CN111189785A - Ore finding method for Carlin type gold deposit - Google Patents
Ore finding method for Carlin type gold deposit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111189785A CN111189785A CN202010025296.8A CN202010025296A CN111189785A CN 111189785 A CN111189785 A CN 111189785A CN 202010025296 A CN202010025296 A CN 202010025296A CN 111189785 A CN111189785 A CN 111189785A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for finding ores of Carlin type gold deposits, which comprises the steps of field screening, indoor screening, identifying rare earth geochemical indexes and carbon-oxygen isotope geochemical indexes, establishing an ore-finding geochemical index system, drawing an abnormal graph to guide ore finding and the like. The method can be used for quickly guiding the ore-finding prediction of the Carn type gold deposit, improving the ore-finding efficiency, and also can be used for judging the transport way of ore-forming fluid of the Carn type gold deposit, indicating the ore-finding direction, has high popularization and application values, solves the problems of long period, high investment and high risk of the existing exploration technology, realizes the economy and high efficiency of potential evaluation of the Carn type gold deposit and decision of the right of mines, is also one of important ways for realizing green exploration, and solves the problem of ecological environment possibly caused in the implementation process of the traditional exploration technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral resource exploration, and particularly relates to an ore prospecting method for a Carlin type gold deposit.
Background
The Carlin type gold deposits are the most important type of gold deposits in the world, and the gold resource reserves account for about 10% of the total metal reserves. Because the gold in the gold deposit exists in an invisible gold form, the traditional ore prospecting technology has poor ore prospecting effect aiming at the gold deposit, seriously restricts the major breakthrough of ore prospecting of the karn type gold deposit, and also restricts the potential evaluation and the right decision of the karn type gold deposit. Calcite is a main gangue mineral of the Carlin type gold deposit, forms the whole mineralization process of the Carlin type gold deposit, records the mineralization information of fluid at corresponding stages, and is a potential prospecting mark mineral.
Many experts in mineral exploration theory and prediction research are aware that calcite can be used as an important mineral exploration marker, but due to the fact that the calcite formation period is multiple, it is critical to effectively judge whether the collected calcite sample belongs to the calcite in the mineral exploration period. There are typically 5 types of calcite in the carin-type gold deposit, namely calcite in the strike formation before mineralization, calcite veins formed during the pre-mineralization, calcite symbiotic with gold-bearing minerals or other sulfides during mineralization, calcite veins formed during the post-mineralization and calcite formed after mineralization. Different types of calcite can have differences in shape, color, cathodoluminescence, rare earth element distribution, carbon-oxygen isotope composition and the like, past work is mainly focused on the calcite symbiotic with ore minerals, systematic research and comparison on the different types of calcite are omitted, and the method for finding the ores by using the calcite as a key ore-finding marker mineral reconnaissance Carlin type gold deposits is omitted.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art, provides a method for searching a Carin type gold deposit, which uses calcite as a key ore searching mark mineral to search the Carin type gold deposit, and adopts the following basic concept of the technical scheme in order to solve the technical problem:
an ore searching method for a Carlin type gold deposit comprises the following steps:
step 1, screening in the field, performing macroscopic color feature classification on calcite veins developed on the ground surface of a mining area, performing systematic collection on light white turbid calcite according to distribution conditions, marking sampling point coordinates and taking a picture;
step 2, indoor screening, namely performing cathodoluminescence observation on the collected light white turbid calcite, finding out calcite with brownish red girdle by cathodoluminescence, performing detailed mineralogical observation, and using the calcite as a key mineral finding marker calcite;
step 4, identifying the geochemical indexes of the carbon-oxygen isotopes, and carrying out carbon-oxygen isotope composition analysis on the key mineral calcite for finding the ores to obtain delta13C and delta18Determining the O value and the carbon-oxygen isotope index parameter;
and 5, establishing a geochemical index system for finding the mine, drawing an abnormal graph and guiding the finding of the mine.
Further, the determination of the pale white turbid calcite in the step 1 is carried out according to the reference comparison of a color comparison card, and the colors RGB are 235-255, 235-255 and 235-255.
Furthermore, the color RGB of the calcite of the red-brown ring belt in the step 2 is 155-175, 36-48 and 34-46.
Further, the rare earth distribution of the key mineral for finding ores in the step 3 is characterized by enrichment of medium rare earth elements (Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb), and Eu is weak normal-normal abnormal (delta Eu > 1).
Further, the carbon-oxygen isotope in step 4 has a composition significantly different from that of the marine carbonate rock, usually delta13C value less than-2 ‰, delta18The O value is more than 10 per mill.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The method can be used for rapidly guiding the ore-finding prediction of the Carn type gold deposit, improving the ore-finding efficiency, and also can be used for judging the transport way of the ore-forming fluid of the Carn type gold deposit, indicating the ore-finding direction, has high popularization and application values, solves the problems of long period, high investment and high risk of the existing exploration technology, realizes the economy and high efficiency of the potential evaluation of the Carn type gold deposit and the decision of the right of mines, is also one of important ways for realizing green exploration, solves the problem of the ecological environment possibly caused in the implementation process of the traditional exploration technology, and is a novel ore-finding prediction method for economically and efficiently carrying out the potential evaluation of the Carn type gold deposit and the decision of the right of mines.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to its proper form. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a bed showing vein of a mineral deposit at different power;
figure 3 is a photograph of whitish turbid calcite associated with mineralization of an ore deposit according to an example of the present invention.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the prospecting method for the karn gold deposit comprises the following steps:
step 1, screening in the field, performing macroscopic color feature classification on calcite veins developed on the ground surface of a mining area, performing systematic collection on light white turbid calcite according to distribution conditions, marking sampling point coordinates and taking a picture. The color characteristic of the key mineral finding mark calcite of the Carlin type gold deposit is used for identifying the color characteristic of the key mineral finding mark calcite of the Carlin type gold deposit in the field, the color of the key mineral finding mark calcite of the Carlin type gold deposit is light white turbid, and the color RGB is 235-255, 235-255 and 235-255.
And 2, indoor screening, namely performing cathodoluminescence observation on the collected light white turbid calcite, finding out calcite with brownish red girdle by cathodoluminescence, performing detailed mineralogical observation, and using the calcite as a key mineral finding marker calcite. The cathodoluminescence characteristic is used for identifying calcite of key mineral finding mark minerals of the Carlin type gold deposit indoors, the cathodoluminescence of the calcite of the key mineral finding mark minerals of the Carlin type gold deposit is in a brownish red girdle characteristic, and the color RGB is 155-175, 36-48 and 34-46.
And 3, recognizing the geochemical indexes of the rare earth, performing the geochemical analysis of the rare earth elements on the key mineral for finding the ores calcite by a solution method or an LA-ICPMS in-situ method to obtain the composition data of the rare earth elements, performing the standardized partitioning diagram of the rare earth element spherulite meteorite, and determining the index parameters of the medium rare earth elements.
Step 4, identifying the geochemical indexes of the carbon-oxygen isotopes, and carrying out carbon-oxygen isotope composition analysis on the key mineral calcite for finding the ores to obtain delta13C and delta18And determining the carbon-oxygen isotope index parameter.
In steps 3-4, the rare earth element partition pattern and the carbon-oxygen isotope composition characteristics of the key mineral prospecting marker calcite of the kalin gold deposit are experimentally identified, the rare earth partition of the key mineral prospecting marker calcite of the kalin gold deposit presents the enrichment characteristics of medium rare earth elements (Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb), and Eu presents weak positive-positive anomaly (delta Eu) at the same time>1) Instead of light rare earth or heavy rare earth enrichment, Eu negative anomaly; the carbon-oxygen isotope composition is significantly different from that of marine carbonate rock, usually delta13C value less than-2 ‰, delta18O value greater than 10 ‰, not delta13C value is greater than-2 per mill and delta18O value less than 10 per mill.
And 5, establishing a geochemical index system for finding the mine, drawing an abnormal graph and guiding the finding of the mine.
Example one
Performing macroscopic color feature classification on calcite vein of surface development of a certain Carlin type gold mining area in fine clastic rock in the southwest of Qianxian, performing systematic collection on light white turbid calcite (RGB is 245, 245, 245) according to distribution conditions according to a colorimetric card, marking coordinates of sampling points and taking a picture, and referring to an attached drawing 2-3;
cathodoluminescence observation is carried out on the obtained light white turbid calcite, calcite (RGB is 165, 42 and 42) with brownish red girdle is found out in cathodoluminescence, and detailed mineralogical observation is carried out;
rare earth geochemical index: performing rare earth element geochemistry analysis on calcite screened in the field and the room by using a solution method or a LA-ICPMS (in situ method) to obtain rare earth element composition data, performing a rare earth element spherule meteorite standardized partition diagram, and determining a medium rare earth element index parameter (delta Eu is 1-4);
carbon-oxygen isotope geochemical index: carrying out carbon-oxygen isotope composition analysis on calcite subjected to field and indoor screening to obtain delta13C and delta18O value, determining the carbon-oxygen isotope index parameter (delta)13C＝-2～-10‰；δ18O＝10～22‰)。
Finally, a mineralogy-mineral chemistry prospecting index system of mineral calcite which is a key prospecting mark of the Carlin type gold deposit in the fine clastic rock is established, an abnormal graph is drawn, and then engineering verification is carried out to obtain an important breakthrough in prospecting of the Carlin type gold deposit.
Example two
Performing macroscopic color feature classification on calcite vein of surface development of a certain Carlin type gold mining area in diabase in the south Yunnan, performing systematic collection on light white turbid calcite (RGB is 245, 245 and 245) according to distribution conditions according to a color comparison card, marking coordinates of sampling points and taking a picture;
cathodoluminescence observation is carried out on the obtained light white turbid calcite, calcite (RGB is 165, 42 and 42) with brownish red girdle is found out in cathodoluminescence, and detailed mineralogical observation is carried out;
rare earth geochemical index: performing rare earth element geochemistry analysis on calcite screened in the field and the room by using a solution method or a LA-ICPMS in-situ method to obtain rare earth element composition data, performing standard distribution diagram of rare earth element spherule meteorite, and determining a medium rare earth element index parameter (delta Eu is 1.1-3.8);
carbon-oxygen isotope geochemical index: carrying out carbon-oxygen isotope composition analysis on calcite subjected to field and indoor screening to obtain delta13C and delta18O value, determining the carbon-oxygen isotope index parameter (delta)13C＝-3～-12‰；δ18O＝10～20‰)。
Finally, a mineralogy-mineral chemistry prospecting index system of key prospecting mark mineral calcite of the Carlin type gold deposit in diabase is established, an abnormal graph is drawn, and then engineering verification is carried out to obtain an important breakthrough of ore prospecting of the Carlin type gold deposit.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The prospecting method of the Carlin type gold deposit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, screening in the field, performing macroscopic color feature classification on calcite veins developed on the ground surface of a mining area, performing systematic collection on light white turbid calcite according to distribution conditions, marking sampling point coordinates and taking a picture;
step 2, indoor screening, namely performing cathodoluminescence observation on the collected light white turbid calcite, finding out calcite with brownish red girdle by cathodoluminescence, performing detailed mineralogical observation, and using the calcite as a key mineral finding marker calcite;
step 3, identifying the rare earth geochemical index, performing the rare earth element geochemical analysis on the key mineral for finding the mine calcite by a solution method or a LA-ICPMS in-situ method to obtain the rare earth element composition data, performing the rare earth element spherule meteorite standardized partitioning diagram, and determining the index parameter of the medium rare earth element;
step 4, identifying the geochemical indexes of the carbon-oxygen isotopes, and carrying out carbon-oxygen isotope composition analysis on the key mineral calcite for finding the ores to obtain delta13C and delta18Determining the O value and the carbon-oxygen isotope index parameter;
and 5, establishing a geochemical index system for finding the mine, drawing an abnormal graph and guiding the finding of the mine.
2. The prospecting method of the cartoon type gold deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the determination of the light white turbid calcite in the step 1 is carried out according to the reference comparison of a color comparison card, wherein the colors RGB are 235-255, 235-255 and 235-255.
3. The prospecting method of the cartoon type gold deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the color RGB of the calcite of the red brown ring belt in the step 2 is 155-175, 36-48 and 34-46.
4. The prospecting method of the cartoon type gold deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rare earth distribution of the key mineral prospecting mark calcite in the step 3 is characterized by enrichment of medium rare earth elements (Sm, Eu, Gd and Tb), and Eu is weak normal-normal abnormal (delta Eu > 1).
5. The prospecting method of the cartoon type gold deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbon-oxygen isotope in step 4 has a composition significantly different from that of the marine carbonate rock, usually delta13C value less than-2 ‰, delta18The O value is more than 10 per mill.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114705831A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-05 | 中南大学 | Scheelite mineralogy prospecting method for accurately judging type and denudation depth of tungsten polymetallic ore bed |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20200522 |