CN111204241A - 用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的方法和系统 - Google Patents

用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的方法和系统 Download PDF

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CN111204241A
CN111204241A CN201911137479.2A CN201911137479A CN111204241A CN 111204241 A CN111204241 A CN 111204241A CN 201911137479 A CN201911137479 A CN 201911137479A CN 111204241 A CN111204241 A CN 111204241A
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alternating current
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D·斯贝塞
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
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    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/525Temperature of converter or components thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于集成充电外围控制器(220)的方法,其中在无变压器的交流电充电装置(202)中通过安全电路来实现接触安全,其中该交流电充电装置(202)在其输入侧由充电插座(122)供应交流电,其中通过该交流电充电装置(202)在其输出侧提供用于给高压电池充电的直流电(106),并且其中由该充电外围控制器(220)来控制充电插座(122),其中将该充电外围控制器(220)布置在该交流电充电装置(202)的壳体内。

Description

用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的方 法和系统
本发明涉及用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的一种方法和一种系统。
如今在电动车辆中安装的交流电充电装置,也被称作车载充电装置,在输入侧借助与充电插板连接的充电线缆将所提供的50/60Hz的、具有110V或240V电源电网的电网电压转换为在输出侧的用于给高压电池充电的高压直流电压。为了建立接触安全,出于安全原因并且为了避免直流电压从高压电池中回馈,输入部分和输出部分藉由至少一个电流解耦的变压器分开。
例如,针对车载充电装置(该车载充电装置集成有逆变器),在美国文献US 2017/0349054A1中描述了多个电流隔离的变压器,这些变压器将输入侧的交流电压施加到与逆变器连接的次级侧。由逆变器提供的直流电压为高压电池充电。
为了规避隔离变压器的如重量和成本等缺点,可以使用未电流隔离的充电装置,其中电气部件必须保证符合安全法规。电动车辆开始批量生产使得这些电子部件的使用增加,其件数一直增加并且其单价部分地下降。同时,出现新的要求,即例如大数据、连接或移动性。因此与所安装的电子部件相关的新趋势决定了需要改变分布和集成到电动车辆中的其他组件中。文献US 2015/0042159A1描述了一种用于集成的车载充电装置的实例。在此,车载充电装置与低电压转换器组合。
充电外围设备的目的在于利用不同的充电标准。例如,文献US 2012/0299531A1公开了一种服务车辆,该服务车辆设计为用于给电动车辆的电池充电。在该服务车辆中分布有多个电池接口、控制和操作单元,以实施充电过程。与之相反,在电动车辆中在充电插板和车载充电装置之间布置有所谓的充电外围控制器,该充电外围控制器在插头识别、充电插座盖调节或世界范围的充电标准方面控制充电插板处的充电过程。迄今为止根据现有技术,这种充电外围控制器还被布置成分布在电动车辆中。
在此背景下,本发明的目的在于,提出在效应、重量、成本和效率方面优化了的交流电充电装置,在该交流电充电装置中集成了充电外围控制器以用于改善包装。同样应可以实现世界范围的充电标准,如识别在充电插板上连接的插头。
为了实现上述目的,提出一种用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的交流电充电装置中的方法,其中在未电流隔离的、即通常无变压器的交流电充电装置中通过安全电路来实现接触安全,其中该交流电充电装置在其输入侧由充电插座供应交流电,其中通过该交流电充电装置在其输出侧提供用于给高压电池充电的直流电,并且其中由该充电外围控制器来控制充电插座,其中将该充电外围控制器布置在该交流电充电装置的壳体内。
未电流隔离的充电装置也被称为gng充电装置,并且是电联接的。根据标准ISO6469必须保证接触安全,为此在gng充电装置中布置有安全电路。有利地,借助于节约空间和成本的功率半导体电子器件来实现安全电路。此外,在gng充电装置中布置有控制功率半导体电子器件的控制单元。在输入侧施加的交流电压由功率半导体电子器件连同控制单元转换为输出侧的直流电压。
对充电过程的控制通过根据本发明集成在gng充电装置中的充电外围控制器来进行。例如,藉由充电外围控制器来控制对启动充电过程的人员(例如电动车辆的驾驶员,该电动车辆可以是汽车)的光学显示。有利地,通过集成该充电外围控制装置可以实现gng充电装置的集成电路(例如控制器)的多种用途。
充电外围控制器实施一系列功能,这些功能涉及充电过程。所有这些功能通过根据本发明的方法被集成到gng充电装置中。
在根据本发明的方法的实施方式中,由充电外围控制器监测充电插座的充电插座翻板,充电插头可以被引入或插入该充电插座中。尤其监测该充电插座翻板的打开或关闭。
在根据本发明的方法的另一实施方式中,由充电外围控制器实施充电插头识别。尤其识别由充电插头引导的电压类型(例如直流电压,单相的、三相的或多相的交流电压)或电压大小。
在根据本发明的方法的还另一实施方式中,由充电外围控制器实施充电插头控制。在充电过程中,尤其监测充电插头在充电插板中的锁定。
在根据本发明的方法的再另一实施方式中,由充电外围控制器实施诊断充电过程,尤其实施温度监测。
在根据本发明的方法的一个实施方式中,通过充电外围控制器来提供不同的充电标准。这些充电标准根据国家名称(例如美国)或地区名称(如欧洲)或国家充电标准(如日本的CHAdeMO或中国的GBT)来选择。
在根据本发明的方法的一个实施方式中,给该交流电充电装置加载以该充电外围控制器所包括的软件模块。该软件模块衍生用于实施充电过程的算法。相应的算法被实施到集成到gng充电装置中的计算单元或集成电路中。
除前述实施方式之外的用于充电过程的功能可以以充电外围控制器的另外的模块来实现,并且根据本发明被集成到gng充电装置中。
此外,要求保护一种用于将充电外围控制器集成到未电流隔离的交流电充电装置中的系统,该系统包括未电流隔离的交流电充电装置和布置在该交流电充电装置的壳体中的充电外围控制模块,其中该系统被配置成用于实施根据以上权利要求之一所述的方法。
在根据本发明的系统的设计方案中,该系统还包括用于控制充电外围设备的12V的接口。
本发明的其他优点和设计方案从说明书和附图中得出。
不言而喻,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,以上提到的这些特征以及仍将在以下说明的特征不仅能够在相应给出的组合中使用,而且还可以在其他组合中或者单独地使用。
将概括并一般性地描述附图,相同的部件指配有相同的附图标记。
附图说明
图1示意性示出根据现有技术的电流隔离的充电装置和充电外围控制装置的电路图。
图2示意性示出根据本发明的方法的实施方式的具有集成的充电外围控制器的未电流隔离的充电装置的电路图。
图3示意性示出根据本发明的方法的实施方式的具有集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的充电外围控制器的电路图。
图1示意性示出根据现有技术的电流隔离的充电装置102和充电外围控制装置120的电路图100。充电装置102包括输入级110和输出级112。交流电104接到输入级110,该交流电由位于充电插座122中的充电插头提供。输出级112与输入级110 经由隔离变压器108电流隔离并且在充电装置102的输出侧提供用于给高压电池充电的直流电压106。输入级110和输出级112由控制单元114控制。充电装置102在其接口116(该接口例如可以是具有6个销的12V的接口)处藉由CAN总线118与充电外围控制装置120连接。充电外围控制装置120控制充电插座122处的充电过程。
图2示意性示出作为根据本发明的方法的实施方式的结果的具有集成的充电外围控制器220的未电流隔离的充电装置202的电路图200。未电流隔离的充电装置202,也被称为gng充电装置202,包括输入级210和输出级212。交流电104接到输入级210,该交流电由位于充电插座122中的充电插头提供。与如今在电动车辆中使用的充电装置相比,在输入级210和输出级212之间存在电联接208。gng充电装置202 在输出侧提供用于给高压电池充电的直流电压106。根据本发明,充电外围控制器220 连同软件模块218集成到gng充电装置202中。充电外围控制器220藉由gng充电装置的接口216控制充电插板122或充电插座122处的充电过程。接口216例如可以涉及具有60个销的12V的接口。在gng充电装置202中,输入级210、输出级212和充电外围控制器220藉由控制模块214相互连接。
图3中示意性示出作为根据本发明的方法的另一个实施方式的结果的具有集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的充电外围控制器220的电路图300。充电外围控制器220 控制在充电插板上执行的充电过程。为此,充电外围控制器220包括:用于监测充电插座翻板锁定301的模块、用于识别充电插头302的模块、用于监测充电插头锁定 303的模块、控制先导模块304、用于日本充电标准CHAdeMO 305的模块、用于根据中国直流电标准GBT充电的模块306、用于在美国的充电过程的模块307、用于在其他国家(除了中国、日本和美国)的充电过程的模块308、诊断模块309、温度监测模块310。在充电外围控制器220中可以布置有另外的模块311。最后,软件模块 218衍生用于实施充电过程的算法。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于将充电外围控制器(220)集成到未电流隔离的交流电充电装置中的方法,其中在未电流隔离的交流电充电装置(202)中通过安全电路来实现接触安全,其中该交流电充电装置(202)在其输入侧由充电插座(122)供应交流电,其中通过该交流电充电装置(202)在其输出侧提供用于给高压电池充电的直流电(106),并且其中由该充电外围控制器(220)来控制充电插座(122),其中将该充电外围控制器(220)布置并且实施在该交流电充电装置(202)的壳体内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中由该充电外围控制器(220)监测充电插座翻板(301)。
3.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法,其中由该充电外围控制器(220)实施充电插头识别(302)。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法,其中由该充电外围控制器(220)实施充电插头控制(303)。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法,其中由该充电外围控制器(220)实施诊断(309)充电过程,尤其实施温度监测(310)。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法,其中通过该充电外围控制器(220)提供不同的充电标准(305,306,307,308)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中根据国家名称(307)或国家充电标准(305,306)选择这些充电标准(305,306,307,308)。
8.根据前述权利要求之一所述的方法,其中给该交流电充电装置(202)加载以该充电外围控制器(220)所包括的软件模块(218)。
9.一种用于将充电外围控制器(220)集成到未电流隔离的充电装置中的系统,该系统包括未电流隔离的交流电充电装置(202)和布置在该交流电充电装置(202)的壳体中的充电外围控制模块(220),其中该系统被配置成用于实施根据权利要求1至8之一所述的方法。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统,该系统还包括用于控制充电外围设备的12V的接口(216)。
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