CN111186302A - Safety guarantee method for power battery of pure electric rail locomotive - Google Patents
Safety guarantee method for power battery of pure electric rail locomotive Download PDFInfo
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- CN111186302A CN111186302A CN202010036110.9A CN202010036110A CN111186302A CN 111186302 A CN111186302 A CN 111186302A CN 202010036110 A CN202010036110 A CN 202010036110A CN 111186302 A CN111186302 A CN 111186302A
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- power battery
- battery system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rail locomotives and discloses a safety guarantee method for a power battery of a pure electric rail locomotive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail locomotives, in particular to a safety guarantee method for a power battery of a pure electric rail locomotive.
Background
The pure electric rail locomotive becomes a great hot spot technology at present because of the advantages of low noise, zero emission, obvious energy-saving effect and the like. Most of pure electric locomotives have insufficient consideration on battery safety, have great risk of out-of-control and cause unsafe operation in tunnels.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing problems, the safety guarantee method for the power battery of the pure electric rail locomotive is provided, and various measures are adopted to guarantee the safety of the power battery system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a safety guarantee method for a power battery system of a pure electric rail locomotive comprises the following steps:
the battery modules in the battery box are physically isolated and divided into a plurality of battery sub-modules; a single module fails slightly and does not extend to other modules.
Dividing the power battery system into A, B two branches, arranging a maintenance switch with a fuse in the middle of the total positive output of each branch battery system and the battery box, and arranging a fuse in the middle of each battery sub-module in the battery box; the short-circuit fault cannot be enlarged due to local grounding or thermal runaway, and the energy of the thermal runaway is weakened; and the protection current of the fuse in the middle of each battery sub-module is 5 times larger than that of a maintenance switch with the fuse, and the protection is carried out in a grading way according to the severity of the fault.
Arranging a positive high-voltage box and a negative high-voltage box, wherein the total positive output of A, B two branches of the power battery system enters the positive high-voltage box, and the total negative output of A, B two branches of the power battery system enters the negative high-voltage box; the positive high-voltage box physically isolates the total positive output of the branch A from the total positive output of the branch B; the negative high-voltage box physically isolates the total negative output of the branch A from the total negative output of the branch B; through the measure of total positive and total negative physical isolation, the potential safety hazard of total positive and total negative short circuit is avoided, and the absolute safety of output is ensured.
The power battery system is ensured to be safe to use by using safety protection measures for up-down electricity application of the power battery system, and the service life is prolonged.
Further, the specific mode that battery module adopted physical isolation in the battery box is:
the battery modules are distributed in a plurality of independent battery bins to form a plurality of battery sub-modules, and a high-strength insulating plate is adopted in the middle of each battery sub-module for physical isolation, so that the electrical clearance and the creepage distance are improved, and the safety is improved; and the middle of each battery bin is isolated by a steel plate, and the steel plate is subjected to insulation treatment.
Further, the insulation treatment method of the steel plate comprises the following steps: the insulating paint is coated on the bottom layer of the steel plate, and the insulating plate is attached to the surface of the steel plate, so that energy division is achieved to the maximum extent, and safety is improved.
Further, the concrete mode of adopting physical isolation in the positive pole high-voltage box and the negative pole high-voltage box is as follows:
an insulating plate is arranged between the total positive output of the branch A and the total positive output of the branch B in the positive high-voltage box;
and an insulating plate is arranged between the total negative output of the branch A and the total negative output of the branch B in the negative high-voltage box.
Furthermore, the voltage of each battery sub-module is not more than 23V, the electric quantity is not more than 5.15kwh, the interval between each battery sub-module is 9mm, and each battery sub-module is connected by adopting a soft copper bar.
Furthermore, the fusing characteristics of the fuse of the maintenance switch and the fuse in the middle of the battery sub-module are matched according to the short-circuit fault current value of the branch circuit, the rated short-time tolerance current value of the branch circuit and the inverse time limit action characteristic of the fuse.
Further, the power battery system power-on safety protection measures specifically include the following:
a. the microcomputer system of the locomotive determines the maximum parallel connection pressure difference of A, B two branches according to the current bearing degree of an intermediate direct current loop of A, B two branches, if the pressure difference is exceeded, the parallel connection use of A, B two branches is not allowed, and only one branch with higher voltage in A, B two branches is allowed to be put into use;
b. if the switching time of the pre-charging contactor of the locomotive is more than 15S, and the voltage of the intermediate direct current loop does not rise to the safe switching voltage, the microcomputer system does not switch on the power battery discharging contactor, but switches off the master control switch and then powers on again;
c. after the power battery system is electrified, if a certain branch circuit is cut off due to a fault, the power battery system is automatically locked, and the certain branch circuit cannot be automatically put into use after the fault is recovered, but can be recovered after a master control switch of the power battery system is disconnected;
d. if a certain branch in the power battery system has a fault and needs to be cut off, the cutting instruction is only effective before the power battery system is not electrified, and if the power battery system is electrified, the branch cutting instruction is ineffective;
e. after the power battery system is electrified, if the power battery system contactor is disconnected due to a management system or other reasons, when the microcomputer system detects that the voltage of the intermediate direct current loop is reduced to be lower than the safe input voltage, the microcomputer system automatically disconnects the output, and after the power battery system contactor is recovered to be connected, the power battery system cannot be used.
Further, the power battery system power-off safety protection measures specifically include the following:
when the power battery system is powered off, a locomotive driver disconnects the master control switch, unloads the microcomputer system firstly, stops the air compressor, disconnects the power of the auxiliary system, and finally disconnects the high-voltage contactors of the A, B two branches respectively, so that the system is powered off under the condition of no load, the arc discharge of the contactors is avoided, the service life of the contactors is prolonged, and the impact of a power battery is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are as follows:
1. energy division is carried out on the power battery system, and damage and expansion of the power battery can be avoided.
2. Reasonable short-circuit protection can avoid thermal runaway of the power battery caused by short circuit, and the application safety of the power battery system is improved.
3. The perfect software control strategy avoids heavy current impact, protects the safety of parts of the locomotive and can effectively improve the reliability of the locomotive.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a safety guarantee method for a power battery of a pure electric rail locomotive, which mainly comprises the steps of good insulation isolation among modules, double-branch physical isolation, reasonable arrangement of a fuse and total positive and total negative physical isolation. The following is a specific content of the method.
1. The modules are physically isolated from each other.
The battery module distributes in 6 independent battery compartment, forms 6 battery submodule groups, and single battery submodule group voltage is no longer than 23V, and the electric quantity is no longer than 5.16kWh, and 9mm of interval between the module adopts soft copper bar to connect. Adopt the high strength insulation board to carry out physics in the middle of the module and keep apart, improve electric clearance and creepage distance, improve the security. A single battery sub-module has a slight fault and cannot be extended to other modules.
2. The fuse is reasonably arranged.
The power battery system is divided into A, B branches, a maintenance switch with a fuse is arranged between the total positive output of each branch of battery system and the battery box, and a fuse is arranged in the middle of each battery sub-module in the battery box. The short-circuit fault caused by local grounding or thermal runaway cannot be enlarged, and the energy of the thermal runaway is weakened.
The fusing characteristics of the fuse of the maintenance switch and the fuse in the middle of the battery sub-module are strictly matched according to the short-circuit fault current value of the branch system, the rated short-time tolerance current value of the branch system and the inverse time limit action characteristic of the fuse.
The protection current of the fuse at the middle part of the battery sub-module is 5 times larger than that of the maintenance switch with the fuse, and the battery sub-module is protected in a grading way according to the severity of the fault.
3. Total positive and total negative physical isolation.
The positive and negative outputs of the power battery system respectively enter a positive high-voltage box and a negative high-voltage box. The total positive output of A, B branches of the power battery system enters a positive high-voltage box, and the total negative output enters a negative high-voltage box; and the direct current is connected to an intermediate direct current loop (A, B confluence point of two branches) after being protected and disconnected by a high-voltage box. The power battery total positive and total negative are physically isolated by the form of arranging the positive high-voltage box and the negative high-voltage box.
Physical isolation between the A, B branches in the high pressure tank. The total positive output of the branch A and the total positive output of the branch B are physically isolated in the positive high-voltage box; the negative high-voltage box physically isolates the total negative output of the branch A from the total negative output of the branch B; through the measure of total positive and total negative physical isolation, the potential safety hazard of total positive and total negative short circuit is avoided, and the absolute safety of output is ensured.
4. And (4) system power-on and power-off safety strategies.
The power battery system is provided with multiple protection measures:
a) the microcomputer system determines A, B the maximum parallel pressure difference of two branches according to the current bearing degree of the middle direct current loop, the two branches are not allowed to be used in parallel when the maximum parallel pressure difference exceeds the pressure difference, and only A, B allows the branch with higher voltage to be used in the two branches.
b) If the pre-charging contactor is put into the voltage for more than 15 seconds and the intermediate direct-current voltage does not rise to the safe input voltage, the microcomputer system does not switch on the power battery discharging contactor and needs to switch off the master control switch and then electrify the power battery again.
c) After the system is powered on, if a certain branch is cut off after a fault occurs, the system is automatically locked, the branch cannot be automatically put into use after the fault is recovered, and the branch can be recovered after the master control switch is disconnected.
d) The branch cutting instruction can be effective only before the power battery is not electrified, and after the power battery is electrified, the branch cutting instruction is ineffective and cannot cut the branch, so that the impact of the contactor is prevented.
e) After the power battery is electrified, if the power battery contactor is disconnected due to a management system or other reasons, when the microcomputer system detects that the voltage of the intermediate direct current loop is reduced to be lower than the safe input voltage, the microcomputer system automatically disconnects the output, and even if the management system is recovered to be connected, the power battery cannot be input, so that the problems that large impact current is generated, a fuse is burnt and the battery is damaged are avoided.
When the system is powered off, a driver disconnects the master control switch, unloads the microcomputer system firstly, stops the air compressor, disconnects the auxiliary system, and finally disconnects the A, B branch high-voltage contactors respectively, so that the system is ensured to be powered off under the condition of no load, the arc discharge of the contactor is avoided, the service life of the contactor is prolonged, and the impact of a power battery is reduced.
Example 2
Preferably, the middle of each battery compartment is isolated by a steel plate, the bottom layer of the steel plate is coated with insulating paint, and the surface of the steel plate is pasted with a high-strength insulating plate, so that energy division is realized to the maximum extent, and the safety is improved.
Example 3
Preferably, an insulating plate is adopted in the positive high-voltage box to physically isolate the total positive output of the branch A and the total positive output of the branch B; and an insulating plate is adopted in the negative high-voltage box to physically isolate the total negative output of the branch A and the total negative output of the branch B.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will appreciate that insubstantial changes or modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A safety guarantee method for a power battery system of a pure electric rail locomotive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the battery modules in the battery box are physically isolated and divided into a plurality of battery sub-modules;
dividing the power battery system into A, B two branches, arranging a maintenance switch with a fuse in the middle of the total positive output of each branch battery system and the battery box, and arranging a fuse in the middle of each battery sub-module in the battery box; the protection current of the fuse in the middle of each battery sub-module is 5 times larger than that of the maintenance switch with the fuse;
arranging a positive high-voltage box and a negative high-voltage box, wherein the total positive output of A, B two branches of the power battery system enters the positive high-voltage box, and the total negative output of A, B two branches of the power battery system enters the negative high-voltage box; the positive high-voltage box physically isolates the total positive output of the branch A from the total positive output of the branch B; the negative high-voltage box physically isolates the total negative output of the branch A from the total negative output of the branch B;
and applying safety protection measures to the up and down electricity application of the power battery system.
2. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the concrete mode that battery module adopted physical isolation in the battery box does:
the battery modules are distributed in a plurality of independent battery bins to form a plurality of battery sub-modules; and the middle of each battery bin is isolated by a steel plate, and the steel plate is subjected to insulation treatment.
3. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the insulation treatment mode of the steel plate comprises the following steps: coating insulating paint on the bottom layer of the steel plate, and attaching an insulating plate on the surface of the steel plate.
4. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the positive high-voltage box and the negative high-voltage box are physically isolated in the following specific manner:
an insulating plate is arranged between the total positive output of the branch A and the total positive output of the branch B in the positive high-voltage box;
and an insulating plate is arranged between the total negative output of the branch A and the total negative output of the branch B in the negative high-voltage box.
5. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the voltage of each battery sub-module is not more than 23V, the electric quantity is not more than 5.15kwh, the space between each battery sub-module is 9mm, and each battery sub-module is connected by a soft copper bar.
6. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fusing characteristics of the fuse of the maintenance switch and the fuse in the middle of the battery sub-module are matched according to the short-circuit fault current value of the branch, the rated short-time tolerance current value of the branch and the inverse time-limit action characteristic of the fuse.
7. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power battery system power-on safety protection measures specifically comprise the following steps:
a. the microcomputer system of the locomotive determines the maximum parallel connection pressure difference of A, B two branches according to the current bearing degree of an intermediate direct current loop of A, B two branches, if the pressure difference is exceeded, the parallel connection use of A, B two branches is not allowed, and only one branch with higher voltage in A, B two branches is allowed to be put into use;
b. if the switching time of the pre-charging contactor of the locomotive is more than 15S, and the voltage of the intermediate direct current loop does not rise to the safe switching voltage, the microcomputer system does not switch on the power battery discharging contactor, but switches off the master control switch and then powers on again;
c. after the power battery system is electrified, if a certain branch circuit is cut off due to a fault, the power battery system is automatically locked, and the certain branch circuit cannot be automatically put into use after the fault is recovered, but can be recovered after a master control switch of the power battery system is disconnected;
d. if a certain branch in the power battery system has a fault and needs to be cut off, the cutting instruction is only effective before the power battery system is not electrified, and if the power battery system is electrified, the branch cutting instruction is ineffective;
e. after the power battery system is electrified, if the power battery system contactor is disconnected due to a management system or other reasons, when the microcomputer system detects that the voltage of the intermediate direct current loop is reduced to be lower than the safe input voltage, the microcomputer system automatically disconnects the output, and after the power battery system contactor is recovered to be connected, the power battery system cannot be used.
8. The safety guarantee method for the power battery system of the pure electric rail locomotive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the power battery system power-off safety protection measures specifically comprise the following steps:
when the power battery system is powered off, a locomotive driver disconnects the master control switch, unloads the microcomputer system, stops the air compressor, disconnects the power of the auxiliary system and finally disconnects the high-voltage contactors of the A, B two branches respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010036110.9A CN111186302A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Safety guarantee method for power battery of pure electric rail locomotive |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010036110.9A CN111186302A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Safety guarantee method for power battery of pure electric rail locomotive |
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| CN111186302A true CN111186302A (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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| CN202010036110.9A Pending CN111186302A (en) | 2020-01-14 | 2020-01-14 | Safety guarantee method for power battery of pure electric rail locomotive |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022198851A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | 三一汽车制造有限公司 | Thermal runaway processing method and apparatus, and readable storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20200522 |