CN111198397A - Double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, detection system and imaging method - Google Patents
Double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, detection system and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111198397A CN111198397A CN202010107082.5A CN202010107082A CN111198397A CN 111198397 A CN111198397 A CN 111198397A CN 202010107082 A CN202010107082 A CN 202010107082A CN 111198397 A CN111198397 A CN 111198397A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
- G01T1/362—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with scintillation detectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, a detection system and an imaging method, wherein the detector comprises a first visible light sensor, a first fluorescent material layer, an encapsulation material interlayer, a second fluorescent material layer and a second visible light sensor which are arranged in a stacked mode, the first visible light sensor is closer to an X-ray source than the second visible light sensor, and the resolution of the first visible light sensor is greater than that of the second visible light sensor; the first visible light sensor absorbs the visible photons generated by the first fluorescent material layer excited by the X-rays; the second visible light sensor absorbs the visible photons generated by the second fluorescent material layer excited by the X-rays; the packaging material interlayer is used for separating the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the first fluorescent material layer from the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the second fluorescent material layer. The upper and lower detectors of the system can respectively output high-resolution images and high-energy absorption images, and interested images can be obtained through an image algorithm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of imaging of X-ray detectors, in particular to an X-ray detector with double energy spectrums and double resolutions, a detection system and an imaging method.
Background
The detector in the X-ray imaging system plays a decisive role in the imaging of the system, in which it is desirable to realize the simultaneous presentation of X-rays of different energies, and in order to display tissues of different densities, it is desirable to have different resolutions, and the demands for dual energy and dual resolution in DSA-functional angiography in large C systems are becoming more and more clear.
The principle of using dual-energy imaging in the CT system at present is to use different energy sources to realize dual-energy imaging, but in the switching process, switching energy sources needs to take a certain time to switch, which affects the efficiency of the system, and there is a possibility that the object to be measured moves, forming a movement artifact.
In practical use, different resolutions are required, different tissues need to be resolved in different parts, and the detector needs to have higher resolution capability.
Such application scenarios put high demands on the system, and the detection capability of high and low energy spectrums and the high resolution are required, and such demands put the detection capability of dual energy spectrums and the different resolutions on the detector, so that the detection system in the prior art cannot well meet such high performance requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, a detection system and an imaging method. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides a dual-energy spectrum and dual-resolution X-ray detector, which comprises a first visible light sensor, a first fluorescent material layer, an encapsulation material interlayer, a second fluorescent material layer and a second visible light sensor which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first visible light sensor is closer to an X-ray source than the second visible light sensor, and the resolution of the first visible light sensor is greater than that of the second visible light sensor;
the first visible light sensor is used for absorbing the visible photons generated by the first fluorescent material layer excited by X-rays; the second visible light sensor is used for absorbing the visible photons generated by the second fluorescent material layer excited by the X-rays; the packaging material interlayer is used for isolating the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the first fluorescent material layer from the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the second fluorescent material layer.
Further, the thickness of the second fluorescent material layer is larger than that of the first fluorescent material layer.
Furthermore, the dual-energy spectrum and dual-resolution X-ray detector further comprises a packaging material wall layer arranged around the side surfaces of the first fluorescent material layer and the second fluorescent material layer, wherein one edge of the packaging material wall layer abuts against the first visible light sensor, and the other edge of the packaging material wall layer abuts against the second visible light sensor.
Further, the first visible light sensor and the second visible light sensor are the same in shape and size, the first fluorescent material layer and the second fluorescent material layer are the same in shape and size, the area of the first visible light sensor is larger than that of the first fluorescent material layer, and the packaging material wall layer is in a recessed structure relative to the first visible light sensor and the second visible light sensor.
Furthermore, the packaging material interlayer and the packaging material wall layer are both made of X-fluorescence packaging materials, and the packaging materials are aluminum films and hot melt adhesives.
Further, the X-ray-to-visible light material contained in the first and second fluorescent material layers is cesium iodide or other scintillators.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system, which includes an X-ray source, a first image acquisition device, a second image acquisition device, and the dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detector as described above, where the first image acquisition device is electrically connected to a first visible light sensor to acquire a first image, and the second image acquisition device is electrically connected to a second visible light sensor to acquire a second image.
Furthermore, the dual-energy-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system further comprises a processor, the processor is electrically connected with the first image acquisition device and the second image acquisition device, and the processor can perform image operation processing on the first image acquired by the first image acquisition device and the second image acquired by the second image acquisition device.
In another aspect, the present invention provides an imaging method based on the dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system, including the following steps:
turning on the X-ray source to emit X-rays toward a first visible light sensor of the X-ray detection system;
if the target obtains a high-resolution image, outputting a first image acquired by a first image acquisition device;
and if the target obtains the high-energy absorption image, outputting a second image acquired by a second image acquisition device.
Further, the imaging method further includes:
and performing image operation processing on the first image and the second image by using a processor to obtain a synthesized combined image.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
a. utilizing the visible light sensors with different resolutions on the upper layer and the lower layer, and outputting a high-resolution image by the visible light sensor with high resolution;
b. the two layers of fluorescent material layers are isolated by using an encapsulation material, and X-rays passing through the one layer of fluorescent material layer and the two layers of fluorescent material layers form two different energy spectrums, wherein the X-rays passing through the second layer of fluorescent material layer are high-energy spectrums, and correspondingly high-energy absorption images are obtained;
c. by applying different image algorithms, an image of interest can be obtained, and an interested combined image is output after the resolution and the quantum detection efficiency are balanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detector provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1-a first visible light sensor, 2-a second visible light sensor, 3-a first fluorescent material layer, 4-a second fluorescent material layer, 5-an encapsulation material interlayer and 6-an encapsulation material wall layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a dual-energy spectrum and dual-resolution X-ray detector, which comprises a first visible light sensor 1, a first fluorescent material layer 3, an encapsulation material interlayer 5, a second fluorescent material layer 4 and a second visible light sensor 2 which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first visible light sensor 1 and the second visible light sensor 2 are TFT flat plates with different resolutions, specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first visible light sensor 1 is closer to an X-ray source than the second visible light sensor 2, and the resolution of the first visible light sensor 1 is greater than that of the second visible light sensor 2.
The first visible light sensor 1 is used for absorbing the visible photons generated by the first fluorescent material layer 3 excited by X-rays; the second visible light sensor 2 is used for absorbing the light photons generated by the second fluorescent material layer 4 excited by the X-rays.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-spectrum and dual-resolution X-ray detector further includes a peripheral wall layer 6 of an encapsulation material disposed along the sides of the first fluorescent material layer 3 and the second fluorescent material layer 4, and one edge of the wall layer 6 of the encapsulation material abuts against the first visible light sensor 1, and the other edge abuts against the second visible light sensor 2. The packaging material partition layer 5 and the packaging material wall layer 6 are used together for isolating the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the first fluorescent material layer 3 from the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the second fluorescent material layer 4. In one embodiment of the present invention, the barrier layer of encapsulant material 5 and the wall layer of encapsulant material 6 are both made of an X-ray fluorescent encapsulant material, preferably an aluminum film and a hot melt adhesive.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the second phosphor layer 4 is greater than the thickness of the first phosphor layer 3. Optionally, the X-ray to visible light material contained in the first fluorescent material layer 3 and the second fluorescent material layer 4 is cesium iodide (CsI) or another scintillator, in this embodiment of the present invention, the X-ray to visible light material of the first fluorescent material layer 3 and the second fluorescent material layer 4 may be the same or different, and the another scintillator is a scintillation crystal formed by modifying a high-density Cherenkov crystal material, such as PbF2、NaBi(WO4)2And (3) an isocrystalline body; also NaI Tl or CsI Tl crystal, etc. The reason why the second fluorescent material layer 4 is thick is that the energy spectrum of the X-rays passing through the first fluorescent material layer 3 and entering the second fluorescent material layer 4 becomes narrow and the rays become hardened, that is, the intensity of the X-rays entering the second fluorescent material layer 4 becomes high, in order to ensure that the second fluorescent material layer 4 can absorb the X-rays with high intensity, if the number of the photons absorbed by the first visible light sensor 1 is close to or the same as the number of the photons absorbed by the second visible light sensor 2, the thickness of the second fluorescent material layer 4 is larger than that of the first fluorescent material layer 3, otherwise, most of the X-rays are absorbed in the first fluorescent material layer 3, and the absorption of the photons by the second visible light sensor 2 and the imaging quality of the underlying detector where the X-rays are located are affected.
Referring to fig. 1, the first visible light sensor 1 and the second visible light sensor 2 have the same shape and size, that is, a first image acquired by the first visible light sensor 1 and a second image acquired by the second visible light sensor 2 are two images obtained by imaging the same object, and the size and the angle of the imaged object in the two images are the same, so that it is possible to apply various image algorithms to the two images; the first fluorescent material layer 3 and the second fluorescent material layer 4 are identical in shape and size, the area of the first visible light sensor 1 is larger than that of the first fluorescent material layer 3, and the packaging material wall layer 6 is recessed relative to the first visible light sensor 1 and the second visible light sensor 2, so that visible photons generated by the first fluorescent material layer 3 excited by X-rays can be efficiently absorbed by the first visible light sensor 1, and visible photons generated by the second fluorescent material layer 4 excited by X-rays can be efficiently absorbed by the second visible light sensor 2.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a dual-energy spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system is provided, as shown in fig. 2, the X-ray detection system includes an X-ray source, a first image acquisition device electrically connected to the first visible light sensor 1 for acquiring a first image, a second image acquisition device electrically connected to the second visible light sensor 2 for acquiring a second image, and the dual-energy spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detector as described above. The X-ray detection system can output two forms of images by one-time exposure, the first fluorescent material layer 3 absorbs low-energy X-rays and converts the low-energy X-rays into visible photons which are absorbed by the first visible light sensor 1 with high resolution, and correspondingly, the first image acquisition device acquires high-resolution images, so that the high-resolution images have good imaging effect on low-density tissues and can acquire very clear images; the X-ray which is not absorbed by the first fluorescent material layer 3 penetrates into the second fluorescent material layer 4, the energy spectrum changes (narrows) to be hardened, the intensity of the ray is high, the ray is absorbed in the second fluorescent material layer 4 and converted into visible photons which are absorbed by the second visible light sensor 2 with low resolution, correspondingly, the second image acquisition device acquires a high-energy absorption image, and the high-energy X-ray imaging is suitable for imaging tissues with high density, such as mammary gland. It should be noted that the low resolution of the second visible light sensor 2 is relative to the high resolution of the first visible light sensor 1, and if the resolution of the second visible light sensor 2 is too high, the absorption of the visible photons by the second visible light sensor 2 is not favorable if the pixel size is too small, and therefore, the second visible light sensor 2 with too high resolution may not be able to image because the absorption efficiency of the visible photons is too low.
In a preferred embodiment, the dual-energy spectrum and dual-resolution X-ray detection system further includes a processor electrically connected to the first image acquisition device and the second image acquisition device, and the processor is capable of performing image operation on the first image acquired by the first image acquisition device and the second image acquired by the second image acquisition device. In this embodiment, the X-ray detection system can output three types of images at a time of exposure, and in addition to the above-described high resolution image and high energy absorption image, a combined image, which may be an image addition or subtraction or other more image processing operation on the first image and the second image, can be output.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an imaging method based on the dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system, including the following steps:
turning on the X-ray source to emit X-rays toward a first visible light sensor of the X-ray detection system;
if the target obtains a high-resolution image, outputting a first image X1 acquired by a first image acquisition device, for example, if the orthopedic patient is currently shot with an X-ray film, selecting to output a first image X1;
if the target obtains the high-energy absorption image, a second image X2 acquired by the second image acquisition device is output, for example, if the breast patient is currently taken an X-ray film, a second image X2 is selected to be output.
Further, the imaging method further includes:
the first image x1 and the second image x2 are subjected to image operation processing by a processor, and a combined image f (x1) + f (x2) is obtained. For example, when a thicker tissue is imaged, but the density is lower, such as a hip joint, the first image and the second image need to be subtracted, and a composite image of interest can be output after balancing the resolution and quantum detection efficiency. The image algorithm f (x1) + f (x2) performed on the first image and the second image according to the present invention may be any image synthesis algorithm in the prior art, and will not be described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The double-energy-spectrum and double-resolution X-ray detector is characterized by comprising a first visible light sensor (1), a first fluorescent material layer (3), an encapsulating material interlayer (5), a second fluorescent material layer (4) and a second visible light sensor (2) which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first visible light sensor (1) is closer to an X-ray source than the second visible light sensor (2), and the resolution of the first visible light sensor (1) is greater than that of the second visible light sensor (2);
the first visible light sensor (1) is used for absorbing the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the first fluorescent material layer (3); the second visible light sensor (2) is used for absorbing the visible photons generated by the second fluorescent material layer (4) excited by X-rays; the packaging material interlayer (5) is used for separating the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the first fluorescent material layer (3) from the visible photons generated by the X-ray excitation of the second fluorescent material layer (4).
2. The dual-spectral dual-resolution X-ray detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the second layer of phosphor material (4) is greater than the thickness of the first layer of phosphor material (3).
3. The dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detector according to claim 1, further comprising a peripheral wall layer (6) of packaging material disposed along the sides of the first and second layers of phosphor materials (3, 4), wherein one edge of the wall layer (6) of packaging material abuts against the first visible light sensor (1) and the other edge abuts against the second visible light sensor (2).
4. The dual-spectral dual-resolution X-ray detector according to claim 3, wherein the first visible light sensor (1) and the second visible light sensor (2) are identical in shape and size, the first layer of phosphor material (3) and the second layer of phosphor material (4) are identical in shape and size, the first visible light sensor (1) has a larger area than the first layer of phosphor material (3) and the wall layer of encapsulant material (6) is in a recessed configuration with respect to the first visible light sensor (1) and the second visible light sensor (2).
5. The dual-spectral dual-resolution X-ray detector according to claim 4, wherein the barrier layer (5) of encapsulating material and the wall layer (6) of encapsulating material are both made of X-ray fluorescent encapsulating material, and the encapsulating material is an aluminum film and a hot melt adhesive.
6. The dual-spectral dual-resolution X-ray detector according to claim 1, wherein the first (3) and second (4) layers of phosphor material contain X-ray to visible material that is cesium iodide or other scintillator.
7. A dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system comprising an X-ray source, a first image acquisition device electrically connected to a first visible light sensor (1) for acquiring a first image, a second image acquisition device electrically connected to a second visible light sensor (2) for acquiring a second image, and a dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detector according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The dual-spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system of claim 7, further comprising a processor electrically connected to the first image acquisition device and the second image acquisition device, wherein the processor is capable of performing image operation on the first image acquired by the first image acquisition device and the second image acquired by the second image acquisition device.
9. An imaging method based on the dual-energy spectrum dual-resolution X-ray detection system of claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
turning on the X-ray source to emit X-rays toward a first visible light sensor of the X-ray detection system;
if the target obtains a high-resolution image, outputting a first image acquired by a first image acquisition device;
and if the target obtains the high-energy absorption image, outputting a second image acquired by a second image acquisition device.
10. The imaging method according to claim 9, based on the dual-spectral dual-resolution X-ray detection system of claim 8, further comprising:
and performing image operation processing on the first image and the second image by using a processor to obtain a synthesized combined image.
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| CN202010107082.5A CN111198397A (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-02-21 | Double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, detection system and imaging method |
| PCT/CN2020/121196 WO2021164281A1 (en) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-10-15 | Dual energy spectrum dual resolution x-ray probes, probe system, and imaging method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021164281A1 (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-26 | 江苏康众数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | Dual energy spectrum dual resolution x-ray probes, probe system, and imaging method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7834321B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-11-16 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Apparatus for asymmetric dual-screen digital radiography |
| JP5124226B2 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2013-01-23 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Radiation detector |
| JP2012026932A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-09 | Fujifilm Corp | Radiation detector |
| WO2012066469A1 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Pet-ct system with single detector |
| JP6887427B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2021-06-16 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェＫｏｎｉｎｋｌｉｊｋｅ Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｓ Ｎ．Ｖ． | Radiation detector for combined detection of low-energy radiation quanta and high-energy radiation quanta |
| CN207318734U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-05-04 | 同源微（北京）半导体技术有限公司 | A kind of linear array double energy X-ray detector |
| EP3505969A1 (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2019-07-03 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Detector for x-ray imaging |
| CN211826543U (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏康众数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | Double-energy spectrum and double-resolution X-ray detector and detection system |
| CN111198397A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-26 | 江苏康众数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | Double-energy-spectrum double-resolution X-ray detector, detection system and imaging method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021164281A1 (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-26 | 江苏康众数字医疗科技股份有限公司 | Dual energy spectrum dual resolution x-ray probes, probe system, and imaging method |
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