CN111206413B - Irradiation grafting modification method of cotton fabric - Google Patents
Irradiation grafting modification method of cotton fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN111206413B CN111206413B CN202010177732.3A CN202010177732A CN111206413B CN 111206413 B CN111206413 B CN 111206413B CN 202010177732 A CN202010177732 A CN 202010177732A CN 111206413 B CN111206413 B CN 111206413B
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- cotton fabric
- polydimethylsiloxane
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/08—Organic compounds
- D06M10/10—Macromolecular compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
Abstract
The invention discloses a radiation grafting modification method of cotton fabric, which grafts polydimethylsiloxane to the surface of the cotton fabric through electron beam radiation to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane graft modified cotton fabric. The method disclosed by the invention is clean and environment-friendly, saves water in the production process, is low in pollution, energy consumption and cost, and is easy for industrial production. The method improves the adhesion between polydimethylsiloxane and the surface of the cotton fabric, and enhances the hydrophobicity and the washing resistance of the cotton fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cotton fabric modification, in particular to a radiation grafting modification method of cotton fabric.
Background
Cotton fiber is a natural fiber that has been used by humans for a long time, has a large production amount, is inexpensive, is not only easy to use, but also renewable and easily biodegradable, and has excellent mechanical properties, so that cotton fabric is still a popular and popular clothing material in the growing number of synthetic fibers today. However, since the cotton fabric is composed of hydrophilic cellulose fibers, the cotton fabric is very sticky and easy to absorb various liquids, and the use performance of the cotton fabric is affected.
At the present stage, the hydrophobic modification of the cotton fabric is mainly realized by a process of carrying out after-treatment on the cotton fabric by using a water repellent auxiliary agent. The commonly used water repellent aid is a fluorine-containing surfactant, but the fluorine-containing surfactant is gradually replaced by other materials due to difficult degradation and environmental pollution. One class of the substitute aids is a silicone type water repellent aid. The silicone anti-splash assistant is a common anti-splash assistant, and can effectively improve the hand feeling of cotton fabrics due to the advantages of small surface tension, good chain segment flexibility, easy spreading and the like. However, the assistant has poor water washing resistance on cotton fabrics, and the water repellent effect of the fabrics is reduced in the repeated washing process of the fabrics.
In conclusion, the hydrophobic modification technology of cotton fabric still needs to be continuously improved, so as to provide a hydrophobic modification method of cotton fabric with good water-repellent effect, environmental protection and high washing resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cotton fabric irradiation modification method, which solves the technical problems of low water resistance and poor water washing resistance of cotton fabrics in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a method for modifying cotton fabric by radiation grafting, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing an organic solution containing an organic solvent and polydimethylsiloxane with unsaturated double bond groups;
step 2: soaking the cotton fabric in the organic solution;
and step 3: and (3) irradiating the cotton fabric soaked in the organic solution by using an electron beam to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane grafted and modified cotton fabric.
According to the invention, polydimethylsiloxane with unsaturated double bonds and surface fibers of cotton fabrics generate free radicals under electron beam irradiation, and the polydimethylsiloxane graft modified cotton fabrics are obtained through free radical polymerization.
In the present invention, the organic solvent comprises at least one of n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, chloroform, methylene chloride and toluene, preferably n-hexane.
Further, the unsaturated double bond group comprises an ethylene group and/or an unsaturated carboxylate group.
Further, the unsaturated carboxylic acid ester group comprises an acrylate group and/or a methacrylate group.
Further, the unsaturated double bond group contained in the polydimethylsiloxane with the unsaturated double bond group is a side group or a terminal group.
In the present invention, the polydimethylsiloxane bearing unsaturated double bond groups comprises vinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl as pendant group polydimethylsiloxane, methacrylate terminated polydimethylsiloxane, acrylate terminated polydimethylsiloxane, methacrylate as pendant group polydimethylsiloxane and acrylate as pendant group polydimethylsiloxane. Methacrylate-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes and acrylate-terminated polydimethylsiloxanes are preferred.
The present invention is not particularly limited to the molecular structure of the polydimethylsiloxane compound, and any compound having a molecular structure disclosed in the prior art can be used in the present invention. For example, the molecular structure of vinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane is shown in the formula, CAS number 68083-19-2
For example, methacrylate-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is available from sigma-aldrich under product designation 798274, having the following molecular formula,
further, the number average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane with the unsaturated double bond group is 3000-12000, preferably 4000-10000, and preferably 6000-8000.
Further, the grafting rate of the polydimethylsiloxane grafted and modified cotton fabric is 10-40%, and preferably 15-30%.
The calculation formula of the Grafting ratio (DG) in the invention is as follows:
in the formula, WoWeight of the original cotton fabric, g;
Wgweight of cotton fabric after irradiation and vacuum drying, g.
Further, the mass concentration of the polydimethylsiloxane with unsaturated double bond groups in the organic solution is 1-15%, preferably 3-10%.
Further, the soaking time of the cotton fabric in the step 2 in the organic solution is 20-120 min, a padder is used for removing the redundant organic solution, and the rolling residual rate is 85% -90%. The soaking time is preferably 40-100 min.
Further, the irradiation dose of the electron beam irradiation in the step 3 is 5-100 KGy, preferably 60-90 KGy, and more preferably 70-85 KGy.
According to the invention, the cotton fabric soaked in the organic solution is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area, and the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130 kv.
Further, the step 3 of the invention also comprises washing and drying the cotton fabric after the electron beam irradiation.
Further, the steps of washing and drying are as follows: and (3) placing the cotton fabric subjected to electron beam irradiation in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then cleaning with ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, and drying in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ to obtain the polydimethylsiloxane grafted and modified cotton fabric.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a cotton fabric prepared according to any one of the above processes
In a third aspect, the invention provides a textile made of the cotton fabric prepared by any one of the methods. The textile comprises fabric, clothes, household textile, hat, gloves and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method provided by the invention adopts electron beam irradiation to carry out hydrophobic modification on cotton fabrics, and compared with the existing chemical modification method, the method provided by the invention is clean and environment-friendly, water-saving in the production process, small in pollution, low in energy consumption and cost, and easy for industrial production.
(2) Because the polydimethylsiloxane has excellent hydrophobic property, the polydimethylsiloxane with unsaturated double bonds is used as the grafting modifier, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by fluorine-containing water repellent auxiliaries in the prior art is solved.
(3) According to the method, polydimethylsiloxane is grafted to the surface of the cotton fabric in a chemical crosslinking mode through electron beam irradiation, so that the adhesion between the polydimethylsiloxane and the surface of the cotton fabric is improved, and the washing resistance of the cotton fabric is enhanced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a specific irradiation grafting modification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Static contact Angle test: cotton fabric was laid flat on a glass slide with a water drop volume of 5. mu.L, on an Attention theta system contact angle tester from KSV Instrument Co., Ltd, Finland, tested 5 times at different positions of the fabric sample, and then averaged.
And (4) an anti-splashing test, which refers to the national standard GB/T4745 and 2012 ' detection and evaluation of textile anti-splashing performance ' of the water dipping method '. The test instrument used was a water level meter YG813 manufactured by Shanghai precision instruments and meters Co.
Example 1
Preparing a normal hexane solution of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (with the number average molecular weight of 4000), wherein the mass concentration is 3%; and (3) shearing a cotton fabric with the size of 6 x 6cm, soaking the cotton fabric in the solution for 20min, and removing the redundant solution by using a padder, wherein the percent rolling is 85%. The treated cotton fabric is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, and then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area (the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130kv, and the irradiation dose is 60 KGy). After the cotton fabric is irradiated, the cotton fabric is firstly placed in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then is washed by ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, a sample is taken out and is placed in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ for drying, and finally the irradiation grafting modified cotton fabric is prepared. The fabric properties are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Preparing n-hexane solution of methacrylate end-capped polydimethylsiloxane (with the number average molecular weight of 4000), wherein the mass concentration is 3%; and (3) shearing a cotton fabric with the size of 6 x 6cm, soaking the cotton fabric in the solution for 20min, and removing the redundant solution by using a padder, wherein the percent rolling is 85%. The treated cotton fabric is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, and then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area (the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130kv, and the irradiation dose is 60 KGy). After the cotton fabric is irradiated, the cotton fabric is firstly placed in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then is washed by ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, a sample is taken out and is placed in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ for drying, and finally the irradiation grafting modified cotton fabric is prepared. The fabric properties are shown in table 1.
Example 3
Preparing a normal hexane solution of methacrylate end-capped polydimethylsiloxane (with the number average molecular weight of 6000), wherein the mass concentration is 15%; and (3) shearing a cotton fabric with the size of 6 x 6cm, soaking the cotton fabric in the solution for 60min, and removing the redundant solution by using a padder, wherein the percent rolling is 85%. The treated cotton fabric is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, and then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area (the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130kv, and the irradiation dose is 60 KGy). After the cotton fabric is irradiated, the cotton fabric is firstly placed in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then is washed by ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, a sample is taken out and is placed in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ for drying, and finally the irradiation grafting modified cotton fabric is prepared. The fabric properties are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Preparing a normal hexane solution of methacrylate end-capped polydimethylsiloxane (with the number average molecular weight of 8000), wherein the mass concentration is 15%; and (3) shearing a cotton fabric with the size of 6 x 6cm, soaking the cotton fabric in the solution for 60min, and removing the redundant solution by using a padder, wherein the percent rolling is 85%. The treated cotton fabric is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, and then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area (the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130kv, and the irradiation dose is 70 KGy). After the cotton fabric is irradiated, the cotton fabric is firstly placed in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then is washed by ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, a sample is taken out and is placed in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ for drying, and finally the irradiation grafting modified cotton fabric is prepared. The fabric properties are shown in table 1.
Example 5
Preparing n-hexane solution of acrylate-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (with the number average molecular weight of 10000), wherein the mass concentration is 10%; and (3) shearing a cotton fabric with the size of 6 x 6cm, soaking the cotton fabric in the solution for 20min, and removing the redundant solution by using a padder, wherein the percent rolling is 85%. The treated cotton fabric is placed in an irradiation tube, nitrogen is introduced to remove oxygen, and then the irradiation tube is placed in a low-energy electron beam irradiation area (the irradiation acceleration voltage is 130kv, and the irradiation dose is 70 KGy). After the cotton fabric is irradiated, the cotton fabric is firstly placed in an ethyl acetate solution for washing, then is washed by ethanol to remove the unreacted solution on the surface of the cotton fabric, a sample is taken out and is placed in a vacuum oven at 40 ℃ for drying, and finally the irradiation grafting modified cotton fabric is prepared. The fabric properties are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 physical Properties and Cotton Fabric graft ratios of Cotton fabrics before and after treatment
As shown in Table 1, the cotton fabric modified by electron beam irradiation grafting according to the method of the invention has better static water contact angle and water repellent performance, and after 30 times of washing, the cotton fabric prepared in examples 1-5 still has better hydrophobic performance, which indicates that the cotton fabric modified by electron beam irradiation grafting has good water washing resistance. In addition, the hydrophobic and water wash resistance of the cotton fabric graft-modified with a methacrylate or acrylate terminated polydimethylsiloxane (examples 2-5) was superior to the cotton fabric graft-modified with a vinyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane (example 1).
It is to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for modifying cotton fabric by irradiation grafting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing an organic solution containing an organic solvent and polydimethylsiloxane with unsaturated double bond groups;
and 2, step: soaking the cotton fabric in the organic solution;
and step 3: irradiating the cotton fabric soaked in the organic solution by using an electron beam to obtain a polydimethylsiloxane grafted and modified cotton fabric;
wherein the organic solvent comprises at least one of n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, chloroform, dichloromethane, and toluene; the unsaturated double bond group comprises an acrylate group and/or a methacrylate group.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polydimethylsiloxane carrying unsaturated double bond groups has a number average molecular weight of 3000 to 12000.
3. The method according to any of claims 1-2, characterized in that the graft ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane graft-modified cotton fabric is 10% to 40%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the polydimethylsiloxane carrying unsaturated double bond groups in the organic solution is 1-15%.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein soaking the cotton fabric in the organic solution comprises:
soaking the cotton fabric in the organic solution for 20-120 min;
removing redundant organic solution, wherein the rolling residual rate is 85-90%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation dose of the electron beam irradiation in step 3 is 5 to 100 KGy.
7. A cotton fabric, characterized in that it is produced using a method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. A textile article, characterized in that it is made using the cotton fabric of claim 7.
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| CN104278512A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-14 | 湖北久瑞核技术股份有限公司 | Method for preparing water-repellent textile |
| CN105220474A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-06 | 江南大学 | A kind of COTTON FABRIC hydrophobic finishing method based on esters of acrylic acid and electron beam technology |
| CN107164947B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2019-01-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of durable superhydrophobic fabric and preparation method thereof |
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