CN111188250A - Dynamic measuring method and device for road deflection value - Google Patents
Dynamic measuring method and device for road deflection value Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188250A CN111188250A CN202010191193.9A CN202010191193A CN111188250A CN 111188250 A CN111188250 A CN 111188250A CN 202010191193 A CN202010191193 A CN 202010191193A CN 111188250 A CN111188250 A CN 111188250A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/01—Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic measuring method and a device for a road deflection value. The invention provides a dynamic measuring method for road deflection values and a deflection value measuring device used in the dynamic measuring method for the road deflection values, wherein the dynamic measuring method is used for detecting the road deflection values in the running process of a loading vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dynamic measuring method and a device for a road deflection value in the field of road deflection value measurement.
Background
The deflection value is the deformation of the roadbed/road surface before and after the load acts on the roadbed/road surface, and 1/100 mm is used as a calculation unit.
The rebound deflection is the vertical rebound deformation value generated at the wheel clearance position of the roadbed and the road surface under the action of the specified standard axle load B22-100. The Beckman beam is a common rebound deflection value measuring device, is made of aluminum alloy and comprises a beam body and a support for supporting the beam body, the beam body on the front side of the support is called a front arm, the beam body on the rear side of the support is called a rear arm, the length ratio of the front arm to the rear arm is 2:1, a measuring head is arranged at the end part of the front arm, the length of the front arm is generally 2.4 meters or 3.6 meters, the Beckman beam with the length of 3.6 meters is suitable for testing the rebound deflection of various road surface structures, and the Beckman beam with the length of 2.4 meters is suitable for testing the rebound deflection of flexible asphalt road surfaces.
When a road is tested, a loading vehicle is stopped at a testing position of a testing road section, the loading vehicle is a single-rear-shaft single-side double-wheel-group loading vehicle, a support is placed on the ground, a measuring head of a Beckman beam is inserted into a rear wheel gap of the loading vehicle, a beam arm does not contact with a tire, the measuring head of the Beckman beam is placed on a measuring point 30-50 mm in front of the wheel gap center, the rear wheel of the vehicle presses the road surface to enable the road surface to generate a deflection basin, the length of a front arm enables the support to be located outside the deflection basin, namely, the road surface corresponding to the support does not generate deflection deformation, a dial indicator is mounted on the top surface of a measuring rod at the tail end of the rear arm to command the loading vehicle to advance, the value of the dial indicator continuously increases along with the deformation of the road surface, when the indicator is maximum, the reading L1 is rapidly carried out, the loading vehicle continuously advances, the indicator starts to reversely change, and when the loading vehicle, when the dial indicator reading L2 is read, the rebound deflection value Lt = (L1-L2) × 2. The existing method for detecting the rebound deflection value of the Beckmann beam mainly has the following problems: at the beginning of each road section test, the loading vehicle is required to be stopped on the test road section, after the L1 value is measured, the loading vehicle moves forward for a certain distance and then is stopped on the test road section, that is, the whole measurement process is a static measurement process, which causes that the existing deflection value measurement method can only be used in the road condition without other vehicles in driving, for example, when the deflection value of the road is measured, the road needs to be closed in advance, which greatly affects the traffic and cannot be applied to the opened road condition with other vehicles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic measuring method for road deflection values, which can be applied to open roads and can detect the road deflection values in the running process of a loading vehicle; the invention also aims to provide a deflection value measuring device used in the road deflection value dynamic measuring method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the dynamic measurement method for the road deflection value is as follows:
a dynamic measuring method for the deflection value of road features that a loading vehicle with a deflection value measurer is driven from back to front, the back wheel of said loading vehicle is a single-side dual-wheel structure, said deflection value measurer has multiple measuring points arranged at intervals in front and back directions for measuring the deflection value of correspondent position on road surface, and each measuring point is composed of a tail end measuring point at back position, a head end measuring point at front position, and at least one middle measuring point between said two measuring points,
firstly, a deflection value measuring device is lowered to the road surface, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of a head end measuring point, each measuring point respectively measures the deflection amount at the corresponding position of the road surface, the deflection amounts measured from the rear to the front measuring points are respectively marked as A1 and A2 … … An, the horizontal displacement between the two adjacent measuring points in the front-back direction is L,
and secondly, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forwards for a distance L relative to the head end measuring point, recording the deflection amount of the corresponding position of the road surface measured by each measuring point respectively, wherein the deflection amount measured by each measuring point from back to front is B1 and B2 … … Bn respectively, and then the deflection value of the road surface is = (A1-B1) + (A2-B2) + … … (An-Bn).
In the first step, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the head end measuring point, the tail end measuring point is positioned in the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface.
In the second step, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forwards for a distance L relative to the head end measuring point, the tail end measuring point is positioned outside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface.
The technical scheme of the deflection value measuring device in the invention is as follows:
the deflection value measuring device comprises a device frame, wherein a plurality of measuring points which are arranged at equal intervals along the front-back direction and used for measuring deflection values of corresponding positions of a road surface are arranged on the device frame, and each measuring point is a tail end measuring point which is arranged at the back side, a head end measuring point which is arranged at the front side and at least one middle measuring point which is arranged between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point.
The distance between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point is smaller than the deflection influence radius of the corresponding wheel to the road surface.
The horizontal direction distance between two adjacent displacement measuring points is L, and the sum of the distance between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point and the L is larger than the deflection influence radius of the corresponding wheel to the road surface.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the invention, in the process of measuring the deflection value of a road, a loading vehicle is always in the running process, firstly, a deflection value measuring device is lowered to the road surface, the deflection value measuring device needs to carry out measurement twice, and when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of a head end measuring point, the deflection amounts measured from the rear to the front measuring points are respectively marked as A1、A2… … An, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forward for L distance relative to the head end measuring point, the second deflection value measurement is carried out, and the deflection amounts measured from the rear to the front measuring points are respectively B1、B2… … Bn, the deflection value of the road surface = (A)1- B1）+（A2- B2) + … … (An-Bn). After the second measurement is finished, the deflection value measuring device can be lifted, and the normal running of the loading vehicle is not influenced, so that the dynamic measurement of the deflection value can be finished in the running process of the loading vehicle, a road does not need to be sealed, and great convenience is brought.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a loading vehicle and a deflection value measuring device when the deflection value measuring device in embodiment 1 of the dynamic road deflection value measuring method of the present invention is not in a ground state;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 1 at the time of the first measurement after falling to the ground;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 1 at the time of the second measurement after falling to the ground;
FIG. 4 is a deflection value measurement schematic diagram of embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the deflection value measuring apparatus of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the loading vehicle and the deflection value measuring device when the deflection value measuring device in embodiment 2 of the dynamic road deflection value measuring method of the present invention is not in a ground state;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 2 at the time of the first measurement after the landing;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 2 at the time of the second measurement after the landing;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a deflection value measuring apparatus in example 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the engagement of the hinge shaft and the bracket on the girder in embodiment 2;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the loading vehicle and the deflection value measuring device when the deflection value measuring device is not on the ground in embodiment 3 of the dynamic road deflection value measuring method of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 3 at the time of the first measurement after the landing;
fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a state of the deflection value measuring apparatus in example 3 at the time of the second measurement after the landing;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a deflection value measuring apparatus in example 3;
fig. 15 is a schematic view showing the fitting of the deflection value measuring apparatus and the rear wheel in the top view in embodiment 3.
Detailed Description
An embodiment 1 of a road deflection value dynamic measurement method is shown in fig. 1 to 5: in the process of driving the loading vehicle 1 with the deflection value measuring device 9 from back to front, the rear wheel of the loading vehicle 1 is of a single-side double-wheel structure 16, the loading vehicle is the prior art, and the specific structure of the loading vehicle is not described in detail. The device frame for measuring the deflection value comprises a beam body 10 extending along the front-back direction and a support 11 arranged at the position, close to the back, of the beam body, the beam body 10 is hinged to the support 11, the front end of the beam body 10 is inserted into a wheel gap of a single-side double-wheel structure (one wheel of the double-wheel structure is hidden in the figure), a beam body lifting mechanism used for lifting the height of the beam body is arranged on a loading vehicle 1, the beam body lifting mechanism comprises a winding drum 4, the winding drum is driven by a winding drum motor, a front-side pull rope 3 and a rear-side pull rope 5 which can be lifted synchronously are wound on the winding drum, and a front-side reversing pulley 2 for the front-side pull rope 3 to wind and reverse and a rear-side reversing pulley 6 for the rear-side pull rope 5 to wind and reverse are arranged on the. The front side reversing pulley 2, the rear side reversing pulley 6 and the winding drum are all arranged on a cantilever 7, and the front end of the cantilever 7 is fixed on the body of the loading vehicle. The lower side of the cantilever is provided with a follow-up sliding block 31 along the front-back direction in a guiding and moving way, a guide rod 32 which is vertically arranged is fixed on the support 11, the upper end of the guide rod is matched with the corresponding follow-up sliding block 31 in the up-down direction in a guiding and moving way, and the guide rod is a square rod. Because of the existence of the guide rod, the height lifting mechanism can keep the stability of the beam body when lifting the support up and down, avoid the back and forth torsion of the beam body and ensure that the measuring rod cannot be twisted left and right and touch the corresponding rear wheel.
The front side of support on the roof beam body is provided with the displacement measurement part of a plurality of equidistant vertical arrangements, each displacement measurement part comprises the percentage table in this embodiment, each displacement measurement part constitutes the measuring point that is used for road surface to correspond position department completion volume measurement respectively, horizontal interval L between two adjacent measuring points, each displacement measurement part is tail end displacement measurement part 17 behind the position respectively, head end displacement measurement part 14 that the position leaned on the front and is located a plurality of middle displacement measurement part 12 between tail end displacement measurement part 17 and head end displacement measurement part 14. Still be provided with the angle measurement device who is used for detecting roof beam body inclination on the roof beam body, angle measurement device is including setting up in the gauge head 15 of the front end of roof beam body, angle measurement device is still including setting up in the roof beam body displacement measurement part that is used for detecting roof beam body afterbody altitude variation of roof beam body afterbody, the total roof beam body displacement measurement part of this embodiment is a afterbody percentage table 8, when gauge head and road surface contact, the roof beam body takes place the slope, the altitude variation that can detect out the roof beam body tail end through the registration value change of afterbody percentage table 8, just so can calculate the inclination of roof beam body. Supposing a beam bodyThe inclined angle with the horizontal direction is theta, and the percentage representation value of the tail end displacement measurement component is a1In the horizontal direction, the displacement of the tail end displacement measurement component from the hinge point of the support in the front-back direction is L, L = cos theta L, L represents the length of the beam body between the tail end displacement measurement component and the hinge point of the support, and the deflection A of the tail end displacement measurement component is1=L*tanθ+ a1. Of course, since the deflection value of the road surface is small and is basically within 1mm, the value of θ caused by the deflection of the road surface is also small, and in other embodiments of the present invention, when the detection accuracy is not required to be so high, the angle measuring device may not be provided.
When the wheel gap center position of the rear wheel corresponds to the head end measuring point 14, the tail end measuring point 17 is within the deflection influence range of the rear wheel, and the support and the tail dial indicator at the rear side of the support are both outside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel.
The loading vehicle 1 with the deflection value measuring device is in the process of driving from back to front, the rear wheel of the loading vehicle applies pressure to the road surface to enable the road surface to generate a deflection basin 25, when the deflection value of the measured road section needs to be measured, the first step is to put the deflection value measuring device down to the road surface, as shown in figure 2, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of the head end measuring point 14, the tail end measuring point 17 is in the deflection influence range generated by the rear wheel of the loading vehicle to the road surface, the measuring points are added to respectively measure the deflection quantity at the corresponding position of the road surface, and the deflection quantity measured from the rear to the front measuring points is respectively marked as A1、A2… … An, the specific calculation method of the value A can be seen from the above, n represents a positive integer greater than 3, in this embodiment, n is 19, the amount of horizontal displacement in the front-rear direction between two adjacent measurement points in the horizontal direction is L,
in the first step, how to realize the position correspondence between the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle and the head end measuring point can be realized through the following two ways, namely, when the deflection value measuring device 9 is not contacted with the ground, the head end measuring point 14 is just above the wheel gap center, and when the dial indicator of the head end measuring point is contacted with the ground along with the falling of the deflection value measuring device, the reading is directly carried out; and secondly, when the deflection value measuring device is not in contact with the ground, the head end measuring point is 3-5 cm in front of the center position of the wheel gap, along with the falling of the finished value measuring device, the dial indicator of the head end measuring point is in contact with the ground, the dial indicator of the head end measuring point can be firstly changed from small to large and then changed from large to small, the maximum indicating value of the dial indicator of the head end measuring point is recorded, and meanwhile, the dial indicator of other measuring points is recorded at the moment of the maximum indicating value of the head end measuring point. In the first step, after the deflection value measuring device is placed to the road surface, the front side stay cord and the rear measuring stay cord are in a loose state, so that the loading vehicle is prevented from moving forward together with the deflection value measuring device when moving forward.
And secondly, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forwards relative to the head end measuring point by L horizontal displacement, the tail end measuring point 17 is positioned in a deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface, the deflection quantities of the measuring points at the corresponding positions of the road surface are respectively recorded, and the deflection quantities measured from the rear measuring point to the front measuring points are respectively B1 and B2 … … Bn, so that the deflection value of the road surface is = (A1-B1) + (A2-B2) + … … (An-Bn).
The deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface means that for the flexible base asphalt road surface, the deflection influence range is within 2.4 meters, for various types of road surface structures, the deflection influence range does not exceed 3.6 meters, the distance between the hinge point connected with the beam body and the head end measuring point is 2.4 meters in the embodiment, that is, when the head end measuring point corresponds to the wheel gap center position of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle, the support is positioned outside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle, the tail end measuring point is positioned inside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle, and when the loading vehicle moves forwards by the distance L, the tail end measuring point is positioned on the rear side outside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle. In other embodiments of the invention, when the device is applied to other pavement deflection value detection, the distance between the hinge point of the support and the beam body and the head end measuring point can also be 3.6 meters.
The measurement principle of the dynamic measurement method is shown in fig. 4, wherein a solid line 26 represents a deflection basin rolled out by a rear wheel on a road surface at a first moment, a dashed line 27 represents a deflection basin rolled out by the rear wheel on the road surface at a second moment, the deflection values at the two moments are measured, when the wheel gap center of a rear wheel of a loading vehicle corresponds to a head-end measurement point, the head-end measurement point measures the deflection amount of the basin bottom of the deflection basin at the first moment, the deflection amounts A1 and A2 … … An at the corresponding positions of the deflection basins are respectively measured from the rear to the front and other measurement points, when the vehicle continuously moves forwards for L displacement, the second moment is reached, which is equivalent to that the whole deflection basin moves forwards for L displacement, after the time difference, the positions corresponding to the measurement points on the deflection basin can generate rebound, and the deflection amounts B1 and B2 … … Bn corresponding to the measurement points at the moment, Bn-An represents the amount of rebound generated from the bottom of the deflection basin from the first time to the second time, and the difference in deflection amounts between the other two times represents the deflection rebound amount generated from the first time to the second time at the other corresponding positions of the deflection basin, (a 1-B1) + (a 2-B2) + … … (An-Bn) constituting the deflection value of the road surface, and after the second time is measured, the deflection value measuring apparatus can be lifted up from the road surface by the beam body lifting mechanism as a whole without affecting the normal running of the vehicle, while the vehicle has a small overall displacement from the first time to the second time, so that the deflection value measuring apparatus is not affected by the forward running of the loading vehicle as long as the front side pulling rope and the rear side pulling rope are slightly kept in the released state, and after the deflection is measured at the second time, the deflection value measuring apparatus is lifted up by the front side pulling rope and the rear side pulling rope, the normal advance of the loading vehicle is not influenced.
In other embodiments of the invention: the number of the middle displacement measuring components can be set according to the requirement, for example, two, three, four or other numbers; the beam body displacement measuring component can also be a laser displacement sensor; the angle measuring device may also be an angle gauge.
An embodiment 2 of a road deflection value dynamic measurement method is shown in fig. 6 to 10: in the embodiment, the deflection value measuring device is composed of a deflection beam 9, the device frame of the deflection beam 9 comprises a support 11, four beam bodies 10 with lengths extending in the front-back direction are respectively hinged on the support 11 through four hinge structures, each hinge structure comprises a hinge hole and a hinge shaft 37, the hinge holes are arranged on the support, the hinge holes extend in the left-right direction along the axis, the hinge shafts are arranged on the beam bodies and are in running fit with the corresponding hinge holes, the beam bodies are sequentially arranged in the up-down direction, and the lengths of the beam bodies are gradually shortened from top to bottom. For each beam body, the beam body part at the front side of the support is a front arm 10-1, the beam body part at the rear side of the support is a rear arm 10-2, the length of the front arm is twice that of the rear arm, the front end of each front arm is provided with a measuring head, the tail end of each rear arm is provided with a displacement measuring part 36 for detecting the height change of the corresponding rear arm, and in the embodiment, the displacement measuring part is a dial indicator. The four beam bodies of the invention are integrated together similarly to four Beckmann beams in the prior art, the horizontal spacing between two adjacent measuring heads is equal, the length of the spacing is defined as L, each measuring head is respectively a head end measuring head 33 with a front position, a tail end measuring head 34 with a rear position and a middle measuring head 35 between the head end measuring head and the tail end measuring head, the spacing between the support 11 and the head end measuring head 33 is larger than the deflection influence radius of the rear wheel to the road to be measured 13, the sum of the spacing between the tail end measuring head 34 and the head end measuring head 33 and the L is larger than the deflection influence radius of the rear wheel to the road to be measured, and the spacing between the tail end measuring head 34 and the head end measuring head 33 is smaller than the deflection influence radius of the rear wheel. The horizontal distance between the tail measuring head and the support is also L. In the figure, item 25 indicates a deflection basin which is pressed out by the influence of the road by the rear wheels, and the radius in the front-rear direction of the deflection basin is the deflection influence radius.
The loading vehicle is provided with a height lifting mechanism for lifting the height of the deflection beam, the height lifting mechanism comprises a winding drum 4, the winding drum is driven by a winding drum motor, a pulling rope 30 is wound on the winding drum, a pulling rope reversing pulley 6 for reversing the pulling rope by winding is arranged on the loading vehicle 1, and the lower end of the pulling rope 30 is connected with the support 11. The pull rope reversing pulley 6 and the winding drum are both arranged on a cantilever 7, and the front end of the cantilever 7 is fixed on the body of the loading vehicle.
The height-raising mechanism may raise the support to disengage and land the support on the ground, in this embodiment to avoid disengaging the support from the ground, the front end of each beam body is turned downwards to influence the normal running of the loading vehicle, a hinge shaft stop block 38 is fixed on a hinge shaft 37 of each beam body, an upper support stop block 39 and a lower support stop block 40 are fixed on the supports at the upper side and the lower side of the hinge shaft stop block, the upper support stop block 39 and the lower support stop block 40 are used for being in stop fit with the hinge shaft stop block 38, to limit the range of rotation of the beams, in this embodiment, the range of rotation of each beam is within 3 degrees, within the range of the rotation angle, the measurement of the deflection value of the beam body to the corresponding road can be realized enough, because the deflection value of the road is basically within 1mm, the rotation angle required by the beam body is very small, after the support is lifted, the front arm of the beam body is not turned down excessively, so that the measuring head is contacted with the ground.
The downside of cantilever is equipped with a follow-up slider 31 along fore-and-aft direction removal, is fixed with vertical arrangement's guide bar 32 on the support, and the upper end of guide bar and follow-up slider 31 are the cooperation of up-and-down direction removal, and the guide bar is a square pole. Because of the existence of the guide rod, the height lifting mechanism can keep the stability of the support on the upper lifting support and the lower lifting support, the support is prevented from twisting back and forth, and the beams can not twist left and right and touch the rear wheel.
The measuring process comprises the following steps: in the invention, through the deflection value measurement of the two moments, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel 16 of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of a head-end measuring head, namely the first moment, the head-end measuring head measures the deflection amount of the basin bottom of the deflection basin, and when the vehicle continues to move forwards for L displacement, the head-end measuring head measures the deflection amounts A1 and A2 … … An of the corresponding positions of the deflection basin from back to front, wherein n =4 in the embodiment, when the vehicle reaches the second moment, the second moment is equivalent to the forward overall translation L displacement of the whole deflection basin, after the time difference, the positions on the deflection basin corresponding to the measuring points can generate rebound, and at the moment, the deflection amounts B1, B2, B3 and B4 corresponding to the measuring points, B4-A4 represents the rebound amount generated by the basin bottom of the deflection basin from the first moment to the second moment, the deflection difference value of other two moments represents that the deflection rebound amount generated at other corresponding positions of the deflection basin from the first moment to the second moment, (A1-B1) + (A2-B2) + … … (An-Bn) forms the deflection value of the road surface, after the measurement of the second moment, the deflection beam can be lifted integrally away from the road surface through the lifting mechanism, the normal walking of the vehicle cannot be influenced, and the integral displacement of the vehicle is smaller from the first moment to the second moment, so that the deflection value measuring device cannot be influenced as long as the pull rope slightly keeps a loose state and the follow-up sliding block follows backwards along the cantilever, the forward moving walking of the loading vehicle cannot be influenced, and after the deflection is measured at the second moment, the deflection value measuring device can be lifted through the pull rope, and the normal forward moving of the loading vehicle cannot be influenced. The obtaining of the A value and the B value of each point in the invention is consistent with the obtaining mode of the Beckmann beam in the prior art, and the obtaining mode is as follows: when the beam body is in a horizontal position, a value h1 corresponding to the dial indicator is recorded, h1 is a known value, when a measuring head at the front end of the beam body is in contact with the ground, a value h2 corresponding to the dial indicator is recorded, and deflection values A and B of a road at the position corresponding to the measuring head are = (h 2-h 1) × 2.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the dial indicator may also be replaced by other displacement measuring components, such as dial indicators, laser displacement sensors, etc.; the distance between the tail measuring head and the support also can be different from L, and the number of the middle measuring heads can be set according to requirements, such as one, three or more; the hinged shafts of the beam bodies can be on the same vertical straight line; the hinge axes of the beam bodies can be arranged coaxially; the support can also comprise four independent support units, and each beam body is hinged to the corresponding support unit.
An embodiment 3 of a road deflection value dynamic measurement method is shown in fig. 11 to 15: in this embodiment, the deflection value measuring device is composed of a deflection beam 9, a frame of the deflection beam 9 includes a beam body having a frame structure, the beam body includes two measuring rods 6 arranged at left and right intervals and extending along front and rear directions, front ends of the measuring rods 6 respectively extend into wheel gaps corresponding to rear wheels, front ends of the two measuring rods are connected through a V-shaped frame 5, rear ends of the two measuring rods 6 are connected through a connecting rod 11, the beam body is provided with a first supporting leg 7, a second supporting leg 10 and a third supporting leg 8 which are located outside a deflection influence range of the left rear wheel and the right rear wheel when in use, the first supporting leg 7, the second supporting leg 10 and the third supporting leg 8 are distributed in a triangular shape, in this embodiment, the first supporting leg 7 and the second supporting leg 10 are respectively arranged at rear ends corresponding to the measuring rods 6, and the third supporting leg 8 is arranged at a front end of the V-shaped frame 5.
Each measuring rod 6 is provided with a plurality of displacement measuring components arranged at equal intervals in the front-back direction, in this embodiment, each displacement measuring component is a dial indicator, the interval between two adjacent displacement measuring components is defined as L, the number of the displacement measuring components is 19, the displacement measuring component positioned in the front is called a head displacement measuring component 14, the displacement measuring component positioned in the back is called a tail displacement measuring component 17, and the displacement measuring components positioned between the head displacement measuring component and the tail displacement measuring component are called middle displacement measuring components 12. In the front-rear direction, the distance between the tail end displacement measuring component 17 and the head end displacement measuring component 14 is smaller than the deflection influence radius of the wheels on the road to be measured; the horizontal distance between adjacent displacement measurement components is L, and the sum of the distance between the head end displacement measurement component 14 and the tail end displacement measurement component 17 and the L is larger than the deflection influence radius of the wheels on the road to be measured. Item 20 in the figure represents a deflection basin which is pressed out by the influence of the rear wheels, and the radius of the front and back direction of the deflection basin is the deflection influence radius; item 21 represents a road region that is not affected by deflection.
Load and be provided with the high hoist mechanism who is used for promoting the height of beams that warp on the car, high hoist mechanism includes reel 4, and the reel is by reel motor drive, and the winding has left stay cord 3 and right stay cord on the reel, and the left stay cord links to each other with left measuring stick, and the right stay cord links to each other with the measuring stick on right side, is provided with on the car 1 that loads and supplies to correspond stay cord switching-over pulley 2 that the rope warp commutates. The pull rope reversing pulley 2 and the winding drum 4 are both arranged on a cantilever 7, and the front end of the cantilever 7 is fixed on the body of the loading vehicle. The downside of cantilever is equipped with two follow-up sliders 31 of arranging about along the fore-and-aft direction removal, all is fixed with vertical arrangement's guide bar 32 on two measuring sticks of roof beam body, and the upper end of guide bar is with to correspond follow-up slider 31 and move the cooperation in the direction of about, and the guide bar is a square pole. Because of the existence of the guide rod, the height lifting mechanism can keep the stability of the beam body on the upper lifting beam body and the lower lifting beam body, avoid the back-and-forth torsion of the beam body and ensure that each measuring rod cannot be twisted left and right and touch the corresponding rear wheel.
The measuring process comprises the following steps: in the invention, through the deflection value measurement of the two moments, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel 16 of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of the head end displacement measurement component, namely the first moment, the head end displacement measurement component measures the deflection amount of the basin bottom of the deflection basin, and when the vehicle moves forwards for L displacement, the measuring heads respectively measure the deflection amounts A1 and A2 … … An of the corresponding positions of the deflection basin from back to front, in the embodiment, n =19, when the vehicle moves forwards for L displacement, the second moment is equivalent to the forward overall translation L displacement of the whole deflection basin, after the time difference, the positions of the deflection basin corresponding to the measuring points can generate rebound, at the moment, the deflection amounts B1, B2 and B … … Bn corresponding to the measuring points are generated, then Bn-An represents the rebound amount generated by the basin bottom of the deflection basin from the first moment to the second moment, the deflection difference value of other two moments represents that the deflection rebound amount generated at other corresponding positions of the deflection basin from the first moment to the second moment, (A1-B1) + (A2-B2) + … … (An-Bn) forms the deflection value of the road surface, after the measurement of the second moment, the deflection beam can be lifted integrally away from the road surface through the lifting mechanism, the normal walking of the vehicle cannot be influenced, and the integral displacement of the vehicle is smaller from the first moment to the second moment, so that the deflection value measuring device cannot be influenced as long as the pull rope slightly keeps a loose state and the follow-up sliding block follows backwards along the cantilever, the forward moving walking of the loading vehicle cannot be influenced, and after the deflection is measured at the second moment, the deflection value measuring device can be lifted through the pull rope, and the normal forward moving of the loading vehicle cannot be influenced. According to the invention, the three support legs are always out of the deflection influence of the rear wheel, so that the beam body forms a stable measurement reference, and the measurement stability of each displacement measurement component is ensured.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the dial indicator may also be replaced by other displacement measuring components, such as dial indicators, laser displacement sensors, etc.; the number of the middle displacement measuring components can be set according to the requirement, for example, two, three or other numbers; only one measuring rod can be provided; the number of the supporting legs can be selected according to the requirement, for example, one supporting leg, two supporting legs, four supporting legs or other supporting legs can be selected as long as the beam body can be ensured not to topple.
Embodiments of the deflection value measuring device are shown in fig. 1 to 15: the specific structure of the deflection value measuring device is the same as that of the deflection value measuring device in each of the above-described embodiments of the dynamic road deflection value measuring method, and details thereof are not described herein.
Claims (6)
1. A road deflection value dynamic measurement method is characterized in that: the load vehicle drives the deflection value measuring device to run from back to front, the rear wheel of the load vehicle is of a single-side double-wheel structure, the deflection value measuring device comprises a plurality of measuring points which are arranged at equal intervals along the front-back direction and used for measuring the deflection value of the corresponding position of the road surface, each measuring point is a tail end measuring point which is arranged at the back, a head end measuring point which is arranged at the front and at least one middle measuring point which is arranged between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point,
firstly, a deflection value measuring device is put down to the road surface, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the position of a head end measuring point, each measuring point respectively measures the deflection amount at the corresponding position of the road surface, and the deflection amounts measured from the rear to the front measuring points are respectively marked as A1、A2… … An, the amount of horizontal displacement in the front-rear direction between two adjacent measurement points is L,
secondly, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forwards for L distance relative to the head end measuring point, the deflection amount of the corresponding position of the road surface measured by each measuring point is recorded, and the deflection amount measured from the rear to the front measuring points is B1、B2… … Bn, the deflection value of the road surface = (A)1- B1）+（A2- B2）+……（An- Bn）。
2. The dynamic measurement method of road deflection values according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle corresponds to the head end measuring point, the tail end measuring point is positioned in the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface.
3. The dynamic measurement method of road deflection values according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the second step, when the wheel gap center of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle moves forwards for a distance L relative to the head end measuring point, the tail end measuring point is positioned outside the deflection influence range of the rear wheel of the loading vehicle on the road surface.
4. Deflection value measuring device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a device frame, wherein a plurality of measuring points which are arranged at equal intervals in the front-back direction and used for measuring the deflection of the corresponding position of the road surface are arranged on the device frame, and each measuring point is a tail end measuring point which is arranged close to the back, a head end measuring point which is arranged close to the front and at least one middle measuring point which is arranged between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point.
5. The deflection value measuring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the distance between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point is smaller than the deflection influence radius of the corresponding wheel to the road surface.
6. The deflection value measuring apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the horizontal direction distance between two adjacent displacement measuring points is L, and the sum of the distance between the tail end measuring point and the head end measuring point and the L is larger than the deflection influence radius of the corresponding wheel to the road surface.
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