CN111196731A - Method for fixing heavy metal in oil sludge dry slag, porous ceramsite and application - Google Patents
Method for fixing heavy metal in oil sludge dry slag, porous ceramsite and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for fixing heavy metals in oil sludge dry slag, porous ceramsite and application, wherein the method comprises the following steps: mixing, ball-milling and granulating oil sludge dry residues, papermaking sludge and kaolin to obtain a blank material; preparing potassium feldspar into potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material; drying and sintering. The papermaking sludge is added into the sintered body system to replace part of kaolin, so that the disposal cost is saved. Because a large amount of wood fibers contained in the paper making sludge are gasified and combusted in the sintering process, a green body generates more pores, the water in the green body can be dried by the combustion heat, the disposal energy consumption is reduced, and the porous ceramsite formed after sintering can be used as roadbed aggregates, heat insulation supporting materials, sound insulation supporting materials and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for fixing heavy metals in oil sludge dry slag, porous ceramsite and application.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The oil sludge dry residue is dry residue generated in the oil sludge treatment process, and the oil sludge is oil-containing solid waste generated in the oil exploitation, transportation, refining and oil-containing sewage treatment processes. Contains a large amount of odorous toxic substances such as benzene series, phenols, anthracene, pyrene and the like and heavy metals such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury and the like, and if the toxic substances are not treated and directly discharged, not only occupies a large amount of cultivated land, but also pollutes surrounding soil, water and air. Currently, oil sludge has been classified by the nation as a hazardous waste. The prior method for treating oil sludge at home and abroad generally comprises the following steps: incineration, biological treatment, thermal washing, solvent extraction, chemical emulsion breaking, solid-liquid separation, etc. The dry residue generated after the oil sludge treatment still contains organic compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the like and heavy metals such as copper, zinc, chromium, mercury and the like, further advanced treatment is needed, harmlessness and recycling are thoroughly realized, most of the existing oil sludge dry residue is treated by a direct landfill method, not only farmland is occupied, but also the surrounding environment is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for fixing heavy metals in oil sludge dry slag, porous ceramsite and application.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a method for fixing heavy metals in oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing, ball-milling and granulating oil sludge dry residues, papermaking sludge and kaolin to obtain a blank material;
preparing potassium feldspar into potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
drying and sintering.
Oil sludge dry slag: refers to the waste generated after the thermal desorption of the oily solid waste generated in the processes of oil exploitation, transportation, refining and oily sewage treatment.
Papermaking sludge: the deposit generated in the process of treating the papermaking wastewater contains a large amount of wood fibers, saccharides, salt, kaolin and the like, and can generate a large amount of heat during combustion.
The papermaking sludge is added into the sintered body system, so that on one hand, the papermaking sludge can replace part of kaolin, and the disposal cost is saved. In addition, because a large amount of wood fibers contained in the paper making sludge are gasified and combusted in the sintering process, reducing atmosphere which is beneficial to treatment of various heavy metals is generated in the green body, the green body is provided with more pores, the water in the green body can be dried by the heat of combustion, the treatment energy consumption is reduced, and the heat insulation, sound insulation and filtration efficiency of the ceramsite can be effectively improved by the fine pores formed after sintering, so that the ceramsite can be widely used as roadbed aggregates, heat insulation support materials, sound insulation support materials, filter materials and the like.
In the drying process, the potassium feldspar slurry is uniformly sprayed on the blank particles for sintering, a layer of compact glaze film is formed on the surface of the blank, and after the glaze film is combined with the surface layer of the blank, a layer of compact glass is formed by high-temperature sintering to wrap the glaze film, so that the aim of further sealing various heavy metal ions in the oil sludge dry slag is fulfilled.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue, the paper sludge, the kaolin and the potassium feldspar is 30-50: 20-40: 10-20: 15-25. The weight ratio is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials.
In some embodiments, the fineness of the mixture of the oil sludge dry residue, the paper making sludge and the kaolin after ball milling is 100-200 meshes, and the fineness can ensure that various heavy metals in the oil sludge dry residue can be effectively dispersed and uniformly distributed in a blank structure, so that all heavy metal ions can be effectively ensured to form a new lattice structure after sintering, and are effectively and completely wrapped by a glass phase of a ceramsite seed; adding water to adjust water content to reach water content of 20-50% suitable for extrusion granulation, and granulating.
In some embodiments, the potash feldspar is ball-milled to a fineness of 200-300 meshes, the sintered glass phase coating can be more effectively formed by the granularity, and the water content is adjusted to be 30-40% suitable for coating molding by adding water.
Furthermore, the diameter of the granulated blank material is 3-10mm, and the length is 10-20 mm.
Furthermore, the sintering temperature is 950-.
A porous ceramsite is prepared by the method for fixing heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag.
The porous ceramsite is applied to preparation of roadbed aggregates, heat insulation materials and sound insulation materials.
The beneficial effects of the above one or more embodiments of the invention are as follows:
the papermaking sludge is added into the sintered body system to replace part of kaolin, so that the disposal cost is saved. Because a large amount of wood fibers contained in the paper making sludge are gasified and combusted in the sintering process, a green body generates more pores, the water in the green body can be dried by the combustion heat, the disposal energy consumption is reduced, and the porous ceramsite formed after sintering can be used as roadbed aggregates, heat insulation supporting materials, sound insulation supporting materials and the like.
In the drying process, the potassium feldspar slurry is uniformly sprayed on the blank particles for sintering, and a layer of compact glaze film is formed on the surface of the blank, so that the aim of sealing heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of ceramic bone particles prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a topographical view of ceramic bone particles prepared in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a topographical view of the ceramic bone particles prepared in example 3.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example 1
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling to the fineness of 100-mesh and 200-mesh, adjusting the water content to 25%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 4mm, and the length of the blank material is 15 mm;
ball-milling potassium feldspar to 200 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 35% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 40:30:15: 20. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at the sintering temperature of 1000 ℃ for 20 min.
The appearance of sintered ceramsite bone particles is shown in figure 1, a glass body is more than crystal particles, the crystal particles are all covered in the glass body, the cylinder pressure strength is 6.8MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.26w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metal in the leaching solution is 0.034mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
Example 2
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling to the fineness of 100-200 meshes, adjusting the water content to 40%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 8mm, and the length of the blank material is 20 mm;
ball-milling the potassium feldspar to 200 meshes and 300 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 40% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 50:40:10: 20. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at 1100 ℃ for 30 min.
The appearance of sintered ceramsite bone particles is shown in fig. 2, crystal grains are wrapped in a glass body, the cylinder pressure strength is 7.4MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.43w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metals in the leachate is 0.0012mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
Example 3
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling to the fineness of 100-mesh and 200-mesh, adjusting the water content to 50%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 10mm, and the length of the blank material is 10 mm;
ball-milling the potassium feldspar to 200 meshes and 300 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 30% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 30:20:20: 25. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at 950 ℃ for 15 min.
The appearance of sintered ceramsite bone particles is shown in fig. 3, crystal grains are wrapped in a glass body, the cylinder pressure strength is 6.05MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.12w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metals in the leachate is 0.0045mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
Comparative example 1 (ball milling with large particle size)
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling until the fineness is 80 meshes, adjusting the water content to be 25%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 4mm, and the length of the blank material is 15 mm;
ball-milling potassium feldspar to 100 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 35% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 40:30:15: 20. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at the sintering temperature of 1000 ℃ for 20 min.
The appearance of the sintered ceramsite bone particles is shown in the following graph, the vitreous body is more than crystal particles, the crystal particles are all wrapped in the vitreous body, the cylinder pressure strength is 3.2MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.43w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metal in the leaching solution is 0.82mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
Comparative example 2 (ball milling big particle size)
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling until the fineness is 80 meshes, adjusting the water content to 40%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 8mm, and the length of the blank material is 20 mm;
ball-milling potassium feldspar to 100 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 40% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 50:40:10: 20. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at 1100 ℃ for 30 min.
The sintered ceramsite bone particles are shown in the following graph, the crystal particles are wrapped in a glass body, the cylinder pressure strength is 4.5MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.58w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metal in the leachate is 0.68mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (a hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
Comparative example 3 (ball milling big particle size)
The method for fixing the heavy metal in the oil sludge dry slag comprises the following steps:
mixing oil sludge dry residue, papermaking sludge and kaolin, ball-milling until the fineness is 80 meshes, adjusting the water content to be 50%, and granulating to obtain a blank material, wherein the diameter of the blank material is 10mm, and the length of the blank material is 10 mm;
ball-milling potassium feldspar to 100 meshes, adding water to adjust the water content to 30% to prepare potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 30:20:20: 25. The weight ratio of the parts is the weight ratio after being converted into dry materials;
and drying the blank material sprayed with the potassium feldspar slurry, and sintering at 950 ℃ for 15 min.
The sintered ceramsite bone particles are shown in the following graph, the crystal particles are wrapped in a glass body, the cylinder pressure strength is 3.0MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is 0.31w/(m.k), the total concentration of heavy metals in the leachate is 1.2mg/l by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (a hazardous waste identification standard- -leaching toxicity identification HJ 749-2015).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fixing heavy metals in oil sludge dry slag is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
mixing, ball-milling and granulating oil sludge dry residues, papermaking sludge and kaolin to obtain a blank material;
preparing potassium feldspar into potassium feldspar slurry, and uniformly spraying the potassium feldspar slurry on the prepared blank material;
drying and sintering.
2. The method for fixing the heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the oil sludge dry residue to the paper-making sludge to the kaolin to the potassium feldspar is 30-50: 20-40: 10-20: 15-25.
3. The method for fixing the heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fineness of the mixture of the oil sludge dry residue, the papermaking sludge and the kaolin after ball milling is 100-200 meshes, water is added to adjust the water content to be 20-50%, and granulation is carried out.
4. The method for fixing the heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the potash feldspar is ball-milled to the fineness of 200-300 meshes.
5. The method for fixing the heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water content of the potassium feldspar is adjusted to be 30-40%.
6. The method for fixing the heavy metals in the oil sludge dry slag according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the diameter of the granulated blank material is 3-10mm, and the length is 10-20 mm.
7. The method for immobilizing heavy metals in sludge dry residue according to claim 1, wherein the method for immobilizing heavy metals in sludge dry residue according to claim 1 comprises: the sintering temperature is 950-1100 ℃.
8. The method for immobilizing heavy metals in sludge dry residue according to claim 7, the method for immobilizing heavy metals in sludge dry residue according to claim 1, comprising: the sintering time is 15-30 min.
9. A porous ceramsite prepared by the method for immobilizing heavy metals in the dry sludge residue according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the porous ceramsite of claim 9 for the preparation of road base aggregates, thermal insulation materials and sound insulation materials.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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