CN111205449A - Preparation method of block polyether type aging oil demulsifier - Google Patents
Preparation method of block polyether type aging oil demulsifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN111205449A CN111205449A CN202010091964.7A CN202010091964A CN111205449A CN 111205449 A CN111205449 A CN 111205449A CN 202010091964 A CN202010091964 A CN 202010091964A CN 111205449 A CN111205449 A CN 111205449A
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Abstract
A preparation method of a block polyether type aging oil demulsifier. The method comprises the following steps: putting quantitative phenol and ethylene glycol into a four-way bottle, adding hydrogen chloride and a methanol solution, heating to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 2.5h, and distilling at 45 ℃ to obtain an intermediate product A; putting the intermediate product A and triethylene tetramine into a four-way bottle, heating to dissolve, slowly dropwise adding a formaldehyde solution at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction, adding xylene, refluxing and dehydrating, and evaporating xylene to obtain an initiator B; putting the initiator B and a catalyst potassium hydroxide into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle for sealing, and introducing epoxypropane for heating reaction to obtain an intermediate product 1; and adding potassium hydroxide into the intermediate product 1, and then introducing ethylene oxide for heating reaction to obtain the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier. The block polyether type aging oil demulsifier prepared by the method has more branched chain structures, and can better destroy the interfacial film on the oil-water surface of the aging oil to achieve the purpose of demulsification and dehydration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an oilfield chemical, in particular to a preparation method of a block polyether type aging oil demulsifier.
Background
In the process of oil field exploitation, part of oil products are oxidized, polluted or kept in a settling separation device for too long time, and under the action of comprehensive factors such as medicaments, mechanical impurities, colloid asphaltene, bacteria, air, circulating shear and the like, the physical and chemical properties of the oil products are changed to form crude oil emulsion which is called aging oil. The existence of aging oil is inevitable, and a series of factors such as oily sludge, crude oil recycled and treated by sewage, multiple storage, transportation, loading and unloading of the crude oil, and long-term storage due to condition limitation, which cannot be timely treated, are main sources of aging oil.
China can generate a large amount of aging oil every year, and the aging oil has the characteristics of high emulsification degree, strong stability, large interfacial tension and more heavy components, so that the aging oil is more difficult to treat than common crude oil emulsion, and the demulsification and dehydration difficulty of crude oil is increased. In the production process, if the aging oil cannot be effectively treated in time, the quality of oil transportation is influenced, the space of a storage tank is occupied, the production and operation cost is increased, even energy waste is caused, and the environmental safety of equipment is influenced and threatened.
At present, the common treatment methods for ageing oil in most oil fields in China are an electric field demulsification method and a thermochemical treatment method. Although the electric field demulsification method is widely applied, the aging oil is complex in composition and may contain conductive substances, and the aging oil easily penetrates through two polar plates in the dehydration process, so that the voltage is reduced, the current is increased instantly, the electric dehydration efficiency is reduced, and accidents such as electric field breakdown and the like may occur in serious cases. Compared with an electric field demulsification method, the thermochemical treatment is safer, the principle is that a suitable and efficient demulsifying agent is used for demulsifying and dehydrating the aging oil, and the thermochemical treatment method has the characteristics of simple process, simple and convenient operation flow, less investment, good treatment effect, strong practicability and the like. The key of the thermochemical treatment technology lies in the synthesis and application of a suitable demulsifier.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of a block polyether type aging oil demulsifier, the prepared block polyether type aging oil demulsifier has more branched chain structures, can better destroy an interface film on the surface of oil water of aging oil to achieve the purpose of demulsification and dehydration, has excellent demulsification effect, high demulsification speed, safety, environmental protection and strong stability, has higher surface activity, can effectively reduce the surface tension of the oil water interface of the aging oil, improves the oil-water separation efficiency and promotes the demulsification effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, quantitative phenol and ethylene glycol are put into a first four-way bottle, and the mass ratio of the added phenol to the ethylene glycol is in the range of 9: 1-9.5: 1; adding hydrogen chloride and a methanol solution serving as a solvent into the quarter bottle, wherein the use amount of the hydrogen chloride is 3% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle, the concentration of the methanol solution is 30%, and the use amount of the methanol solution is 50% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle; heating the materials in the four-way bottle to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 2.5h, and after the reaction is completed, distilling at 45 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain an intermediate product A;
and step two, placing the intermediate product A obtained in the step one and triethylene tetramine into a second four-way bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product A to the triethylene tetramine is in the range of 1: 2.5-1: 3, or more; heating the quarter bottle to 45-55 ℃, slowly dripping a formaldehyde solution after the materials are completely dissolved, wherein the concentration range of the formaldehyde solution is 37-40%, and the molar ratio of an intermediate product A, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine in the quarter bottle is 1: 3.5: 3.5-1: 4.5: 4.5, or less; keeping the temperature of the four-way bottle for 35-45 min, and adding dimethylbenzene after full reaction, wherein the dosage of the dimethylbenzene is 50% of the total mass of the materials in the four-way bottle; and heating the four-branch bottle to 100-110 ℃, performing reflux dehydration for 1.5-2.5 h, continuously heating the four-branch bottle to 185-195 ℃ to evaporate xylene, and fully reacting the residual substances for 1-2 h to generate an initiator B.
Thirdly, putting the initiator B obtained in the second step and a catalyst potassium hydroxide into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle for sealing, replacing air in the kettle in a nitrogen purging mode, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump until the pressure reading is-0.09 MPa, opening a feeding valve of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, and slowly introducing propylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the introduced propylene oxide to the initiator B is 139: 1-199: 1; heating to 135-145 ℃, controlling the reading of a pressure gauge of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the propylene oxide is added; when the reading of the pressure gauge in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and an intermediate product 1 is obtained;
fourthly, adding potassium hydroxide serving as a catalyst into the intermediate product 1 obtained in the third step, putting the mixture into a high-pressure reaction kettle, sealing the high-pressure reaction kettle, and replacing air in the kettle by using a nitrogen purging mode; vacuumizing the high-pressure reaction kettle by using a vacuum pump until the indication of a pressure gauge is-0.09 MPa, opening a feed valve and slowly introducing ethylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product 1 to the ethylene oxide is in a range of 1: 1.5-1: 2; heating the high-pressure reaction kettle to 135-145 ℃, controlling the pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the ethylene oxide is added; and when the internal pressure of the high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier is obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the demulsifier prepared by the preparation method has a good demulsification effect on the aged oil, is high in demulsification speed, good in demulsification effect, good in wettability and permeability, high in surface activity, and appropriate in molecular structure and branching degree on the chemical structure, can effectively reduce the surface tension of an oil-water interface of the aged oil, destroys an interface film of the oil-water interface of the aged oil, improves the oil-water separation efficiency, promotes the demulsification effect, and has a better demulsification effect compared with the traditional demulsifier.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the demulsification effect of the samples 1-6 of the present invention on crude oil in a certain oil field in the order from left to right.
Fig. 2 is a graph comparing the effect of using demulsifiers at the present stage of an oil field.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a block polyether type aging oil demulsifier, wherein the demulsifier has the following structural general formula:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, quantitative phenol and ethylene glycol are put into a first four-way bottle, and the mass ratio of the added phenol to the ethylene glycol is in the range of 9: 1-9.5: 1; adding hydrogen chloride and a methanol solution serving as a solvent into the quarter bottle, wherein the use amount of the hydrogen chloride is 3% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle, the concentration of the methanol solution is 30%, and the use amount of the methanol solution is 50% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle; heating the materials in the four-way bottle to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 2.5h, and after the reaction is completed, distilling at 45 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain an intermediate product A;
and step two, placing the intermediate product A obtained in the step one and triethylene tetramine into a second four-way bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product A to the triethylene tetramine is in the range of 1: 2.5-1: 3, or more; heating the quarter bottle to 45-55 ℃, slowly dripping a formaldehyde solution after the materials are completely dissolved, wherein the concentration range of the formaldehyde solution is 37-40%, and the molar ratio of an intermediate product A, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine in the quarter bottle is 1: 3.5: 3.5-1: 4.5: 4.5, or less; keeping the temperature of the four-way bottle for 35-45 min, and adding dimethylbenzene after full reaction, wherein the dosage of the dimethylbenzene is 50% of the total mass of the materials in the four-way bottle; and heating the four-branch bottle to 100-110 ℃, performing reflux dehydration for 1.5-2.5 h, continuously heating the four-branch bottle to 185-195 ℃ to evaporate xylene, and fully reacting the residual substances for 1-2 h to generate an initiator B.
Thirdly, putting the initiator B obtained in the second step and a catalyst potassium hydroxide into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle for sealing, replacing air in the kettle in a nitrogen purging mode, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump until the pressure reading is-0.09 MPa, opening a feeding valve of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, and slowly introducing propylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the introduced propylene oxide to the initiator B is 139: 1-199: 1; heating to 135-145 ℃, controlling the reading of a pressure gauge of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the propylene oxide is added; when the reading of the pressure gauge in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and an intermediate product 1 is obtained;
fourthly, adding potassium hydroxide serving as a catalyst into the intermediate product 1 obtained in the third step, putting the mixture into a high-pressure reaction kettle, sealing the high-pressure reaction kettle, and replacing air in the kettle by using a nitrogen purging mode; vacuumizing the high-pressure reaction kettle by using a vacuum pump until the indication of a pressure gauge is-0.09 MPa, opening a feed valve and slowly introducing ethylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product 1 to the ethylene oxide is in a range of 1: 1.5-1: 2; heating the high-pressure reaction kettle to 135-145 ℃, controlling the pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the ethylene oxide is added; and when the internal pressure of the high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier is obtained.
The above are the basic steps of the preparation method of the present invention. The following are preferred embodiments of the present invention:
in the first step, the mass ratio of phenol to ethylene glycol is 9.1: 1;
in the first step, the reaction temperature for generating the intermediate product A is 80 ℃;
in the second step, the molar ratio of the intermediate product A, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine is 1: 4: 4, namely the mass ratio of 1.78: 1: 4.87;
in the second step, the dissolving temperature of the intermediate product A and triethylene tetramine is 50 ℃, the reaction temperature of the intermediate product A, the mixed solution of triethylene tetramine and the formaldehyde solution is 190 ℃, and the reaction time is 1 h;
in the second step, the dosage of the dimethylbenzene is 50 percent of the total mass of the materials, the reflux dehydration temperature is 100-110 ℃, and the reflux dehydration time is 2 hours;
in the third step and the fourth step, the reaction temperature in the kettle is 140 ℃, and the reading of a pressure meter of the reaction kettle is between 0.2 +/-0.01 MPa during the reaction;
in the third step and the fourth step, the dosage of the catalyst added in the third step is 0.25 percent of the total mass of the propylene oxide and the ethylene oxide, and the dosage of the catalyst added in the fourth step is 0.15 percent of the total mass of the propylene oxide and the ethylene oxide.
The chemical reaction equation related to the preparation method is as follows:
the following provides specific embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, the application scope of the present invention is not affected by the embodiments, and the specific implementation manner can be determined according to the technical scheme and the application specific situation of the present invention.
Example 1
Adding 45.5g of phenol and 5g of ethylene glycol into a four-way bottle, dripping 1.515g of hydrogen chloride into the four-way bottle, adding 26g of methanol solution, heating by using a water bath while stirring, raising the temperature to 80 ℃, stopping stirring after the reaction is fully performed after 2.5h, raising the temperature of the residual substance to 45 ℃, and distilling for 0.5h to obtain a substance dry liquid, namely an intermediate product A.
Putting 15g of the intermediate product A and 41.1g of triethylene tetramine into a four-mouth bottle, heating in a water bath to 50 ℃ for complete dissolution, then preserving heat for 15min, then slowly dropwise adding 8.43g of formaldehyde, preserving heat for reaction for 30min after dropwise adding, adding 32.27g of xylene, heating to 105 ℃ for reflux dehydration, gradually heating to 190 ℃ after 2h, gradually increasing the transparency of reactants and the xylene, completely evaporating the xylene at 190 ℃, and keeping the reaction for 1h to finish the reaction. The product was a dark red viscous liquid, giving starter B.
4.5g of the initiator B and 2.62g of the catalyst potassium hydroxide were added to a high-temperature high-pressure reaction vessel, and the reaction vessel was sealed. Purging and replacing air by using nitrogen before heating, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, starting heating when the gauge pressure reaches-0.09 MPa, stopping heating when the temperature is increased to 140 ℃, opening a feed valve, introducing 625.5g of propylene oxide, controlling the pressure within 0.2 +/-0.01 MPa, keeping the temperature unchanged, and continuing to react for 25min after the materials in the kettle are reacted and the pressure returns to-0.09 MPa; finally, cooling, opening the kettle and discharging to obtain an intermediate product 1.
And adding the intermediate product 1 after the reaction and 1.57g of catalyst potassium hydroxide into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, and sealing the reaction kettle. Purging and replacing air by using nitrogen before heating, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump, starting heating when the gauge pressure reaches-0.09 MPa, stopping heating when the temperature is increased to 140 ℃, opening a feed valve, introducing 417g of ethylene oxide, controlling the pressure within 0.2 +/-0.01 MPa, keeping the temperature unchanged, and continuing to react for 25min after the materials in the kettle are reacted and the pressure returns to-0.09 MPa; finally, cooling and opening the kettle, and discharging to obtain the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier p-139(1.5: 1).
The same steps are repeated according to the example 1, and different aging oil demulsifiers p-139(2:1), p-159(1.5:1), p-159(2:1), p-199(1.5:1) and p-199(2:1) can be obtained by changing the mass parts of the introduced propylene oxide and the ethylene oxide.
Example 2 evaluation of dehydration Effect of Block polyether type aging oil demulsifier
Taking aging oil of a certain oil field as a sample to evaluate the dehydration effect, and respectively observing the dehydration amount of different agents in different time under the condition that the dosing concentration is 100ppm and observing whether the wall hanging phenomenon exists or not. The results of the experiment are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the amount of propylene oxide used is 199 parts, and the ethylene oxide to total feed ratio is 1.5: and when the viscosity is 1, the demulsifying effect of the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier of the fifth group is the best.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a block polyether type aging oil demulsifier is disclosed, wherein the demulsifier has a general structural formula as follows:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, quantitative phenol and ethylene glycol are put into a first four-way bottle, and the mass ratio of the added phenol to the ethylene glycol is in the range of 9: 1-9.5: 1; adding hydrogen chloride and a methanol solution serving as a solvent into the quarter bottle, wherein the use amount of the hydrogen chloride is 3% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle, the concentration of the methanol solution is 30%, and the use amount of the methanol solution is 50% of the total mass of the phenol and the ethylene glycol in the quarter bottle; heating the materials in the four-way bottle to 75-85 ℃, reacting for 2.5h, and after the reaction is completed, distilling at 45 ℃ for 0.5h to obtain an intermediate product A;
and step two, placing the intermediate product A obtained in the step one and triethylene tetramine into a second four-way bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product A to the triethylene tetramine is in the range of 1: 2.5-1: 3, or more; heating the quarter bottle to 45-55 ℃, slowly dripping a formaldehyde solution after the materials are completely dissolved, wherein the concentration range of the formaldehyde solution is 37-40%, and the molar ratio of an intermediate product A, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine in the quarter bottle is 1: 3.5: 3.5-1: 4.5: 4.5, or less; keeping the temperature of the four-section bottle for 35-45 min, and adding dimethylbenzene after full reaction, wherein the dosage of the dimethylbenzene is 50% of the total mass of the materials in the four-section bottle; heating the four-branch bottle to 100-110 ℃, performing reflux dehydration for 1.5-2.5 h, continuously heating the four-branch bottle to 185-195 ℃ to evaporate xylene, and fully reacting the remaining substances for 1-2 h to generate an initiator B;
thirdly, putting the initiator B obtained in the second step and a catalyst potassium hydroxide into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle for sealing, replacing air in the kettle in a nitrogen purging mode, vacuumizing by using a vacuum pump until the pressure reading is-0.09 MPa, opening a feeding valve of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, and slowly introducing propylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the introduced propylene oxide to the initiator B is 139: 1-199: 1; heating to 135-145 ℃, controlling the reading of a pressure gauge of the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the propylene oxide is added; when the reading of the pressure gauge in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and an intermediate product 1 is obtained;
fourthly, adding potassium hydroxide serving as a catalyst into the intermediate product 1 obtained in the third step, putting the mixture into a high-pressure reaction kettle, sealing the high-pressure reaction kettle, and replacing air in the kettle by using a nitrogen purging mode; vacuumizing the high-pressure reaction kettle by using a vacuum pump until the indication of a pressure gauge is-0.09 MPa, opening a feed valve and slowly introducing ethylene oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the intermediate product 1 to the ethylene oxide is in a range of 1: 1.5-1: 2; heating the high-pressure reaction kettle to 135-145 ℃, controlling the pressure in the high-pressure reaction kettle to be 0.19-0.21 MPa, and closing a feed valve after the ethylene oxide is added; and when the internal pressure of the high-pressure reaction kettle is reduced to-0.09 MPa, the reaction is finished, and the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier is obtained.
2. The preparation method of the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier according to claim 1, wherein the block polyether type aging oil demulsifier comprises:
in the first step, the mass ratio of phenol to ethylene glycol is 9.1: 1;
in the first step, the reaction temperature for generating the intermediate product A is 80 ℃;
in the second step, the molar ratio of the intermediate product A, formaldehyde and triethylene tetramine is 1: 4: 4, namely the mass ratio of 1.78: 1: 4.87;
in the second step, the dissolving temperature of the intermediate product A and triethylene tetramine is 50 ℃, the reaction temperature of the intermediate product A, the mixed solution of triethylene tetramine and the formaldehyde solution is 190 ℃, and the reaction time is 1 h;
in the second step, the dosage of the dimethylbenzene is 50 percent of the total mass of the materials, the reflux dehydration temperature is 100-110 ℃, and the reflux dehydration time is 2 hours;
in the third step and the fourth step, the reaction temperature in the kettle is 140 ℃, and the reading of a pressure meter of the reaction kettle is between 0.2 +/-0.01 MPa during the reaction;
in the third step and the fourth step, the dosage of the catalyst added in the third step is 0.25 percent of the total mass of the propylene oxide and the ethylene oxide, and the dosage of the catalyst added in the fourth step is 0.15 percent of the total mass of the propylene oxide and the ethylene oxide.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114621105A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Polymer-containing crude oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof |
CN115232638A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heavy oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof |
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2020
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US5012016A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1991-04-30 | Shell Oil Company | Process for preparing tetraphenolic compounds |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114621105A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Polymer-containing crude oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof |
CN115232638A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Heavy oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115232638B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2024-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Thickened oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof |
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