CN111190223B - Recognition and mining method for river phase deposition dispersed oil sand body and application thereof - Google Patents
Recognition and mining method for river phase deposition dispersed oil sand body and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying and exploiting a river phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas field development. The method comprises the following steps: determining a river facies sedimentary region based on the well-drilled well logging data and seismic data; determining the space distribution form of the river facies sediment sand body according to the river facies sediment area; determining the distribution of the river phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river phase sediment sand bodies; and according to the distribution of the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies, adopting a horizontal well mining mode to serially connect the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies for mining. The method is based on well logging data and seismic data, dispersed oil sand bodies deposited in a river phase are identified, and then a horizontal well exploitation mode is adopted, and oil sand bodies with large volume, high reserve and short distance are serially connected along a river channel for exploitation, so that the exploitation cost can be reduced, the oil well control reserve can be increased, and the oil field development benefit can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development, in particular to a recognition and exploitation method of a river phase sedimentary and dispersive oil sand body and application thereof.
Background
5363 in the field Liu Shangyou, the petroleum reserves deposited by the river facies occupy more than seven total geological reserves, and are the main reservoir for oil field development. The river facies sedimentary reservoir has the characteristics of small sand body, thin thickness and low single sand body reserve, so that the economic benefit of independently exploiting single sand body is poor, and combined exploitation is required.
In the related technology, for the river phase sedimentation of different bed series, the oil sand body which can be superposed in the longitudinal direction is usually mined by adopting a vertical well mode, and because the sand body has small volume and thin oil layer, the oil leakage surface of the vertical well mining is small, the mining degree is low and the benefit is poor; for the river phase deposition of different bed series, the oil sand body with displacement in the longitudinal direction is usually produced by adopting a slant well mode, and the effect is similar to that of a straight well.
However, for small oil sand bodies which are not overlapped in the longitudinal direction but are scattered in a plane, it is difficult to achieve economic benefits in both vertical and deviated well productions. Therefore, a plurality of small oil sand bodies are left unused for a long time and cannot be utilized, and therefore the oil well control reserve and the oil field development benefit are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for identifying and exploiting a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body and application thereof, which can solve the problems.
Specifically, the method comprises the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for identifying and exploiting a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body is provided, which comprises the following steps:
determining a river facies sedimentary region based on the well-drilled well logging data and seismic data;
determining the spatial distribution form of the river facies sediment sand body according to the river facies sediment area;
determining the distribution of the river phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river phase sediment sand bodies;
and according to the distribution of the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies, adopting a horizontal well mining mode to serially connect the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies for mining.
In one possible design, the determining the river facies depositional region based on the well-drilled well log data and seismic data includes:
determining river facies sedimentary rocks based on core analysis and sedimentary cycle knowledge according to natural potential change characteristics of the first well-drilled well log curve;
according to the river facies sedimentary rocks, combining the depth change characteristic of the drilled second logging curve and the trend change characteristic of the reflection wave homophase axis in the horizontal direction on the seismic profile, and determining river classification and trend;
and determining the river facies sedimentation area according to the river classification and trend.
In one possible design, the first log curve includes a natural potential curve and a natural gamma curve.
In one possible design, the second log includes a natural potential curve, a resistivity curve, a sonic moveout curve, a compensated neutron curve, a density curve.
In one possible design, determining the spatial distribution pattern of the river sediment sand according to the river sediment area comprises:
determining the position of the river-facies sediment sand body in the river-facies sediment area and the sand body boundary according to the amplitude change of the reflection wave homophase axis on the seismic section based on the river-facies sediment area; and calculating the length, width and thickness of the river-facies sediment sand body and the position and spacing of the sand body based on the depth change characteristics of the drilled third log and the relation characteristics of the event axis and the depth of the reflected wave of the seismic section.
In one possible design, the third log includes a natural potential curve.
In one possible design, the determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution shape of the river-phase sediment sand bodies comprises:
and determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies and on the basis of the drilled fourth logging curve and by combining the variation characteristics of the amplitude and the phase of the reflection wave in-phase axis on the seismic section.
In one possible design, the fourth log includes a resistivity curve.
In one possible design, the determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution shape of the river-phase sediment sand bodies comprises:
and determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies by utilizing a three-dimensional numerical simulation technology according to the spatial distribution form of the river-phase sediment sand bodies.
In a second aspect, there is provided the use of a method of identifying and producing a fluvial phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body of any one of the first mentioned aspects.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the identification and exploitation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dispersed oil sand bodies deposited in the river phase are identified through the acquired logging data and seismic data, and then the oil sand bodies with large volume, high reserve and short distance are serially connected along the river channel in a horizontal well exploitation mode for exploitation. The identification and exploitation method adopts the series connection of the dispersed oil sand bodies for exploitation, so that the exploitation cost can be reduced, the oil well control reserve can be increased, and the oil field development benefit can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for identifying and exploiting a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a well log analysis of a well A in a sparse well pattern block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic seismic section of a thin well pattern block according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a contour plot of a certain sparse well pattern block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of exploitation of a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used in the examples of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for identifying and exploiting a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the following steps:
102, determining the spatial distribution form of the river facies sediment sand body according to the river facies sediment area;
103, determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the space distribution form of the river-phase sediment sand bodies;
and step 104, according to the distribution of the river facies sediment oil sand bodies, adopting a horizontal well mining mode to serially connect the river facies sediment oil sand bodies for mining.
According to the identification and exploitation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dispersed oil sand bodies deposited in the river phase are identified through the acquired logging data and seismic data, and then the oil sand bodies with large volume, high reserve and short distance are serially connected along the river channel in a horizontal well exploitation mode for exploitation. The identification and exploitation method adopts the series connection of the dispersed oil sand bodies for exploitation, so that the exploitation cost can be reduced, the oil well control reserve can be increased, and the oil field development benefit can be improved.
The specific application and practical effect of the method for identifying and exploiting the river-facies sedimentary dispersed oil sand bodies are further explained by combining the well logging curve, the drilled core and the seismic profile analysis of the drilled well A of a certain development thin well pattern block.
Specifically, for step 101, the continuity of the log data in the longitudinal direction and the contrast in the transverse direction provide abundant petrophysical information for analyzing and describing the sedimentary characteristics of the stratum, and different logging methods (logging curves) reflect the characteristics of the stratum with respective emphasis. The transverse continuity of the seismic data can be from point to line, from surface to body, so as to study the change of the sand body and provide rich information for the transverse prediction of the sand body.
step 1011, determining river facies sedimentary rocks based on core analysis and sedimentary cycle knowledge according to natural potential change characteristics of the first well logging curve of the drilled well;
step 1012, according to the river facies sedimentary rock, determining river classification and trend by combining the depth change characteristic of the second well logging curve which is drilled and the trend change characteristic of the reflection wave homophase axis on the seismic section in the horizontal direction;
and 1013, determining a river facies deposition area according to the river classification and trend.
Wherein the first well log curve may include a natural potential curve and a natural gamma curve; the second log may include a natural potential curve, a resistivity curve, an acoustic moveout curve, a compensated neutron curve, a density curve.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, it is known that the natural potential curve 1 and the natural gamma curve 2 of the logging curve of the drilled a-well in a certain research area are known, and the natural potential curve 1 of the a-well at a certain geological depth 3 is characterized in that the natural potential curve 1 has obvious negative potential variation (or positive potential variation), and the natural gamma curve 2 has no obvious variation, which indicates that the layer system is a sandstone layer.
Further, whether the A well is a permeable layer or not can be judged according to the characteristics of the amplitude difference between the micro potential curve 5 and the micro gradient curve 6 of the A well. As shown in FIG. 2, since there is a difference in amplitude between the micro potential curve 5 and the micro gradient curve 6, it was confirmed that the permeation layer (non-permeation layer) is a permeation layer (non-permeation layer). Then, according to the underground propagation velocity of the sound wave in the research area, determining the corresponding relation between the seismic longitudinal wave homophase axis and the logging curve in depth, and finding out the transverse extension direction and the transverse extension form of the sandstone bed series; and then, according to the analysis of the core sample or the core samples of other wells in the same layer system established according to seismic waves, the sediment is represented as a binary structure with a forward rotation 4 with a thick lower part and a thin upper part, namely the sediment of a river bed consisting of coarse sand and gravel at the lower part and the sediment of a flood plain consisting of fine sand, silt or clay at the upper part, and the sediment at the geological depth of 3 can be determined as the sediment of a river facies.
Finally, according to the sand depth determined by the second logging curve of the well A and the trend change of the seismic section in the same-phase axial horizontal direction, river classification and trend can be determined, and then a river-phase sedimentary region is determined.
For step 102, determining the spatial distribution pattern of the river sediment sand according to the river sediment zone may include:
determining the position of the river-facies sediment sand body in the river-facies sediment area and the sand body boundary according to the amplitude change of the reflection wave homophase axis on the seismic section based on the river-facies sediment area; and calculating the length, width and thickness of the river-facies sediment sand body and the position and spacing of the sand body based on the depth change characteristics of the drilled third log and the relation characteristics of the event axis and the depth of the reflected wave of the seismic section. Wherein the third log comprises a natural potential curve.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3, after confirming the deposition of the river facies, since the deposited sand bodies of the river facies have the characteristic of fast transverse change and poor continuity on the plane, the position and the thickness of the deposited sand bodies of the river facies and the sizes of the sand bodies 8, 9, 10 and 11 on the plane of the river channel can be determined according to the characteristics of gradual disappearance and amplitude reduction of the same facies axes according to the seismic section 7. Then, according to the third log curve of the well A, the depth 3 of the sand body can be calculated (as shown in figure 2), the width and the thickness of the sand body and the section form of the sand body can be calculated by combining the seismic section, and the length and the plane form of the sand body and the intervals of different sand bodies can be calculated by combining the contour diagram 4.
Alternatively, for the established three-dimensional numerical simulation block, the physical form, spatial position distribution and volume of the sand body can be calculated by using a three-dimensional numerical simulation technology.
For step 103, determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution shape of the river-phase sediment sand bodies may include:
and determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies and on the basis of a fourth well logging curve which is drilled, and combining the variation characteristics of the amplitude and the phase of the reflection wave in-phase axis on the seismic section. Wherein the fourth well log comprises a resistivity curve.
Illustratively, after confirming the distribution of the river-phase sedimentary sand bodies, according to the resistivity of the oil sand body 8 of the same river-phase sedimentary sand body drilled and encountered by the well A, the resistivity of the well A RA25 resistivity curve 12 and the well A RA45 resistivity curve 13 is obviously increased at the depth 3 of the sand body and is confirmed to be an oil layer, and the oil-containing properties of the sand bodies 9, 10 and 11 can be analyzed and judged by combining the wave impedance difference of the seismic wave event of the oil sand body 8 on the seismic section 7.
Optionally, for a block with a three-dimensional numerical simulation result, parameters such as porosity, permeability, oil saturation and the like of the sand body can be calculated by using a three-dimensional numerical simulation technology and adopting an interpolation and epitaxy method, the oil content of the sand body is identified, and meanwhile, a sand body porosity model, an oil saturation model, a net-gross ratio model and the like are obtained, so that the distribution of the river phase deposition oil sand body is determined.
For step 104, according to the distribution of the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies, a horizontal well mining mode is adopted to serially connect the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies for mining.
In order to increase the single-well oil and gas control reserve and improve the development benefit, three oil sand bodies with large volume, high reserve and close distance are selected in the river facies deposition, a horizontal well exploitation mode is adopted, the three oil sand bodies are horizontally connected in series along a river channel for exploitation, and the track of a well hole is shown in figure 5:
the horizontal well B goes downwards from the well hole 14 of the horizontal well B, continues to go downwards along the straight well section 15, passes through the deflecting section 16, then enters the target point 17 from the horizontal section, horizontally passes through the oil sand body 18, horizontally passes through the mudstone 19, enters the target point 20 from the horizontal section, horizontally passes through the oil sand body 21, then horizontally passes through the mudstone 22, enters the target point 23 from the horizontal section, and horizontally enters the oil sand body 24 until the end point 25 is reached.
The oil sand bodies can also be transversely connected in series along the river channel for exploiting the braided river.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention also provides an application of the identification and exploitation method of the river phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body.
The identification and exploitation method is applied to the dispersed oil sand body deposited in the river phase, the dispersed oil sand body deposited in the river phase is identified firstly, and then a plurality of oil sand bodies with large volume, high storage capacity and short distance are serially connected in a horizontal well series connection mode for exploitation, so that the exploitation cost can be reduced, the oil well control storage capacity can be increased, and the oil field development benefit can be improved.
The above description is only for facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for identifying and exploiting a river-phase sedimentary dispersed oil sand body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a river facies sedimentary region based on the well-drilled well logging data and seismic data; wherein the determining a river-facies depositional area based on the well-drilled well log data and seismic data comprises: determining that a sandstone layer is located at a first geological depth according to the natural potential change characteristics of a first logging curve, wherein the first logging curve comprises a natural potential curve and a natural gamma curve, and determining that the sandstone layer is located at the first geological depth according to the natural potential change characteristics of the first logging curve comprises determining that the sandstone layer is located at the first geological depth if the natural potential curve of the drilled well has obvious negative potential change or positive potential change at the first geological depth and the natural gamma curve has no obvious change at the first geological depth; if the amplitude difference exists between the drilled micro-potential curve and the micro-gradient curve at the first geological depth, determining that the sandstone layer is a permeable layer; determining the corresponding relation between the seismic longitudinal wave in-phase axis and the natural potential curve and the natural gamma curve in the first logging curve on the depth according to the propagation speed of the sound wave in the ground, and determining the transverse extension direction and the shape of the sandstone layer; determining river facies sedimentary rock at the first geological depth based on analysis and depositional gyrus knowledge of the drilled core sample or core samples of other wells in the same layer as the sandstone layer as established from seismic waves; determining river classification and trend according to the river facies sedimentary rock by combining the depth change characteristic of the second well-drilled well logging curve and the trend change characteristic of the reflection wave homophase axis on the seismic section in the horizontal direction; determining the river facies sedimentation area according to the river classification and trend;
determining the space distribution form of the river facies sediment sand body according to the river facies sediment area;
determining the distribution of the river phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river phase sediment sand bodies; wherein, according to the space distribution form of river facies sediment sand body, confirm the distribution of river facies sediment oil sand body, include: determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand bodies according to the spatial distribution form of the river-phase sediment sand bodies and on the basis of the drilled fourth logging curve and by combining the variation characteristics of the amplitude and the phase of the reflection wave in-phase axis on the seismic section; the fourth well log comprises a resistivity curve;
and according to the distribution of the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies, based on the volume, the reserve and the distance of the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies, adopting a horizontal well mining mode to horizontally and serially connect the river-phase sedimentary oil sand bodies for mining.
2. An identification and production method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second log comprises a natural potential curve, a resistivity curve, a sonic moveout curve, a compensated neutron curve, a density curve.
3. The method of identification and mining of claim 1, wherein determining a spatial distribution profile of the fluvial phase sediment zone from the fluvial phase sediment zone comprises:
determining the position of the river-facies sediment sand body in the river-facies sediment area and the sand body boundary according to the amplitude change of the reflection wave homophase axis on the seismic section based on the river-facies sediment area; and calculating the length, width and thickness of the river-facies sediment sand body and the position and spacing of the sand body based on the depth change characteristics of the drilled third log and the relation characteristics of the reflection wave event axis and depth on the seismic section.
4. The identification and recovery method of claim 3 wherein the third log comprises a natural potential curve.
5. The method of identifying and exploiting according to claim 1, wherein said determining a distribution of river-sedimented oil sands based on a spatial distribution morphology of said river-sedimented sands comprises:
and determining the distribution of the river-phase sediment oil sand body by utilizing a three-dimensional numerical simulation technology according to the spatial distribution form of the river-phase sediment sand body.
6. Use of a method for the identification and production of a body of river-sedimented dispersed oil sands according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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