CN111203005A - Oil-containing wastewater demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Oil-containing wastewater demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier, which is a hyperbranched polymer taking p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, wherein the weight average molecular weight Mw of the hyperbranched polymer is 20878 and the PDI is 5.09. The hyperbranched polymer takes p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, and rigid group benzene rings are introduced at the position of the central core, so that normal-temperature demulsification of crude oil emulsion can be realized, effective separation of oil and water can be realized, and the hyperbranched polymer has the characteristics of high demulsification rate, small dosage and high demulsification efficiency, wherein the demulsification efficiency of 60mg/L of the demulsifier can reach 97.43% in 30 min. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the demulsifier for oily wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum additives, and particularly relates to an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
As the extraction of crude oil becomes more difficult, tertiary oil recovery techniques using water-polymer flooding have been commonly used in large oil fields in recent years, and the extracted crude oil exists in the form of water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W), which results in a large increase in the amount of oily wastewater. Because the oil-water interface has natural interface active substances such as asphaltene and the like to form a compact film, the oily wastewater is highly stable, thereby seriously influencing the petroleum transportation and the subsequent refining process. Therefore, the research on oil-water separation of the oily wastewater has important significance.
Chemical demulsification is a method for demulsifying an emulsion by adding a certain amount of chemical agents into the emulsion, and is widely used due to the characteristics of high efficiency, high speed and the like. Demulsifiers are of crucial importance in the course of demulsification and can be classified by their nature as cationic, anionic and nonionic. Compared with the ionic demulsifier, the nonionic demulsifier is not easily affected by the electrolyte because of having an amphiphilic structure. The selection of the chemical demulsifier is the key of chemical demulsification, and the traditional demulsifier has the problems of low demulsification efficiency, large using amount of the demulsifier, overlong demulsification time, unclear water phase and the like, is sensitive to the environment and the like, and is easy to cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the invention of a rapid, efficient and environment-friendly demulsifier is urgently needed.
The hyperbranched polymer is a highly branched non-ionic demulsifier with geometric and topological structures, is a specially designed macromolecule, and has certain size, shape and reactivity. The hyperbranched polymer with certain interface activity specially designed can quickly dissolve the original interface substances on the surface of oil drops, so that the possibility of breaking oil-water emulsion is very high. The hyperbranched polymer shows better performance than a linear macromolecular surfactant because of the increase of branching, higher interfacial activity, better penetrability and more active terminal groups, and the number of terminal amino groups increases along with the increase of generation number. Research shows that the performance of the amine dendritic polymer is obviously superior to that of the existing commercial demulsifier. Hyperbranched as a mature research direction, patents and articles have been reported on similar structures of hyperbranched polymers. For example, chinese patent CN105601941B discloses an application of an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier as a demulsifier, wherein the hyperbranched polymer has ethylenediamine as a center, an amino group as an end group, and a molecular weight of 6000 to 12000, and demulsifies an oil-in-water emulsion in which diesel oil is an oil phase at a concentration of 80mg/L, and the oil removal rate is 87% when the emulsion is reduced at 60 ℃ for 30 min. The amount of demulsifier used is still to be further reduced.
However, the demulsifiers provided at present have good demulsification effect at higher temperature, and the demulsifiers have no effect on crude oil emulsion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides the demulsifier for the oily wastewater, which can be used for demulsifying the oily wastewater at normal temperature and has high demulsification efficiency; the second aspect of the invention aims to provide a preparation method of an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier; the third aspect of the invention aims to provide application of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier, which is a hyperbranched polymer taking p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, wherein the weight average molecular weight Mw of the hyperbranched polymer is 20878 and the PDI is 5.09.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a preparation method of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving p-phenylenediamine in a solvent, adding methyl acrylate into the solvent, and reacting at normal temperature to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, adding methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine into the intermediate 1, reacting at normal temperature, and removing the solvent and the incompletely reacted monomers by reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 2;
and S3, under the condition of reduced pressure, carrying out gradient temperature rise reaction on the intermediate 2 from 60-140 ℃ for 8-10 h to obtain a target product.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides the application of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater in demulsification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hyperbranched polymer provided by the invention takes p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, and a rigid group benzene ring is introduced at the position of the central core, so that normal-temperature demulsification of crude oil emulsion can be realized, and effective separation of oil and water can be realized, and the hyperbranched polymer has the characteristics of high demulsification rate, small using amount and high demulsification efficiency, wherein the demulsification efficiency of 60mg/L of the demulsifier can reach 97.43% in 30 min;
2. the synthetic method of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater is simple, the reaction condition is mild, and the reaction is safe;
3. compared with other existing hyperbranched polymers, the oil-containing wastewater demulsifier provided by the invention can be used for demulsifying crude oil emulsion, and the existing hyperbranched polyamide-amine polymer can only be used for demulsifying diesel oil emulsion and cannot be used for demulsifying crude oil emulsion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic synthetic diagram of an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an demulsifier for oily wastewater prepared in example 1 of the present invention1A HNMR map;
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of the demulsifier for oily wastewater prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the demulsifying effect of the demulsifier for oily wastewater produced in example 1 of the present invention after adding different contents of the demulsifier for oily wastewater into crude oil emulsion and demulsifying at 25 ℃ and 60 ℃ for 30min, wherein 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100mg/L (ppm) of the demulsifier for oily wastewater produced in example 1 is added into a test bottle from left to right;
it should be noted that: the H's at different positions in the molecular structure are indicated in fig. 1 by lower case letters a-n, and the different peak positions from different H's in the molecular structure are indicated in fig. 2 by lower case letters.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier, which is a hyperbranched polymer taking p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, wherein the weight average molecular weight Mw of the hyperbranched polymer is 20878, the PDI of the hyperbranched polymer is 5.09, and the structure of the hyperbranched polymer is as follows (it needs to be explained that the hyperbranched structure is changeable and complex, and the following structure is a theoretical molecular structure):
the specific preparation method of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater comprises the following steps:
(1) p-phenylenediamine is dissolved in a solvent, methyl acrylate is added into the solvent, and an intermediate 1 is obtained through reaction at normal temperature;
(2) adding methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine into the intermediate 1, reacting at normal temperature, and removing the solvent and the incompletely reacted monomers by reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 2;
(3) and under the condition of reduced pressure, carrying out gradient temperature rise reaction on the intermediate 2 from 60-140 ℃ for 8-10 h to obtain a target product.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the molar ratio of p-phenylenediamine to methyl acrylate in step (1) is 1: 4.
in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the solvent used in step (1) is methanol.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, in the step (1), the p-phenylenediamine and the methyl acrylate are stirred and reacted for 20-30 hours at normal temperature, and the stirring speed is 250-350 r/min.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the molar ratio of ethylenediamine to p-phenylenediamine is 1: 27-29; more preferably, the molar ratio of ethylenediamine to p-phenylenediamine is 1: 28.
in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the molar ratio of the total amount of methyl acrylate added in step (1) and step (2) to ethylenediamine is 1: 0.8 to 1.2; more preferably, the molar ratio of the total amount of methyl acrylate added to ethylenediamine is 1: 1.
in some preferred embodiments of the invention, in the step (2), the intermediate 1, the methyl acrylate and the ethylenediamine are stirred and reacted for 20-30 hours at normal temperature, and the stirring speed is 250-350 r/min.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the step (3) is performed by gradient heating specifically as follows: reacting at 60 deg.C for 1h, heating to 80 deg.C for 1h, heating to 100 deg.C for 2h, heating to 120 deg.C for 2h, and heating to 140 deg.C for 2 h. The invention ensures the iteration of the reaction by gradient temperature rise, reduces the occurrence probability of side reaction in the reaction process and improves the purity of the target product.
According to the invention, the adding amount of each reactant, the stirring speed in the reaction process and the reaction are optimized, and a gradient heating mode is adopted for reaction, so that fewer byproducts are generated in the reaction process, the obtained product result is more controllable, and the synthesis rate of the hyperbranched polymer is favorably improved.
The invention also provides application of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater in demulsification, wherein the demulsifier for the oily wastewater is dispersed into the oily wastewater for demulsification, the demulsification temperature is 25-60 ℃, and the demulsification time is 15-60 min.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the addition amount of the demulsifier for oily wastewater in oily wastewater is 20-100 mg/l. The addition amount is less than 20mg/l, and the demulsification effect is poor; when the addition amount is more than 100mg/l, the demulsification effect is basically not changed, and the economic cost is increased.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the oil phase in the oily wastewater is crude oil or diesel oil.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given to further illustrate the present invention. The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; materials, reagents and the like used in examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
the embodiment 1 of the invention provides a preparation method of an oil-containing wastewater demulsifier, which comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 2.16g (0.02mol) of p-phenylenediamine in 30ml of methanol, then dropwise adding 6.88g (0.08mol) of methyl acrylate, uniformly mixing, and stirring the mixed solution at normal temperature (25 ℃) at the speed of 300r/min for reacting for 24 hours to obtain an intermediate 1;
(2) adding 33.6g (0.56mol) of ethylenediamine and 41.28g (0.48mol) of methyl acrylate into the intermediate 1 prepared in the step (1), continuing stirring and reacting at the normal temperature at the speed of 300r/min for 24 hours, and then removing the solvent methanol and other unreacted monomers by reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 2;
(3) and (3) reacting the intermediate 2 at 60 ℃ for 1h, 80 ℃ for 1h, 100 ℃ for 2h, 120 ℃ for 2h and 140 ℃ for 2h under reduced pressure, naturally cooling the obtained reaction product to normal temperature, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the purplish red target product.
The hyperbranched polymer prepared in this example was subjected to1The HNMR analysis shows that the test result is shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that each peak position is consistent with the H position of different positions in the hyperbranched polymer structure. The test results of the infrared test analysis on the hyperbranched polymer prepared in this example are shown in fig. 3, and the results in fig. 2 and fig. 3 can confirm that the hyperbranched polymer prepared in this example 1 is successfully synthesized as shown in the above structure.
The demulsifier for oily wastewater prepared in example 1 was dispersed in an emulsion for demulsification, and the demulsification efficiency (oil removal rate) was calculated by measuring the light transmittance of the aqueous phase and the residual oil content before and after demulsification, by an emulsion demulsification experiment. The oily wastewater is prepared by the following method: 5g of Hainan crude oil and 495ml of distilled water are mixed fully and then mixed at 11000 r.min-1Stirring at high speed for 20min to obtain oily wastewater containing 1% of oil. The diesel oil emulsion is prepared by the following method: 0.91g of Tween 80 and 0.09g of Span80 are added, 450mL of distilled water and 50g of diesel oil are added, and then the temperature is 11000 r.min-1Stirring at high speed for 20min to obtain diesel oil emulsion containing 10% oil.
Application example 1:
preparing a demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 400mg/L (400ppm) from the demulsifier of the oily wastewater, adding 1mL of the demulsifier aqueous solution into 19mL of the oily wastewater, namely the concentration of the demulsifier of the oily wastewater in the oily wastewater is 20mg/L (20ppm), uniformly mixing the demulsifier aqueous solution and the oily wastewater by rapid oscillation, standing the mixture for 15min at normal temperature, and measuring the light transmittance of a water phase to be 35.6 percent and the demulsification efficiency to be 91.5 percent; standing at normal temperature for 30min, and measuring the light transmittance of the water phase to be 47.9% and the demulsification efficiency to be 93.62%; then standing for 60min at normal temperature, measuring the light transmittance of the water phase to be 48.3% and the demulsification efficiency to be 92.89%.
Application example 2:
preparing a demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 400mg/L (400ppm) from the demulsifier of the oily wastewater, adding 1mL of the demulsifier aqueous solution into 19mL of the oily wastewater, namely the concentration of the demulsifier of the oily wastewater in the oily wastewater is 20mg/L (20ppm), uniformly mixing the demulsifier aqueous solution by rapid oscillation, standing the mixture at 60 ℃ for 15min, and measuring the light transmittance of an aqueous phase to be 51.1 percent and the demulsification efficiency to be 95.15 percent; standing for 30min, and determining that the light transmittance of the water phase is 52.4% and the demulsification efficiency is 95.88%; after standing for 60min, the light transmittance of the water phase is measured to be 60.5%, and the demulsification efficiency is measured to be 96.7%.
Application example 3:
preparing a demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 1200mg/L (1200ppm) from the demulsifier of the oily wastewater, adding 1mL of the demulsifier aqueous solution into 19mL of the oily wastewater, namely the demulsifier of the oily wastewater with the concentration of 60mg/L (60ppm) in the oily wastewater, uniformly mixing the demulsifiers by rapid oscillation, standing the mixture at normal temperature for 30min, and measuring the light transmittance of a water phase to be 57% and the demulsification efficiency to be 96.35%.
Application example 4:
preparing a demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 1200mg/L (1200ppm) from the demulsifier of the oily wastewater, adding 1mL of the demulsifier aqueous solution into 19mL of the oily wastewater, namely the demulsifier of the oily wastewater with the concentration of 60mg/L (60ppm) in the oily wastewater, uniformly mixing the demulsifier aqueous solution by rapid oscillation, standing the mixture at 60 ℃ for 30min, and measuring the light transmittance of an aqueous phase to be 61.5 percent and the demulsification efficiency to be 97.43 percent.
Application example 5:
preparing a demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 400mg/L (400ppm) from the demulsifier of the oily wastewater, adding 1mL of the demulsifier aqueous solution into 19mL of the oily wastewater, namely, the concentration of the demulsifier of the oily wastewater in the oily wastewater is 20mg/L (20ppm), adding 0.2g of NaCl solid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing the mixture by rapid oscillation, standing the mixture at normal temperature for 30min, and measuring the light transmittance of an aqueous phase to be 72.4 percent and the demulsification efficiency to be 99.01 percent.
Comparative example 1:
respectively adding 1mL of EDA (ethylenediamine) demulsifier aqueous solution with the concentration of 400ppm and 1mL of the aqueous solution of the demulsifier for oily wastewater in the embodiment 1 with the concentration of 400ppm to 19mL of oily wastewater or diesel emulsion, namely, the concentrations of the EDA demulsifier in the oily wastewater of two groups of experimental bottles and the demulsifier for oily wastewater are both 20mg/L (20ppm), respectively and uniformly mixing by rapid oscillation, and standing the two groups of experimental bottles for 30min at normal temperature to find that the EDA demulsifier has no effect on the oily wastewater but has effect on the diesel emulsion; the demulsifier for oily wastewater has an effect on oily wastewater, but has no effect on diesel emulsion.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the demulsification effect of the demulsifier added into the oily wastewater with the concentration of 20-100 ppm is remarkable. As can be seen from application examples 1-4 and comparative example 1, the hyperbranched polymer demulsifier using p-phenylenediamine as the center provided by the invention has good demulsification efficiency on oily wastewater, and the demulsifier has good demulsification effect at normal temperature, and the oil removal rate of 60mg/L wastewater-containing demulsifier on oily wastewater emulsion reaches 96.35% in 30 min. The results show that the hyperbranched polymer taking p-phenylenediamine as the center provided by the invention can be used for demulsifying the oily wastewater at normal temperature, and the demulsifier for the oily wastewater has the advantages of low consumption and high demulsification efficiency. The application example 5 shows that the demulsifier for the oily wastewater has better salt tolerance, and the demulsification efficiency of the demulsifier for the oily wastewater can be improved by adding sodium chloride into the oily wastewater.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The demulsifier for the oily wastewater is characterized by being a hyperbranched polymer which takes p-phenylenediamine as a center, methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine as branched chain segments and amino as an end group, wherein the weight average molecular weight Mw of the hyperbranched polymer is 20878 and the PDI is 5.09.
2. The preparation method of the demulsifier for oily wastewater according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving p-phenylenediamine in a solvent, adding methyl acrylate into the solvent, and reacting at normal temperature to obtain an intermediate 1;
s2, adding methyl acrylate and ethylenediamine into the intermediate 1, reacting at normal temperature, and removing the solvent and the incompletely reacted monomers by reduced pressure distillation to obtain an intermediate 2;
and S3, under the condition of reduced pressure, carrying out gradient temperature rise reaction on the intermediate 2 from 60-140 ℃ for 8-10 h to obtain a target product.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of p-phenylenediamine to methyl acrylate in step S1 is 1: 4.
4. the preparation method of the hyperbranched polymer of claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the p-phenylenediamine and the methyl acrylate are stirred and reacted for 20-30 h at normal temperature, and the stirring speed is 250-350 r/min.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of ethylene diamine to p-phenylenediamine is 1: 27 to 29.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of the total amount of methyl acrylate added to the ethylene diamine is 1: 0.8 to 1.2.
7. The preparation method of the hyperbranched polymer of claim 2, wherein in the step S2, the intermediate 1, the methyl acrylate and the ethylenediamine are stirred and reacted for 20-30 h at normal temperature, and the stirring speed is 250-350 r/min.
8. The method for preparing hyperbranched polymer according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 is performed by gradient temperature rise specifically by the following method: reacting at 60 deg.C for 1h, heating to 80 deg.C for 1h, heating to 100 deg.C for 2h, heating to 120 deg.C for 2h, and heating to 140 deg.C for 2 h.
9. The application of the demulsifier for oily wastewater according to claim 1 in demulsification, wherein the demulsifier for oily wastewater is dispersed into the oily wastewater to perform demulsification, and the demulsification temperature is 25-60 ℃ and the demulsification time is 15-60 min.
10. The application of the demulsifier for oily wastewater according to claim 9 in demulsification, wherein the addition amount of the demulsifier for oily wastewater in oily wastewater is 20-100 mg/l, and the oil phase in the oily wastewater is crude oil or diesel oil.
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| CN114773578A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-22 | 武汉工程大学 | Epoxy resin co-curing agent, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115124713A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-30 | 麦加芯彩新材料科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Ionic liquid demulsifier with four-branch structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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