CN111177914A - Cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering - Google Patents
Cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cement processes, and discloses a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering. And establishing a preheater model, taking the inlet data obtained by actual measurement as the input quantity of the preheater model in a parameter checking module, establishing a minimum objective function for planning and solving, and obtaining the corrected cement process preheater model. The invention can effectively evaluate the heat exchange effect of the same preheater under different working conditions or different periods, and can also evaluate the heat exchange effect of different preheaters under the same working condition; the data quantity required by the preheater model is not large and can be completely provided by production data or thermal calibration; the overfitting condition can not occur; the method is suitable for process modeling, can well predict the running state of the preheater under the same working condition, and can also be suitable for process optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cement processes, in particular to a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering.
Background
The new dry cement producing process is the most advanced one of the modern cement producing processes and features mainly the suspension preheating and decomposing system. The main equipment of the system is composed of a preheater and a decomposing furnace. The preheater bears a plurality of important responsibilities such as gas-solid separation, material heating, partial physical and chemical reactions and the like. Therefore, the research on the preheater is increasingly important whether the actual production operation or the cement production process is researched.
The current domestic and foreign research on preheaters is mainly focused on 3 directions.
The first direction is computational fluid dynamics simulation (CFD simulation for short). And (3) performing structural modeling on a single preheater by using CFD software, inputting relevant process parameters such as flue gas flow velocity and temperature, dust concentration, material composition, temperature and the like, performing CFD simulation, and finally outputting results such as flow field distribution, dispersion effect, temperature field distribution and the like in the preheater under the current structure and parameters. The CFD simulation can help to evaluate the quality of a hardware structure of the preheater and also can help to analyze the influence of each process parameter on the performance of the preheater. This approach has the disadvantage of being computationally complex, often requiring modeling calculations for individual devices with dedicated CFD software, and is not suitable for process optimization of the entire system.
The second direction is the reverse of the thermal field. This direction is based primarily on conservation of mass and conservation of energy, with some relatively easily available process parameters to evaluate overall preheat system operation. The evaluation method of heat exchange in the reverse method is the concept of heat efficiency. This thermal efficiency is a concept of the ratio of the available work to the total work in thermodynamics. The disadvantage of this method is that the system cannot be predicted accurately, and the system cannot be optimized by using the model.
The third direction is neural network modeling of dynamic structures in the field of automation. The method avoids complex calculation and analysis, can establish a relevant model based on the existing monitoring parameters, and has better dynamic characteristics. However, the established model is easy to have the problems of over-saturation or over-fitting, in addition, the training time is long, and subjective factors and the like exist in network training.
The research or modeling means of the preheater in the three directions cannot meet the requirements of flow modeling and process optimization of the cement clinker production process. Therefore, there is a need to develop a cement process preheater modeling method that can cope with flow modeling for process optimization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering comprises a modeling module and a parameter checking module,
the modeling module is used for establishing a plurality of preheater model equation sets;
the parameter checking module is used for carrying out parameter checking on a plurality of preheater model equations in the modeling module.
Further, establishing a plurality of preheater model equations comprises the steps of:
s1) analyzing the physical changes and chemical reactions occurring in the preheater to be modeled;
s2) establishing a preheater model equation set according to the physical change and the chemical reaction which occur in the preheater needing to be modeled;
the preheater model equation set comprises:
gas and solid phase component mass conservation equation set which does not participate in physical change and chemical reaction;
mass transfer equation set of gas and solid phase components participating in physical change and chemical reaction;
an energy balance equation covering the totality of the heat of physical change, the heat of chemical reaction and the heat loss;
a separation efficiency equation, wherein the separation efficiency is the ratio of the dust amount in the flue gas at the outlet of the preheater to the total solid phase amount at the inlet;
the heat exchange efficiency equation is the ratio of the output heat of the actual flue gas to the output heat of the flue gas in ideal complete heat exchange.
Further, parameter verification is carried out on a plurality of preheater model equation sets in the modeling module, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11) acquiring preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement;
s22) establishing a parameter verification module according to the preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement.
Further, the step S22) of establishing a parameter checking module includes the steps of:
s33) taking the preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement in the step S11) as the input quantity of the preheater model equation set in the step S2), and taking the separation efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency as variables;
s44) establishing a planning solution minimum objective function;
s55) solving the minimum objective function of the planning solution according to the input quantity and the variable;
s66) obtaining corrected model parameters with the minimum error with the preheater parameters under the actual working condition, wherein the model parameters comprise separation efficiency and/or heat exchange efficiency;
s77) the corrected model parameters are brought into a preheater model equation set to obtain a corrected cement process preheater model.
Further, the step S44) of establishing a planning solution minimum objective function includes the steps of:
s441) obtaining the outlet temperature { T ] obtained by actually measuring the preheater under the working condition1，T2，...，Tn}，TnThe actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the nth group of actual working conditions;
s442) establishing a planning and solving minimum objective function according to the outlet temperature obtained by actual measurement
TiThe actual outlet temperature T of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditionsi *Is the outlet temperature of the preheater model, mu, corresponding to the actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the ith group of actual operating conditionsiAnd the weight is the ith group of actual working condition weights.
Further, the ith group of actual working condition weights
Wherein ω isjIs the error weight of the jth model parameter, k is the total number of model parameters,
the bias term of the service life of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditions,
is an environment bias term of a cement process preheater system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention provides a concept of heat exchange efficiency based on system engineering, can effectively evaluate the heat exchange effect of the same preheater under different working conditions or different periods, and can also evaluate the heat exchange effect of different preheaters under the same working condition;
2) the cement process preheater model established by the invention needs a small amount of data in the parameter checking stage and can be completely provided by production data or thermal calibration; in addition, the situation of overfitting of the neural network modeling in the prior art can not occur;
3) the cement process preheater model established by the invention is suitable for process modeling, can well predict the running state of the preheater under the same working condition, and can also be suitable for process optimization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering comprises a modeling module and a parameter checking module,
the modeling module is used for establishing a plurality of preheater model equation sets;
the parameter checking module is used for carrying out parameter checking on a plurality of preheater model equations in the modeling module.
Establishing a plurality of preheater model equation sets, comprising the following steps:
s1) analyzing the physical changes and chemical reactions occurring in the preheater to be modeled;
s2) establishing a preheater model equation set according to the physical change and the chemical reaction which occur in the preheater needing to be modeled;
the preheater model equation set comprises:
gas and solid phase component mass conservation equation set which does not participate in physical change and chemical reaction;
mass transfer equation set of gas and solid phase components participating in physical change and chemical reaction;
an energy balance equation covering the totality of the heat of physical change, the heat of chemical reaction and the heat loss;
a separation efficiency equation, wherein the separation efficiency is the ratio of the dust amount in the flue gas at the outlet of the preheater to the total solid phase amount at the inlet;
the heat exchange efficiency equation is the ratio of the output heat of the actual flue gas to the output heat of the flue gas in ideal complete heat exchange.
The parameter calibration is carried out on a plurality of preheater model equations in the modeling module, and the parameter calibration method comprises the following steps:
s11) acquiring preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement;
s22) establishing a parameter verification module according to the preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement.
Further, the step S22) of establishing a parameter checking module includes the steps of:
s33) taking the preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement in the step S11) as the input quantity of the preheater model equation set in the step S2), and taking the separation efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency as variables;
s44), establishing a planning solution minimum objective function, comprising the steps of:
s441) obtaining the outlet temperature { T ] obtained by actually measuring the preheater under the working condition1，T2，...，Tn}，TnThe actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the nth group of actual working conditions;
s442) establishing a planning and solving minimum objective function according to the outlet temperature obtained by actual measurement
TiThe actual outlet temperature T of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditionsi *Is the outlet temperature of the preheater model, mu, corresponding to the actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the ith group of actual operating conditionsiIs the weight of the ith group of actual working conditions,
wherein ω isjIs the error weight of the jth model parameter, k is the total number of model parameters,
the bias term of the service life of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditions,
is an environment bias term of a cement process preheater system.
S55) solving the minimum objective function of the planning solution according to the input quantity and the variable;
s66) obtaining a corrected model parameter with the minimum error with the preheater parameter under the actual working condition, wherein the model parameter comprises the separation efficiency and/or the heat exchange efficiency;
s77) the corrected model parameters are brought into a preheater model equation set to obtain a corrected cement process preheater model.
The invention firstly investigates the condition of the preheater to be modeled and analyzes the physical changes and chemical reactions occurring in the preheater. A preheater model is then established for the physical changes and chemical reactions occurring within the preheater to be modeled. The model comprises a plurality of preheater model equation sets, including a separation efficiency formula equation with the separation efficiency equal to the ratio of the dust amount in the outlet flue gas to the total solid phase amount of the inlet, and a heat exchange efficiency formula equation with the heat exchange efficiency equal to the ratio of the output heat of the actual flue gas to the output heat of the flue gas during ideal complete heat exchange. In the parameter checking module, inlet data obtained through actual measurement is used as input quantity of a preheater model, separation efficiency and heat exchange efficiency are used as variables, and the weighted square sum of relative deviation between outlet temperature in model output quantity and outlet temperature obtained through actual measurement is minimum to be used as a planning solving target. Therefore, planning and solving are carried out, and the separation efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency of the preheater under the working condition are obtained. And finally, substituting the separation efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency obtained by parameter correction into a preheater model to obtain the required preheater model.
By adopting the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained:
the invention provides a concept of heat exchange efficiency based on system engineering, and the concept can effectively evaluate the heat exchange effect of the same preheater under different working conditions or different periods and also can evaluate the heat exchange effect of different preheaters under the same working condition; the cement process preheater model established by the invention needs a small amount of data in the parameter checking stage and can be completely provided by production data or thermal calibration; in addition, the situation of overfitting of the neural network modeling in the prior art can not occur; the cement process preheater model established by the invention is suitable for process modeling, can well predict the running state of the preheater under the same working condition, and can also be suitable for process optimization.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering is characterized by comprising a modeling module and a parameter checking module,
the modeling module is used for establishing a plurality of preheater model equation sets;
the parameter checking module is used for carrying out parameter checking on a plurality of preheater model equations in the modeling module.
2. The cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein establishing a plurality of preheater model equations comprises the steps of:
s1) analyzing the physical changes and chemical reactions occurring in the preheater to be modeled;
s2) establishing a preheater model equation set according to the physical change and the chemical reaction which occur in the preheater needing to be modeled;
the preheater model equation set comprises:
gas and solid phase component mass conservation equation set which does not participate in physical change and chemical reaction;
mass transfer equation set of gas and solid phase components participating in physical change and chemical reaction;
an energy balance equation covering the totality of the heat of physical change, the heat of chemical reaction and the heat loss;
a separation efficiency equation, wherein the separation efficiency is the ratio of the dust amount in the flue gas at the outlet of the preheater to the total solid phase amount at the inlet;
and the heat exchange efficiency is the ratio of the output heat of the actual flue gas to the output heat of the flue gas in ideal complete heat exchange.
3. A cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein parameter verification is performed on a number of preheater model equations in said modeling module comprising the steps of:
s11) acquiring preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement;
s22) establishing a parameter verification module according to the preheater inlet data obtained by actual measurement.
4. The cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering as claimed in claim 3, wherein the establishing of the parameter verification module in step S22) comprises the steps of:
s33) taking the actually measured preheater inlet data obtained in the step S11) as the input quantity of the preheater model equation set in the step S2), and taking the separation efficiency and the heat exchange efficiency as variables;
s44) establishing a planning solution minimum objective function;
s55) solving the planning solving minimum objective function according to the input quantity and the variable;
s66) obtaining corrected model parameters with the minimum error with the preheater parameters under the actual working condition, wherein the model parameters comprise separation efficiency and/or heat exchange efficiency;
s77) the corrected model parameters are brought into the preheater model equation set to obtain a corrected cement process preheater model.
5. The cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step of establishing a planned solution minimum objective function in step S44) comprises the steps of:
s441) obtaining the outlet temperature { T ] obtained by actually measuring the preheater under the working condition1，T2，...，Tn}，TnThe actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the nth group of actual working conditions;
s442) establishing a planning and solving minimum objective function according to the outlet temperature obtained by the actual measurement
TiThe actual outlet temperature T of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditionsi *Is the outlet temperature of the preheater model, mu, corresponding to the actual outlet temperature of the preheater under the ith group of actual operating conditionsiAnd the weight is the ith group of actual working condition weights.
6. The cement process preheater modeling method based on system engineering as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ith group of actual operating condition weights
Wherein ω isjIs the error weight of the jth model parameter, k is the total number of model parameters,
the bias term of the service life of the preheater under the ith group of actual working conditions,
is an environment bias term of a cement process preheater system.
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