concentration of tobacco leaves are coordinated, the aroma quality is good, the quantity is sufficient, and the overall quality is good; the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the sample III to the sample eight are relatively high, and meanwhile, the sugar-alkali ratio is in the range of 10-14%, and although the content of the sample nine and the sample deca-sugar alkali is also up to 10%, the total nitrogen content is higher, so that the nitrogen and the irritation are obvious, and the quality of the tobacco flakes is poor;
for mainstream smoke aroma-generating component detection data: the aroma component content of the main stream smoke can reflect the quality of the sheet smoke to a certain extent, samples three to eight have higher aroma component content than other samples, and the total aroma component content is also higher, thus showing that the overall internal quality of the sheet smoke is better;
for sensory quality evaluation data: samples three to eight have better aroma quality, sufficient aroma quantity and better miscellaneous gases, irritation and aftertaste, and have better overall quality.
2. The method for judging the color and the quality of the sheet tobacco raw material based on the colorimetric plate is characterized by comprising the following steps of: designing a colorimetric plate, dividing reference colors, assigning values to the reference colors according to the quality of the reference colors and the quality of the tobacco flakes, and comparing the colors of the tobacco flakes with the colorimetric plate to obtain quality scores;
the colors on the color comparison plate are sequentially light lemon, light orange, light reddish brown, dark reddish brown, light black and black;
when each reference color is assigned, the higher the comprehensive quality is, the higher the color assignment of the tobacco flakes is;
the assignments are shown in the following table:
；
the method is used for packaging the packaged finished tobacco leaves with different colors, opening the package of the tobacco leaves, and sampling according to five pointsExtracting 1kg of sample by a method, classifying the extracted sample under a natural light source or a standard light source according to a colorimetric plate method according to different colors, respectively weighing the mass of the sheet cigarettes with different colors after classifying, and calculating the percentage P of the mass of the sheet cigarettes with different colors to the total mass of the sample i Recording the corresponding score, and then calculating the quality score of the tobacco carton according to the following formula: tobacco flake raw material quality score q=q 1 ×P 1 + Q 2 ×P 2 + Q 3 ×P 3 +……+ Q i ×P i ，Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 …Q i Representing the quality scores of the cigarettes of various color types, P 1 、P 2 、P 3 …P i Representing the percentage of the tobacco flake mass of the corresponding color type to the total mass of the sample;
through the piece cigarette in the screening smoke box, 10 kinds of different colour piece cigarette samples are screened out, are respectively: a light lemon color sample I, a lemon color sample II, a light orange color sample III, an orange color sample IV, an orange color sample V, a light reddish brown sample VI, a reddish brown sample seven, a dark reddish brown sample eight, a light black sample nine, a black sample ten, carrying out chemical routine detection, main stream smoke aroma component detection and sensory quality evaluation;
for the chemical routine detection data: the sugar-alkali ratio of the domestic middle flue-cured tobacco is within the range of 10-15%, the strength and the concentration of tobacco leaves are coordinated, the aroma quality is good, the quantity is sufficient, and the overall quality is good; the total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the sample III to the sample eight are relatively high, and meanwhile, the sugar-alkali ratio is in the range of 10-14%, and although the content of the sample nine and the sample deca-sugar alkali is also up to 10%, the total nitrogen content is higher, so that the nitrogen and the irritation are obvious, and the quality of the tobacco flakes is poor;
for mainstream smoke aroma-generating component detection data: the aroma component content of the main stream smoke can reflect the quality of the sheet smoke to a certain extent, samples three to eight have higher aroma component content than other samples, and the total aroma component content is also higher, thus showing that the overall internal quality of the sheet smoke is better;
for sensory quality evaluation data: samples three to eight have better aroma quality, sufficient aroma quantity and better miscellaneous gases, irritation and aftertaste, and have better overall quality.
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