CN111195677A - Creep age forming method for large thin-wall component - Google Patents
Creep age forming method for large thin-wall component Download PDFInfo
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- CN111195677A CN111195677A CN202010028780.6A CN202010028780A CN111195677A CN 111195677 A CN111195677 A CN 111195677A CN 202010028780 A CN202010028780 A CN 202010028780A CN 111195677 A CN111195677 A CN 111195677A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
- B21D31/005—Incremental shaping or bending, e.g. stepwise moving a shaping tool along the surface of the workpiece
Abstract
A creep age forming method for a large thin-wall component comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting an aluminum alloy blank into a component plate containing a component expansion body; cutting the metal plate into an auxiliary plate with the same outline as the plate of the component; closely attaching and fixing the component plate and the auxiliary plate to form a reinforcing plate; placing the reinforcing plate on the molded surface of the mold, and completely coating the reinforcing plate with an air-permeable felt; sticking sealant on the edge part of the mould and sticking a vacuum bag on the sealant so as to form a closed space together with the mould; vacuumizing the closed space to enable the reinforcing plate to approach or keep fit with the molded surface of the mold; putting the reinforcing plate and the die into a hot-pressing tank for vacuum creep age forming, and separating the component plate, the auxiliary plate and the die after the vacuum creep age forming is finished; and milling off the allowance plate. The invention can realize the accurate shape integrated forming of the large-scale thin-wall component and effectively inhibit the local buckling instability condition of the component with weak rigidity in the creep aging forming process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thin-wall component manufacturing, in particular to a creep aging forming method for a large thin-wall component.
Background
The large-scale complex curved surface thin-wall component is widely applied to the aerospace industry, and the quality and performance of the component directly influence the reliability of related products. In order to simultaneously obtain excellent shape performance of the thin-wall component with the hyperbolic structure, a creep age forming technology for shape cooperative manufacturing is developed at home and abroad. Creep age forming technology is mainly based on material creep and aging characteristics, has safety and repeatability and can meet the forming requirements when producing wallboard parts. Firstly, a workpiece is elastically deformed in a certain loading mode at normal temperature, and the deformation is kept; then putting the workpiece and the tool into heating equipment together for heat preservation for a period of time, so that the internal structure and the performance of the workpiece are changed, and part of elastic deformation is converted into plastic deformation.
In the actual production of large thin-wall hyperbolic structural components, it is found that when the thickness of the component to be manufactured is smaller than a certain size, a local buckling instability phenomenon occurs in the bending creep aging forming process of a component plate, and the buckling instability has large deformation and abruptness and cannot form the required component with the hyperbolic structure. Meanwhile, the large-curvature ellipsoid component has the coexistence of tensile and compressive stress and elastic-plastic deformation in the creep age forming loading process, and the existing age forming method is difficult to be suitable for the component.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new creep age forming method for large thin-walled components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a creep aging forming method for a large thin-wall component, which aims to solve the problem that the large thin-wall component proposed in the background art can generate a local buckling instability phenomenon in the bending creep aging forming process.
The technical scheme of the invention is a creep age forming method of a large-scale thin-wall component, which comprises the following steps: cutting an aluminum alloy blank into a component plate material containing a component expansion body, wherein the plate material outside the component expansion body in the component plate material is a residual plate; cutting the other metal plate into an auxiliary plate which has the same outer contour with the plate of the component but the same or different thickness; the material or the components of the metal plate are not completely the same as those of the aluminum alloy blank, and the component plate and the auxiliary plate are tightly attached and fixed together in the thickness direction to form a reinforcing plate; placing a reinforcing plate on the molded surface of the mold, wherein a member plate of the reinforcing plate is placed between an auxiliary plate of the reinforcing plate and the molded surface of the mold, and the reinforcing plate is completely coated by using an air-permeable felt; adhering at least one circle of sealant on the edge part of the mould, and adhering a vacuum bag on the sealant so that the vacuum bag and the mould form a closed space together; the vacuum bag is provided with a vacuum nozzle connected with a vacuum pump, and the vacuum nozzle is used for vacuumizing the closed space so that the reinforcing plate and the molded surface of the mold are attached or kept attached as close as possible; putting the reinforcing plate and the die into a hot-pressing tank for vacuum creep aging forming, and separating the component plate, the auxiliary plate and the die after aging; and milling the residual plate of the formed component plate to finish the manufacturing of the large-sized thin-wall component.
In a specific embodiment, when the aluminum alloy blank is cut into a member plate, milling a region where a member expansion body is located in one side surface of the member plate in the thickness direction, wherein the milled region is a thinning region, the thinning region is formed so that the weight of the member plate is reduced, a circle of outer grid region which has a certain width and is used for welding members is reserved between the thinning region and the outer edge of the member expansion body, and a margin region corresponding to a margin plate is reserved outside the outer grid region; the side surface of the member plate material which is milled is a thinning surface, and the side surface of the member plate material which is not milled is a non-thinning surface; the non-thinning surface of the component plate is tightly attached to the auxiliary plate; before the component plate and the auxiliary plate are tightly attached, silica gel is filled in the milled position of the thinning area corresponding to the thinning surface of the component plate, and a thermosensitive adhesive tape is used for fixing along the periphery of the filled silica gel position.
In a specific embodiment, the width of the outer grid area is 20-100 mm; the thickness of the milled component plate in the thinning area is 30-50% of that of the component plate before milling; the filling thickness of the silica gel is set to be related to the thickness difference value of the outer grid area and the thinning area.
In a specific embodiment, the component plate and the auxiliary plate are closely attached and fixed together by drilling threaded holes in the residual plate of the component plate, drilling through holes in the auxiliary plate at positions corresponding to the threaded holes of the component plate, and fixing the component plate and the auxiliary plate by using bolts corresponding to the threaded holes to penetrate through the through holes and be in threaded connection with the threaded holes, wherein the fixed bolts do not protrude out of the component plate.
In one embodiment, the bolt is covered with silicone and secured with heat sensitive tape before the vacuum bag is adhered to the sealant, and the silicone covered area is wrapped with air felt.
In a specific embodiment, the bolt is a bolt having a strength rating of 8.8 or greater.
In a particular embodiment, the bolt length is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the component panel and the auxiliary plate.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the member plate is 2-10 mm; the thickness of the auxiliary plate is 2-10 mm, and the sum of the thickness of the auxiliary plate and the thickness of the component plate is larger than 6 mm.
In a specific embodiment, the auxiliary plate is an aluminum alloy plate.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the method can realize accurate shape integrated forming of the large-sized thin-walled component, and effectively inhibit the local buckling instability condition of the component with weak rigidity in the creep age forming process.
The component adopts the mode that the thinning area is matched with the outer grid area, the weight of the whole component can be reduced by the thinning area, and the outer grid area can ensure that the welding of the formed component in the later period is not influenced.
According to the invention, the silica gel is adopted to fill the thinning area, so that the unnecessary deformation of the thinning area in the vacuum creep aging forming process can be effectively prevented, and the whole shape of the component is not influenced.
The invention adopts the mode of connecting the bolt and the threaded hole to fasten the component plate and the auxiliary plate, thereby not only meeting the requirement of fastening connection, but also not generating other influences on the performance of the component.
The invention adopts the air felt to wrap the plate of the component and uses the silica gel to cover the position of the bolt, thereby fully protecting the vacuum bag from being damaged in the vacuum creep aging forming process and ensuring that the forming process is smoothly carried out.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a component panel of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a reinforcing plate of the present invention placed on a mold.
Wherein, 1, component plate materials; 2. an auxiliary plate; 3. a mold; 4. silica gel; 5. a bolt; 11. a member development body; 12. a residue plate; 111. a thinning region; 112. an outer grid area; 1a, thinning the surface; 1b, a non-thinned surface; 3a, a mold profile.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1
The invention provides a creep age forming method for a large thin-wall component, which takes a large thin-wall double-curvature component as an example for explanation.
S1, cutting an aluminum alloy plate blank which is delivered from a factory and has the thickness of 5mm and the mark of 2219, wherein the cut component plate 1 can contain a component unfolding body 11, and is preferably cut into an isosceles trapezoid plate with an upper bottom of 743mm, a lower bottom of 1419mm and a height of 1394 mm. As shown in fig. 1. Marking the area of the member unfolded body 11 in the member plate 1, reserving a circle of outer grid area 112 with the width of 50mm inwards along the edge of the area of the member unfolded body 11, milling the area inside the outer grid area 112 of the member unfolded body, and milling 3mm to form a thinning area 111 with the thickness of 2 mm. The milled side surface of the component plate material 1 is a thinning surface 1a, and the non-milled side surface of the component plate material 1 is a non-thinning surface 1 b. The member plate has large integral area and thin thickness and has the characteristic of weak rigidity. And the component plate 1 is provided with the thinning area 111 and the outer grid area 112 in the area of the component unfolding body 11, so that the finally formed component has the characteristic of variable rigidity, the thinning area 111 can reduce the whole weight of the component, and the outer grid area 112 can ensure that the welding of the formed component in the later period is not influenced.
And S2, cutting an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 6mm and the mark of 2A12 into a plate material with the same outer contour as that of the plate material 1 of the member as an auxiliary plate 2.
And S3, drilling threaded holes in the plate outside the member unfolded body 11 on the member plate 1, namely the allowance plate 12.
And S4, drilling through holes matched with the component plate threaded holes at the positions, corresponding to the component plate threaded holes, on the auxiliary plate 2.
S5, filling the silica gel 4 in the milled position of the thinning area corresponding to the thinning surface 1a of the component plate 1, and fixing the milling position with a heat-sensitive adhesive tape along the periphery of the filled silica gel position, wherein the silica gel 4 is high-temperature-resistant silica gel, the endured high-temperature is higher than the temperature of vacuum hot-pressing creep age forming of an autoclave, the filling thickness of the silica gel 4 is set to be related to the thickness difference value of the outer grid area 112 and the thinning area 111, when the thickness of the outer grid area is 5mm, the thickness of the thinning area is 2mm, the thickness difference value of the outer grid area and the thinning area is 3mm, the linear expansion coefficient of the silica gel is α, and the thickness of the silica gel to be filled is 3/(α +1) mm.
And S6, tightly attaching the auxiliary plate 2 to the non-thinning surface 1b of the component plate 1, and fastening the auxiliary plate and the component plate into a whole by penetrating the bolt 5 corresponding to the threaded hole through the through hole and the threaded hole in a threaded manner. The bolt 5 is a bolt with the strength grade of more than or equal to 8.8. The length of the bolt 5 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the component plate 1 and the auxiliary plate 2, and the bolt 5 with the length can ensure that the fixed bolt 5 does not protrude out of the component plate 1, so that the influence on the later-stage vacuum creep age forming in the hot-pressing tank is avoided. The auxiliary plate 2 and the component plate 1 are fastened into a whole to form the reinforcing plate. The close fitting and fixing mode of the component plate 1 and the auxiliary plate 2 is preferably a threaded connection mode; the welding is not preferable because the component plate 1 and the auxiliary plate 2 are both very thin, and the welding temperature can reach 2000 ℃, so that the component plate 1 and the auxiliary plate 2 can deform, and the performance of the component can be influenced; the reason why the high-temperature metal glue is not preferred is that the bonding is not firm enough, and the requirement on the connection strength between the component plate 1 and the auxiliary plate 2 is high.
S7, placing the reinforcing plate on the mould profile 3a, wherein the side of the plate material thinning surface 1a of the reinforcing plate is opposite to the mould profile 3a, and completely coating the reinforcing plate with the air-permeable felt.
And S8, covering the position of the bolt 5 with strip-shaped silica gel, fixing the bolt with a heat-sensitive adhesive tape, and wrapping the silica gel covered area with an air-permeable felt so that the silica gel does not contact with a vacuum bag.
And S9, adhering at least one circle of sealant on the edge part of the mould 3, and adhering a vacuum bag on the sealant so that the vacuum bag and the mould form a closed space together. The vacuum bag will cover the reinforcement plate completely and form together with the mould 3a closed space. The full cladding of the reinforcing plate by the air-permeable felt and the covering of the bolt position by the strip-shaped silica gel are both used for protecting the vacuum bag from being damaged during vacuum creep aging forming in the autoclave.
And S10, arranging a vacuum nozzle connected with a vacuum pump on the vacuum bag, and vacuumizing the closed space through the vacuum nozzle to ensure that the reinforcing plate is close to or keeps attached to the molded surface 3a of the mold as much as possible.
And S11, placing the reinforcing plate and the die 3 into a hot-pressing tank for vacuum creep aging forming, and separating the component plate 1, the auxiliary plate 2 and the die 3 after aging. In the vacuum creep age forming process, a vacuum pump outside the autoclave still vacuumizes the closed space through a pipeline.
And S12, milling the residual plate 12 of the formed component plate 1 to finish the manufacture of the large-scale thin-wall component.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of creep age forming a large thin-walled component, the method comprising: firstly, cutting an aluminum alloy blank into a member plate (1) comprising a member expansion body (11), wherein the plate outside the member expansion body (11) in the member plate (1) is a residual plate (12); cutting the other metal plate into an auxiliary plate (2) which has the same outer contour with the component plate (1) but the same or different thickness; the material or the components of the metal plate are not completely the same as those of the aluminum alloy blank, and the component plate (1) and the auxiliary plate (2) are closely attached and fixed together in the thickness direction to form a reinforcing plate; placing a reinforcing plate on the molded surface (3a) of the mold, wherein a member plate (1) of the reinforcing plate is placed between an auxiliary plate (2) of the reinforcing plate and the molded surface (3a) of the mold, and the reinforcing plate is completely coated by using an air felt; pasting at least one circle of sealant on the edge part of the mould (3), and pasting a vacuum bag on the sealant so that the vacuum bag and the mould (3) form a closed space together; the vacuum bag is provided with a vacuum nozzle connected with a vacuum pump, and the vacuum nozzle is used for vacuumizing the closed space, so that the reinforcing plate and the molded surface (3a) of the mold are close to fit or keep fit as much as possible; putting the reinforcing plate and the die (3) into a hot-pressing tank for vacuum creep aging forming, and separating the member plate (1), the auxiliary plate (2) and the die (3) after aging is finished; and milling the residual plate (12) of the formed member plate (1) to finish the manufacture of the large-sized thin-wall member.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the aluminum alloy blank is cut into the member plate (1), a milling is carried out in a region where the member expansion body (11) is located in one side surface of the member plate (1) in the thickness direction, the milled region is a thinning region (111) which is formed so that the weight of the member plate (1) is reduced, a circle of outer grid region (112) which has a certain width and is used for welding between members is reserved between the thinning region (111) and the outer edge of the member expansion body (11), and a margin region corresponding to the surplus plate (12) is reserved outside the outer grid region (112); the milled side surface of the component plate (1) is a thinning surface (1a), and the non-milled side surface of the component plate (1) is a non-thinning surface (1 b); the non-thinning surface (1b) of the member plate (1) is tightly attached to the auxiliary plate (2); before the component plate (1) and the auxiliary plate (2) are tightly attached, silica gel (4) is filled in the milled position of the thinning area (111) corresponding to the thinning surface (1a) of the component plate (1), and a heat-sensitive adhesive tape is used for fixing along the periphery of the filled silica gel position.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the width of the outer grid area (112) is 20-100 mm; the thickness of the plate of the component after milling in the thinning area (111) is 30-50% of the thickness of the plate of the component before milling; the filling thickness of the silica gel (4) is set to be related to the thickness difference value of the outer grid region (112) and the thinning region (111).
4. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the component panel (1) and the auxiliary plate (2) are fitted and fixed together by drilling threaded holes in the remainder plate (12) of the component panel (1), drilling through holes in the auxiliary plate (2) at positions corresponding to the threaded holes in the component panel, and fixing by screwing bolts (5) corresponding to the threaded holes through the through holes into threaded connections with the threaded holes without the bolts (5) being fixed projecting out of the component panel (1).
5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the bolt (5) is placed over the sealing glue by means of silicone before the vacuum bag is glued to the sealing glue, and is fixed by means of heat-sensitive adhesive tape, and the area covered by the silicone is wrapped with air-permeable felt.
6. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the bolt (5) is a bolt with a strength rating of 8.8 or more.
7. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the bolt (5) length is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the component panel (1) and the auxiliary plate (2).
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the component panel (1) is 2-10 mm; the auxiliary plate (2) is 2-10 mm thick, and the sum of the thickness of the auxiliary plate and the thickness of the component plate is larger than 6 mm.
9. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary plate (2) is an aluminium alloy plate.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111575615A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-25 | 中南大学 | Method for inhibiting buckling in creep age forming of aluminum alloy component with complex curvature |
| CN113584283A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 中南大学 | Design method of creep age forming die for multi-thickness component |
| CN114713671A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-08 | 衡阳泰豪通信车辆有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted cabinet forming method |
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| CN110026739A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | A kind of processing method of the aluminium alloy thin-walled discoid part of T4 |
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