CN111180984A - All-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross fusion technology - Google Patents
All-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross fusion technology Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007526 fusion splicing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
- H01S3/1118—Semiconductor saturable absorbers, e.g. semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors [SESAMs]; Solid-state saturable absorbers, e.g. carbon nanotube [CNT] based
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross fusion technology, comprising: the device comprises a pumping source, a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer (fast axis cut-off), a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror, a polarization maintaining gain fiber, a polarization maintaining passive fiber and a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating. The virtual saturable absorber is formed by utilizing the cross fusion technology between the polarization-maintaining optical fibers and the polarization-maintaining device, so that full optical fiber of the laser is realized, an additional space structure and a modulation device are not needed, particularly, the polarization state in the cavity is controlled without mechanical adjustment of a polarization control device to realize self-starting, and the laser is formed by the full polarization-maintaining optical fibers and has excellent stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser technology and optics, and particularly relates to an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross fusion technology.
Background
With the development of the scientific society, people increasingly demand ultrashort pulse lasers. Compared with the traditional ultrafast solid laser, the ultrashort pulse fiber laser has the advantages of easiness in operation, compact structure, stable performance, low cost, good beam quality, good heat dissipation performance, high conversion efficiency and the like. In the face of the increasing market demand for ultrashort pulse laser application, ultrashort pulse fiber lasers show obvious advantages in the aspects of cost, energy consumption, space volume and the like. With the development of research, ultrashort pulse fiber lasers continuously show huge application potential, are widely applied to the related fields of high-speed optical communication, optical sensing, optical frequency comb, laser radar, spectral analysis, military and the like, and are one of the research hotspots in the field of photoelectrons at present. In the scientific research field, ultrashort pulse laser plays an important role in the generation of higher harmonics, the acquisition of coherent light sources of Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV), the generation of attosecond short-wavelength coherent radiation and the like.
In order to obtain stable ultrashort pulses, the commonly used passive mode locking methods are mainly divided into two types: a solid saturable absorber and a virtual saturable absorber. Common solid saturable absorbers are mainly semiconductor saturable absorbers (SESAMs), graphene, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), topological insulators, and the like. Virtual saturable absorbers, also known as artificial saturable absorbers, are largely classified into Nonlinear Polarization Rotation (NPR) and Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirrors (NOLM). Although a solid saturable absorber, for example, a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), can obtain good output characteristics, the SESAM in a bulk structure is not easy to integrate with an optical fiber, and the preparation technology is complex, expensive, and has the disadvantages of low damage threshold, short service life, relatively narrow working bandwidth, and the like. A laser based on the traditional NPR or NOLM mode locking has a partial space structure or a non-polarization-maintaining structure, and the stability of the laser is easily influenced by the disturbance of the external environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of production cost and service life related to entity saturable absorbers (such as SESAM and CNTs), environmental stability and system complexity of virtual saturable absorbers (such as traditional NPR and NOLM), and the like, the invention provides an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization-maintaining fiber cross fusion technology. Meanwhile, by combining the dispersion management technology, the formed pulse spectrum is smoother, is more suitable to be used as a seed source for pulse amplification, and provides multiple possibilities for amplification and compression.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technology is divided into a virtual saturable absorber and a dispersion management area based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technology, and comprises: a pumping source, a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer (fast axis cut-off), a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror, a polarization maintaining gain fiber, a polarization maintaining passive fiber and a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating;
a linear laser cavity is formed by the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the polarization maintaining device; carrying out cross welding by using the full polarization maintaining optical fiber to form a virtual saturable absorber between the polarization maintaining devices; and performing intracavity dispersion management through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating. The virtual saturable absorber is formed by sequentially connecting a common end of a fast-axis cut-off polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer with a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, a polarization-maintaining passive fiber and a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, and a pumping source is connected with a pumping input end of the polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer; the common end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the polarization maintaining gain fiber, and the common end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer and the slow axis of the gain fiber are in cross fusion; the other end of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber is connected with one end of the polarization-maintaining passive fiber; the other end of the polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber is connected with a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror; the signal end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer (fast axis cut-off) is connected with the reflection end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating, and the transmission end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating is the output end of the laser.
The pumping light provided by the pumping source is coupled and transmitted to the polarization-maintaining gain fiber through the polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, the laser generated after gain amplification is transmitted to the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is reflected back to the original light path through the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, then passes through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is gain-amplified again in the polarization-maintaining gain fiber, is subjected to dispersion management through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, a part of pulse is output from the transmission end of the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, and a part of pulse is reflected back to the cavity through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating to continue oscillation.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining gain fiber can be arranged at two positions in the cavity.
Preferably, the pump source is a semiconductor laser.
Preferably, the polarization maintaining gain fiber is a fiber doped with rare earth ions, wherein the doped rare earth elements are one or more of ytterbium (Yb), erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), thulium (Tm), samarium (Sm) and bismuth (Bi).
Preferably, the pumping mode is one of single-ended core pumping, double-ended core pumping, single-ended cladding pumping and double-ended cladding pumping.
Preferably, the fully-polarization-maintaining optical fibers are cross-fused, and the fusion angle is between 0 ° and 90 °.
The all-fiber ultrafast laser based on the polarization maintaining fiber cross welding technology provided by the invention utilizes the cross welding technology between the polarization maintaining fibers and the polarization maintaining device to form the virtual saturable absorber, realizes the full optical fiber of the laser, does not need an additional space structure and a modulation device, particularly does not need the mechanical adjustment of a polarization control device to control the polarization state in a cavity to realize self-starting, and has excellent stability because the laser is composed of the all-polarization maintaining fibers. Meanwhile, the saturable absorber consists of the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the polarization maintaining device, so that the saturable absorber has longer service life and service time, lower cost and wider adjustable performance range. The invention has simple design, compact structure and low cost, can realize high output stability, is beneficial to amplifying and compressing the pulse seed source, and is easy to realize industrialization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion splicing technology in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on the polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion splicing technique in embodiment 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of cross-fusion of polarization maintaining fibers.
The system comprises a pumping source 1, a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2, a polarization maintaining gain fiber 3, a polarization maintaining passive fiber 4, a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror 5, a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating 6, a signal end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, b a common end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, c slow axes of the polarization maintaining fiber are in cross fusion, and d a transmission end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below with reference to several drawings and embodiments, and the embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the present invention, but not limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technology, including: in the figure, 1 is a pumping source, and a semiconductor laser diode with a central wavelength of 976nm can be selected; 2 is a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer; 3 is a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, and a high-performance polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped fiber produced by Nufern company, such as 6/125 type, can be selected; 4, a polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber PM980 produced by Nufern company can be selected; 5 is a polarization-maintaining Faraday rotator mirror; and 6 is a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating.
Forming a linear cavity closed loop through the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the polarization maintaining device; the signal end a and the common end b of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 are sequentially connected with a polarization maintaining gain fiber 3, a polarization maintaining passive fiber 4, a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror 5 and a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating 6 to be connected in series to form a cavity, nonlinear polarization rotation is realized by the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 with a fast axis cut-off, the polarization maintaining gain fiber 3, the polarization maintaining passive fiber 4 and the polarization maintaining Faraday mirror, and a pumping source 1 is connected with a pumping input end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2; the common end b of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with a polarization maintaining gain fiber, wherein the polarization maintaining gain fiber is subjected to cross fusion c between slow axes, as shown in FIG. 3; the other end of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber 3 is connected with a polarization-maintaining passive fiber 4; the polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber 4 is connected with a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror 5; the signal end a of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating 6; the transmission end d of the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating 6 is used as an output port of the whole laser.
The working principle of the embodiment 1 is as follows:
the pumping light provided by the pumping source is coupled and transmitted to the polarization-maintaining gain fiber through the polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, the laser generated after gain amplification is transmitted to the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is reflected back to the original light path through the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, then passes through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is gain-amplified again in the polarization-maintaining gain fiber, is subjected to dispersion management through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, a part of pulse is output from the transmission end of the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, and a part of pulse is reflected back to the cavity through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating to continue oscillation.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technology, including: in the figure, 1 is a pumping source, and a semiconductor laser diode with a central wavelength of 976nm can be selected; 2 is a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer which is a fast axis cut-off device; 3 is a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, and a high-performance polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped fiber produced by Nufern company, such as 6/125 type, can be selected; 4, a polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber PM980 produced by Nufern company can be selected; 5 is a polarization-maintaining Faraday rotator mirror; and 6 is a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating.
Forming a linear cavity closed loop through the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the polarization maintaining device; the signal end a and the common end b of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 are sequentially connected with a polarization maintaining gain fiber 3, a polarization maintaining passive fiber 4, a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror 5 and a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating 6 to be connected in series to form a cavity, nonlinear polarization rotation is realized by the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 with a fast axis cut-off, the polarization maintaining passive fiber 4 and the polarization maintaining Faraday mirror 5, and the pumping source 1 is connected with the pumping input end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2; the common end b of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with a polarization maintaining passive optical fiber 4, here, the polarization maintaining passive optical fiber is in cross fusion c between slow axes, as shown in fig. 3; the polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber 4 is connected with a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror 5; the signal end a of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected with a polarization maintaining gain fiber 3; the polarization-maintaining gain fiber 3 is connected with a polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating 6; the transmission end d of the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating 6 is used as an output port of the whole laser.
The working principle of the embodiment 2 is as follows:
the pumping light provided by the pumping source is coupled and transmitted to the polarization maintaining gain fiber through the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, the laser generated after gain amplification passes through the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating, part of the laser is reflected back into the cavity and transmitted to the polarization maintaining Faraday mirror through the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer and the polarization maintaining passive fiber, the laser is reflected back into the original light path through the polarization maintaining Faraday mirror, then passes through the polarization maintaining passive fiber, the gain is amplified again in the polarization maintaining gain fiber, the dispersion management is carried out through the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating, part of the pulse is output from the transmission end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating, and part of the pulse is reflected back into the cavity through the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating and continues to oscillate.
In the linear resonant cavity, mode-locking pulse is realized by a virtual saturable absorber consisting of a polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer with a fast axis cut-off, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber and a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, and the saturable absorption effect is realized by utilizing polarization-dependent loss of a polarization-maintaining component, so that ultrashort pulse output is realized.
The invention realizes the full-fiber of the saturable absorber and the laser by utilizing the polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the polarization-maintaining device, does not need additional modulating devices, does not need extra space structures and modulating devices, particularly does not need mechanical adjustment of a polarization control device to control the polarization state in the cavity to realize self-starting, has excellent stability because of adopting the full-polarization-maintaining optical fiber structure, and can keep no unlocking for a long time under severe conditions such as strong vibration environment and the like. The invention has simple design, compact structure and low cost, can realize high output stability, is beneficial to the amplified pulse seed source and is easy to realize industrialization.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross fusion technique which characterized in that includes: a pumping source, a polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer (fast axis cut-off), a polarization maintaining Faraday mirror, a polarization maintaining gain fiber, a polarization maintaining passive fiber and a polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating;
a linear laser cavity is formed by the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the polarization maintaining device; carrying out cross welding by using the full polarization maintaining optical fiber to form a virtual saturable absorber between the polarization maintaining devices; and performing intracavity dispersion management through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating. The virtual saturable absorber is formed by sequentially connecting a common end of a fast-axis cut-off polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer with a polarization-maintaining gain fiber, a polarization-maintaining passive fiber and a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, and a pumping source is connected with a pumping input end of the polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer; the common end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer is connected with one end of the polarization maintaining gain fiber, and the common end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer and the slow axis of the gain fiber are in cross fusion; the other end of the polarization-maintaining gain fiber is connected with one end of the polarization-maintaining passive fiber; the other end of the polarization-maintaining passive optical fiber is connected with a polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror; the signal end of the polarization maintaining wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the reflection end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating, and the transmission end of the polarization maintaining chirped fiber grating is the output end of the laser;
the pumping light provided by the pumping source is coupled and transmitted to the polarization-maintaining gain fiber through the polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, the laser generated after gain amplification is transmitted to the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is reflected back to the original light path through the polarization-maintaining Faraday mirror, then passes through the polarization-maintaining passive fiber, is gain-amplified again in the polarization-maintaining gain fiber, is subjected to dispersion management through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, a part of pulse is output from the transmission end of the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating, and a part of pulse is reflected back to the cavity through the polarization-maintaining chirped fiber grating to continue oscillation.
2. The all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion splicing technique as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pump source is a semiconductor laser.
3. The all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technique of claim 1, wherein said polarization maintaining gain fiber is a fiber doped with rare earth ions, wherein the doped rare earth elements are one or more of ytterbium (Yb), erbium (Er), holmium (Ho), thulium (Tm), samarium (Sm) and bismuth (Bi).
4. The all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technique of claim 1, wherein said pumping mode is one of single-ended core pumping, double-ended core pumping, single-ended cladding pumping, and double-ended cladding pumping.
5. The all-fiber ultrafast laser based on polarization maintaining fiber cross-fusion technique of claim 1, wherein said fully polarization maintaining fiber is cross-fused with a fusion angle between 0 ° and 90 °.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115296131A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2022-11-04 | 武汉中科锐择光电科技有限公司 | Virtual ring cavity laser for generating ultrashort pulse |
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2020
- 2020-02-17 CN CN202010094968.0A patent/CN111180984A/en active Pending
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