CN111202065B - Adult drosophila ziziphus jujuba attractant and application thereof - Google Patents

Adult drosophila ziziphus jujuba attractant and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111202065B
CN111202065B CN201911270253.XA CN201911270253A CN111202065B CN 111202065 B CN111202065 B CN 111202065B CN 201911270253 A CN201911270253 A CN 201911270253A CN 111202065 B CN111202065 B CN 111202065B
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ethyl
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attractant
jujube
myristic acid
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CN111202065A (en
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阿地力·沙塔尔
阿不都瓦哈·艾再孜
阿布都拉·艾克拜尔
王岩
刘忠军
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Xinjiang Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
    • A01M1/14—Catching by adhesive surfaces
    • A01M1/145—Attracting and catching insects using combined illumination or colours and adhesive surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
    • A01M2200/01—Insects
    • A01M2200/012—Flying insects

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Abstract

The invention discloses a jujube fly imago attractant and application thereof, wherein the attractant comprises myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate; when the attractant is used, different attractant formulas are provided for male imagoes and female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies, jujube fruit volatile matters are used as the attractant to be matched with the yellow insect sticking plate, the attractant has the characteristics of good attraction effect, strong specificity and no adverse effect on the environment, the attraction activity of 6 substances in the formula on the jujube fruit flies is respectively tested by a four-arm olfactometer, and the result shows that: the female has strong selectivity on ethyl palmitate, ethyl laurate and myristic acid, and the selectivity is more than 30%; the male worms have strong selectivity to the linoleic acid ethyl ester and the oleic acid ethyl ester, and the selectivity is over 25 percent. The attracting effect of the volatile myristic acid is stronger when the myristic acid is monitored in the field for 8 days continuously, the maximum trapping amount reaches 23 heads per head, and the average trapping amount reaches 18.2 heads per head.

Description

Adult drosophila ziziphus jujuba attractant and application thereof
The invention relates to a divisional application of an invention creation name of a jujube fruit fly imago attractant and application thereof, which is applied by an applicant at 31.7.7.2017, wherein the application date of the original application is 31.7.7.2017, the application number is 201710642940.4, and the invention creation name of the jujube fruit fly imago attractant and application thereof.
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of forestry insect prevention, in particular to the technical field of an attractant.
Background
The jujube fruit fly (Carpomya vesuviana Costa) is one of important epidemic-detecting pests of jujube trees. In the comprehensive control of the red-jujube fruit flies, the traditional yellow sticky trap is used as an attractant to monitor and trap and kill adults, but the yellow sticky trap has poor specificity and unsatisfactory effect. The biological control of the trypetid pests can also utilize methods of parasitic natural enemies, attractants, insect sterility technology and the like, and the attractants have the characteristics of strong specificity, convenient use, no environmental pollution and the like. The fly type pest attractants can be roughly classified into the following three types: methyl eugenol, chemical compositions such as lurone, hydrolyzed protein and plant extract attractant.
The earliest Howlett research found that Methyl eugenol (Methyl eugenol) had a better attracting effect on males of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel and Bactrocera persicae (Dacus zonatus Saunders). Drew utilizes different attractants to monitor the euglena pests in Australia, and finds that methyl eugenol has attraction effect on 13 euglena pests. According to researches on Shanghan, Sun Yang and the like, the methyl eugenol has strong attractive force on fruit fly pests, namely male insects, can trap and kill a large number of male insects, can effectively reduce the mating probability between wild female and male insects, so that the insect population density of fruit flies in an orchard can be greatly reduced by trapping and killing for a long time. The methyl eugenol which has the best attraction effect in the attraction substances for the male of the trypetid pests has the attraction effect on the sexually mature males, but has no attraction effect on the immature males, particularly on the females.
The hydrolyzed protein poison bait has wide trapping range and certain trapping effect on female and male trypetid pests, Bishopp reports that trypetid pests can be trapped by broth and degradation products of the broth, and later some hydrolyzed protein substances are reported to attract Bactrocera dorsalis. The Steiner study found that: the protein hydrolysate and sugar are mixed, and yeast glycolysis substances have better attraction effect on Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Bactrocera Zeugodacus cucurbitae Coquilett) and Bactrocera minax enderrin (Bactrocera minax enderrin) imagoes, and the attracted female insects are more than the attracted male insects. The research on the attraction effect of the host plant fruit components on the oriental fruit flies shows that the host plant fruit components have different attraction effects on the fruit flies. Such methods are not very specific and may also attract other pests.
The luring effect of the plant extract on the trypetid pests is mainly completed by the tropism of volatile plant secondary metabolic compounds. Howltt found that bay (Laurus nobilis) oil had an attractive effect on adults of Bactrocera dorsalis. Liuhui et al have reported that citrus fruit flies can make host selection by recognizing different host plant volatiles, and a plurality of mature fruit volatile substances such as guavas (Psidium guajava Linn), mangoes (Mangifera indica L.), carambola Linn (Averrhoa carambola Linn) and bananas (Musa nana Lour) have certain attraction effect on citrus fruit fly adults before mating, and the female insect tendency is larger than that of male insects. Researches of golden chrysanthemum and the like report that volatile matters of 5 varieties of fruits of wax apple (Syzygium samarangese Merr. & Perry) at different development stages have certain attraction effect on female citrus fruit fly, wherein 3 volatile matters of isobutyl acetate, decanal, camphor and the like have obvious attraction effect on female citrus fruit fly. The induction effect of the plant extract on the trypetid pests is different from that of the female pests and the male pests.
In the aspect of the zaocysts, the Bakistan uses methyl eugenol (methyl eugeniol) as an attractant and malathion to monitor the zaocysts and largely trap and kill imagoes. However, no report exists for a specific attractant with outstanding functions of the Bactrocera dorsalis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a jujube fruit fly imago attractant and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the traditional yellow sticky trap and attractant have poor attraction specificity and unsatisfactory trapping effect on jujube fruit fly imagos, wherein the attractant comprises one or more of myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, a mixture, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a jujube fruit fly imago attractant which comprises one or more of myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate.
Preferably, the invention provides a jujube trypetid imago attractant which comprises 40-60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 45-55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35-45 parts of ethyl palmitate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 25-35 parts of myristic acid and 12-20 parts of ethyl laurate.
Preferably, the invention provides a jujube trypetid imago attractant which comprises 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate.
Meanwhile, the invention provides an application of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant in pest control of the jujube field, when attracting male adult jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, a yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of a jujube tree, the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant is coated on the yellow insect sticking plate in advance, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant comprises 40-60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 45-55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35-45 parts of ethyl palmitate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 25-35 parts of myristic acid and 12-20 parts of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5-1.7 m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Meanwhile, the invention provides an application of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant in pest control of the jujube field, when attracting female adult jujube fruit fly, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, a yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of a jujube tree, the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant is coated on the yellow insect sticking plate in advance, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant comprises 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5-1.7 m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Preferably, when attracting the male adults of the jujube fruit fly, the attractant for the adult jujube fruit fly comprises 60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35 parts of ethyl palmitate, 40 parts of ethyl myristate, 30 parts of myristic acid and 16 parts of ethyl laurate.
Preferably, when attracting the female imagoes of the zaocys dhumnades, the attractant for the adult zaocys dhumnades comprises 55 parts of ethyl palmitate, 55 parts of myristic acid, 40 parts of ethyl laurate, 35 parts of ethyl myristate, 25 parts of ethyl linoleate and 20 parts of ethyl oleate.
In the invention, the yellow pest sticking plate is arranged towards the sun-back surface.
In the present invention, myristic acid is used as a solid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, mixtures, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate are used as liquid stock solutions.
In the invention, a sun shield is arranged above the yellow pest sticking plate.
By implementing the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) the invention provides a jujube fruit fly imago attractant which comprises one or more of myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, a mixture, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate.
(2) The invention provides a jujube fruit fly imago attractant and application thereof, and defines the attraction effect of 6 jujube fruit volatile matters on jujube fruit flies. The attracting activity of 6 substances, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and myristic acid, to the jujube fruit fly was tested by a four-arm olfactometer. The results show that: the female has strong selectivity on ethyl palmitate, ethyl laurate and myristic acid, and the selectivity is more than 30%; the male worms have strong selectivity to the linoleic acid ethyl ester and the oleic acid ethyl ester, and the selectivity is over 25 percent. The attracting effect of the volatile myristic acid is stronger when the myristic acid is monitored in the field for 8 days continuously, the maximum trapping amount reaches 23 heads per head, and the average trapping amount reaches 18.2 heads per head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The four-arm olfactometer and the trypetid insect adult feeding device adopted by the invention can be purchased or customized through public channels, and RTOP type intelligent artificial climate box (Zhejiang Topu instrument Co., Ltd.), culture dish (phi 10 cm), insect sucker, honey (commercially available black bee honey), yeast extract (Beijing Oobozotan biotechnology Co., Ltd.), absorbent cotton, measuring cylinder, sterile water, electronic peace, triangular trap (Baoji Guanren biotechnology Co., Ltd.), common yellow armyworm plate (Ningbo Ningn biotechnology Co., Ltd.), ethyl palmitate (Chengdong Gonggao chemical technology Co., Ltd.), ethyl oleate (Tianjin Zhisheng Yuanshi chemical tester Co., Ltd.), ethyl linoleate (Shanghai Karma industry Co., Ltd.), ethyl laurate (Chengdong Gongya chemical tester Co., Ltd.), and ethyl myristate (Shandong Xiya chemical industry Co., Ltd.), myristic acid (Tokyo chemical industry Co., Ltd.) was prepared using equipment and equipment commonly used in the art.
All materials, reagents and equipment selected for use in the present invention are well known in the art, but do not limit the practice of the invention, and other reagents and equipment well known in the art may be suitable for use in the practice of the following embodiments of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: selective determination of jujube fruit volatile matter by jujube fruit fly
1.1 the luring effect of six jujube fruit volatile matters on the jujube fruit flies is determined
Insect source and breeding: collecting jujubes with larvae in a Turpan City EdingHuxiang Jongkuleri village (42 degrees 53 '45' N and 89 degrees 3 '29' E) jujube garden in 7 months in 016, bringing the jujubes with the larvae back indoors and placing the jujubes on sandy soil, and enabling the larvae to naturally take off fruits and go into soil for pupation. The obtained pupa and imago are raised under the conditions of 28 +/-1 ℃, RH 35% +/-5% and photoperiod 14L: 10D. Collecting the imagoes every 3-5 h in the eclosion period. The eggs are separated into cages according to the eclosion date, and female and male insects are separately bred by 20 percent of honey water and 20 percent of yeast paste liquid (according to the volume ratio of 1: 1).
Test volatiles: in 2002, 19 volatile chemical substances obtained by ethanol extraction of three ethyl myristate volatile substance components were tested as experimental materials by musky startups and the like, and a four-arm olfactometer was used for testing the behavior reaction of the jujube fruit flies on the jujube fruit volatile substances, preferably the jujube fruit volatile substances.
In the indoor test, 20 jujube fruit flies are divided into 19 groups for testing, each test group takes three regions as treatment regions, absorbent cotton soaked by jujube fruit volatile substances to be tested is placed in an trapping bottle (the test objects are replaced every 3h in the test process), the remaining region is used as a control, the absorbent cotton soaked by clear water is placed in the trapping bottle, and the air flow in a test arm is 0.5L/min. Each substance was tested for 20 adults, female and male separately. The reaction of the adult was observed for 1 time every 1h, and the observation was continued for 12 h. During the test, adults resting on the basal arm were considered as unreacted, and adults entering the trap flask were considered as selective. Each volatile substance was subjected to 3 concentration gradients (liquid was diluted 10-fold and 100-fold in terms of: stock solution, solid was dissolved with absolute ethanol and then diluted in terms of the liquid dilution method), and each concentration gradient was repeated 3 times. After each test, all the channels of the olfactometer were rinsed with alcohol (analytical grade, 75%) and placed in an oven to dry for 6h to avoid the smell of the test substances from 2 times before and after each test from affecting each other. The test is carried out at the room temperature of 28-30 ℃, and 2 fluorescent lamps with the power of more than 30W are provided above the olfactometer as a uniform light source. Throughout the experiment females and males were tested separately. The selection rate and the selection coefficient of the jujube fruit fly to each volatile component are substituted into the formulas 1-1 and 1-2 for calculation.
Figure BDA0002312896060000071
Figure BDA0002312896060000072
The 19 jujube volatile matters are respectively tested by a four-arm olfactometer, and the result shows that 6 substances, namely ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and myristic acid, have the strongest attraction activity on the jujube fruit flies in sequence. From the experimental results of these 6 substances, it can be seen in table 1 that female jujube flies have a certain selectivity to six jujube volatile substances, a stronger selectivity to ethyl palmitate, myristic acid and ethyl laurate, and a second order to ethyl myristate. The selectivity and the selection coefficient are both more than 30 percent. The selection rate of the jujube fruit fly to the stock solution of the 6 jujube fruit volatile matters is 33.3 percent, 32.5 percent, 30 percent, 28.4 percent, 18.4 percent and 16.7 percent respectively. From the selection rates and the selection coefficients of the 6 jujube fruit volatile matters to different concentration gradients (stock solution, dilution by 10 times and dilution by 100 times), the selection rates and the selection coefficients are decreased along with the decrease of the concentration. As shown by single-factor anova analysis and multiple comparisons of selection coefficients and selectivity of 6 different volatile matters by the Bactrocera zakii, no significant difference exists between ethyl palmitate, myristic acid and ethyl laurate, and P is 0.68(P is more than 0.05) and is significantly different from ethyl myristate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate (P is less than 0.05). The selectivity of the stock solution is more than 2.5 times greater than that of the stock solution diluted by 10 times and more than 5 times of that of the stock solution diluted by 100 times, according to the analysis of the selectivity and the selectivity coefficient of different dilution times. It can be seen that the concentration of the volatile matter is in direct proportion to the selection rate and the selection coefficient of the Bactrocera dorsalis.
Table 1: selectivity of female jujube flies to different volatile matters
Figure BDA0002312896060000081
Figure BDA0002312896060000091
As shown in Table 2 below, the male worms have strong selectivity to ethyl linoleate, the selectivity and the selectivity coefficient respectively reach 28.3 percent and 26.7 percent, and the selectivity to ethyl oleate is inferior. The selectivity sequence for 6 volatiles was linoleic acid ethyl ester > oleic acid ethyl ester > palmitic acid ethyl ester > myristic acid > lauric acid ethyl ester. The selectivities were 28.3%, 25%, 21.6%, 16.65% and 15%, respectively. As for the selection rate and the selection coefficient of the jujube fruit fly on 6 jujube fruit volatile matters with different concentration gradients (stock solution, 10-fold dilution and 100-fold dilution), the selection rate and the selection coefficient are decreased along with the decrease of the concentration.
Table 2: selectivity of male jujube fruit fly to different volatile matters
Figure BDA0002312896060000092
Figure BDA0002312896060000101
As shown by single-factor anova and multiple comparisons of the selection coefficient and the selectivity, the ethyl linoleate stock solution and the 5 other volatile substance stock solutions have significant differences (P is less than 0.05). This indicates that the male Drosophila ziziphus has a stronger selectivity for ethyl linoleate than the female. When analyzed by different concentration gradients, the selectivity and the selection coefficient of each volatile stock solution are far higher than those of the diluted solution by 10 times and 100 times.
1.2 field attraction effect of different volatile matters on the jujube fruit flies
The experiment is carried out in 4 villages (the area of the jujube garden is 2.8 hm) in the Edinglake county of Turpan city from 20 days to 9 months in 20162)5 villages (the area of the jujube garden is 5 hm)2) Zhuzhuangzi village (jujube garden area is 1 hm)2) The date garden is waiting for land, the geographic position is 42 degrees, 53 '45' N, 89 degrees, 3 '29' E, and the altitude is-153 m. The jujube trees grow 7-10 years old, the tree height is 2.0m-3m, alfalfa is intercropped between rows, and jujube orchard with moderate to severe occurrence of jujube fruit flies in the past year.
Three sample plots with similar standing conditions are selected, and various volatile matters are hung on one branch of the sunshade surfaces of the crowns of different jujube trees in a random arrangement mode. The hanging height is 1.5m away from the ground, and the interval between two adjacent traps is about 5 m. The tested volatiles were ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and myristic acid, 1ml of liquid (L) was dropped onto the dry cotton mass in the center of the triangular trap, 1g of solid (S) was weighed into the middle of the trap and numbered on the trap for convenience of investigation and recording of the corresponding trapping results. 6 treatments were applied to each plot, 5 replicates were suspended for a total of 35 traps, cotton balls of the control traps were dropped with clear water as a Control (CK), observed every 2d for 8d continuously, and the numbers of female and male insects trapped were recorded, respectively, and the trapping rate and the average number of traps were calculated by the formulas (1-3, 1-4).
Figure BDA0002312896060000111
Figure BDA0002312896060000112
The test results are shown in the table 3, and the attraction effect of the mixture of 6 different volatile matters and six volatile matters on the adult jujube fruit flies in the field is different to a certain extent. Continuous 8d attraction tests show that the attraction effect of myristic acid and myristic acid ethyl ester is strong, the total trapping number is 209 heads and 208 heads respectively, and the average trapping number is 13.8 heads per piece. 2d to 23 and 18 traps per sheet. The trapping effect of 6 different jujube fruit volatile matters and mixtures on adult jujube fruit flies is that the sequence of myristic acid > ethyl myristate > ethyl laurate > ethyl palmitate > mixing > ethyl linoleate > ethyl oleate is respectively 13.8 heads/one, 12.1 heads/one, 10.8 heads/one, 7.8 heads/one, 6.9 heads/one and 6.8 heads/one.
Table 3: attraction effect of different volatile matters on jujube fruit flies
Figure BDA0002312896060000113
The total average number of the trapped insects in the table 3 is subjected to one-factor variance analysis, and the obvious difference P between the trapping effects of 6 different volatile matters on the field of the zamioculcas zamiifolia is 106.8-P0.05. Multiple comparisons showed that there was no significant difference between myristic acid and myristic acid ethyl ester (P > 0.05), and that there was a significant difference between lauric acid ethyl ester, oleic acid ethyl ester, linoleic acid ethyl ester, and palmitic acid ethyl ester.
Example two: jujube fruit fly adult attractant
The invention provides a jujube fruit fly imago attractant which comprises one or more of myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate.
Preferably, the invention provides a jujube trypetid imago attractant which comprises 40-60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 45-55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35-45 parts of ethyl palmitate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 25-35 parts of myristic acid and 12-20 parts of ethyl laurate.
Preferably, the invention provides a jujube trypetid imago attractant which comprises 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate.
Example three: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
The invention provides an application of a jujube fruit fly imago attractant in pest control of a jujube field, when attracting male adults of the jujube fruit fly, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, a yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to a crown of a jujube tree, the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with the jujube fruit fly imago attractant in advance, the jujube fruit fly imago attractant comprises 40-60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 45-55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35-45 parts of ethyl palmitate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 25-35 parts of myristic acid and 12-20 parts of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5-1.7 m, and after 9d, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
The invention provides an application of a jujube fruit fly imago attractant in pest control of a jujube field, when attracting female jujube fruit fly imagos, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, a yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of a jujube tree, the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with the jujube fruit fly imago attractant in advance, the jujube fruit fly imago attractant comprises 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5-1.7 m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
In the invention, the yellow pest sticking plate is arranged towards the sun-back surface.
In the present invention, myristic acid is used as a solid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, mixtures, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate are used as liquid stock solutions.
In the invention, a sun shield is arranged above the yellow pest sticking plate.
Example four: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
When attracting male adults of the jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, hanging a yellow insect sticking plate close to the crowns of the jujube trees, wherein the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.4g of ethyl linoleate, 0.45g of ethyl oleate, 0.35g of ethyl palmitate, 0.3g of ethyl myristate, 0.25g of myristic acid and 0.12g of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5m, and after 9 days, replacing the yellow insect sticking plate.
When female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies are attracted, the yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of the jujube tree under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the maximum section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.5g of ethyl palmitate, 0.45g of myristic acid, 0.3g of ethyl laurate, 0.3g of ethyl myristate, 0.2g of ethyl linoleate and 0.16g of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Example five: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
When attracting male adults of the jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, hanging a yellow insect sticking plate close to the crowns of the jujube trees, wherein the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.6g of ethyl linoleate, 0.55g of ethyl oleate, 0.45g of ethyl palmitate, 0.4g of ethyl myristate, 0.35g of myristic acid and 0.2g of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.7m, and after 9 days, replacing the yellow insect sticking plate.
When female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies are attracted, the yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of the jujube tree under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the maximum section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.6g of ethyl palmitate, 0.55g of myristic acid, 0.5g of ethyl laurate, 0.4g of ethyl myristate, 0.3g of ethyl linoleate and 0.24g of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.7m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Example six: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
When attracting male adults of the jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, hanging a yellow insect sticking plate close to the crowns of the jujube trees, wherein the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.45g of ethyl linoleate, 0.5g of ethyl oleate, 0.38g of ethyl palmitate, 0.32g of ethyl myristate, 0.32g of myristic acid and 0.14g of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.6m, and after 9 days, replacing the yellow insect sticking plate.
When female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies are attracted, the yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of the jujube tree under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the maximum section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.58g of ethyl palmitate, 0.5g of myristic acid, 0.4g of ethyl laurate, 0.33g of ethyl myristate, 0.28g of ethyl linoleate and 0.18g of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.6m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Example seven: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
When attracting male adults of the jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, hanging a yellow insect sticking plate close to the crowns of the jujube trees, wherein the maximum cross section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.5g of ethyl linoleate, 0.47g of ethyl oleate, 0.42g of ethyl palmitate, 0.35g of ethyl myristate, 0.3g of myristic acid and 0.18g of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.7m, and after 9 days, replacing the yellow insect sticking plate.
When female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies are attracted, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of the jujube tree, the maximum section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the imagoes attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.52g of ethyl palmitate, 0.47g of myristic acid, 0.37g of ethyl laurate, 0.35g of ethyl myristate, 0.25g of ethyl linoleate and 0.22g of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.7m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Example eight: application of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
When attracting male adults of the jujube fruit flies, under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, hanging a yellow insect sticking plate close to the crown of the jujube tree, wherein the maximum cross-sectional dimension of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the yellow insect sticking plate is coated with an adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies in advance, the adult attractant of the jujube fruit flies comprises 0.55g of ethyl linoleate, 0.52g of ethyl oleate, 0.4g of ethyl palmitate, 0.39g of ethyl myristate, 0.26g of myristic acid and 0.16g of ethyl laurate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5m, and after 9 days, replacing the yellow insect sticking plate.
When female imagoes of the jujube fruit flies are attracted, the yellow insect sticking plate is hung close to the crown of the jujube tree under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the maximum section size of the yellow insect sticking plate is 30cm x 26cm, the adult jujube fruit flies attractant is coated on the yellow insect sticking plate in advance, the adult jujube fruit flies attractant comprises 0.55g of ethyl palmitate, 0.51g of myristic acid, 0.44g of ethyl laurate, 0.39g of ethyl myristate, 0.22g of ethyl linoleate and 0.2g of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow insect sticking plate from the ground is 1.5m, and after 9 days, the yellow insect sticking plate is replaced.
Example nine: optimization of jujube fruit fly imago attractant
By adopting the attractant formula provided by the second embodiment of the invention and adopting the following five schemes, experiments are respectively carried out on male imagoes and female imagoes of the zaocys zizanoides according to the indoor experiments described in the first embodiment.
4.1 optimization of the attractant for the male imagoes of Bactrocera dorsalis
The first scheme is as follows: 0.4g of ethyl linoleate, 0.45g of ethyl oleate, 0.35g of ethyl palmitate, 0.3g of ethyl myristate, 0.25g of myristic acid and 0.12g of ethyl laurate.
Scheme II: 0.6g of ethyl linoleate, 0.55g of ethyl oleate, 0.45g of ethyl palmitate, 0.4g of ethyl myristate, 0.35g of myristic acid and 0.2g of ethyl laurate.
The third scheme is as follows: 0.45g of ethyl linoleate, 0.5g of ethyl oleate, 0.38g of ethyl palmitate, 0.32g of ethyl myristate, 0.32g of ethyl laurate and 0.14g of ethyl palmitate.
And the scheme is as follows: 0.5g of ethyl linoleate, 0.47g of ethyl oleate, 0.42g of ethyl palmitate, 0.35g of ethyl myristate, 0.3g of myristic acid and 0.18g of ethyl laurate.
And a fifth scheme: 0.55g of ethyl linoleate, 0.52g of ethyl oleate, 0.4g of ethyl palmitate, 0.39g of ethyl myristate, 0.26g of myristic acid and 0.16g of ethyl laurate.
A single-factor experiment is designed, and the influence of ethyl linoleate, ethyl oleate, ethyl palmitate and ethyl myristate on the trapping rate of the male adult jujube flies in the formula of the adult jujube fly attractant is respectively researched. A four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment is carried out on the basis of a single-factor experiment, and the factors and levels of the orthogonal experiment are shown in a table 4.
Table 4: orthogonal test factor and horizon
Figure BDA0002312896060000161
The test results and analysis of the formula of the orthogonally optimized adult drosophila ziziphus jujuba attractant are shown in table 5.
Table 5: results and analysis of orthogonal assays
Figure BDA0002312896060000171
By comparing the extreme differences of the indexes, the primary and secondary sequence of the influencing factors is A>B>C>D, the ethyl linoleate is the main influence factor of the trapping rate of the male imago attractant of the Chinese date fruit fly, and then the ethyl oleate and the palmitic acidEthyl ester and ethyl myristate, from the results of the k1, k2 and k3 values and trend plots for each index in table 5, the optimum level combination of each factor was determined to be a3B3C1D3The optimized formula of the preparation method of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant is as follows: 40-60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 45-55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35-45 parts of ethyl palmitate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 25-35 parts of myristic acid and 12-20 parts of ethyl laurate; preferably, 60 parts of ethyl linoleate, 55 parts of ethyl oleate, 35 parts of ethyl palmitate, 40 parts of ethyl myristate, 30 parts of myristic acid and 16 parts of ethyl laurate.
4.2 optimization of the attractant for the female imagoes of Bactrocera dorsalis
The first scheme is as follows: 0.5g of ethyl palmitate, 0.45g of myristic acid, 0.3g of ethyl laurate, 0.3g of ethyl myristate, 0.2g of ethyl linoleate and 0.16g of ethyl oleate.
Scheme II: 0.6g of ethyl palmitate, 0.55g of myristic acid, 0.5g of ethyl laurate, 0.4g of ethyl myristate, 0.3g of ethyl linoleate and 0.24g of ethyl oleate.
The third scheme is as follows: 0.58g of ethyl palmitate, 0.5g of myristic acid, 0.4g of ethyl laurate, 0.33g of ethyl myristate, 0.28g of ethyl linoleate and 0.18g of ethyl oleate.
And the scheme is as follows: 0.52g of ethyl palmitate, 0.47g of myristic acid, 0.37g of ethyl laurate, 0.35g of ethyl myristate, 0.25g of ethyl linoleate and 0.22g of ethyl oleate.
And a fifth scheme: 0.55g of ethyl palmitate, 0.51g of myristic acid, 0.44g of ethyl laurate, 0.39g of ethyl myristate, 0.22g of ethyl linoleate and 0.2g of ethyl oleate.
A single-factor experiment is designed, and the influence of ethyl palmitate, myristic acid, ethyl laurate and ethyl myristate on the trapping rate of female bactrocera dorsalis adults in the formula of the bactrocera dorsalis adult attractant is respectively researched. A four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment is carried out on the basis of a single-factor experiment, and the factors and levels of the orthogonal experiment are shown in a table 6.
Table 6: orthogonal test factor and horizon
Figure BDA0002312896060000181
The test results and analysis of the formula of the orthogonally optimized adult drosophila ziziphus jujuba attractant are shown in table 7.
Table 7: results and analysis of orthogonal assays
Figure BDA0002312896060000191
By comparing the extreme differences of the indexes, the primary and secondary sequence of the influencing factors is A>C>B>D, that is, ethyl palmitate is the main influence factor of the trapping rate of the female imago attractant of the Chinese date fruit fly, and then myristic acid, ethyl laurate and ethyl myristate are used, and according to the results of k1, k2 and k3 values and trend graphs of indexes in the table 7, the optimal level combination of the factors is determined to be A2B2C3D2The optimized formula of the preparation method of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant is as follows: 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate; preferably, 55 parts of ethyl palmitate, 55 parts of myristic acid, 40 parts of ethyl laurate, 35 parts of ethyl myristate, 25 parts of ethyl linoleate and 20 parts of ethyl oleate.
In conclusion, the adult date fruit fly attractant and the application thereof provided by the invention have the advantages that the attractant comprises one or more of myristic acid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, a mixture, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate, date fruit volatile matters are used as the attractant to be matched with a yellow pest sticking plate for use, the attractant has the characteristics of good attraction effect, strong specificity and no adverse effect on the environment, and the attraction effect of 6 date fruit volatile matters on the date fruit flies is determined. The attracting activity of 6 substances, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, ethyl linoleate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and myristic acid, to the jujube fruit fly was tested by a four-arm olfactometer. The results show that: the female has strong selectivity on ethyl palmitate, ethyl laurate and myristic acid, and the selectivity is more than 30%; the male worms have strong selectivity to the linoleic acid ethyl ester and the oleic acid ethyl ester, and the selectivity is over 25 percent. The attracting effect of the volatile myristic acid is stronger when the myristic acid is monitored in the field for 8 days continuously, the maximum trapping amount reaches 23 heads per head, and the average trapping amount reaches 18.2 heads per head.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications of the technical solution of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The adult date fruit fly attractant is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate.
2. The adult jujube fruit fly attractant is characterized in that when attracting female adult jujube fruit fly, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant comprises, by weight, 55 parts of ethyl palmitate, 55 parts of myristic acid, 40 parts of ethyl laurate, 35 parts of ethyl myristate, 25 parts of ethyl linoleate and 20 parts of ethyl oleate.
3. The adult drosophila ziziphus attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the myristic acid is solid, ethyl myristate, ethyl laurate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate are liquid stock solutions.
4. The use of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant in the jujube field according to claim 1, wherein when attracting female adult jujube fruit fly, a yellow sticky board is hung close to the crown of a jujube tree under the condition that the sunlight intensity is lower than 60%, the maximum cross-sectional dimension of the yellow sticky board is 30cm x 26cm, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant is previously coated on the yellow sticky board, the adult jujube fruit fly attractant comprises 50-60 parts of ethyl palmitate, 45-55 parts of myristic acid, 30-50 parts of ethyl laurate, 30-40 parts of ethyl myristate, 20-30 parts of ethyl linoleate and 16-24 parts of ethyl oleate, the height of the yellow sticky board from the ground is 1.5-1.7 m, and after 9 days, the yellow sticky board is replaced.
5. The application of the adult jujube fruit fly attractant in the jujube field as claimed in claim 4, wherein the yellow insect sticking plate is arranged towards the back sun side.
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