CN111204930A - In-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water body - Google Patents
In-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water body Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for a lake type water source ground water body, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. The in-situ pretreatment system suitable for the lake type water source land water body comprises a pre-filtration area and a deep treatment area, wherein the pre-filtration area is arranged on the bank side of a water source land and comprises a water collecting tank and a filtration wall, the filtration wall is arranged between the water collecting tank and the water body and is communicated with the water collecting tank, the deep treatment area comprises a plurality of ecological floating islands, a photocatalytic net is connected between every two adjacent ecological floating islands, a plurality of biological attachment nets are arranged on the lower bottom surfaces of the ecological floating islands, a plurality of stocking net cages are hung at one ends of the biological attachment nets far away from the ecological floating islands, and benthonic animals are bred in the stocking net cages. The invention discloses an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for a lake type water source ground water body, which combines the source control and the treatment of pollutants, and has relatively shorter treatment time and better treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water bodies.
Background
Along with the rapid growth of economy and the continuous urbanization of population, the water demand of cities and towns is larger and larger, and the scale of urban water supply is increased rapidly. Due to the deterioration of water quality of river water and limited exploitation of underground water, reservoirs and lakes gradually become important water supply sources for cities and towns. In many large and medium cities in China, particularly in middle and lower-stream cities of Yangtze river, lakes and reservoirs are mostly used as drinking water source areas, but as the water body is polluted by point sources and surface sources, the eutrophication degree is continuously intensified, so that a large amount of floating algae grows, and the water taking safety is threatened. At present, no effective measure is available for fundamentally eliminating the basic condition causing the abnormal propagation of algae, and the key problem of lake and reservoir eutrophication cannot be solved in a short time.
The lake is a wide water body formed by storing water in a natural low-lying basin with a certain scale on the ground surface, the reservoir is a water body formed by artificially building projects such as gates, dams and the like, and actually is an artificial lake, different from rivers and underground water, the water source area of the lake and reservoir is longer in residence time of the water body in the lake and reservoir than in a riverbed due to slow water exchange, so that a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus and organic matters stay in the water body, sufficient nutrient components are provided for the growth of planktonic algae, the flow rate of water flow is generally lower, suspended matters and the like in the lake and reservoir are easy to deposit, and the turbidity of the water body is lower.
At present, the in-situ treatment method for eutrophic lakes mainly comprises diversion dilution, sediment dredging, sediment covering, deep water aeration, a chemical method and an ecological restoration technology. The water diversion dilution and chemical method leads foreign substances to be introduced into the water body, so that the ecological system of the water body is changed, certain negative effects can be brought, even secondary pollution is generated, the sediment dredging, the sediment covering and the deep water aeration can only act within a period of time, the symptoms are treated, the root causes are not treated, the problems cannot be fundamentally solved, the ecological restoration technology is concerned due to the characteristics of environmental protection and sustainable development, but the ecological restoration technology is singly used, and the treatment time is longer.
Based on the original inertia of 'pollution first and then treatment', the existing treatment method basically focuses on how to remove the pollutants in the water body, but the method is rarely related to how to control the source and reduce the water body pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to disclose an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for a lake type water source ground water body, which combines the source control and the treatment of pollutants, so that the treatment time is relatively shorter and the treatment effect is better.
The in-situ pretreatment system comprises a pre-filtration area and a deep treatment area, wherein the pre-filtration area is arranged on the bank side of a water source and comprises a water collecting tank and a filtration wall, the filtration wall is arranged between the water collecting tank and the water body and communicated with the water collecting tank, the deep treatment area comprises a plurality of ecological floating islands, a photocatalytic net is connected between every two adjacent ecological floating islands, a plurality of biological attachment nets are arranged on the lower bottom surfaces of the ecological floating islands, a plurality of stocking net cages are hung at one ends of the biological attachment nets far away from the ecological floating islands, and benthonic animals are bred in the stocking net cages.
The invention relates to an in-situ pretreatment system of a water body of a lake type water source land, which is mainly used for preventing the water body from being polluted and eutrophicated, and is characterized in that the source of pollutants is controlled, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bank side, the surface runoff is collected by the water collecting tank, then the pretreatment is carried out through a filter wall, partial pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like in the incoming water are reduced, the pollutants on the source of the water body of the water source land are reduced, and then the water body is subjected to subsequent treatment through a deep treatment area in the water body. In addition, the arrangement of the water collecting tank can also intercept silt and the like carried in surface runoff, so that the amount of silt entering a lake is reduced, the silt accumulated at the bottom of the lake is prevented, and the silt also carries nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like, so that the source of pollutants is reduced to a certain extent.
The advanced treatment area adopts a mode of combining ecological restoration, photocatalytic treatment and biomembrane treatment, the ecological floating island absorbs nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body by using plants and provides a place for living and oxygen for organisms in the water body, and the organism attachment net and the stocking net cage which are arranged on the bottom surface of the ecological floating island increase the stability and the wind wave resistance of the ecological floating island on one hand, and on the other hand, the organism attachment net provides attachment points for in-situ microorganisms in the water body to form biomembranes on the organism attachment net, so that organic matters in the water body can be decomposed, benthonic animals in the stocking net cage also have certain purification capacity, the water body is purified, and the yield can be increased to a certain extent.
Further, the water collecting tank comprises a settling zone, an emergent aquatic plant purifying zone and a submerged plant purifying zone. The submerged plant can fix and block the silt in the water, and can prevent the silt from accumulating at the filtering wall foot to a certain extent to block the filtering wall.
Further, the filter wall includes the colating outer wall, the colating outer wall is upper end open-ended hollow structure, and the cavity intussuseption is filled with and filters the filler, the top packing that filters the filler has planting soil, it has the alfalfa to carry the kind in the planting soil, the separation net has been laid between planting soil and the filtration filler, the upper portion of filter wall is provided with the flood discharge mouth in the position that is close to the separation net.
The alfalfa belongs to annual or perennial herbaceous plants, the root system of the alfalfa can penetrate more than 15 meters underground, the drought resistance is extremely strong, a large number of new stems can be rapidly regenerated after the alfalfa is harvested, nitrogen and phosphorus absorbed in the filter filler can be absorbed through the alfalfa, and then the alfalfa is harvested to prolong the service life of the filter filler.
Furthermore, the filtering filler takes the modified ceramsite as a core, and a water-retaining layer and a lignocellulose layer are wrapped outside the core.
Further, the water retention layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of zeolite, 1-5 parts of coconut husk, 3-8 parts of peat soil, 1-2 parts of sepiolite, 2-5 parts of cement and 15-30 parts of acrylic resin.
The filtering filler takes the modified ceramsite as a core, and pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water are removed by utilizing the adsorption property of the modified ceramsite, but the modified ceramsite has relatively weak adsorption property on nitrogen, so that the modified ceramsite is wrapped by the water-retaining layer, the raw material of the water-retaining layer comprises zeolite, the zeolite has good adsorption effect on the ammonia nitrogen, and the zeolite and the ammonia nitrogen simultaneously act to achieve better purification effect.
In addition, the water-retaining layer wrapped outside the modified ceramsite, on one hand, bentonite and peat soil in the water-retaining layer also have certain adsorption performance and can increase the adsorption performance of the filtering filler, on the other hand, coconut husk, sepiolite and acrylic resin in the water-retaining layer have water absorption and water retention performance and can provide certain water for the planted alfalfa in a drought season to maintain the growth of the alfalfa, meanwhile, under the action of the water, the alfalfa can better absorb ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the filtering filler, and on the outermost lignocellulose layer, a good attachment point is provided for the root of the alfalfa, so that the root of the alfalfa can be better combined with the filtering filler.
Further, the preparation method of the filter filler comprises the following steps: respectively weighing bentonite, zeolite, coconut husk, peat soil, sepiolite and cement, stirring and mixing uniformly, drying, ball-milling, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, adding acrylic resin, adding water, stirring to obtain viscous mixed emulsion, then introducing air into the mixed emulsion in a pulse mode, stirring vigorously at the same time until a large amount of uniform bubbles appear in the mixed emulsion, immediately adding the modified ceramsite, stirring slowly for 1min, taking out, after the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite is semi-solidified, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30s, and after the interval of 2min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30s again, repeatedly treating until bubbles in the water-retaining layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite are completely broken and a large number of holes appear, continuously maintaining until the water-retaining layer is completely solidified, performing heat treatment on the surface of the water-retaining layer for 15s, then spreading lignocellulose on the water-retaining layer, kneading for 1min, and freeze-drying to obtain the filter filler.
A large amount of bubbles are generated in the mixed emulsion in a mode of introducing air while violently stirring, then the mixed emulsion is wrapped outside the modified ceramsite, the water-retaining layer is semi-dry, has certain hardness and still has certain fluidity, and the bubbles in the water-retaining layer are enlarged by ultrasound and finally burst to form a plurality of holes on the water-retaining layer, so that the specific surface area of the water-retaining layer is increased, and the contact area between the modified ceramsite and water is also increased.
Further, the modified ceramsite is prepared by taking bottom mud of a water collecting tank as a raw material, adding auxiliary materials, a pore-forming agent and an adhesive, sintering and molding, and modifying by using a modifier.
Further, the auxiliary materials are coal ash and sodium silicate, the pore-forming agent is ferrous carbonate, the adhesive is starch, and the modifier is ferrous sulfate.
Further, the mass ratio of the bottom mud to the fly ash to the sodium silicate to the ferrous carbonate to the starch is 5:4:0.1:0.8: 1.
Further, the specific preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: airing the bottom mud collected by the water collecting tank until the water content is 30-35%, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, drying the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent at 80 ℃ for 2-3h, and sieving with the 100-mesh sieve for later use;
molding: according to the raw material formula, respectively weighing the bottom mud, the fly ash, the sodium silicate, the ferrous carbonate and the starch according to the mass ratio of 5:4:0.1:0.8:1, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed powder, adding water accounting for 15% of the mass of the mixed powder, stirring and kneading into mud dough, cutting and kneading into mud pills with the diameter of 5mm, and naturally air-drying in the shade for 24 hours to obtain a blank;
and (3) sintering: placing the blank body into a calcining furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 100 ℃ under the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 10min, heating to 250 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, continuing heating to 550 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, finally heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat and calcining for 50min, finishing calcining, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramsite modified crude product;
modification: soaking the prepared ceramsite modified crude product in 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, taking out the ceramsite modified crude product, washing the ceramsite modified crude product to be neutral by using water, drying the ceramsite modified crude product at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours for later use, introducing chlorine into the rest soaking solution until the solution of ferrous chloride is completely converted into ferric chloride, stopping introducing the chlorine, and concentrating the solution under reduced pressure to 1/4 volumes to obtain concentrated soaking solution; weighing ferrous sulfate to prepare a 0.1mol/L ferrous sulfate solution, respectively weighing a concentrated soaking solution and the ferrous sulfate solution according to a volume ratio of 1:1, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding a dried ceramsite modified crude product according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10g/L, carrying out oscillation reaction for 40min at the temperature of 80 ℃, dropwise adding a 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 10, continuing the reaction for 1.5h, carrying out magnetic separation, washing the solid with water, and drying to obtain the modified ceramsite.
The modified ceramsite of the invention takes the bottom mud of the water collecting tank as a raw material, solves the problem of bottom mud siltation of the water collecting tank, takes ferrous carbonate as a pore-forming agent, under the atmosphere of nitrogen, the ferrous carbonate is heated and decomposed to generate ferrous oxide and carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide escapes, a plurality of holes are formed on the ceramsite, the specific surface area of the modified ceramsite is increased, the generated ferrous oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to be dissolved in the process of soaking in a hydrochloric acid solution, the specific surface area of the modified ceramsite is further increased, and the active sites of the modified ceramsite are increased, thereby increasing the adsorption performance of the modified ceramsite.
In addition, the invention utilizes chlorine to convert ferrous chloride in the soak solution into ferric chloride, fully utilizes resources, combines the ferric chloride with ferrous sulfate, and finally compounds ferroferric oxide on the surface of the modified coarse product of the ceramsite, thereby further improving the adsorption performance of the modified ceramsite on pollutants in water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water bodies, which combines the source control and treatment of pollutants, on one hand, a water collecting tank and a filter wall are arranged before surface runoff warehousing for pretreatment to reduce external pollution, and meanwhile, the water source ground water bodies are treated in multiple directions by combining ecological restoration, photocatalytic treatment and biomembrane treatment, so that the treatment time is relatively shorter, and the system has sustainable development.
2. The filter filler in the invention takes the bottom mud in the water collecting tank as the raw material, solves the problem of bottom mud siltation in the water collecting tank, and has better adsorption performance on pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body and obvious treatment effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ pretreatment system for a lake-type source body of water according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the filter wall of the present invention;
the ecological floating island comprises a water collecting tank 1, a settling zone 11, an emergent aquatic plant purifying zone 12, a submerged plant purifying zone 13, a filter wall 2, a filter outer wall 21, filter fillers 22, planting soil 23, an isolation net 24, a flood discharge port 25, an ecological floating island 3, a photocatalysis net 4, a biological attachment net 5 and a stocking net box 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples below:
the invention relates to an in-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water, which combines the source control and treatment of pollutants, wherein a filter wall is arranged before surface water flows into water, and is filled with filter filler for pretreatment, the filter filler is specifically a modified ceramsite which is taken as a core, and a water-retaining layer and a lignocellulose layer are wrapped outside the core, and the preparation method of the modified ceramsite specifically comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: airing the bottom mud collected by the water collecting tank until the water content is 30-35%, removing impurities, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, drying the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent at 80 ℃ for 3 hours, and sieving with the 100-mesh sieve for later use;
molding: according to the raw material formula, respectively weighing the bottom mud, the fly ash, the sodium silicate, the ferrous carbonate and the starch according to the mass ratio of 5:4:0.1:0.8:1, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed powder, adding water accounting for 15% of the mass of the mixed powder, stirring and kneading into mud dough, cutting and kneading into mud pills with the diameter of 5mm, and naturally air-drying in the shade for 24 hours to obtain a blank;
and (3) sintering: placing the blank body in a calcining furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 100 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 10min, heating to 250 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, continuing heating to 550 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, finally heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat and calcining for 50min, finishing calcining, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain a ceramsite modified crude product;
modification: soaking the prepared ceramsite modified crude product in 1.0mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 hours, taking out the ceramsite modified crude product, washing the ceramsite modified crude product to be neutral by using water, drying the ceramsite modified crude product at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours for later use, introducing chlorine into the rest soaking solution until the solution of ferrous chloride is completely converted into ferric chloride, stopping introducing the chlorine, and concentrating the solution under reduced pressure to 1/4 volumes to obtain concentrated soaking solution; weighing ferrous sulfate to prepare a 0.1mol/L ferrous sulfate solution, respectively weighing a concentrated soaking solution and the ferrous sulfate solution according to a volume ratio of 1:1, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding a dried ceramsite modified crude product according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10g/L, carrying out oscillation reaction for 40min at the temperature of 80 ℃, dropwise adding a 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 10, continuing the reaction for 1.5h, carrying out magnetic separation, washing the solid with water, and drying to obtain the modified ceramsite.
The modified ceramsite prepared by the method is used for preparing the filter filler, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
example preparation of a Filter Filler 1
Respectively weighing 8 parts of bentonite, 6 parts of zeolite, 3 parts of coconut husk, 5 parts of peat soil, 1 part of sepiolite and 3 parts of cement, stirring and mixing uniformly, drying for 3 hours at 60 ℃, then carrying out ball milling, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, adding 20 parts of acrylic resin, adding 20 parts of water, stirring to obtain viscous mixed emulsion, then introducing air into the mixed emulsion in a pulse mode of ventilating for 5s and intermittent 30s at a flow rate of 0.1L/min, stirring vigorously at the same time until a large amount of uniform bubbles appear in the mixed emulsion, immediately adding modified ceramsite according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g/ml, slowly stirring for 1min, taking out, maintaining at 15 ℃, applying ultrasonic treatment for 30s at a power of 120W and a frequency of 25KHz until the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite is semi-solidified, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30s at an intermittent 2min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment again for 30s, and repeating the treatment until the bubbles in the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite are completely, and (3) a large number of holes are formed, the curing is continued until the water-retaining layer is completely solidified, the surface of the water-retaining layer is subjected to heat treatment for 15s at the temperature of 200 ℃ by taking oxygen as a medium, then, lignocellulose is scattered outside the water-retaining layer, the kneading is carried out for 1min, and the freeze drying is carried out to obtain the filter filler.
EXAMPLE two preparation of Filter Filler 2
Respectively weighing 5 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of zeolite, 5 parts of coconut husk, 3 parts of peat soil, 2 parts of sepiolite and 2 parts of cement, stirring and mixing uniformly, drying for 3 hours at 60 ℃, then carrying out ball milling, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, adding 15 parts of acrylic resin, adding 20 parts of water, stirring to obtain viscous mixed emulsion, then introducing air into the mixed emulsion in a pulse mode of ventilating for 5s and intermittent 30s at a flow rate of 0.1L/min, stirring vigorously at the same time until a large amount of uniform bubbles appear in the mixed emulsion, immediately adding modified ceramsite according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g/ml, slowly stirring for 1min, taking out, maintaining at 15 ℃, applying ultrasonic treatment for 30s at a power of 120W and a frequency of 25KHz until the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite is semi-solidified, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30s at the intermittent 2min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment again for 30s, and repeating the treatment until the bubbles in the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite are completely, and (3) a large number of holes are formed, the curing is continued until the water-retaining layer is completely solidified, the surface of the water-retaining layer is subjected to heat treatment for 15s at the temperature of 200 ℃ by taking oxygen as a medium, then, lignocellulose is scattered outside the water-retaining layer, the kneading is carried out for 1min, and the freeze drying is carried out to obtain the filter filler.
Example three preparation of Filter Filler 3
Respectively weighing 10 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of zeolite, 1 part of coconut husk, 8 parts of peat soil, 1 part of sepiolite and 5 parts of cement, stirring and mixing uniformly, drying for 3 hours at 60 ℃, then carrying out ball milling, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, adding 30 parts of acrylic resin, adding 20 parts of water, stirring to obtain viscous mixed emulsion, then introducing air into the mixed emulsion in a pulse mode of ventilating for 5s and intermitting for 30s according to the flow of 0.1L/min, simultaneously carrying out vigorous stirring until a large amount of uniform bubbles appear in the mixed emulsion, immediately adding modified ceramsite according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1g/ml, slowly stirring for 1min, taking out, carrying out maintenance at the temperature of 15 ℃, after the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite is semi-solidified, applying ultrasonic treatment for 30s at the frequency of 25KHz and the power of 120W, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 s again, repeating the treatment for 30s until the bubbles in the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite are completely broken, and (3) a large number of holes are formed, the curing is continued until the water-retaining layer is completely solidified, the surface of the water-retaining layer is subjected to heat treatment for 15s at the temperature of 200 ℃ by taking oxygen as a medium, then, lignocellulose is scattered outside the water-retaining layer, the kneading is carried out for 1min, and the freeze drying is carried out to obtain the filter filler.
Taking a water body of a certain lake type water source place in Zhejiang province, adopting the filter filler prepared in the first to third embodiments to carry out adsorption treatment, and simultaneously taking 1-5mm water treatment ceramsite purchased from the Yangfeng building material ceramsite factory in Huainan City as a reference, and detecting that TN 1.85mg/L, TP.52 mg/L, COD in the water bodymn6.01 mg/L, which belongs to IV-V classes according to the standard limit value of part of basic project standard of surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002), and the detection results after adsorption treatment are shown in the following table:
| item | TN(mg/L) | TP(mg/L) | CODmn(mg/L) |
| Example one | 0.98 | 0.24 | 2.86 |
| Example two | 1.04 | 0.26 | 2.97 |
| EXAMPLE III | 0.96 | 0.21 | 2.94 |
| Prior Art | 1.58 | 0.39 | 4.12 |
It can be seen that the removal rate of the filter filler prepared by the method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water is far greater than that of the existing ceramsite in the market.
Example four
As shown in fig. 1, the in-situ pretreatment system suitable for a lake-type water source ground water body of the embodiment includes a pre-filtration area and a deep treatment area, the pre-filtration area is disposed on the bank of the water source ground, and includes a water collecting tank 1 and a filtration wall 2, the filtration wall 2 is disposed between the water collecting tank 1 and the water body and is communicated with the water collecting tank 1, the deep treatment area includes a plurality of ecological floating islands 3, a photocatalytic net 4 is connected between two adjacent ecological floating islands 3, a plurality of biological attachment nets 5 are mounted on the lower bottom surfaces of the ecological floating islands 3, a plurality of stocking net cages 6 are suspended at one ends of the biological attachment nets 5 far away from the ecological floating islands 3, benthonic animals are bred in the stocking net cages 6, and the water collecting tank 1 includes a settling zone 11, an emergent aquatic plant purification zone 12, and a submerged plant.
As shown in fig. 2, the filter wall 2 includes a rough-filtered outer wall 21, the rough-filtered outer wall 21 may be built by using existing water permeable bricks, a gap smaller than 1mm may be selectively formed between two adjacent water permeable bricks in the same row, the size of the rough-filtered outer wall 21 may be adjusted according to actual conditions, the rough-filtered outer wall 21 is of a hollow structure with an open upper end, and a cavity is filled with a filter filler 22, in this embodiment, the filter filler 22 is prepared as the first embodiment of the filter filler, planting soil 23 is filled at the top of the filter filler 22, alfalfa is planted in the planting soil 23, an isolation net 24 is laid between the planting soil 23 and the filter filler 22, the isolation net 24 can prevent soil from falling between the filter fillers to a certain extent, the net structure does not affect the extension of the roots of the alfalfa, a plurality of flood discharge ports 25 are provided at the upper portion of the filter wall 2 near the isolation net 24, so as to, the water flow is too fast and the filtering is not as fast as the filtering wall 2 is broken down.
The in-situ pretreatment system of the embodiment is utilized to treat IV-V type water bodies of a water source area, the treated water bodies meet II type standards specified in the environmental quality standards of surface water (GB3838-2002), and the treatment effect is good.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an in situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water, a serial communication port, including prefiltration district and advanced treatment zone, prefiltration district sets up in water source land bank limit, including catch basin and filter wall, the filter wall sets up between catch basin and water, and is linked together with the catch basin, advanced treatment zone includes a plurality of ecological chinampa, is connected with the photocatalysis net between two adjacent ecological chinampa, a plurality of biology attached net are installed to ecological chinampa's lower bottom surface, the one end that ecological chinampa was kept away from to biology attached net has hung a plurality of cages of raising, it has benthonic animal to breed in the cage of raising.
2. The in-situ pretreatment system for lake-type water bodies of water sources according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting tank comprises a settling zone, an emergent aquatic plant purifying zone and a submerged plant purifying zone.
3. The in-situ pretreatment system for lake-type water bodies in a water source according to claim 1, wherein the filter wall comprises a rough-filtering outer wall, the rough-filtering outer wall is of a hollow structure with an open upper end, a filter filler is filled in a cavity, planting soil is filled at the top of the filter filler, alfalfa is planted in the planting soil, an isolation net is laid between the planting soil and the filter filler, and a flood discharge port is arranged at the upper part of the filter wall and close to the isolation net.
4. The in-situ pretreatment system for lake water source bodies of water according to claim 3, wherein the filter filler is a core made of modified ceramsite, and the core is wrapped by a water-retaining layer and a lignocellulose layer.
5. The in-situ pretreatment system suitable for the lake water source ground water body according to claim 4, wherein the water retention layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of zeolite, 1-5 parts of coconut husk, 3-8 parts of peat soil, 1-2 parts of sepiolite, 2-5 parts of cement and 15-30 parts of acrylic resin.
6. The in-situ pretreatment system for the lake-type water source ground water body according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the filter filler comprises the following steps: respectively weighing bentonite, zeolite, coconut husk, peat soil, sepiolite and cement, stirring and mixing uniformly, drying, ball-milling, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, adding acrylic resin, adding water, stirring to obtain viscous mixed emulsion, then introducing air into the mixed emulsion in a pulse mode, stirring vigorously at the same time until a large amount of uniform bubbles appear in the mixed emulsion, immediately adding the modified ceramsite, stirring slowly for 1min, taking out, after the water retention layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite is semi-solidified, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30s, and after the interval of 2min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30s again, repeatedly treating until bubbles in the water-retaining layer on the surface of the modified ceramsite are completely broken and a large number of holes appear, continuously maintaining until the water-retaining layer is completely solidified, performing heat treatment on the surface of the water-retaining layer for 15s, then spreading lignocellulose on the water-retaining layer, kneading for 1min, and freeze-drying to obtain the filter filler.
7. The in-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water bodies according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the modified ceramsite is prepared by taking bottom mud of a water collecting tank as a raw material, adding auxiliary materials, pore-forming agents and adhesives, sintering and molding, and modifying by using a modifier.
8. The in-situ pretreatment system suitable for lake type water source ground water body according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary materials are fly ash and sodium silicate, the pore-forming agent is ferrous carbonate, the adhesive is starch, and the modifier is ferrous sulfate.
9. The in-situ pretreatment system suitable for the lake type water source ground water body according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the bottom mud, the fly ash, the sodium silicate, the ferrous carbonate and the starch is 5:4:0.1:0.8: 1.
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