CN111185307A - Application of gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent - Google Patents
Application of gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN111185307A CN111185307A CN202010032951.2A CN202010032951A CN111185307A CN 111185307 A CN111185307 A CN 111185307A CN 202010032951 A CN202010032951 A CN 202010032951A CN 111185307 A CN111185307 A CN 111185307A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- B03D1/011—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to an application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent. The invention provides application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent in scheelite or gangue mineral calcite flotation, wherein the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent is hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide. The gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide provided by the invention is low in toxicity and pollution-free, has strong electrostatic adsorption, hydrogen bond adsorption and physical adsorption with scheelite or gangue mineral calcite, has high selectivity for the scheelite and gangue mineral calcite, has a wide pH range applicable to flotation, and does not need to be compounded with other collecting agents. Test results show that the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector provided by the invention is used for mineral flotation and collection, the scheelite recovery rate reaches 97.51%, the calcite recovery rate is only 8.24%, and the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector has stable and efficient selectivity and good flotation and separation effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to an application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent.
Background
The collecting agent is the most important flotation agent in the flotation agents for changing the hydrophobicity of the surface of the mineral and enabling floating mineral particles to be adhered to air bubbles. It has two most basic properties: (1) can be selectively adsorbed on the mineral surface; (2) can increase the hydrophobic degree of the mineral surface, so that the mineral surface is easy to adhere to the air bubbles, thereby improving the floatability of the mineral. The separation of scheelite from calcium-containing gangue minerals has been a recognized problem in the field of mineral processing. Tungsten is found in the earth's crust in more than 20 tungsten-containing minerals, the vast majority of which are tungstates, of which only scheelite CaWO4(containing WO)380.60%) and wolframite (Fe, Mn) WO4(containing WO)376.56%) has economic value for development. For scheelite, the separation efficiency of gravity separation and magnetic separation is too low, the separation capacity is limited, and the chemical ore separation is usually not used alone but used together with the flotation as an auxiliary means of the flotation because the ore separation cost is high. The flotation method has low equipment cost and higher product grade and recovery rate, but generally has complex medicament system, high medicament cost and pollution. Therefore, the important content of the collecting agent for scheelite flotation with high efficiency, high selectivity, low toxicity and no pollution to the field of tungsten beneficiation is developed.
Compared with the traditional anionic collector sodium oleate, the cationic quaternary ammonium collector has stronger flotation capability on scheelite, but the collector capable of simultaneously realizing the calcite flotation of scheelite and gangue minerals is not easy to select, for example, didodecyldimethylammonium chloride has certain collection capability on the calcite of the scheelite and the gangue minerals, but the application and action mechanism research of the cationic quaternary ammonium collector in the scheelite flotation [ D ] Zhongnan university, 2013 ] cannot realize the flotation separation of the scheelite and the calcite as the cationic quaternary ammonium substance dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride; meanwhile, the existing cationic collecting agent has the problem that the selectivity is poor after the pH value of a flotation system is increased. Furthermore, in order to meet the requirement of separating scheelite and gangue mineral calcite by floatation, the collecting agent with simple use process and simple medicament system is provided more difficultly.
Therefore, the collecting agent which has high selectivity, stable high selectivity for flotation under the condition of high pH value, simple and convenient use process and simple medicament system is provided, and has great industrial value for the field of calcite flotation of scheelite and gangue minerals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector, which can meet the requirement of efficient separation and flotation of scheelite and gangue mineral calcite, and has the characteristics of high selectivity, high flotation under a high pH condition, stable selectivity, simple and convenient use process, and simple chemical system.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent in scheelite or gangue mineral calcite flotation, wherein the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent is hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide.
Preferably, the method of application comprises the steps of:
providing a slurry; the ore pulp is ore pulp comprising scheelite and/or gangue mineral calcite ore;
and mixing the ore pulp with a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent, and then carrying out flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings.
Preferably, the pH value of the ore pulp is 6-11.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the ore sample to the water in the ore pulp is 1: (15-20).
Preferably, the granularity of the ore sample is 0.038-0.074 mm.
Preferably, the dosage of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector relative to ore pulp is 0.1 x 10-4～2×10-4mol/L。
Preferably, the flotation time is 2-5 min.
The invention provides an application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent in scheelite or gangue mineral calcite flotation; the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent is hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide. The gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide provided by the invention is low in toxicity and pollution-free, has strong electrostatic adsorption, hydrogen bond adsorption and physical adsorption with scheelite or gangue mineral calcite, and has high selectivity for the scheelite and the gangue mineral calcite; the pH range applicable to flotation is wide; and the complex formulation with other collectors is not needed, the use process is simple and convenient, and the medicament system is simple.
Test results show that the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide provided by the invention is used for flotation and collection of single minerals, the recovery rate of scheelite reaches 97.51%, the recovery rate of calcite can only reach 8.24%, and selective flotation behaviors of scheelite and gangue minerals calcite are obvious under the condition that no inhibitor is used; the method is used for flotation of mixed minerals, the grade of the scheelite reaches 60.42-65.45%, the recovery rate reaches 86.98-98.08%, and the method has stable and efficient selectivity, simple use process, simple medicament system and good flotation effect.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a flow diagram of the flotation process of example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an application of a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent in scheelite or gangue mineral calcite flotation; the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent is hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide.
In the present invention, the hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide is preferably commercially available or prepared autonomously.
In the present invention, the method for preparing hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide preferably comprises the following steps:
mixing 1, 6-dibromohexane, dodecyl tertiary amine and ethanol, and carrying out quaternization reaction to obtain the hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the agents are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the molar ratio of the 1, 6-dibromohexane to the dodecyltertiary amine is preferably 1: 2.2. the dosage of the ethanol is not limited, and the ethanol can be fully dissolved in the 1, 6-dibromohexane and the dodecyl tertiary amine; the ethanol is a solvent. In the present invention, the quaternization reaction is preferably carried out under a protective atmosphere; the protective atmosphere is preferably nitrogen. In the present invention, the quaternization reaction is preferably carried out under the condition of oil bath reflux; the temperature of the oil bath reflux is preferably 70-100 ℃, and the time is preferably 24-72 h; the reflux rate of the oil bath reflux is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be any reflux rate known to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, the method of application preferably comprises the steps of:
providing a slurry; the ore pulp is ore pulp comprising scheelite and/or gangue mineral calcite ore;
and mixing the ore pulp with a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent, and then carrying out flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings.
The invention provides a pulp; the ore pulp is the ore pulp comprising scheelite and/or gangue mineral calcite ore.
In the invention, the preparation method of the ore pulp preferably comprises the steps of mixing an ore sample with water and then carrying out first size mixing to obtain primary size; and adjusting the pH value of the primary slurry, and then carrying out secondary slurry mixing to obtain the ore pulp.
According to the invention, the ore sample is preferably mixed with water and then subjected to first size mixing to obtain primary size. In the invention, the granularity of the ore sample is preferably 0.038-0.074 mm, more preferably 0.042-0.070 mm, and still more preferably 0.046-0.066 mm. In the present invention, the mineral sample is preferably a pure mineral sample; the purity of the pure ore sample is preferably 95-98%, more preferably 95.5-97.5%, and still more preferably 96-97%. In the present invention, the water is preferably pure water. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the ore sample to water is preferably 1: (15-20), more preferably 1: (16-19), and more preferably 1: (17-18). In the present invention, the first slurry mixing method is preferably stirring; the stirring speed is preferably 1702-1904 rpm, more preferably 1750-1850 rpm, and further preferably 1780-1820 rpm; the first size mixing time is preferably 1-2 min, more preferably 1.2-1.8 min, and still more preferably 1.4-1.6 min. In the present invention, the first conditioning apparatus is preferably a trough flotation machine. In the embodiment of the invention, the first slurry mixing equipment is an XFGII-5 type trough-hanging flotation machine which is purchased from Jinshibao mining machinery Co., Ltd, Shicheng county, Jiangxi province.
After the primary slurry is obtained, the invention preferably adjusts the pH value of the primary slurry and then carries out secondary pulp mixing to obtain the ore pulp. In the invention, the pH regulator used for adjusting the pH value is preferably HCl solution or NaOH solution; the concentration of the pH regulator is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be a concentration known to those skilled in the art, specifically, for example, 1 mol/L. In the present invention, the second slurry mixing mode is preferably stirring; the stirring speed is preferably 1702-1904 rpm, more preferably 1750-1850 rpm, and further preferably 1780-1820 rpm; the second size mixing time is preferably 1-3 min, more preferably 1-2.5 min, and still more preferably 1-2 min. In the present invention, the second slurrying apparatus is preferably a trough flotation machine. In the embodiment of the invention, the second slurry mixing device is an XFGII-5 type trough-hanging flotation machine which is purchased from Jinshibao mining machinery Co., Ltd, Shicheng county, Jiangxi province. In the invention, the pH value of the ore pulp is preferably 6-11, more preferably 7-10, and still more preferably 8-9. When the pH value of the primary ore pulp meets 6-11, the primary ore pulp is preferably directly used as the ore pulp, and a pH value adjusting step and a second size mixing step are not required.
After obtaining the ore pulp, the ore pulp and the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent are mixed and then subjected to flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings. In the invention, the using amount of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector relative to the ore pulp is preferably 0.1 x 10-4～2×10-4mol/L, more preferably 0.5X 10-4～1.5×10-4mol/L, more preferably 0.8X 10-4～1.2×10-4mol/L. In the invention, the time for flotation is preferably 2-5 min, more preferably 2.5-4.5 min, and still more preferably 3-4 min. The specific process of the flotation is not particularly limited in the invention, and a mineral separation process well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
The use of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collectors provided by the present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Putting 2g of scheelite sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 7 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 7 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 3min, and then carrying out mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product); the process flow diagram is shown in FIG. 1.
And respectively putting the concentrate and the tailings into a vacuum drying oven for drying and weighing, and calculating the recovery rate according to the formula I.
R＝M1/(M1+M2) X 100% of formula I;
in the formula I, R is the recovery rate and the unit is%;
M1is the concentrate mass, with unit g;
M2the mass of the tailings is g.
Calculated scheelite recovery rate was 94.73%.
Comparative example 1
Putting 2g of calcite ore sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the ore sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 7 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 7 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 3min, and performing mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product).
Calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and was calculated to be 8.24%.
Example 2
Putting 2g of scheelite sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 11 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 11 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 3min, and performing mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product).
And calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is 95.05%.
Comparative example 2
Putting 2g of calcite ore sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the ore sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 11 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 11 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 3min, and performing mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product).
Calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and was calculated to be 34.24%.
Example 3
Adding 0.75X 10 to the obtained pulp-4The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except for using a mol/L gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide.
And calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is calculated to be 96.87%.
Example 4
Adding 1 x 10 to the obtained pulp-4The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except for using a mol/L gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide.
And calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is 93.34%.
Example 5
Adding 1.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except for using a mol/L gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide.
And calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is 95.43%.
Example 6
Adding 2 x 10 to the obtained pulp-4moL/L Gemini Quaternary ammonium salt collector Hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide, the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
And calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is 97.51%.
Comparative example 3
Adding 0.75X 10 to the obtained pulp-4The rest steps of the method are the same as the comparative example 1.
The calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and calculated to be 14.86%.
Comparative example 4
Adding 1 x 10 to the obtained pulp-4The rest steps of the method are the same as the comparative example 1.
The calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and calculated to be 15.63%.
Comparative example 5
Adding 1.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4The rest steps of the method are the same as the comparative example 1.
The calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and calculated to be 22.05%.
Comparative example 6
Adding 2 x 10 to the obtained pulp-4The rest steps of the method are the same as the comparative example 1.
The calcite recovery was calculated according to formula I and calculated to be 23.38%.
Example 7
Putting 1g of scheelite ore sample and 1g of calcite ore sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the ore sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 7 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 7 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the Gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 23min, and then carrying out mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product).
After flotation, the grade of the scheelite is 65.45%; and calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is 86.98%.
Example 8
Putting 1g of scheelite ore sample and 1g of calcite ore sample into a flotation tank, adding deionized water according to the mass ratio of the ore sample to the deionized water of 1:17, and stirring for 2min at 1704rpm by using a tank-hanging flotation machine to obtain primary slurry; adjusting the pH value of the primary ore pulp to 11 at room temperature by using 1mol/L HCl solution and NaOH solution as pH regulators, and stirring for 1min at 1704rpm to keep the pH value at 11 to obtain ore pulp;
adding 0.5X 10 to the obtained pulp-4Stirring the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent hexane-1, 6-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide in mol/L for 3min, and performing mineral flotation and foam scraping, wherein the flotation time is 3min, so as to obtain concentrate (foam product) and tailings (in-tank product).
After flotation, the grade of the scheelite is 60.42%; and calculating the scheelite recovery rate according to the formula I, wherein the scheelite recovery rate is calculated to be 98.08%.
The embodiment shows that the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide provided by the invention is used for flotation and collection of single mineral, the recovery rate of scheelite reaches 97.51%, the recovery rate of calcite is only 8.24%, and the selective flotation behavior of the scheelite and the calcite is obvious; the method is used for flotation of mixed minerals, the grade of the scheelite reaches 60.42-65.45%, the recovery rate reaches 86.98-98.08%, and the method has stable and efficient selectivity, simple use process, simple medicament system and good flotation effect.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The application of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent in the scheelite or gangue mineral calcite flotation is characterized in that the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent is hexane-1, 6-didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide.
2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of application comprises the steps of:
providing a slurry; the ore pulp is ore pulp comprising scheelite and/or gangue mineral calcite ore;
and mixing the ore pulp with a gemini quaternary ammonium salt collecting agent, and then carrying out flotation to obtain concentrate and tailings.
3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulp has a pH value of 6 to 11.
4. The use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the mass ratio of sample to water in the pulp is 1: (15-20).
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the ore sample has a particle size of 0.038 to 0.074 mm.
6. The use according to claim 2, wherein the gemini quaternary ammonium salt collector is used in an amount of 0.1 x 10 relative to the pulp-4～2×10-4mol/L。
7. The use according to claim 2, wherein the flotation time is 2-5 min.
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| CN112892877A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for separating and floating calcite of fluorite and gangue minerals |
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Application publication date: 20200522 |