CN111177638A - Carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation method for natural gas distributed system based on big data - Google Patents
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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Abstract
A carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method for a natural gas distributed system based on big data comprises the following steps: 1. collecting operation data of each device in the operation and collection natural gas distributed system, and transmitting the operation data to a data center server; 2. matching characteristic information of the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated with characteristic quantity of the region where the system is located in the calculation parameters of the evaluation model; 3. constructing a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation model, and performing carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation calculation; 4. and classifying according to regions and system types, and issuing visual evaluation results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation method for a natural gas distributed system.
Background
At present, fossil energy still accounts for a great proportion of human energy use. Solving the problems of source crisis, environmental protection and the consequent global warming is the top of the world at present. On the Copenhagen climate peak, China makes an important promise in the aspect of carbon dioxide emission reduction. At present, the power supply and heat supply of residents in China mainly depend on the traditional centralized power supply (heat) mode, and the energy utilization efficiency is relatively low. In order to optimize the energy utilization structure, the popularization of a natural gas distributed system is an effective solution. The natural gas distributed system has the main advantages that: in the combined cooling heating and power supply, the utilization rate of energy can be improved by 'gradient utilization' of the energy, and the network loss of long-distance power transmission of a large power grid can be reduced, so that the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced under the condition of meeting the same load requirement.
At present, in the aspect of carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation of a natural gas distributed system, most of researches only aim at a certain system or a certain type of system with small collected sample, small collected range and incomplete collected information as an evaluation target, the distribution rule of each natural gas distributed system in time and space is difficult to reflect, the obtained calculation result cannot accurately and truly reflect the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount of the system, and the system does not have universality. At present, the existing evaluation method in China has no comprehensive evaluation method for carbon dioxide emission reduction of a natural gas distributed system based on big data.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation method of a natural gas distributed system based on big data.
The carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method of the natural gas distributed system based on the big data comprises a set of carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment system of the natural gas distributed system based on the big data, and assessment of carbon dioxide emission reduction conditions in the energy supply and energy utilization processes of the distributed natural gas system is achieved through internet technology platforms such as the big data and cloud computing, and visual display is achieved. According to the invention, the carbon dioxide emission rules of the same type of system at different time and space are mastered by processing and analyzing the mass data of the plurality of natural gas distributed systems, so that reference is provided for the optimized design of the natural gas distributed systems according to local conditions, and the value of the mass data in the industrial field is exerted.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
step 1: collecting operation data;
the method comprises the steps that a data collector of a natural gas distributed system collects the cooling capacity, the heat consumption, the power consumption, the natural gas consumption, the electric quantity transmitted to a power grid by a grid-connected point and the electric quantity obtained from the power grid for the intelligent metering instrument of the natural gas distributed system in an evaluation period, and transmits the data to a data center server;
step 2: analyzing data;
the operation data of the data center are processed through the cloud platform, characteristic parameters of the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated are identified, and then the value of characteristic quantity matched with the characteristic parameters in the evaluation model is determined and used for calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction condition through the evaluation model.
The invention sets an evaluation model in a cloud platform as follows:
in the formula:
Gkgce_loadthe unit of the total standard coal is kg, which is required by meeting all the cooling, heating and power loads of the system in an evaluation period;
Gkgce_NGconverting the natural gas consumption in the evaluation period into the total amount of standard coal in kg;
Gkgce_gridthe unit is kg for the vector sum of the on-grid electric quantity and the off-grid electric quantity in the evaluation period and the total amount of the converted standard coal;
βcoalrepresenting that the average power supply coal consumption unit of the thermal power generating unit is kgce/kWh, and the value is obtained by data published by the national development and improvement committee;
gamma represents the power emission factor in kgCO2The acquisition way of the value is that the national development and improvement committee publishes data, and the corresponding numerical values of different regions in China are inconsistent;
the area of the natural gas distribution system to be evaluated is regarded as the characteristic parameter in the step 2, and the power emission factor gamma is regarded as the characteristic quantity in the step 2.
And 2, processing each original data in the step 1, converting the original data into parameters which can be used for evaluating model calculation, and evaluating the carbon dioxide emission reduction condition of the model calculation.
And step 3: constructing a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation model;
the method for constructing the carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation model comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the consumption of cold and heat loads in a natural gas distributed system, and converting the consumption into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_load＝Qcold×αcold+Qheat×αheat+Pele×αele
In the formula:
Gkgce_loadthe unit of the total standard coal is kg, which is required by meeting all the cooling, heating and power loads of the system in an evaluation period;
Qcoldin order to evaluate the heat consumed by the cold load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αcoldconverting the cooling capacity in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Qheatin order to evaluate the heat consumption of the thermal load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αheatconverting the heat supply in the evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Pelein order to evaluate the electric quantity consumed by the electric load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αeleconverting the power supply amount in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kWh;
in the formula:
(2) calculating natural gas consumption in natural gas distributed system converted into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_NG＝VNG×αNG
In the formula:
Gkgce_NGconverting the natural gas consumption in the evaluation period into the total amount of standard coal in kg;
VNGin order to evaluate the consumed heat of natural gas in the system in a period, the unit is m3；
αNGFor evaluating the conversion of natural gas consumption in a period to a standard coal coefficient, the unit is kgce/m3；
(3) Grid-connected point electric quantity consumption in natural gas distributed system for calculating conversion into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_grid＝(Pup-Pdown)×αele
In the formula:
Gkgce_gridthe unit is kg for the vector sum of the on-grid electric quantity and the off-grid electric quantity in the evaluation period and the total amount of the converted standard coal;
Pupthe unit is kJ for evaluating the online electric quantity of the natural gas distributed system in a period;
Pdownin order to evaluate the off-grid electric quantity of the natural gas distributed system in a period, the unit is kJ;
αeleconverting the power supply amount in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kWh;
(4) calculating standard coal savings in natural gas distributed systems
Gkgce_save＝Gkgce_load-Gkgce_NG+Gkgce_grid
In the formula:
Gkgce_savethe total amount of standard coal in the evaluation period is saved, and the unit is kg;
(5) calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction
Gkgce_loadthe unit of the total standard coal is kg, which is required by meeting all the cooling, heating and power loads of the system in an evaluation period;
Gkgce_NGconverting the natural gas consumption in the evaluation period into the total amount of standard coal in kg;
Gkgce_gridthe unit is kg for the vector sum of the on-grid electric quantity and the off-grid electric quantity in the evaluation period and the total amount of the converted standard coal;
βcoalrepresenting that the average power supply coal consumption unit of the thermal power generating unit is kgce/kWh;
gamma represents the power emission factor in kgCO2/kWh。
And 4, step 4: issuing an evaluation result;
and classifying according to the regions and the types of the natural gas distributed systems to be evaluated, and visually issuing the evaluation results.
The carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation method of the natural gas distributed system based on big data completes evaluation through the cooperative work of three different functional layers such as an energy source layer, a network layer and an application layer.
The energy source layer comprises all energy supplying, energy supplying and energy using equipment in the evaluated natural gas distribution system, including but not limited to a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) unit, a gas boiler, a generator, a waste heat boiler, a lithium bromide absorption unit and the like.
The network layer comprises an intelligent metering instrument, a data acquisition unit, a wireless network and a wired network. The intelligent metering instrument is responsible for metering the energy supply and utilization conditions of each device in the system;
the data acquisition unit can provide communication modes such as an RS232/RS485 serial port, an Ethernet port, a GPRS wireless module and the like, can acquire data of the intelligent metering instrument, can also directly acquire equipment operation data in the system, and then transmits the original acquired data in the system to a data center in a wired network or wireless network mode.
The application layer is responsible for storing original operation data transmitted by each system into a data center, and the original data is subjected to big data processing through a cloud platform and is converted into parameters which can be used for evaluating model calculation; after the evaluation model is calculated, the evaluation result is visually issued, and a user can select a PC (personal computer) end or a smart phone to view the evaluation result through a mobile internet technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the natural gas distribution system topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a natural gas distributed system evaluation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the calculation steps of the natural gas distributed system evaluation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Distributed natural gas distributed systems distributed all over the country are complex systems which operate stably for a long time, an effective means of technologies for carrying out centralized monitoring and analysis on a plurality of systems is a large data platform, and the energy large data platform technology converts complex and huge operation data into simple evaluation results which are easy to understand by people through functions of data integration, processing, storage, analysis, visual release and the like; and moreover, the method is convenient for professionals to find rules and meanings behind carbon dioxide emission data of the natural gas distributed system, and has very important reference significance for the optimal design of the system according to local conditions.
The present invention selects a typical natural gas distribution system for analysis as shown in fig. 1. The system utilizes natural gas to burn to generate high-grade electric energy, and equipment such as a waste heat boiler and a lithium bromide absorption unit can fully and stepwisely utilize low-grade heat energy discharged by a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) unit or heat energy generated by a gas boiler to meet the requirements of cold and heat loads. The typical natural gas distributed system belongs to an energy layer of the evaluation system and provides original operation data for the carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation system of the natural gas distributed system based on big data.
The network layer comprises an intelligent metering instrument, a data acquisition unit, a wireless network and a wired network. The intelligent metering instrument is responsible for metering the energy supply and utilization conditions of each device in the system;
the data acquisition unit can provide communication modes such as an RS232/RS485 serial port, an Ethernet port, a GPRS wireless module and the like, can acquire data of the intelligent metering instrument, can also directly acquire equipment operation data in the system, and then transmits the original acquired data in the system to a data center in a wired network or wireless network mode.
The application layer in the carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation system of the natural gas distributed system is responsible for storing the transmitted original operation data of each evaluated natural gas distributed system into the data center, carrying out big data processing on the original data through the cloud platform, and converting the original data into parameters which can be used for evaluation model calculation, and the specific steps are as follows:
step 1: collecting operation data;
the data acquisition unit of the natural gas distributed system acquires the cooling capacity, the heat consumption, the power consumption, the natural gas consumption, the electric quantity transmitted to the power grid by the grid-connected point and the electric quantity obtained from the power grid which are measured by the intelligent metering instrument in the evaluation period, and transmits the data to the data center server;
step 2: analyzing data;
the operation data of the data center are processed through the cloud platform, characteristic parameters of the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated are identified, and then the value of characteristic quantity matched with the characteristic parameters in the evaluation model is determined, so that the calculation of the evaluation model in the next step is facilitated.
And step 3: constructing a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation model;
the evaluation model set in the cloud platform of the invention is as follows:
in the formula:
Gkgce_loadthe unit of the total standard coal is kg, which is required by meeting all the cooling, heating and power loads of the system in an evaluation period;
Gkgce_NGconverting the natural gas consumption in the evaluation period into the total amount of standard coal in kg;
Gkgce_gridthe unit is kg for the vector sum of the on-grid electric quantity and the off-grid electric quantity in the evaluation period and the total amount of the converted standard coal;
βcoalrepresenting the average power supply coal consumption of the thermal power generating unit, wherein the unit is kgce/kWh, and the value is obtained by publishing data for national development and improvement committee;
gamma represents the power emission factor in kgCO2The acquisition way of the value is that the national development and improvement committee publishes data, and the corresponding numerical values of different regions in China are inconsistent;
the area of the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated is regarded as the characteristic parameter in the step 2, and the power emission factor gamma is regarded as the characteristic quantity in the step 2;
and 2, processing each original data in the step 1, converting the original data into parameters which can be used for evaluating model calculation, and evaluating the carbon dioxide emission reduction condition of the model calculation.
The specific steps of constructing the evaluation model are as follows:
(1) calculating the consumption of cold and heat loads in a natural gas distributed system, and converting the consumption into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_load＝Qcold×αcold+Qheat×αheat+Pele×αele
In the formula:
Qcoldin order to evaluate the heat consumed by the cold load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αcoldconverting the cooling capacity in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Qheatin order to evaluate the heat consumption of the thermal load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αheatconverting the heat supply in the evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Peleto evaluate the amount of power consumed by the electrical loads in the system during a cycle,the unit is kJ;
αeleconverting the power supply amount in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kWh;
in the formula:
(2) calculating natural gas consumption in natural gas distributed system converted into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_NG＝VNG×αNG
In the formula:
VNGin order to evaluate the consumed heat of natural gas in the system in a period, the unit is m3；
αNGFor evaluating the conversion of natural gas consumption in a period to a standard coal coefficient, the unit is kgce/m3；
(3) Calculating grid-connected point electricity consumption in natural gas distributed system converted into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_grid＝(Pup-Pdown)×αele
In the formula:
Pupthe unit is kJ for evaluating the online electric quantity of the natural gas distributed system in a period;
Pdownin order to evaluate the off-grid electric quantity of the natural gas distributed system in a period, the unit is kJ;
(4) calculating standard coal savings in natural gas distributed systems
Gkgce_save＝Gkgce_load-Gkgce_NG+Gkgce_grid
In the formula:
Gkgce_savethe total amount of coal is saved for the natural gas distributed system standard coal in the evaluation period, and the unit is kg;
(5) calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction
And 4, step 4: issuing an evaluation result;
and classifying according to regions and the types of the natural gas distributed systems to be evaluated, visually issuing the evaluation results, and enabling a user to select a PC (personal computer) end or a smart phone to check the evaluation results through a mobile internet technology.
The advantages of the invention are embodied in that:
1. the method is used for evaluating and calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction condition of the natural gas distributed system in different areas based on the big data technology, and the evaluation result is more accurate.
2. The evaluation result obtained after the evaluation and analysis based on the big data technology is beneficial to professional personnel to mine the rule of carbon dioxide emission situation behind the original operation data of the distributed natural gas system.
3. The evaluation result obtained after the big data technology evaluation analysis provides reference for system optimization, and is beneficial for professionals to optimally design the system according to local conditions.
Claims (5)
1. A carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method for a natural gas distributed system based on big data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring the cold consumption, heat consumption, electricity consumption, natural gas consumption, electric quantity transmitted to a power grid by a grid-connected point and electric quantity obtained from the power grid for the natural gas distributed system, which are measured by an intelligent measuring instrument in an evaluation period, through a data acquisition unit of the natural gas distributed system, and transmitting the data to a data center server;
step 2, processing the operation data of the data center through a cloud platform, identifying characteristic parameters of the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated, and then determining the value of characteristic quantity matched with the characteristic parameters in an evaluation model for calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction condition through the evaluation model;
step 3, constructing a carbon dioxide emission reduction evaluation model;
and 4, step 4: and classifying according to the regions and the types of the natural gas distributed systems to be evaluated, and issuing visual evaluation results.
2. The big data based carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method for natural gas distributed system according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation model of the step 2 is as follows:
in the formula:
Gkgce_loadthe unit of the total standard coal is kg for meeting the total standard coal amount required by all cooling, heating and power loads of a natural gas distributed system in an evaluation period;
Gkgce_NGconverting the natural gas consumption in the evaluation period into the total amount of standard coal in kg;
Gkgce_gridthe unit is kg for the vector sum of the on-grid electric quantity and the off-grid electric quantity in the evaluation period and the total amount of the converted standard coal;
βcoalrepresenting the average power supply coal consumption of the thermal power generating unit, wherein the unit is kgce/kWh;
gamma represents the power emission factor in kgCO2/kWh。
3. The carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method for the natural gas distributed system based on big data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment model in the step 3 is as follows:
(1) calculating the consumption of cold and heat loads in a natural gas distributed system, and converting the consumption into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_load＝Qcold×αcold+Qheat×αheat+Pele×αele
In the formula:
Qcoldin order to evaluate the heat consumed by cold load in a natural gas distributed system in a period, the unit is kJ;
αcoldconverting the cooling capacity in an evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Qheatto evaluateThe heat load of the natural gas distributed system in the period consumes heat, and the unit is kJ;
αheatconverting the heat supply in the evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient with the unit of kgce/kJ;
Pelein order to evaluate the electric quantity consumed by the electric load in the system in the period, the unit is kJ;
αeleconverting the power supply amount in the evaluation period into a standard coal coefficient unit of kgce/kWh;
(2) calculating natural gas consumption in natural gas distributed system by converting into standard coal quantity
Gkgce_NG＝VNG×αNG
In the formula:
VNGthe unit of consumed heat of the natural gas in the system in the evaluation period is m3；
αNGFor evaluating the conversion of natural gas consumption in a period to a standard coal coefficient, the unit is kgce/m3；
(3) Calculating the power consumption of the grid-connected point in the system by converting the converted standard coal quantity into the standard coal quantity
Gkgce_grid＝(Pup-Pdown)×αele
In the formula:
Pupthe unit of the system network access electric quantity in the evaluation period is kJ;
Pdownthe unit is kJ for evaluating the off-grid electric quantity of the system in a period;
(4) computing savings in coal in a system
Gkgce_save＝Gkgce_load-Gkgce_NG+Gkgce_grid
In the formula:
Gkgce_savethe total amount of standard coal in the evaluation period is saved, and the unit is kg;
(5) calculating the carbon dioxide emission reduction
4. The big-data-based evaluation method for carbon dioxide emission reduction of the natural gas distributed system, according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic parameter in the step 2 is a region where the natural gas distributed system to be evaluated is located, and the characteristic quantity is an electric power emission factor γ.
5. The carbon dioxide emission reduction assessment method for the big data based natural gas distributed system according to claim 1, wherein the assessment method is realized by the cooperative work of an energy source layer, a network layer and a device layer;
the energy layer comprises all energy supply, energy transmission and energy utilization equipment in the natural gas distributed system, and the energy supply, energy transmission and energy utilization equipment comprises a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) unit, a gas boiler, a generator, a waste heat boiler and a lithium bromide absorption type unit;
the network layer comprises an intelligent metering instrument, a data acquisition unit, a wireless network and a wired network; the intelligent metering instrument is responsible for metering the energy supply and utilization conditions of each device in the system;
the data acquisition unit provides communication modes such as an RS232/RS485 serial port, an Ethernet port, a GPRS wireless module and the like, acquires data of the intelligent metering instrument or directly acquires equipment operation data in the system, and then transmits the original acquired data in the system to a data center in a wired network or wireless network mode;
the application layer stores original operation data transmitted by each system to a data center, and performs big data processing on the original data through a cloud platform to convert the original data into parameters which can be used for evaluating model calculation; after the evaluation model is calculated, the evaluation result is visually issued, and a user selects a PC (personal computer) terminal or a smart phone to check the evaluation result through a mobile internet technology.
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