CN111196153B - Power supply device and method for electric automobile - Google Patents
Power supply device and method for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111196153B CN111196153B CN201811276470.5A CN201811276470A CN111196153B CN 111196153 B CN111196153 B CN 111196153B CN 201811276470 A CN201811276470 A CN 201811276470A CN 111196153 B CN111196153 B CN 111196153B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power supply device and a power supply method for an electric automobile. In one embodiment, a power supply apparatus of an electric vehicle includes: the system comprises a high-voltage storage battery, a direct-current voltage conversion module, a main high-voltage relay, a parking auxiliary high-voltage relay and a controller; the main high-voltage relay and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay are connected between the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module in parallel; the controller is configured to close the main high-voltage relay when the electric automobile is in a running state, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module; and when the electric automobile is in a parking dormant state, the main high-voltage relay is switched off, and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is switched on, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates generally to electric vehicle technology, and more particularly, to a power supply apparatus and method for an electric vehicle.
Background
The power supply device (i.e., the vehicle-mounted power supply) of the electric vehicle generally includes a high-voltage battery and a low-voltage battery. The normal operating voltage of the high-voltage storage battery is about 100V-600V generally, and the normal operating voltage of the low-voltage storage battery is about 12V generally.
In the prior art, the starting process of the electric vehicle in the parking and sleeping state is usually to unlock and wake up the electric vehicle by, for example, a key system. In this case, it is usually necessary to provide electric energy from a low-voltage battery to trigger the high-voltage relay to close through a controller, so that a high-voltage system (e.g., a power system, a brake system, etc.) of the electric vehicle is powered on, and thus the electric vehicle enters a driving state. In the driving state, the high-voltage battery converts the high voltage via a direct-current voltage conversion module (DCDC) into a low voltage (for example 14V) which is slightly higher than the operating voltage of the low-voltage battery, in order to supply the low-voltage system (usually an onboard electronic system, for example an onboard 3G/4G module, etc.) with power and to charge the low-voltage battery. After the electric automobile is driven, the user turns off the electric automobile, the high-voltage relay is disconnected, the high-voltage system is powered off, and the electric automobile enters the parking dormant state again.
During the parking dormant state, part of the low-voltage system, such as the vehicle-mounted 3G/4G module, still keeps a certain working state. And will wake up to perform a particular function. At this time, the low voltage battery is usually used to provide the vehicle quiescent current to power these modules. However, the continuous supply of the static current of the entire vehicle consumes the electric power of the low-voltage battery. Therefore, the low-voltage battery must have a certain capacity to achieve a sufficient charge after a specified parking sleep time (i.e., after a certain amount of charge has been consumed by providing the vehicle quiescent current) to unlock and wake the electric vehicle and actuate the closing of the high-voltage relay when the electric vehicle is restarted.
If the low-voltage storage battery does not meet the condition, a power shortage phenomenon may be caused, that is, after a certain parking dormancy time, the low-voltage storage battery does not have enough electric quantity to unlock and wake up the electric automobile and drive to close the high-voltage relay, so that the electric automobile may not be started normally. On the other hand, the larger the capacity of the low-voltage battery is, the larger the weight and volume of the battery are, and the higher the cost is.
In the prior art, in order to avoid the phenomenon of power shortage of the low-voltage battery, some solutions add a related voltage or power monitoring device, and if the low-voltage battery is found to be power shortage, wake up the high-voltage system to charge the low-voltage battery through the dc voltage conversion module (see chinese patent documents CN201621001113.4, CN 201610489781.4). In addition, there is also proposed a method of connecting an auxiliary switch in parallel to both sides of a high-voltage relay switch to manually close the switch to operate a high-voltage system and supply power to a low-voltage system through a dc voltage conversion module in a low-voltage battery power-loss state (see chinese patent document CN 201621159673.2). However, these prior art solutions are remedies after the low-voltage battery has been discharged, and they cannot essentially avoid the low-voltage battery discharge phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply apparatus and method for an electric vehicle, which substantially avoid a low-voltage battery of the electric vehicle from being short of power.
One aspect of the present invention provides a power supply apparatus for an electric vehicle, including: the system comprises a high-voltage storage battery, a direct-current voltage conversion module, a main high-voltage relay, a parking auxiliary high-voltage relay and a controller; the main high-voltage relay and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay are connected between the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module in parallel; the controller is configured to close the main high-voltage relay when the electric automobile is in a running state, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module; and when the electric automobile is in a parking dormant state, the main high-voltage relay is switched off, and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is switched on, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a power supply method for an electric vehicle, including the steps of: closing a main high-voltage relay to enable the electric automobile to enter a running state, and enabling a high-voltage storage battery to supply power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through a direct-current voltage conversion module; the main high-voltage relay is switched off, the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is switched on, so that the electric automobile enters a parking dormant state, and the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module; the main high-voltage relay and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay are connected between the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module in parallel.
Drawings
The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a power supply method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that the following description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. Electrical, mechanical, logical, and structural changes may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, as may be required by the practice of the embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that one or more features of the different embodiments described below can be combined for any specific application scenario or actual need.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply device 1 of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention. In fig. 1, a power supply device 1 for an electric vehicle includes: a high voltage battery 2 (which may include a high voltage battery management system 3), a dc voltage conversion module 4, a main high voltage relay 5, a parking assist high voltage relay 6, a controller 7, and a low voltage battery 8. The main high-voltage relay 5 and the parking assistant high-voltage relay 6 are connected in parallel between the high-voltage battery 2 and the direct-current voltage conversion module 4. On the other hand, the dc voltage conversion module 6 is connected to a low-voltage battery 8, and both are also connected to an on-vehicle low-voltage system 10 via a fuse 9. The controller 7 is used to control (also connect) the main high-voltage relay 5 and the parking assist high-voltage relay 6.
The operation of the power supply apparatus 1 for an electric vehicle is described in detail below.
When the electric automobile is started, a user unlocks and wakes up the electric automobile through a key system, and the electric automobile enters a driving state. In the driving state, the controller 7 closes the main high-voltage relay 5, and the dc voltage conversion module 4 converts the voltage of the high-voltage battery 2 into, for example, 14V voltage to supply power to the low-voltage system 10. The low voltage system 10 may include various vehicle-mounted electronic systems driven by a low voltage power source (e.g., 12V) and maintaining a certain operation state in both a driving state and a parking and sleeping state, and specific examples thereof may include a vehicle-mounted 3G/4G module and the like.
It should be noted that, in the driving state, the high-voltage battery 2 can also supply power to the high-voltage system (e.g., power system, brake system, etc.) of the electric vehicle through the main high-voltage relay 5. This part of the circuit is not shown in fig. 1, and it can be implemented by using related schemes in the prior art, and is not described here again.
And after the user finishes driving, the electric automobile is turned off, and the electric automobile enters a parking dormant state. In the parking sleep state, the controller 7 causes the main high-voltage relay 5 to be opened and the parking auxiliary high-voltage contactor 6 to be closed. In this way, the high voltage of the high-voltage battery 2 is input to the dc voltage conversion module 4 through the parking assist high-voltage contactor 6, and the power is supplied to the low-voltage system 10.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the power supply device 1 of the electric vehicle comprises a low-voltage battery 8. In this case, in the parking sleep state, the dc voltage conversion module 4 may output a voltage (for example, 13V) slightly higher than the operating voltage of the low-voltage battery 8 to supply power to the low-voltage system 10 and may simultaneously charge the low-voltage battery 8. Therefore, in the parking dormant state, the low-voltage storage battery 8 is not independently used for providing the quiescent current of the whole vehicle, so that the phenomenon of insufficient current of the low-voltage storage battery 8 is avoided essentially, and the minimum electric quantity required by the low-voltage storage battery 8 can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume and the weight of the low-voltage storage battery 8 and reducing the cost.
In one embodiment, the low-voltage battery 8 can be dispensed with, i.e. the power supply device 1 of the electric vehicle does not comprise the low-voltage battery 8. In this case, when the electric vehicle is in a parking sleep state, the controller 7 opens the main high-voltage relay 5 and closes the parking assist high-voltage relay 6, so that the high-voltage battery 2 supplies all the electric energy required by the high-voltage battery to the low-voltage system 10 through the dc voltage conversion module 4. In this way, the quiescent current consumed by the electric vehicle in the parked and dormant state is entirely supplied by the high-voltage battery 2 via the dc voltage conversion module 4, including the power required to unlock and wake up the electric vehicle and to drive the closed high-voltage relay, so that the low-voltage battery 8 is no longer required in the power supply apparatus of the electric vehicle. Of course, in this case, the dc voltage conversion module 4 should be designed such that: the power provided by the electric automobile in the parking and sleeping state is larger than the power required by unlocking and awakening the electric automobile and driving the closed high-voltage relay.
It should be noted that, in consideration of the parking and sleeping state, the power consumption of each module of the electric vehicle is relatively low. Therefore, in the parking sleep state, the high-voltage battery 2, the parking assist relay 6, and the dc voltage conversion module 4 can all be operated in a low power consumption mode, i.e., a mode in the parking sleep state in which power consumption is lower than that in the driving state. For example, the total static current of the electric vehicle is about (less than) 20mA, so that the dc voltage conversion module 4 is expected to consume about 0.02A × 13V × 24h = 6.24wh, i.e., about 0.007kwh, per day in the parking sleep state. Such energy consumption is small for the high-voltage battery 2 of the energy storage type. Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the invention, in the parking and sleeping state, milliampere-level static current power consumption of the whole vehicle can be basically ignored for the high-voltage storage battery 2, and no extra burden is caused on the high-voltage storage battery 2.
In one embodiment, the parking assist high voltage relay 6 may directly connect the high voltage battery 2 and the dc voltage conversion module 4 through a wire. In another embodiment, the parking assist high voltage relay 6 may connect the high voltage battery 2 and the dc voltage conversion module 4 using a normally closed contact.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the limitation that the high-voltage storage battery 2 does not work basically during the parking dormancy in the prior art is broken through, so that the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay 6 is connected with the high-voltage storage battery 2 and the direct-current voltage conversion module 4 during the parking dormancy of the electric automobile, the power is continuously supplied by the high-voltage storage battery 2 during the parking dormancy, and the phenomenon of power shortage of the low-voltage storage battery 8 is avoided. Also, the volume of the low-voltage battery 8 can be reduced, and even the low-voltage battery 8 can be eliminated, without substantially increasing the burden on the high-voltage battery 2, thereby saving the corresponding arrangement space and cost in the electric vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a power supply method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the methods or processes described with reference to fig. 2 may be performed or embodied by corresponding means in the embodiments described above with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2, at block 101, the main high-voltage relay 5 is closed to bring the electric vehicle into a driving state, and the high-voltage battery 2 is supplied to the low-voltage system 10 of the electric vehicle via the dc voltage conversion module 4.
At block 103, the main high-voltage relay 5 is opened, the parking assistant high-voltage relay 6 is closed, so that the electric vehicle enters a parking dormant state, and the high-voltage storage battery 2 supplies power to the low-voltage system 10 of the electric vehicle through the direct-current voltage conversion module 4.
The main high-voltage relay 5 and the parking assistant high-voltage relay 6 are connected in parallel between the high-voltage battery 2 and the direct-current voltage conversion module 4.
In one embodiment, block 103 may further comprise: the main high-voltage relay 5 is switched off, and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay 6 is switched on, so that the electric automobile enters a parking dormant state, and the high-voltage storage battery 2 is charged into the low-voltage storage battery 8 through the direct-current voltage conversion module 4; the low-voltage battery 8 is connected to the dc voltage conversion module 4.
In one embodiment, block 103 may further comprise: the main high-voltage relay 5 is opened, the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay 6 is closed, so that the electric automobile enters a parking dormant state, and the high-voltage storage battery 2 supplies all electric energy required by the electric automobile to a low-voltage system 10 of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module 4.
In one embodiment, the parking assist high voltage relay 6 may directly connect the high voltage battery 2 and the dc voltage conversion module 4 through a wire. In another embodiment, the parking assist high voltage relay 6 may connect the high voltage battery 2 and the dc voltage conversion module 4 using a normally closed contact.
It should be noted that, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the references herein to "closing" and "opening" of a relay may refer to the act of closing or opening the relay, or may refer to the state of maintaining the relay closed or open, as the case may be.
Furthermore, it should be noted that the flow/device block diagrams shown herein are functional entities that may, but need not, correspond to physically or logically separate entities. Those skilled in the art may implement these functional entities in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices. For example, the functions may be implemented by software programming and loading the computer program instructions onto a computer or other programmable data processor to cause a series of operations to be performed on the computer or other programmable processor to form a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processor provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted in the blocks of the flowchart block diagrams may occur out of the order noted in the flowchart block diagrams, unless expressly specified to the contrary or otherwise limited by technical content. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the actual circumstances and the functionality/acts involved.
The above examples mainly illustrate the main embodiments of the present invention. Although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to cover various modifications and alternative arrangements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A power supply device for an electric vehicle, comprising:
the system comprises a high-voltage storage battery, a direct-current voltage conversion module, a main high-voltage relay, a parking auxiliary high-voltage relay and a controller; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main high-voltage relay and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay are connected in parallel between the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module; and
the controller is configured to close the main high-voltage relay when the electric automobile is in a driving state, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module; and when the electric automobile is in a parking dormant state, the main high-voltage relay is switched off, and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is switched on, so that the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module,
the power supply device further includes: a low-voltage battery connected to the dc voltage conversion module;
and the controller is also configured to, when the electric vehicle is in a parking dormant state, cause the main high-voltage relay to be open and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay to be closed, so that the high-voltage battery also charges the low-voltage battery through the direct-current voltage conversion module.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the device does not include a low voltage battery;
and the controller is also configured to open the main high-voltage relay and close the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay when the electric automobile is in a parking dormant state, so that the high-voltage storage battery provides all electric energy required by the high-voltage storage battery to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module.
3. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-2,
and the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is directly connected with the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module through a lead.
4. A power supply method of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
closing a main high-voltage relay to enable the electric automobile to enter a running state, and enabling a high-voltage storage battery to supply power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through a direct-current voltage conversion module; and the number of the first and second groups,
the main high-voltage relay is opened, the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is closed, so that the electric automobile enters a parking dormant state, the high-voltage storage battery supplies power to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module, and the high-voltage storage battery also charges a low-voltage storage battery through the direct-current voltage conversion module;
wherein the main high-voltage relay and the parking assistant high-voltage relay are connected in parallel between the high-voltage battery and the DC voltage conversion module,
the low-voltage storage battery is connected with the direct-current voltage conversion module.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
and opening the main high-voltage relay, closing the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay to enable the electric automobile to enter a parking dormant state, and enabling the high-voltage storage battery to provide all electric energy required by the high-voltage storage battery to a low-voltage system of the electric automobile through the direct-current voltage conversion module.
6. The method of claim 4,
the parking auxiliary high-voltage relay is directly connected with the high-voltage storage battery and the direct-current voltage conversion module through a lead.
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| CN201811276470.5A CN111196153B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Power supply device and method for electric automobile |
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| CN201811276470.5A CN111196153B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Power supply device and method for electric automobile |
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| CN111196153B true CN111196153B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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