CN111175117B - Method for detecting load of vertical structure of existing building by intercepting concrete structure test piece - Google Patents
Method for detecting load of vertical structure of existing building by intercepting concrete structure test piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN111175117B CN111175117B CN201911380505.4A CN201911380505A CN111175117B CN 111175117 B CN111175117 B CN 111175117B CN 201911380505 A CN201911380505 A CN 201911380505A CN 111175117 B CN111175117 B CN 111175117B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by vibrating string
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the load of an existing building vertical structure by intercepting a concrete structure test piece. According to the invention, the concrete structure test piece is cut out from the side surface of the vertical structure of the existing building, the strain of the concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction is measured through the vibrating wire strain gauge, and the vertical load of the existing building structure is calculated through the elastic modulus formula. Meanwhile, the invention provides important data support for the reinforcement design of the building, and especially plays an extremely important role in the deviation rectifying and reinforcing engineering of the building pile foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting the load of an existing building vertical structure by intercepting a concrete structure test piece.
Background
With the development of economy and the expansion of population, land resources are increasingly in short supply, and more high-rise buildings are pulled out of the ground to meet the requirements of economic activities and living of people. Theoretically, the vertical structure of a high-rise building uniformly bears the vertical load of the high-rise building, and the magnitude of the load can be obtained through calculation; however, in practical situations, the building is inclined due to factors such as uneven settlement of the foundation of the building, so that the vertical load of the building structure is redistributed, and the vertical load capacity of each vertical load-bearing structure is greatly changed.
In order to ensure the structural safety of the building, the existing building foundation which is inclined needs to be reinforced and corrected, and the stress of the vertical structure is recovered to the original design state as much as possible. Therefore, the method for measuring and calculating the vertical load capacity born by each vertical bearing structure of the existing building with uneven settlement is an important reference basis for implementing reinforcement and is an essential working link for ensuring the reinforcement effect and the building safety. At present, the technology for detecting the vertical load of the existing building is relatively lacked, so that an effective method for detecting the vertical structure load of the existing building is urgently needed to assist in reinforcing the existing building structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a reliable method for detecting vertical loads on existing building structures. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of an existing building by intercepting a concrete structure test piece comprises the steps of intercepting the concrete structure test piece on the vertical structure of the existing building, detecting the vertical strain of the concrete structure test piece by adopting a vibrating wire strain gauge, and calculating the magnitude of the vertical load borne by the vertical structure of the building according to the elastic modulus of the existing building structure.
The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece comprises the following steps:
1) installing a strain gauge: determining the position, shape and size of a concrete structure test piece on an existing building vertical structure to be detected; mounting a vibrating wire strain gauge at the concrete structure test piece to be intercepted, and simultaneously recording the initial height of the concrete structure test piece to be intercepted, which is recorded as L1;
2) cutting out a test piece: cutting the concrete structure test piece together with the vibrating wire strainometer according to the position, size and shape of the concrete structure test piece determined in the step 1), and recording the height of the concrete structure test piece after being taken out through the vibrating wire strainometer as L2;
3) and (4) calculating stress: calculating the stress p borne by the concrete structure test piece by using an elastic modulus calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
p＝Ec·ε
in the formula，EcThe elastic modulus value obtained by table look-up according to the intercepted concrete strength of the concrete structure test piece is as follows: n/mm2；
p is the stress of the vertical load effect that the concrete structure test piece of intercepting received before not intercepting, and the unit: n/mm2；
Epsilon is the strain amount of the cut concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction, and the relationship between epsilon and L1 and L2 is as follows:
ε＝(L2－L1)/L1。
4) and (3) load calculation: according to the vertical load acting stress of the concrete structure test piece obtained by calculation in the step 3), further calculating the vertical load on the existing building vertical structure to be detected:
F＝S·p
in the formula: f is the vertical load of the concrete vertical structure, unit: n; s is the area, unit of the cross section of the existing building vertical structure to be measured: mm is2。
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step 1), the concrete structure test piece is cut, and the cut position is located on one side surface of the existing building vertical structure to be detected.
As a further preferable technical solution, the concrete structure test piece is rectangular in shape.
As a further preferable technical solution, the depth of the cut concrete structure test piece is greater than or equal to two times of the width thereof, so as to facilitate the cut and the taking out of the concrete structure test piece.
As a preferable technical scheme, the vibrating wire strain gauge is vertically installed at the center of the longitudinal section of the concrete structure test piece.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step 2), the method for cutting the concrete structure test piece is to cut the concrete structure test piece according to a predetermined size by using a portable diamond grinder.
As a further preferable technical solution, the cutting sequence of the cut concrete structure test piece is as follows: firstly cutting two vertical parallel lines, wherein the distance between the two vertical parallel lines is the width of the concrete structure test piece, then installing a vibrating wire strain gauge and then cutting the upper end and the lower end of the concrete structure test piece.
As a still more preferable aspect, the distance between the upper and lower ends of the concrete structure test piece is generally 10cm to 25cm, depending on the length of the vibrating wire strain gauge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is simple and reliable, a concrete structure test piece is cut from the side surface of the existing building vertical structure to be detected, the strain of the concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction is measured through the vibrating wire strain gauge, and then the vertical load of the existing building vertical structure is calculated. The method has the advantages of small destructiveness to the existing building structure, convenient implementation, strong result reliability and good use value in the engineering field. In addition, the method can also provide important data support for the later stage reinforcing scheme of the building, particularly plays an extremely important role in pile foundation deviation rectifying and reinforcing engineering, can accurately measure the vertical load of each pile, and ensures that the deviation rectifying and reinforcing work can be smoothly completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section view of a device for detecting the load of an existing building vertical structure by cutting a concrete structure test piece according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the vertical structure of the existing building; 2. a concrete structure test piece; 3. a vibrating wire strain gauge; l1, vertical height before cutting out the concrete structure test piece; l2, and the vertical height of the concrete structure test piece after cutting; b. cutting a transverse width of the concrete structure test piece; a. the depth of the concrete structure specimen.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for detecting the load of an existing building vertical structure by intercepting a concrete structure test piece.
Generally, an elastic body is deformed by applying an external force, and the "elastic modulus" is generally defined as: the stress in the unidirectional stress state is divided by the strain in that direction. According to the invention, the vertical structure of the building is an elastic body, and the elastic body elastically deforms under the action of vertical load, the strain of the deformation in the vertical direction can be detected by the vibrating wire strain gauge, and the intercepted stress in the vertical direction of the concrete structure test piece can be reversely calculated under the condition of known elastic modulus, so that the vertical load capacity of the whole vertical structure is calculated.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The specific embodiment is as follows:
example 1
The present embodiment is to detect the vertical load carried by a frame column structure of an existing building, the size of the cross section of the frame column structure is 300mm × 300mm, and the design strength of the frame column structure is that the frame column structure is constructed by using C40 concrete.
The specific detection steps are as follows:
1) installing a strain gauge: and determining the position, shape and size of a concrete structure test piece on one side surface of the existing building load-bearing frame column structure to be detected. In the embodiment, the shape of the intercepted concrete structure test piece is selected to be rectangular, in other embodiments, the shape of the test piece can also be circular or other shapes, and the intercepted test piece is required to have small damage to a building structure and be beneficial to releasing vertical load force, so that the measured and calculated load is more accurate. The height of the cut concrete structure test piece is not too large, the height is adjusted according to needs, a vibrating wire strain gauge can be installed on the test piece, and the height of the cut concrete structure test piece is 10 cm-25 cm in general. After the position of the concrete structure test piece is determined to be cut, a portable diamond grinder is adopted to cut two vertical parallel lines according to the width of the concrete structure test piece, then a vibrating wire strain gauge is mounted at the center of the end face of the concrete structure test piece to be cut along the cylindrical surface, and the initial height L1 of the concrete structure test piece is measured, as shown in figures 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the height of the cut concrete structure test piece is 15cm, that is, L1 is 15cm, the cross-sectional width of the concrete structure test piece is 2cm, and the depth is 4 cm.
2) Cutting out a test piece: cutting the concrete structure test piece at the upper end and the lower end according to the height of the concrete structure test piece determined in the step 1), and then taking out the concrete structure test piece together with the vibrating wire strain gauge. The intercepted concrete structure test piece loses constraint and generates certain resilience, the vertical length of the test piece is increased, the height of the concrete structure test piece is recorded by the vibrating wire strain gauge to be L2-15.0048 cm, and therefore the strain epsilon of the intercepted concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction is 320 multiplied by 10-6This value can also be read by a vibrating wire strain gauge.
3) And (4) calculating stress: those skilled in the art will appreciate that the elastic modulus calculation formula is: ecP/epsilon wherein EcIs the value of the concrete elastic modulus with the unit of N/mm2(ii) a p is the stress in the measured direction in N/mm2(ii) a ε is the strain in the measured direction. Since the frame pillar structure to be inspected in this embodiment is constructed of C40 concrete, the elastic modulus value thereof is 3.25 × 10 by looking up the table4N/mm2(ii) a The strain epsilon in the vertical direction is measured by a vibrating wire strain gauge: epsilon (L2-L1)/L1 (320 x 10)-6. Therefore, the vertical load stress p borne by the concrete structure test piece before interception can be reversely calculated as follows:
p＝Ec·ε＝3.25×104×320×10-6＝10.4N/mm2
in the formula: ecThe elastic modulus value obtained by table look-up according to the intercepted concrete strength of the concrete structure test piece is as follows: n/mm2(ii) a p is the vertical load acting force that the concrete structure test piece of intercepting received before not intercepting, the unit: n; and epsilon is the strain of the intercepted concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction.
4) And (3) load calculation: further calculating the vertical load on the existing building vertical structure to be detected according to the vertical load acting force of the concrete structure test piece obtained by calculation in the step 3), and calculating as follows:
F＝S·p＝300×300×10.4＝936KN
in the formula: f is the load value of the concrete vertical structure, unit: n; sFor the area of the existing building vertical structure cross section that awaits measuring, the unit: mm is2。
Example 2
The embodiment provides important data support for the pile foundation rectification reinforcement project of a certain existing high-rise building (34 floors with the total height of 100 meters) in Nanjing. Due to the construction quality problem, the bearing capacity of the pile foundation of the existing high-rise building is insufficient, so that the foundation is greatly settled, the average settlement value of the building when the main structure is capped reaches 221mm and is uneven settlement, the inclination rate reaches four thousandths to three, the settlement rate is 0.35mm/d, and the settlement exceeds the national standard. Pile repairing and reinforcing are required to be carried out on the foundation, and the deviation of the building is corrected by adopting a pile-cutting forced landing method. The original designed pile type is a prestressed high-strength concrete pipe pile, the model number of the pipe pile is PHC-600(130) AB-C80, and the single pile design characteristic value is 2700KN and the limiting value is 5400 KN. Because the pile end resistance of the project is large, and the actual bearing capacity value of each pile is greatly different due to the construction quality problem. If the actual bearing capacity of the existing pile is not detected when the original pile is forced to descend, the pile is cut blindly, because the bearing capacity of some piles is extremely small, the pile cutting is ineffective, and the bearing capacity of some piles reaches a limit value to cause the burst of the pile, so that the safety of the whole building structure is influenced, and even the possibility of toppling over of the building is caused. The piles with higher bearing capacity must first be cut off to redistribute the stress of the superstructure to ensure structural safety. Therefore, the detection of the pile position with larger bearing capacity is very important and is the main basis for guiding the deviation rectifying construction of pile cutting.
In this embodiment, the concrete strength grade of the vertical load-bearing concrete tubular pile is C80, the section diameter is 600mm, the wall thickness is 130mm, and the concrete section area is 237384mm2. Similarly, a concrete test piece is cut out from the side surface of the concrete tubular pile, the vertical load capacity of the tubular pile is detected, and the specific detection implementation steps are the same as those in embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the strain of the cut concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction is 895 × 10 ∈-6The vertical load stress p which is applied before the cutting is as follows:
p＝Ec·ε＝3.8×104×895×10-6＝34N/mm2。
therefore, the vertical load on the existing building vertical structure to be detected is further calculated as follows:
F＝S·p＝237384×34＝8071KN。
the force value far exceeds the limit bearing capacity 5400KN of the single pile of the type, the possibility of pile burst is very high, and therefore the forced drop of pile cutting on the concrete pipe pile can be judged. The detection method can accurately detect the vertical load of each pile, and plays an extremely important role in deviation rectification and reinforcement of the engineering pile foundation. Therefore, the invention provides important data support for the reinforcement and correction work of the engineering, and the correction and reinforcement work can be successfully completed.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting a concrete structure test piece is characterized in that: a concrete structure test piece is cut on a vertical structure of an existing building, a vibrating wire strain gauge is adopted to detect the vertical strain of the concrete structure test piece, and the size of a vertical load borne by the vertical structure of the building is calculated according to the elastic modulus of the existing building structure;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) installing a strain gauge: determining the position, shape and size of a concrete structure test piece on an existing building vertical structure to be detected; then installing a vibrating wire strain gauge at the concrete structure test piece to be intercepted, and simultaneously recording the initial height of the concrete structure test piece to be intercepted, and recording the initial height as L1;
2) cutting out a test piece: according to the position, size and shape of the concrete structure test piece determined in the step 1), cutting the concrete structure test piece together with the vibrating wire strain gauge, and recording the height change of the concrete structure test piece through the vibrating wire strain gauge as L2;
3) and (4) calculating stress: calculating the stress p borne by the concrete structure test piece by using an elastic modulus calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
p＝Ec·ε
in the formula, EcThe elastic modulus value obtained by table look-up according to the intercepted concrete strength of the concrete structure test piece is as follows: n/mm2；
p is the stress of the vertical load effect that the concrete structure test piece of intercepting received before not intercepting, and the unit: n/mm2；
Epsilon is the strain of the intercepted concrete structure test piece in the vertical direction; the relationship between L1 and L2 is as follows:
ε＝(L2－L1)/L1；
4) and (3) load calculation: further calculating the vertical load on the existing building vertical structure to be detected according to the vertical load action stress of the concrete structure test piece obtained by calculation in the step 3), wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
F＝S·p
in the formula, F is the vertical load on the existing building vertical structure that waits to detect, and the unit: n; s is the area, unit, of the cross section of the existing building vertical structure to be detected: mm is2。
2. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the concrete structure test piece is cut, and the cut position is located on one side face of the existing building vertical structure to be detected.
3. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the concrete structure test piece is rectangular.
4. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the depth of the concrete structure test piece is greater than or equal to two times of the width of the concrete structure test piece, so that the concrete structure test piece can be cut off and taken out conveniently.
5. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 1), the vibrating wire strain gauge is vertically installed at the center of the longitudinal section of the concrete structure test piece.
6. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 2), the method for cutting the concrete structure test piece adopts a portable diamond grinding machine to cut according to the determined size.
7. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cutting sequence of the intercepted concrete structure test piece is as follows: firstly cutting two vertical parallel lines, wherein the distance between the two vertical parallel lines is the width of the concrete structure test piece, then installing a vibrating wire strain gauge and then cutting the upper end and the lower end of the concrete structure test piece.
8. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 7, is characterized in that: and cutting the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the concrete structure test piece according to the length of the vibrating wire strain gauge.
9. The method for detecting the load of the vertical structure of the existing building by intercepting the concrete structure test piece according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the distance between the upper end and the lower end of the cutting is 10 cm-25 cm.
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| CN114809713A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏东南特种技术工程有限公司 | Real-time intelligent control method and system for inclination correction and reinforcement of high-rise building |
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| JP4378241B2 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2009-12-02 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Vertical loading test method for existing piles |
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