CN111174825A - Line concentration box capable of being accessed to various sensors and sensor management method thereof - Google Patents
Line concentration box capable of being accessed to various sensors and sensor management method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a line concentration box capable of accessing various types of sensors, which comprises a main node and a plurality of branch nodes respectively connected with the main node, wherein the main node comprises a main node processor, a network interface module, a wireless transmission module and a line concentrator, the main node processor is connected with the wireless transmission module and is connected with the line concentrator through the network interface module, the branch nodes comprise branch node processors, a HUB network interface and a sensor data acquisition module, the branch node processors are connected with the line concentrator through the HUB network interface, the sensor data acquisition module is used for acquiring sensor data, and the sensor data comprises identity information of the sensors. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of equipment cost saving, high data transmission accuracy, good real-time performance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sensors, in particular to a wire collecting box capable of being accessed to various types of sensors and a sensor management method thereof.
Background
The method is a main method for carrying out real-time and accurate evaluation on the safety of the building structure, is an important means for replacing traditional manual detection, realizing maintenance and repair prediction and guaranteeing the safety, reliability and durability of bridges and large building structures, and has great significance for avoiding potential catastrophic events, ensuring normal operation and preventing major public safety accidents caused by structural disasters.
In the current state monitoring system of large building structures and urban infrastructure structures, the wireless sensor network solves the problem of distributed sensor data acquisition, is suitable for a test environment with a longer transmission distance, can realize real-time and continuous automatic monitoring, does not need the intervention of technical staff on duty, and is particularly suitable for the acquisition and transmission of safety detection data which cannot be directly carried out by workers under severe environment conditions, but is arranged aiming at multiple types of sensors at a single position, and does not need to arrange a plurality of wireless sensor collectors under the condition of small distance, so that the access number of wireless sensor network nodes is numerous, and intensive arrangement of the sensor collection nodes wastes equipment resources, generates higher expense cost and can also cause the mutual influence of peripheral data collection equipment. Therefore, in many engineering applications, a line concentrator is adopted for convenient integration, and a plurality of sensors are merged into the same line concentrator, so that the cost is saved.
The utility model discloses a foundation ditch deviational survey automatic monitoring system, including PVC deviational survey pipe and line concentration case, settle a plurality of deviational surveys appearance in PVC deviational survey pipe, draw forth the wire and concentrate to the line concentration incasement by deviational survey appearance one end, the line concentration case includes the box, concentrator module, wireless digital transmission module, digital signal output module and solar cell panel, the concentrator module is connected to the deviational survey appearance, concentrator module, digital signal output module and wireless digital transmission module connect gradually, the deviational survey appearance includes synchronous machine and scout.
The hub box in this system has access to a single type of inclinometer sensor.
The utility model with publication number CN203940886U discloses a space two-dimensional three-dimensional stress-strain monitoring platform, which comprises an information acquisition device, an optical fiber monitoring device, a line concentration box and a space two-dimensional three-dimensional stress-strain sensor arranged in a structure body to be tested; the space two-dimensional three-dimensional stress-strain sensor is used for sensing stress-strain information generated by the structural body to be detected under the action of external factors; the optical fiber monitoring device is connected with the spatial two-dimensional three-dimensional stress-strain sensor through the line concentration box to monitor the structural body to be detected; the information acquisition device is connected with the optical fiber monitoring device and used for capturing and storing optical fiber monitoring data and displaying monitoring information.
The header in the platform is interfaced with a single type of stress-strain sensor.
Utility model with publication number CN208398935U discloses a dam measuring device, include: at least one automatic line concentration box of dam monitoring instruments, wherein each automatic line concentration box comprises at least one channel interface; the sensor is connected with the at least one channel interface and used for acquiring at least one parameter of the dam to be detected, and each parameter is used for indicating the safety state of the dam; a communication cable for connecting the at least one sensor and the at least one channel interface; the cable clamp sleeve is arranged at the cable interface of the at least one sensor and the at least one channel interface and is in a screwed state; the system comprises at least one communication bus, at least one dam monitoring instrument automatic line concentration box and a plurality of monitoring devices, wherein the communication bus is used for networking the at least one dam monitoring instrument automatic line concentration box; and the reading instrument is connected with the automatic line concentration box of the at least one dam monitoring instrument and is used for reading the measurement data of any one or more automatic line concentration boxes in the at least one automatic line concentration box.
The device does not give the access of the line concentration box to a single type of sensor or a plurality of types of sensors, and the reading of the sensor data is in the form of a thread reading meter.
In summary, the line concentrator in the current system and engineering application is accessed by a single type of sensor.
The prior art has the following defects:
1. monitoring the state of the whole structure state of a large building structure and a city infrastructure, when a measuring sensor is installed in a measuring environment, measuring to obtain the voltage value or the current value of the sensor, then externally connecting a reading instrument through the sensor to obtain a measuring result, or connecting a sensor data acquisition system after wiring for a long distance from a measuring site, and calculating a measuring value by the data acquisition system according to a calibration table provided by a sensor manufacturer; or the wireless sensor measuring node is adopted to measure the parameters and then the parameters are sent to the receiving end in a wireless transmission mode to receive the data. No matter which mode is adopted, a plurality of sensors of the same type or a plurality of different types are deployed at the position of the same measuring point, the data acquisition problem of the sensors of the same type and the same position and the problem of sensor density exist under the condition, particularly, the measurement and control system for acquiring and transmitting the sensor data by adopting a wireless transmission mode, and the problem that the device resources are wasted, the higher cost is generated, and the mutual influence of peripheral data acquisition devices is caused by the dense deployment of the sensor acquisition nodes is solved.
2. On the engineering site, when a reading instrument with a function of storing measurement data and capable of communicating with a computer is used for on-site measurement, two problems which cannot be solved due to the fact that sensors cannot identify are frequently encountered, firstly, measured values of different sensors are very similar, and more than two sensor cables at the same point are difficult to distinguish after being cut off; secondly, the measured data of the sensors are stored in the reading instrument and then transmitted to the computer, but the computer cannot calculate and process the measured data in real time, and the measured data of each sensor are very similar even if being manually identified because the measured data are sorted according to time, so that the storage and communication functions of the reading instrument without the sensor identification at present are difficult to process the data of multiple sensors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the line concentration box is accessed by a single type of sensor and the identity of the sensor corresponding to the measured data is difficult to determine in the prior art, and provides the line concentration box capable of being accessed to a plurality of types of sensors and the sensor management method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an accessible polymorphic type sensor's line concentration case, includes a main node and connects respectively a plurality of minute nodes of main node, the main node includes main node treater, network interface module, wireless transmission module and concentrator, the main node treater is connected wireless transmission module, and passes through network interface module connects the concentrator, minute node includes minute node treater, HUB network interface and sensor data acquisition module, minute node treater sensor data acquisition module, and pass through HUB network interface connects the concentrator, sensor data acquisition module is used for gathering sensor data, includes the identity information of sensor in this sensor data.
Further, the sub-node processor converts the sensor data into an ethernet data packet and then sends the ethernet data packet to the main node; and the main node processor unpacks the received Ethernet data packet, integrates the sensor data according to the identity information of the sensor, and sequentially compresses and packs the data and then sends the data to the distributed wireless network.
Furthermore, the main node also comprises a synchronous dynamic random access memory and a storage, and the synchronous dynamic random access memory and the storage are both connected with the main node processor to ensure the storage and processing requirements of data.
Further, the master controller of the master node in a DSP mode is processed into an ARM Cortex-M4 architecture for sensor information processing; the total node comprises a self-adaptive Ethernet physical layer interface with low power consumption and a plurality of intelligent energy-saving states and a network interface module.
Furthermore, the node processor is an ARM Cortex-M framework, the clock is increased to 72MHz as a main frequency through internal PLL phase-locked loop frequency multiplication, an on-chip RAM and a Flash are provided, 2 mutually independent 12-bit 16-channel ADCs are arranged outside, two independent 7-channel DMA, 8 16-bit timers, 3 SPI interfaces, 2I 2S interfaces, 2I 2C interfaces, 3 USART interfaces, an SDIO interface, 1 CAN interface and a USB interface are arranged outside, and the access and data acquisition of various sensors CAN be carried out.
Furthermore, the wireless transmission module comprises a WSN network RF transceiver adopting IEEE802.15.4 specification, is used for managing a wireless network protocol stack and managing the power consumption of the whole node, provides power amplification and linear low-noise amplification of 2.4GHz, and can support point-to-point transmission of 1.6 kilometers in a sight distance range and serial transparent transmission.
The invention also provides a sensor management method of the line concentration box capable of being accessed to the multi-type sensors, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the sub-node accesses the sensor and then sends an access application to the main node;
s2: the main node requests the sub-node for identity information verification;
s3: the sub-nodes send the identity information of the sensor to the main node;
s4: the master node compares the identity information with pre-stored registration table information, and if the registration table information contains the identity information, the step S5 is performed; if the identity information is not contained, configuring and initializing a new node, and then performing step S5;
s5: and collecting and transmitting data.
Further, the identity information of the sensor and the registration registry information both include static identity information and dynamic identity information, the static identity information includes manufacturer information, factory ID, factory sequence version number, sensor type and/or power consumption level information, and the dynamic identity information includes collector node number, hub box number, sensor priority, state information, continuous operating time and/or total operating time information.
Furthermore, the method also comprises the step that when the main node is accessed to a sub-node, the main node carries out identity information verification, registration register table modification, node parameter configuration and/or calculation model initialization according to the static identity information transmitted by the sub-node.
Furthermore, the method also comprises the step that the main node respectively estimates the running state of the sensor and calculates and manages the energy consumption according to the dynamic identity information transmitted by each sub-node in the data acquisition process.
Furthermore, the method also comprises the step that the main node distributes and manages the data acquisition priority, performs fusion management of the multi-sensor information of the same point position, multi-sensor data integration, compression, storage and wireless transmission management on all the sub-nodes and receives and issues management information of the distributed wireless network main control computer according to the static identity information and the dynamic identity information of all the sub-nodes which are accessed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the line concentration box is provided with a plurality of branch nodes which can be connected with various types of sensors, so that the plurality of sensors of different types at the same position are merged into the same line concentration box, the problems of installation congestion and waste of equipment resources caused by the fact that a plurality of sensor collectors need to be installed and arranged under the condition of small distance at the same position and the problem of mutual influence of peripheral data acquisition equipment caused by dense node equipment are solved, the equipment cost is saved, and the accuracy of sensor data is improved.
(2) The line concentration box is provided with the main node, the data collected by all the sub-nodes are processed in a centralized mode and transmitted to the distributed wireless network through the wireless transmission module, the problem that the data collected by a plurality of sensors arranged at the same position in a small distance are difficult to transmit in a wireless mode is solved, and the real-time performance of data transmission of the sensors is improved.
(3) The invention ensures the integrity and high efficiency of data transmission through the sensor management combined with the dynamic and static identity information, reduces the running cost of multiple sensors, reduces the operation complexity of field operation and reduces the transmission load of a network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the hub of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-type sensor identity recognition and management process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for managing a single sub-node by a master node according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for managing all subnodes by a master node in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a line concentration box capable of being accessed to various types of sensors and a sensor management method thereof, which can collect and merge various types of sensor node acquisition data of high-density data acquisition points into an open distributed network, simultaneously does not influence the operation of peripheral data acquisition equipment, fully utilizes various existing sensors and data acquisition devices, integrates the data, then leads out and distributes the data to a wireless sensor network in real time, simultaneously ensures the integrity and the high efficiency of data transmission, reduces the operation cost of the multiple sensors, reduces the operation complexity of field operation, and reduces the transmission load of the network.
The following is a detailed description:
wire collecting box
As shown in fig. 1, the line concentrator of this embodiment is formed by a layout of a main node and a plurality of branch nodes. The master controller of the master node adopting a DSP mode is processed into an ARM Cortex-M4 architecture for sensor information processing, and 256MB SDRAM and 4GB NAND Flash are expanded simultaneously, so that the storage and processing requirements of data are met; the wireless transmission module in the total node adopts a WSN network RF transceiving with IEEE802.15.4 standard and a microcontroller with an ARM Cortex-M3 kernel, is used for managing a wireless network protocol stack and managing the power consumption of the whole node, provides power amplification and linear low-noise amplification of 2.4GHz, and can support point-to-point transmission of 1.6 kilometers in a line-of-sight range and serial port transparent transmission.
The subnode is ARM Cortex-M framework, frequency multiplication is promoted to 72MHz as the dominant frequency through inside PLL phase-locked loop, have on-chip RAM and Flash, be equipped with 2 mutually independent 12 bit 16 passageway ADCs outward, two independent 7 passageway DMA, 8 16 bit timers, 3 SPI interfaces, 2I 2S interfaces, 2I 2C interfaces, 3 USART interfaces, SDIO interface, 1 CAN interface and a USB interface, CAN carry out the access and the data acquisition of multiple type sensor.
The working principle of the line concentration box of the embodiment is as follows:
the main node receives the data of the sub-nodes through the Ethernet, performs sensor identity recognition after unpacking, integrates the data of a plurality of sensors, compresses the data again, packages the data into a data packet of a wireless transmission network and releases the data packet into a distributed wireless network; the subnodes are composed of a subnode processor MCU, a HUB network interface module and a sensor data acquisition module, and are used for acquiring sensor data, converting the sensor data into Ethernet data packets, and transmitting the Ethernet data packets to the master node through a network cable and a network HUB.
Second, sensor management method
The line concentration box is composed of a main node and a plurality of sub-nodes, each sub-node is a sensor acquisition node, sensors of the nodes comprise various sub-nodes such as an inclinometer acquisition node, a strain gauge acquisition node, a lateral slot meter acquisition node and the like, the data of the plurality of sensor sub-nodes are converged into a distributed wireless network through the main node, the convergence of each new sensor node adopts a master-slave interaction identity identification method, the main node interacts with the sub-nodes with slave machine identities, a sub-node registration table is arranged in the main node, the sub-nodes contain identity information, and the master-slave interaction sensor identity identification management process is as follows:
1) when the slave computer is accessed to the line concentration box, a network access application signal is sent to the host computer;
2) the host requests identity information verification including ID information;
3) the slave machine sends identity information;
4) the host compares the identity information with the information of the registration table, and if the table contains the information of the slave machines, subsequent data transmission can be carried out; if the table does not contain the information of the slave machine, the slave machine is regarded as a new sub-node, the information of the node is added into a registration table, the sensor measurement data calculation parameters and the calculation model corresponding to the node are investigated to wait for the calculation of subsequent measurement values, the configuration of the new node and the initialization of the calculation model are completed, and a signal is sent to the slave machine to inform the slave machine of completing the verification or completing the registration; when the sub-node is removed and changed, the host computer receives the removal signal and then needs to modify and change the information of the registration table;
5) the slave is ready to begin data acquisition and transmission.
As shown in fig. 3, the single-node sensor management method includes the management of identity information verification, registry modification, node parameter configuration, calculation model initialization, and the like of the master node in the sub-node access type through the obtained static identity information, and the estimation of the sensor operation state, and the calculation and management of energy consumption through the obtained dynamic identity information in the data acquisition process.
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-node sensor management method includes a fusion management of multi-sensor information at the same point based on the dynamic and static identity information of the multi-node sensor accessed locally, a data acquisition priority assignment and management, a multi-sensor data integration, compression, storage and wireless transmission management, and a receiving and issuing management of management information of a distributed wireless network main control computer.
Third, detailed description of the invention
In example 1, the following 4 experiments at communication rates of 20Hz, 10Hz, and 1Hz were performed, and are shown in table 1, where the time column in the table is the duration of transmission/reception of the experimental data, the transmission column in the first rate column in table 1 is the number of packets locally processed by the trunk, and the reception column is the number of packets stored in the SD card.
The four experimental environment settings were as follows:
the first experiment is a local storage test of the line concentration box, and directly carries out local storage on a data packet which is received by the line concentration box and is subjected to data compression processing of the branch nodes, and the reliability of the local storage of the data is checked;
experiment two is a short-distance test, data packet output after data processing of each node collected by a line concentration box is taken as a source and output to a receiving end, and the distance from the receiving end to a transmitting end is not more than 10 meters indoors so as to test the transmission effect of network environment signals under a good condition;
experiment three is that a distributed Mesh network is deployed in the same building, the transmitting and receiving ends in two rooms which cannot communicate originally on two non-adjacent floors are communicated, data transmission after forwarding through a routing node in a distributed wireless network is tested, and the total length of a path is 400 meters;
and the fourth experiment is a communication test of two building roofs in an open condition, the building roofs are deployed by distributed wireless networks, and the communication distance is 400 meters.
Table 1 packet loss ratio in the transmission process of the data packet of the line concentrator
From the experimental results of embodiment 1, it can be seen that each existing sensor and data collector are fully utilized, data are integrated and then exported in real time to be issued to the wireless sensor network, and meanwhile, the integrity and the efficiency of data transmission are ensured, the operation complexity of field operation is reduced, and the transmission load of the network is reduced.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an accessible multi-type sensor's line concentration case, its characterized in that, the line concentration case includes a main node and connects respectively a plurality of minute nodes of main node, the main node includes main node treater, network interface module, wireless transmission module and concentrator, the main node treater is connected wireless transmission module, and pass through network interface module connects the concentrator, minute node includes minute node treater, HUB network interface and sensor data acquisition module, minute node treater sensor data acquisition module, and pass through HUB network interface connects the concentrator, sensor data acquisition module is used for gathering sensor data, includes the identity information of sensor in this sensor data.
2. The hub box with access to multiple types of sensors according to claim 1, wherein the node-divided processor converts sensor data into ethernet packets and sends the ethernet packets to the master node; and the main node processor unpacks the received Ethernet data packet, integrates the sensor data according to the identity information of the sensor, and sequentially compresses and packs the data and then sends the data to the distributed wireless network.
3. The hub box of claim 1, wherein said master node further comprises a sdram and a memory, both of said sdram and said memory being coupled to said master node processor.
4. The hub box of claim 1, wherein said node-based processor is an ARM Cortex-M architecture.
5. The aggregation box of claim 1, wherein the wireless transmission module comprises an RF transceiver of a WSN network using ieee802.15.4 specification.
6. The sensor management method of the multi-type sensor-accessible cluster box according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: the sub-node accesses the sensor and then sends an access application to the main node;
s2: the main node requests the sub-node for identity information verification;
s3: the sub-nodes send the identity information of the sensor to the main node;
s4: the master node compares the identity information with pre-stored registration table information, and if the registration table information contains the identity information, the step S5 is performed; if the identity information is not contained, configuring and initializing a new node, and then performing step S5;
s5: and collecting and transmitting data.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the identity information of the sensor and the registry information each comprise static identity information and dynamic identity information, the static identity information comprising vendor information, factory ID, factory sequence version number, sensor type and/or power consumption level information, and the dynamic identity information comprising collector node number, hub box number, sensor priority, state information, continuous operating time and/or total operating time information.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method further comprises the step that the master node performs identity information verification, registration registry modification, node parameter configuration and/or calculation model initialization according to the static identity information transmitted by a sub-node when the sub-node accesses.
9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of the master node performing estimation of the operating state of the sensor, and calculation and management of energy consumption respectively according to the dynamic identity information transmitted by each sub-node during the data acquisition process.
10. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step that the master node performs data acquisition priority distribution and management, same-point multi-sensor information fusion management, multi-sensor data integration, compression, storage and wireless transmission management, and management information receiving and issuing management of the distributed wireless network master control computer on all the sub-nodes according to the static identity information and the dynamic identity information of all the sub-nodes which are accessed.
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