CN111200960A - 具有压缩和缝制粘结的吸收片材叠堆 - Google Patents
具有压缩和缝制粘结的吸收片材叠堆 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111200960A CN111200960A CN201780095725.5A CN201780095725A CN111200960A CN 111200960 A CN111200960 A CN 111200960A CN 201780095725 A CN201780095725 A CN 201780095725A CN 111200960 A CN111200960 A CN 111200960A
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- stack
- sheets
- absorbent sheets
- absorbent
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Abstract
本发明涉及吸收片材叠堆,诸如纸巾、卫生纸、餐巾纸、面巾纸等。所述叠堆具有用第一行线迹压缩并缝制的粘结元件,所述第一行线迹与粘结叠堆的第一边缘诸如顶部边缘相邻设置。所述粘结元件可以没有粘合剂。所述一行线迹有利于分离和取出单独的片材,并且可以减轻对穿孔或弱线的需要。
Description
背景技术
消费者希望容易、方便且快速地使用用于他们的家庭或工作区域的吸收片材产品,诸如纸巾、卫生纸、餐巾、面巾纸等。具体地讲,消费者希望这些产品在发生溢出或脏乱的地方可用,这些产品通常在传统上放置此类产品的家庭区域,诸如厨房或卫生间。当这些区域发生溢出或脏乱时,消费者希望快速方便地使用吸收片材来快速清理脏乱,以避免破坏家庭各个位置的表面。因此,需要吸收片材,并且特别是吸收片材叠堆,这些吸收片材可以容易地放置在家庭各个位置,并提供方便的分配形式,以确保在消费者需要的位置处以及在消费者需要时容易、方便且快速地使用片材。
消费者不仅需要容易且方便使用的片材形式,而且他们还想要美观且补充家居装饰的形式。通常是为了满足消费者的容易且方便的需求,这些片材产品被设计成在家中以可直接看到的方式放置,而不是存放在橱柜中。因此,这些产品必须是美观的并且能用作家庭装饰品。
因此,在本领域中需要一种吸收片材产品,该吸收片材产品向消费者提供在消费者需要此类产品时以及在消费者需要此类产品的位置处的方便且容易取用的分配方式。此外,需要一种分配形式,该分配形式可用作家庭装饰品并补充消费者的家庭装饰。
发明内容
本发明满足了消费者对方便且容易地使用用于吸收片材的分配器的需求。本发明的叠堆紧凑、时尚且方便。此外,使用压缩和缝制来形成粘结将产生易于制造的叠堆并且允许容易地分配片材。而且,该叠堆可以安装在许多不同的地方,从而使消费者在家庭各个位置都能容易地取用吸收片材。例如,可以使用常规且容易获得的安装硬件(诸如粘合剂或机械紧固件)将叠堆平放在水平表面(诸如台面或桌子)上,或者可以安装到垂直表面(诸如墙壁或橱柜)。
因此,在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了多个吸收片材,所述多个吸收片材以彼此面对的方式堆叠以形成具有底部边缘和顶部边缘的叠堆,该叠堆具有与顶部边缘相邻的压缩部分,该压缩部分具有比叠堆的底部边缘的厚度小的厚度和沿压缩部分的至少一部分设置的第一行线迹。在特别优选的实施方案中,压缩部分不包括粘合剂,而是片材的压缩和一行线迹起到将片材彼此粘结并形成叠堆的作用。因此,在某些优选的实施方案中,叠堆包括以彼此面对的方式布置而其间未设置粘合剂的单独的片材。
在其他实施方案中,一行线迹提供了一种从叠堆中分离出单独的片材的方法。因此,在某些实施方案中,不需要为单独的片材提供一行穿孔或弱线来从叠堆中分离出单独的片材,这简化了叠堆的制造。此外,形成其中片材通过压缩和一行线迹来彼此粘结的叠堆允许用户使用简单的剥离动作来从叠堆中分配出片材。
在其他实施方案中,本发明提供了一种吸收片材叠堆,该吸收片材叠堆具有纵向和横向且以面对的方式堆叠,该叠堆具有顶部边缘和底部边缘;粘结元件,该粘结元件用于将片材粘结在一起,其与叠堆的顶部边缘相邻地设置,该粘结元件具有第一厚度,并且基本上由多个吸收片材的压缩部分和第一行线迹组成,其中第一厚度小于叠堆底部边缘处的厚度。在某些情况下,第一厚度(T1)可为第二厚度(T2)的约50%,诸如为第二厚度(T2)的约5.0%至约50%,更优选地为第二厚度(T2)的约7.0%至约20%,并且更优选地为第二厚度(T2)的约10%至约15%。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了多个吸收片材,所述多个吸收片材具有纵向和横向且以面对的方式堆叠而其间未设置粘合剂以形成吸收片材叠堆,该叠堆具有顶部边缘和底部边缘;该叠堆具有压缩区域和未压缩区域,其中压缩区域形成具有比未压缩区域的厚度小的厚度的连续粘结元件和沿该连续粘结元件设置的第一行线迹。
在其他实施方案中,本发明提供了一种制造不使用粘合剂进行粘结的吸收片材叠堆的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:提供多个吸收片材;将所述多个吸收片材以彼此面对的方式堆叠,使得该叠堆中的相邻片材的面彼此直接接触;使叠堆的一部分通过辊隙,该辊隙被加载至少约5,000磅/平方英寸(psi,其中1psi等于0.069bar),诸如约5,000至约40,000psi,更优选约10,000至约30,000psi,诸如约15,000至约25,000psi的力,以压缩叠堆的一部分并形成粘结元件和相邻的未压缩区域,其中粘结元件具有比未压缩区域的厚度小的厚度;并且基本上沿该粘结元件缝制第一行线迹。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方案的吸收片材叠堆的透视图;
图2是图1的叠堆通过线2-2的剖视图;
图3是图1的叠堆通过线3-3的剖视图;并且
图4是根据本发明的另一个实施方案的吸收片材叠堆的透视图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及吸收片材叠堆,诸如纸巾、卫生纸、餐巾纸、面巾纸等。该叠堆通常包括多个吸收片材,所述多个吸收片材通过压缩并缝制与第一边缘诸如顶部边缘相邻的所述多个片材而粘结。在某些优选的实施方案中,压缩部分不包括粘合剂,而是片材的压缩和一行线迹将片材彼此粘结并形成叠堆。在此类实施方案中,叠堆中的单独的片材通常以彼此面对的方式布置,而其间未设置粘合剂。
该叠堆通常由多个吸收片材形成,所述多个吸收片材以面对面的关系一个堆叠在另一个的顶部上,其中粘结元件包括压缩部分和将片材的一部分接合在一起的第一行线迹。在特别优选的实施方案中,粘结元件不包括粘合剂,使得叠堆中的每个片材的向内取向的面直接接触叠堆中的下一相邻片材的向外取向的面。片材彼此接合,使得附接强度为至少约15克,更优选为至少约25g,再更优选为至少约40g,诸如约15至约100g,并且更优选为约40至约60克。这样,吸收片材叠堆具有与使用粘合剂接合的叠堆相当或更大的附接强度。如本文所用,术语“附接强度”是指峰值力,通常具有将吸收片材从叠堆中分离出来所必需的克(g)单位。附接强度是根据标准测试方法(STM)00317进行测量的,该方法测量将片材从叠堆中分离出来所需的动力学峰值力。
吸收片材优选为纤维片材。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,片材包括纤维素纤维材料,诸如木浆、棉绒等。然而,在其他实施方案中,片材可包括合成纤维,诸如聚烯烃或聚酯纤维。在其他实施方案中,片材可包括纤维素纤维和合成纤维的混合物。在某些情况下,吸收片材可包括湿法成网薄纸产品,诸如卫生纸、面巾纸、纸巾、餐巾纸等。在其他情况下,吸收片材可包括由合成纤维或合成纤维和纤维素纤维的混合物形成的非织造材料,其具有与由纤维素纤维形成的湿法成网薄纸产品类似的性质。在某些实施方案中,吸收片材可包括非织造气流成网片材,这些非织造气流成网片材包含合成纤维、粘结剂、湿强度剂等。
此外,尽管在某些情况下,诸如在本附图中所示的那些,叠堆可以由包括单个层片的吸收片材形成,但是应当理解,本公开不限于此,并且吸收片材可以包括两个或更多个层片,诸如两个层片、三个层片或四个层片。这些层片可以基本上由相同的纤维材料组成,或者它们可以不同。例如,在一个实施方案中,所有层片均包括木浆纤维。在另一个实施方案中,一个层片包括合成纤维,另一个层片包括木浆纤维。
吸收片材可以折叠或展开。在某些实施方案中,叠堆中的各个片材可以被折叠以形成具有多层的折叠片材。当从叠堆中取出单个片材时,可以将其展开以得到表面积大于叠堆的表面积的单个吸收片材。因此,在实施方案中,叠堆中的各个吸收片材可以处于折叠构型,诸如片材的半折叠或四分之一折叠。例如,具有半折叠构型的片材可具有四个不同的边缘、第一端和与第一端相对的第二端。粘结元件沿第一端设置,以使片材能够单独从叠堆中取出。其他折叠构型在本文中也可能有用,例如Z形折叠或C形折叠。
此外,应当理解,片材和所得叠堆可以采取任何数量的不同形状,并且尽管可能期望片材的两个或更多个边缘彼此平行,但是本发明不限于此。另外,各个片材的尺寸和叠堆中片材的数量与成品纸巾产品中所需的可用单元的数量相对应。
在特别优选的实施方案中,叠堆包括吸收片材,该吸收片材具有大于约10克/平方米(gsm,使用TAPPI测试方法T-220测量)诸如约10至约100gsm,且更优选约15至约70gsm的基重。在其他实施方案中,片材可具有大于约200μm,诸如约200至约2,000μm的厚度(根据TAPPI测试方法T402使用EMVECO200-A自动测微计(EMVECO,Inc.,Newberg,OR)测量)。此外,吸收片材可具有大于约2.0g/g,诸如约2.0至约15.0g/g,并且更优选约5.0至约10.0g/g的比吸收率。如本文所用,术语“比吸收率”通常是指纸产品(单层片或多层片)或片材吸收的水量,表示为每克纤维吸收的水克数(干重),并且如美国专利号8,753,751中所描述的进行测量,该专利的内容以与本公开一致的方式通过引用并入本文。
在其他实施方案中,吸收片材的干燥几何平均抗张强度(根据TAPPI测试方法T-494om-01测量)大于约500g/3”,并且更优选大于约750g/3”,并且仍然更优选大于约1,000g/3”,诸如约500至约3,500g/3”,并且更优选约1,000至约2,500g/3”。以这种方式,吸收片材具有足够的抗张强度,以承受将各个片材从叠堆中分离所需的力。
在某些优选的实施方案中,吸收片材包括已经通过通气干燥制造的湿法成网薄纸产品,诸如美国专利号4,529,480中所公开的薄纸产品。在其他实施方案中,吸收片材包括已经通过通气干燥且不起皱制造的湿法成网的薄纸产品,诸如美国专利号8,753,751中所公开的薄纸产品。通气干燥的吸收片材可以被压花并且可以包括一个或多个层片,诸如一个、两个或三个层片。
在其他实施方案中,吸收片材可包括具有已经用粘结剂处理过的至少一个表面的湿法成网薄纸产品,诸如美国专利号7,462,258中所公开的薄纸产品。合适的粘结剂包括但不限于乳胶粘结剂材料,诸如丙烯酸酯、乙酸乙烯酯、氯乙烯和甲基丙烯酸酯等。粘结剂可以与任何合适的交联剂诸如N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)形成或共混,或者可以不含交联剂。可用于本发明的胶乳粘结剂材料的具体实例包括可从Air Products Inc.获得的EN1165或可从National Starch获得的 PE BINDER。其他合适的粘结剂包括但不限于:羧化乙烯乙酸乙烯酯三元共聚物;丙烯酸树脂;聚氯乙烯;苯乙烯-丁二烯;聚氨酯;有机硅材料,诸如可固化的有机硅树脂、有机活性聚硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷的其他衍生物;含氟聚合物,诸如四氟乙烯;阴离子和阳离子聚合物的疏水凝聚层或复合物,诸如聚乙烯胺和聚羧酸的复合物;聚烯烃及其乳液或化合物;以及本领域已知的许多其他成膜化合物,以及前述材料的修改形式。在一些实施方案中,粘结剂材料可以基本上不含胶乳或基本上不含天然胶乳。
在吸收片材包括粘结剂的那些实施方案中,优选的是,粘结剂是不连续的,即它不是固体膜,以便允许液体或湿气渗透到片材中。粘结剂可以以均匀或不均匀沉积物的规则或不规则隔开的图案形式存在,诸如通过印刷或薄喷施加。在一个特定的实施方案中,沉积物可具有约0.02英寸(0.51mm)的直径并且可存在于图案中,使得沉积物在纵向和横向上延伸。
对于吸收片材的两个外表面中的每一个,如在表面的平面图中所投影的,粘结剂的表面积覆盖百分比可以为约10%至约70%,更具体地为约10%至约60%,更具体地为约15%至约60%,更具体地为约20%至约60%,并且还更具体地为约25%至约50%。每个外表面的表面积覆盖率可以相同或不同。如本文所用,“表面积覆盖率”是指当测量至少6平方英寸(38.7平方厘米)的片材表面时粘结剂所覆盖的总面积的百分比。
无论粘结剂的表面积覆盖百分比如何,粘结剂都不会优先设置在片材的任何单个表面区域上。而是,粘结剂通常设置在片材的整个表面区域,使得当片材彼此粘结时,片材在压缩区域中的部分和片材在未压缩区域中的部分都包括粘结剂,并且更优选地包括基本相同量的粘结剂。例如,可以以连续或半连续的方式将粘结剂设置在片材表面上,使得如在表面的平面图中所投影的,在压缩和未压缩的片材表面区域中,粘结剂的表面积覆盖百分比可以为约10%至约70%。
基于产品的重量,粘结剂的总添加量可以为约2重量%或更多,更具体地为约2至约20干重%,更具体地为约4至约9干重%,还更具体地为约5至约8干重%。添加量可以受到期望的表面积覆盖率和沉积物的渗透深度的影响。施加到产品每个外表面的添加量可以相同或不同。
无论吸收片材的具体结构如何,在某些优选的实施方案中,都在不添加粘合剂的情况下形成叠堆。这样,在优选的实施方案中,叠堆中的每个片材都具有前表面和后表面,该前表面和后表面从其顶部边缘至其底部边缘以及从其第一侧边缘至其第二侧边缘具有基本上相似的组成。这样,没有材料选择性地仅设置在片材表面的一部分上,使得当片材的两个相对表面堆叠和布置时,它们彼此附接。不依靠粘合剂来粘结片材,而是将吸收片材的内在特性与压力相结合以形成压缩区域,该压缩区域被缝合以形成粘结元件。例如,在一个实施方案中,将多个吸收片材(包括具有大于约2.0g/g且更优选地大于约4.0g/g的比吸收率和约10至约60gsm的基重的湿法成网纤维素薄纸产品)切成一定尺寸,以面对的方式堆叠,并且通过对堆叠的片材的一部分施加压力以形成粘结元件而粘结在一起,并将片材彼此附接,然后缝制压缩的叠堆以提供第一行线迹。优选地没有粘合剂的粘结元件具有小于叠堆的未粘结部分的厚度,但是在组成上基本上相似。现在将参考附图更详细地讨论这些和其他实施方案。
通常,在本发明的一个实施方案中,诸如图1所示,叠堆10包括多个单独的吸收片材12,其中最顶部片材14和背层片材16分别形成叠堆的正面26和背面28。叠堆10具有顶部边缘20、底部边缘22和一对相对的侧边缘23、25。顶部边缘20和底部边缘22之间的距离通常限定了叠堆长度(L),而该对相对的侧边缘23、25之间的距离则限定了叠堆宽度(W)。叠堆10还包括形成粘结元件31的压缩部分30和第一行线迹33,该粘结元件邻近顶部边缘20设置。粘结元件31具有基本上等于叠堆的宽度(W)的宽度和为叠堆长度(L)的一部分的长度(l1)。除了压缩部分30之外,叠堆10还包括未压缩部分32,该未压缩部分具有基本上等于叠堆的宽度(W)的宽度和为叠堆长度(L)的一部分的长度(l2)。
通过压缩将各个片材12粘结在一起以形成压缩部分30,该压缩部分具有通常小于未压缩部分32的厚度(T2)的厚度(T1),如图2和图3所示。这样,叠堆10包括压缩部分30,该压缩部分将片材粘结在一起并且与第一行线迹33一起形成粘结元件31。粘结元件31将片材12粘结在一起并保持叠堆10的完整性。在某些实施方案中,粘结元件基本上没有粘合剂,并且足够牢固以粘结并保持片材。这样,在优选实施方案中,叠堆中的单独的片材以面对的方式叠堆,而在它们之间没有设置粘合剂。此外,通常优选不将粘合剂施加到叠堆的任何边缘,诸如顶部边缘或一个或多个侧边缘。在其他实施方案中,通过压缩和缝合产生的片材的附接足够牢固,从而不需要任何其他形式的机械附接件,诸如铆钉、钉、销、螺钉、线等。
继续参考图1,叠堆10通常具有压缩部分30和未压缩部分32,其中压缩部分30和第一行线迹33形成具有第一厚度(T1)的粘结元件31,该第一厚度小于未粘结部分32的第二厚度(T2)(在图2和图3中详细示出)。在某些情况下,第一厚度(T1)可为第二厚度(T2)的约50%,诸如为第二厚度(T2)的约5.0%至约50%,更优选为第二厚度(T2)的约7.0%至约20%,并且更优选地为第二厚度(T2)的约10%至约15%。例如,在某些实施方案中,叠堆可包括约30个吸收片材,这些吸收片材以彼此面对的方式堆叠,并且第一厚度(T1)可为约1.0至约3.0mm,诸如约1.50至约2.00mm,并且更优选为约1.70至约1.90mm,第二厚度(T2)可为约10.0至约30.0mm,诸如约12.0至约25.0mm,更优选为约14.0至约20.0mm。
通常优选的是,叠堆的至少一个边缘是未粘结的,更优选地,至少两个边缘是未粘结的,并且更优选地,至少三个边缘是未粘结的。这样,使用者可以容易地抓住未粘结的边缘并从叠堆中分配出最上面的片材。例如,参考图1,底部边缘22和相对的侧边缘23、25的一部分是未粘结的,并且具有相对均匀的厚度(T2),该厚度小于粘结部分30的厚度(T1)。
如图1和图2所示,压缩部分30在叠堆10的宽度(W)上延伸,并且在其宽度上具有相对均匀的厚度(T1)。此外,压缩部分30是连续的并且基本上平行于第一端20和第二端22取向。这样,粘结元件31的宽度基本上等于叠堆10的宽度(W)。尽管将粘结元件示出为纵向取向且平行于叠堆的顶部和底部边缘,但是该元件本身可以包括任何期望的几何形状并且可以是连续的或不连续的。
如本文所用,“连续的”在涉及粘结元件时通常是指沿粘结元件的宽度尺寸,其厚度小于叠堆的未压缩部分的厚度。尽管厚度略有变化,但粘结元件或压缩部分可以是连续的,只要该元件的厚度不等于或超过叠堆的未压缩部分沿其宽度的厚度即可。例如,如图4所示,粘结元件31沿其宽度尺寸的厚度在叠堆10的整个宽度(W)尺寸上小于未粘结部分32的厚度(T2),因此可以称为连续的。
在其他实施方案中,粘结元件可以是不连续的。如本文所使用的,术语“不连续的”在涉及粘结元件时通常是指沿粘结元件的宽度尺寸,其厚度等于或超过叠堆的未压缩部分的厚度。在某些实施方案中,不连续的粘结元件可以包括具有第一厚度的多个离散的压缩区域,该多个离散的压缩区域通过未压缩区域彼此分开,该未压缩区域具有与叠堆的未压缩区域的厚度大致相等的厚度。
继续参考图1,形成粘结元件31的压缩部分30紧邻叠堆10的顶部边缘20设置,并且其长度(l1)仅为未压缩部分32的长度(l2)的一小部分,诸如为5%至约15%,并且更优选为约7%至约12%。然而,压缩部分和所得粘结元件的尺寸和位置可以变化。此外,粘结元件可以是连续的或不连续的。例如,在某些实施方案中,粘结元件可以由连续的压缩部分形成,该连续的压缩部分在叠堆的宽度尺寸上具有基本均匀的厚度,并且距叠堆的顶部边缘一定距离来设置,以在粘结元件上方和下方设置未粘结部分。在其他实施方案中,粘结元件可以是连续的,但可以包括离散的、不连续的压缩部分,以便提供具有两种或更多种厚度的粘结元件。在其他实施方案中,粘结元件可以是不连续的。
叠堆在无论压缩区域还是未压缩区域中的厚度都可以使用常规的数字测径器,诸如Mitutoyo Absolute Digimatic Caliper系列500(可从美国伊利诺斯州Aurora的Mitutoyo America公司购得)来测量。可以根据测径器制造商的说明来测量叠堆的厚度,同时要小心地测量未压缩区域的厚度,该未压缩区域的厚度应距叠堆的任何边缘至少20mm,且距压缩区域至少10cm。通常,厚度是五个测量值的平均值,并且每个测量值在叠堆的整个宽度上以规则的间隔进行,优选在与叠堆中的吸收片材的纵向成直角的线上进行。
除了压缩部分之外,粘结元件还包括至少一行线迹,其中单行线迹可采用一根线、两根线或三根或更多根线。下面将更详细地讨论用于结合吸收片材叠堆的多种线迹。可以使用熟知的缝制技术来构造线迹,所述缝制技术通常采用针和线形成一行针孔,线或纱穿过该行针孔以结合片材材料的叠堆。
通过缝制来结合叠堆通常会导致叠堆具有至少一行线迹,该至少一行线迹包括一系列连续的孔眼,该一系列连续的孔眼之间设置有线。例如,参考图1,吸收片材材料的叠堆10包括以彼此面对的方式堆叠的多个单独的片材12。叠堆10具有顶部边缘20和底部边缘22。叠堆由粘结元件31邻近顶部边缘20粘结,该粘结元件包括压缩部分30和第一行线迹33。第一行线迹33包括一行连续的间隔开的线迹孔35,该行连续的间隔开的线迹孔之间设置有第一线38a。通常第一行线迹33包括粘结元件31的一部分,并且沿叠堆10的压缩部分30设置。
除了将叠堆的片材粘结在一起之外,一行线迹还可以提供用于一种用于从叠堆中分离出单独的片材的方法,因此,在某些实施方案中,粘结元件可以基本上没有穿孔或弱线。在其他实施方案中,叠堆可以基本上没有邻近且平行于粘结元件设置的穿孔或弱线。
尽管在某些实施方案中,可能不必为各个片材提供穿孔或弱线以允许用户从叠堆中取出片材,但是在其他实施方案中,可能期望为片材提供穿孔或弱线,以便用户只能从叠堆中取出片材的一部分。例如,在一个实施方案中,吸收片材叠堆可包括具有压缩部分和第一行线迹的粘结元件,其中各个片材包括穿孔线,其中穿孔在纵向或横向上将片材平分。在此类实施方案中,可能优选将穿孔线远离粘结元件放置,并且置于使得片材被穿孔线分成两个基本上相等的两半的位置。
用于结合吸收片材材料的叠堆的缝制线或缝合线可包括单丝线或多丝线。线的重量可以基于被结合的片材的材料特性,诸如厚度、纤维组成、抗张强度等。线的重量可以在约20至约120重量的范围内。线可包括约1至约2000旦尼尔,诸如约10至约1500旦尼尔,更优选约100至约1000旦尼尔,还更优选约150至约500旦尼尔。
线可包括合股线或加捻线(例如,z捻或s捻)。线材料可包括天然纤维,诸如棉、羊毛、丝绸或其他天然材料,或者可包括合成纤维,诸如聚酯、尼龙、聚丙烯、人造丝或其他合成材料。线可包括连续的细丝。线可包括单丝。线可包括短细丝。线材料可包括金属。线可包括线材,例如,聚合物线或复合线。线材料优选是生物相容的,并且在某些方面是可吸收的。线材料可包括聚二噁烷酮、聚碳酸酯、聚氨酯、聚(α-酯)、聚乙交酯、聚丙交酯(例如,聚(L-乳酸)、聚(D-乳酸)和聚(D,L-乳酸)、聚(4-羟基丁酸)(它是4-羟基丁酸酯(4HB)的均聚物,属于被称为聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)的多种类别材料)和聚(丙交酯-共-乙交酯))、聚己内酯、聚丙烯、聚酯、聚(富马酸丙二醇酯)、聚酸酐、聚缩醛、聚碳酸酯(例如聚(碳酸三亚甲基酯))、聚(原酸酯)、聚磷腈、聚磷酸酯、聚四氟乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或其任何组合或共聚物。优选聚丙烯、聚酯和聚乙烯,更优选单丝聚乙烯。在那些使用多于一根线来结合叠堆的实施方案中,这些线优选地具有相似的特性。
每根线中每单位长度的线迹的数量(即每单位长度第一缝合线部分和/或第二缝合线部分的表面线部分的数量)可以任选地根据待叠堆和待分配的吸收片材的种类和材料、片材或所得叠堆的密度和厚度、缝合线的材料和直径以及缝合针的直径来选择。类似地,可以改变每单位表面积的线迹的数量,即结合片材的每单位表面积的第一缝合线部分和/或第二缝合线部分的表面线部分的数量。例如,每单位长度的线迹的数量可以在每10cm约10至约30线迹的范围内,诸如在每10cm约15至约20线迹的范围内。在某些实施方案中,线迹的长度可以为约2.0至约8.0mm,并且更优选地为约4.0至约6.0mm。在其他情况下,叠堆的结合区域可以在约20至约60cm2的范围内,诸如在约30至约40cm2的范围内,并且该区域可包括约10至约40个线迹,诸如约15至约25个线迹。
缝制粘结可以通过通常用于缝合布料的任何方法(诸如单线平缝线迹、链式线迹、环式线迹等)来进行。在优选的实施方案中,通过单线平缝线迹进行缝合。图2中示出了示例性的一行平缝线迹33,该行平缝线迹通常包括通过缝纫针和辅助机构(通常是绕线管和绕线管驱动器)的配合而交织在一起的两根分开的线(上线38a和下线38b),其中缝纫针将上线38a递送到要缝制的材料的叠堆12中,辅助机构提供下线38b。缝纫针形成线迹孔35a-35c并且使上线38a穿过其中。缝纫针和绕线管驱动器的配合运动将上线38a和下线38b交织在一起,以形成平缝线迹33。
在粘结件包括平缝线迹的那些实施方案中,平缝线迹可以采用任何熟知的几何形状,诸如笔直型、锯齿型、百叶窗型等。这样的几何形状的形成是本领域所熟知的,并且可以通过存在或不存在机器针的侧向运动以及机器进给齿的向后运动来控制。
在其他实施方案中,吸收片材叠堆可以通过链式线迹或环式线迹来结合。在使用环式线迹结合叠堆的情况下,该方法还可包括另一个步骤,该步骤通过结合的方式或通过粘合剂固定在缝合步骤中产生的相邻的缝合线部分,使得通过缝合形成的至少一个线迹可形成独立的闭合环。
现在参考图4,除了压缩部分30和第一行线迹33之外,粘结元件31还可以包括背衬片材40,该背衬片材具有在叠堆10的顶部边缘20上方弯曲以形成顶端42和面43的部分。背衬片材可以由具有比吸收片材的挺度更大的挺度的材料形成,诸如纸板等。材料的挺度可以使用ASTM标准D5650-97中描述的泰伯(Taber)挺度测试来测量。如本文所用,泰伯挺度和泰伯挺度单位通常以样品的MD测量来报告,并且在不参考单位的情况下报告。例如,背衬片材或条带的泰伯挺度可以是吸收片材材料的泰伯挺度的约2倍,诸如约2倍至约20倍。在特别优选的实施方案中,背衬片材或条带和吸收片材材料不仅在泰伯挺度方面不同,而且由不同的材料形成。例如,在一个实施方案中,背衬片材或条带由纸板形成并且具有大于约200cm*gf且更优选地大于约250cm*gf的纵向(MD)挺度(以泰伯挺度单位测量),并且吸收片材是具有纵向(MD)挺度(以泰伯挺度单位测量)小于约5.0且更优选地小于约3.0的纤维素纸巾。
继续参考图4,背衬片材40包括折叠部分43,该折叠部分围绕顶部边缘20并在该顶部边缘上方延伸以形成结合顶部边缘42和与叠堆10的最顶部片材14接触的面43。以这种方式,粘结元件31包括压缩部分30、一行线迹33和折叠的背衬片材40。如图4所示,一行线迹25被设置成使得线迹孔眼35和线38a、38b不接触背衬片材40的折叠部分43,但是本发明不限于此。在其他实施方案中,该行线迹可以布置在折叠部分上。在其他实施方案中,线迹不布置在折叠部分上,而是延伸穿过背衬片材。
虽然在某些实施方案中,可能优选仅通过压缩和缝合来粘结片材,而不使用其他形式的附接件,诸如粘合剂或机械附接件。在将背衬片材折叠以部分包封片材的那些实施方案中,可以在折叠的背衬片材或条带与吸收片材之间提供粘合剂。替代地,可以提供背衬片材,但是不将其折叠在片材上方,以便为叠堆提供挺度。在此类实施方案中,可以将背衬片材粘合地附接到叠堆中的最底部的片材,或者可以使用如本文所述的缝合将背衬片材与叠堆结合。
在其他实施方案中,结合件可包括条带而不是底部片材。条带通常不沿着叠堆的背部延伸,而是沿着顶部边缘设置,并且可以折叠以沿着叠堆的前部的一部分延伸。
在某些实施方案中,背衬片材或条带可包括用于将吸收片材叠堆安装到表面的装置。在其他实施方案中,可以提供保持器,该保持器可以由金属、塑料或其他合适的材料制成,并且该保持器的形状被设计成接纳叠堆的结合边缘以保留并保持叠堆。保持器的形状可以是至少在一端开放以接纳叠堆的结合边缘的扁平开槽管或通道构件的形式。保持器可以提供用于将保持器紧固到竖直表面的装置。在安装叠堆时,将保持器紧固在墙壁等上,然后通过将粘结边缘的一端插入通道中来使垫片与保持器接合。
为了制造根据本发明的粘结的吸收片材叠堆,将多个片材切成一定尺寸并以面对的方式堆叠。在特别优选的实施方案中,片材彼此对齐地叠堆,即,片材的纵向彼此对齐,并且更优选地对齐以使得随后的线迹基本上垂直于片材的纵向。可以使用热熔粘结来将片材彼此粘结以形成粘结元件并将片材接合成叠堆。粘结可以在整个片材叠堆的一个维度上以连续的方式进行,或者可以是离散的,以产生离散的粘结区域。无论粘结元件是连续的还是不连续的,或者包括连续的或不连续的压缩区域,将粘结区域保持尽可能低以提供足够的叠堆稳定性和片材接合,但允许用户容易地从叠堆中取出单个片材都可能是有利的。例如,可能优选的是,粘结元件的面积小于叠堆的总表面积的约15%,并且更优选地小于叠堆的总表面积的约10%。在某些实施方案中,片材可具有约18至约24cm的宽度,并且粘结元件可具有约20至约60cm2的面积,诸如约30至约40cm2。
施加到辊隙并形成粘结元件的压力通常大于约5,000磅/平方英寸(约345bar),诸如约5,000至约40,000psi(约345至约2750bar),更优选约10,000至约30,000psi,诸如约15,000至约25,000psi。压力通常是指施加到辊隙的压力。辊隙中每单位面积的实际压力将取决于施加到辊隙元件(诸如形成辊隙的辊)的力、辊隙的表面积(其可能受到形成辊隙的辊的直径的影响)以及形成辊隙元件的材料的特性,特别是硬度。除了压力之外,还可以使用热量来促进粘结区域的形成。用于施加压力并形成粘结元件的辊隙可以被加热,或者片材叠堆本身可以被加热。例如,可将辊隙加热到大于约200℃的温度,诸如约200至约300℃,更优选约220至约260℃。在其他实施方案中,片材可以在进入辊隙之前被预热。在此类实施方案中,可以围绕加热辊引导片材以将片材加热到约180至约250℃之间的温度。
在某些实施方案中,形成叠堆的过程可以包括使片材叠堆在具有设置在其上的单个图案辊或一系列图案的旋转的图案化元件与砧座之间通过。砧元件可以是光滑的砧辊。期望的是,图案辊和砧辊是硬化金属辊。旋转元件具有基本上连续的均匀局部表面接触区域,该区域在吸收片材的叠堆上产生压缩区域,该压缩区域的范围可以为叠堆总表面积的约5%至约20%,更优选地为约8%至约12%。
根据该过程的一方面,将压力负载施加在旋转元件上,使得该负载施加在元件之间的纤维状纤维素材料层片上。施加到旋转元件的压力量可以大于约5,000psi,并且更优选地大于约10,000psi,诸如约5,000至约40,000psi,并且更优选地约10,000至约25,000psi。此外,可以加热旋转元件中的一个或多个,使得它们的表面温度大于约200℃,更优选地大于约220℃,诸如约200至约300℃。
在由粘结设备产生的压力和任选的热的作用下,压缩区域中的纤维可能会缠结,氢键结合或玻璃化,从而使面对的片材彼此接合。可以使用任何期望的图案来增强粘结元件的外观并实现期望的片材粘结性。
在某些实施方案中,可以例如通过添加水来将片材或叠堆的一部分润湿,以促进粘结元件的形成。因此,在该过程的另一方面,可将片材润湿,以使其水分含量为至少约2.0重量%。例如,叠堆内的片材的至少一部分可具有约2.0至约10重量%的水分含量。
任选地,可以将润湿剂诸如表面活性剂添加到水中,以改善片材的润湿性和粘结元件的形成。表面活性剂可以是离子表面活性剂,即阳离子或阴离子表面活性剂,或两者的混合物,或非离子表面活性剂或其与阳离子或阴离子表面活性剂的混合物。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,表面活性剂是在疏水尾部包含约9至约12个碳原子和在亲水头部基团包含约4至约9个环氧乙烷单元的烷基乙氧基化物。
在将叠堆压缩以形成压缩部分之后,沿压缩部分提供一行缝合线。可以使用任何熟知的缝合技术来施加线迹。例如,缝合针可以设置有第一线并通过驱动装置在竖直方向上移位。在顶端上接合线之后,针移向并穿过片材叠堆,从而形成线迹孔眼并将线穿过该孔眼。线迹孔的形状和尺寸通常对应于针的形状和尺寸。当针和顶部线下降穿过叠堆时,它们进入绕线管区域,在该绕线管区域旋转钩在刚穿过针后立即捕获顶部线。钩机构捕获完全围绕绕线管的顶部线,从而将下部线(也称为绕线管线)包缠一次。然后,拉紧臂将多余的顶部线(从绕线管区域)朝向顶部表面拉回,从而形成平缝线迹。然后将叠堆推进一个线迹长度,并重复该循环。形成第一行线迹时可能要注意形成平衡的平缝线迹,使得顶部线和底部线在大约位于吸收片材叠堆的z方向高度(H)的中点(M)的点处彼此交叉。
虽然本发明的吸收片材叠堆已经就其具体实施方案进行了详细描述,但是将领会的是,本领域技术人员在获得前述内容的理解后可以容易地设想出这些实施方案的替代形式、变型形式和等同方案。因此,本发明的范围应被评估为所附权利要求及其任何等同物以及前述实施方案的范围:
在第一个实施方案中,本发明提供了包括多个吸收片材的吸收片材叠堆,所述多个吸收片材具有纵向和横向且以面对的方式堆叠以形成吸收片材叠堆,该叠堆具有顶部边缘和底部边缘;该叠堆具有粘结元件,该粘结元件包括具有第一厚度(T1)和第一行线迹的压缩区域,以及具有第二厚度(T2)的未压缩区域,其中T1小于T2。
在第二实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中吸收片材的基重大于约10克/平方米(gsm),几何平均抗张强度(GMT)为约500至约3,500g/3”,并且垂直吸收容量大于约4.0g/g。
在第三实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案或第二实施方案所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述多个吸收片包括半折叠或四分之一折叠的吸收片材。
在第四实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第三实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中粘结元件紧邻叠堆的顶部边缘设置。
在第五实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第四实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中粘结元件的宽度和叠堆的宽度基本相等。
在第六实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第五实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中粘结元件的长度为叠堆的长度的约5.0%至约15.0%。
在第七实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第六实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,该吸收片材叠堆还包括背衬片材或条带,其中背衬片材或条带的泰伯挺度大于所述多个吸收片材的泰伯挺度。
在第八实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第七实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中叠堆基本上不含粘合剂。
在第九实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第八实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中粘结元件的面积为叠堆的表面积的约5.0%至约10.0%。
在第十实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第九实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中第一行线迹包括链式线迹、环式线迹、锁式线迹、包缝线迹或平缝线迹。
在第十一实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第十实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述多个吸收片材没有穿孔和弱线。
在第十二实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第十一实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中第一厚度(T1)为第二厚度(T2)的约5%至约20%。
在第十三实施方案中,本发明提供了如第一实施方案至第十二实施方案中任一项所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中叠堆包括约30个吸收片材,并且第一厚度(T1)为约1.0至约3.0mm,并且第二厚度(T2)为约10.0至约25.0mm。
在第十四实施方案中,本发明提供了一种制造不使用粘合剂或机械紧固件进行粘结的吸收片材叠堆的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:提供多个吸收片材;将所述多个吸收片材以彼此面对的方式堆叠,使得该叠堆中的相邻片材的面彼此直接接触;使叠堆的一部分通过辊隙,该辊隙被加载至少约10,000psi的压力,以压缩叠堆的一部分并形成粘结元件和相邻的未压缩区域,其中粘结元件具有比未压缩区域的厚度(T2)小的厚度(T1);并且沿粘结元件缝制第一行线迹。
在第十五实施方案中,本发明提供了如第十四实施方案所述的方法,其中所述多个吸收片材包括湿法铺设薄纸网,该薄纸网已经用粘结剂印刷然后起皱。
在第十六实施方案中,本发明提供了如第十四实施方案或第十五实施方案所述的方法,其中所述多个吸收片材的基重大于约10克/平方米(gsm),几何平均抗张强度(GMT)为约500至约3,500g/3”,并且垂直吸收容量大于约4.0g/g。
Claims (27)
1.一种吸收片材叠堆,所述叠堆具有顶部边缘、底部边缘和一对相对的侧边缘,所述叠堆包括:多个吸收片材,所述多个吸收片材具有纵向和横向且以面对的方式堆叠;粘结元件,所述粘结元件包括压缩区域和第一行线迹以及未压缩区域,其中所述压缩区域具有第一厚度(T1),所述未压缩区域具有第二厚度(T2),并且其中T1小于T2。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述第一行线迹沿所述压缩区域设置。
3.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述第一厚度(T1)为所述第二厚度(T2)的约5.0%至约20%。
4.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述第一厚度(T1)为所述第二厚度(T2)的约10%至约15%。
5.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述叠堆包括20至40个片材,并且其中所述第一厚度(T1)为约1.0至约3.0mm,并且所述第二厚度(T2)为约10至约20mm。
6.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述叠堆具有宽度(W),并且所述粘结元件具有基本上等于所述叠堆的宽度(W)的宽度。
7.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述粘结元件的长度为所述叠堆的长度的约5.0%至约15.0%。
8.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述粘结元件的面积为所述叠堆的表面积的约7.0%至约12%。
9.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述吸收片材的基重大于约10克/平方米(gsm),几何平均抗张强度(GMT)为约500至约3,500g/3”,并且垂直吸收容量大于约4.0g/g。
10.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述多个吸收片材包括半折叠或四分之一折叠的吸收片材。
11.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述多个吸收片材没有穿孔和弱化线。
12.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述叠堆基本上没有粘合剂。
13.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,还包括背衬片材或条带,其中所述背衬片材或条带的泰伯挺度大于所述多个吸收片材的泰伯挺度。
14.如权利要求13所述的吸收片材叠堆,还包括设置在所述背衬片材或条带上的附接机构,所述附接机构选自由以下各项组成的组:钩、钩环紧固件、磁体、压敏粘合剂、凸片、线材和线丝。
15.如权利要求1所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述第一行线迹包括多个平缝线迹。
16.一种具有顶部表面和相对的底部表面的吸收片材叠堆,所述叠堆包括:具有纵向和横向的多个吸收片材,所述多个吸收片材以面对的方式堆叠以形成吸收片材叠堆,所述叠堆具有顶部边缘和底部边缘;所述叠堆具有压缩区域和未压缩区域,其中所述压缩区域具有设置在其上以形成粘结元件的第一行线迹,所述压缩区域具有比所述未压缩区域的厚度(T2)小的最小厚度(T1),并且其中所述粘结元件基本上没有粘合剂并且形成所述叠堆的所述顶部边缘的至少一部分。
17.如权利要求16所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述叠堆具有宽度(W),并且所述粘结元件是连续的,并且具有基本上等于所述叠堆的宽度(W)的宽度,并且其中所述第一厚度(T1)为所述第二厚度(T2)的约5.0%至约20%。
18.如权利要求16所述的吸收片材叠堆,其中所述粘结元件和所述叠堆具有直线形状。
19.一种制造不使用粘合剂或机械紧固件进行粘结的吸收片材叠堆的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a.提供多个吸收片材;
b.将所述多个吸收片材以彼此面对的方式堆叠,使得所述叠堆中的相邻片材的面彼此直接接触;
c.使所述叠堆的一部分通过辊隙,所述辊隙具有至少约10,000磅/平方英寸(psi)的加载力,以压缩所述叠堆的一部分并形成粘结元件和相邻的未压缩区域,其中所述粘结元件具有比所述未压缩区域的厚度(T2)小的厚度(T1);并且
d.沿所述粘结元件缝制第一行线迹。
20.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述辊隙加载力在约10,000至约40,000psi的范围内。
21.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述辊隙具有约200至约300℃的温度。
22.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中T1为T2的约5.0%至约15.0%。
23.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述叠堆具有宽度(W),并且所述粘结元件是连续的且具有基本上等于所述叠堆的宽度(W)的宽度,并且形成所述叠堆的所述顶部边缘的至少一部分。
24.如权利要求18所述的方法,还包括在步骤(b)之前将所述多个片材切割成一定尺寸的步骤。
25.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中将所述多个片材彼此对齐地叠堆,使得所述片材的纵向彼此对齐。
26.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述第一行线迹基本上垂直于所述片材的纵向对齐。
27.如权利要求18所述的方法,还包括提供背衬片材或条带将所述背衬片材或条带以及折叠在所述叠堆的第一端部上方的步骤。
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AU2017415635B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2023-12-14 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Sewn and perforated stack of absorbent sheets |
CN110612254B (zh) * | 2017-05-24 | 2022-04-12 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | 缝制的吸水片材叠堆 |
MX2022004685A (es) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-05-10 | Kimberly Clark Co | Pila de laminas absorbentes que incluye un sistema de montaje. |
US11716827B1 (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-08-01 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Server chassis deflection driven by cable tensioning |
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US2017248A (en) * | 1934-01-10 | 1935-10-15 | Serv A Towel Mfg Company | Towel book support |
US5941186A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-24 | Argentino; Giovanni | High security fabric |
US20140203059A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Apparatus for controlling the nip force/pressure between two rotating cylinders |
EP3326811A1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2018-05-30 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing composite sheet comprising aerogel sheet |
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KR960003614Y1 (ko) * | 1993-10-23 | 1996-04-27 | 홍철 | 서책식 화장지 |
CN104494219A (zh) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 常熟市一心无纺制品有限公司 | 一种抗菌无纺布 |
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2017
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- 2017-10-31 BR BR112020007022-0A patent/BR112020007022A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-10-31 US US16/759,589 patent/US20200290304A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-10-31 MX MX2020003685A patent/MX2020003685A/es unknown
- 2017-10-31 KR KR1020207013064A patent/KR20200080251A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201780095725.5A patent/CN111200960A/zh active Pending
- 2017-10-31 GB GB2006930.8A patent/GB2581725A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2017248A (en) * | 1934-01-10 | 1935-10-15 | Serv A Towel Mfg Company | Towel book support |
US5941186A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-24 | Argentino; Giovanni | High security fabric |
US20140203059A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-07-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Apparatus for controlling the nip force/pressure between two rotating cylinders |
EP3326811A1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2018-05-30 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing composite sheet comprising aerogel sheet |
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BR112020007022A2 (pt) | 2020-10-06 |
KR20200080251A (ko) | 2020-07-06 |
MX2020003685A (es) | 2020-08-03 |
WO2019088995A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
AU2017438052A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
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